Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8 Invertebrate Organisms
8 Different Organisms Lab
Protists and Animals using the Microscopes
#1 = Brown Planaria
Is this a multicellular animal or a single celled protista?
#1 = Brown Planarian
• Kingdom: Animalia• Phylum: Platyhelminthes• Class: Turbellaria• Order: Tricladida• Family:Planariidae
#1 = Planarians
Planaria are non-parasitic FLATWORMS which are BILATERAL
Planaria are common to many parts of the world, living in both saltwater (MARINE) and freshwater ponds and rivers.
#1 - PlanarianSome are TERRESTRIAL and
are found on plants in humid areas.
These animals move by beating CILIA on the ventral dermis, allowing them to glide along on a film of mucus.
Some move by UNDULATIONS of the whole body by the contractions of MUSCLES built into the body wall.
#1 - Planaria They exhibit an extraordinary ability
to REGENERATE lost body parts. For example, a planarian split lengthwise or crosswise will regenerate into two separate individuals.
The size ranges from 3 to 12 mm Has two eye-spots (also known as
ocelli) that can detect the intensity of light. The eye-spots act as photoreceptors and are used to move away from light sources = NEGATIVE PHOTOTAXIC
#1 - PlanarianPlanaria have three GERM layers
(ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm)
Acoelomate (i.e. they have a solid body with no body cavity).
Single-opening digestive tractThe most frequently used in
class = brownish Dugesia tigrina.
Planarian Layers…
#1 - Planaria
Eats decaying meat! BUT are not parasites
Can be conditioned to respond to stimuli
Display the ability to master a two-choice maze
Can transfer the memory of training from one individual to another – not sure how…
#1 = Planarian’s inside…
#2 – Vinegar Eels
Do you think these are animals or protista?
#2 – Vingegar Eels
Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: NematodaClass: SecernenteaOrder: RhabditidaGenus: TurbatrixSpecies: T. aceti
Info from Wikipedia
#2 Vinegar Eels
Turbatrix aceti (Vinegar eels, Vinegar nematode) are free-living nematodes that feed on the microbial culture.
Can be in a low pH – very acidic environment of 1.5. As humans, we want to be in a neutral situation like 7. The scale for acids-bases goes from 1-14 and 1 is acidic 7 is neutral and 14 is basic
#2 = Vinegar Eels
Nematodes withMouth and Anus
#2 Vinegar Eels
Roundworms are the lowest animals that have a complete digestive tract! They have both a mouth and an anus. The hydra only have one opening, the planaria only have one. These are complex!!!
Aerobic - so they need airVinegar will have these
nematodes in it unless it is filtered and pasteurized.
Movie Clip of #2 Vinegar Eels
Click to see Video…
http://www.microscopyu.com/moviegallery/pondscum/nematode/videos/nematode04df20x.mpg
#3 = Daphnia
Do you think this is an animal or a protista?
#3 - Daphnia
Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ArthropodaSubphylum: CrustaceaClass: BranchiopodaOrder: CladoceraFamily: DaphniidaeGenus: DaphniaInformation from Wikipedia
#3 =Daphnia Magna
Typically called a “water flea”These are actually crustaceans! These belong to the arthropod
phylumHas gills, and two pairs of
antennaeMajor part of food chainNeed light but UV light hurts
them
Daphnia Magna
Anatomy ofwater flea
#3 = Daphnia
Yummy inside a hydra’s tummy!
Hydra will eat the daphnia! Remember: major food chain
part
#4 - Hydra
Do you think the hydra is an animal or a protista?
# 4 - Hydra
Kingdom: AnimaliaSubkingdom: EumetazoaPhylum: CnidariaSubphylum: MedusozoaClass: HydrozoaSubclass: LeptolinaeOrder: AnthomedusaeSuborder: CapitataFamily: HydridaeGenus: Hydra
#4 - Hydra
Hydra are named after the nine-headed sea snake of Greek mythology and are freshwater relatives of corals, sea anemones and jellyfish.
All are members of a primitive phylum, the Cnidaria, and share in common stinging tentacles and a radially symmetrical body plan.
#4 - Hydra
The gut of cnidarians has only one opening and is termed the gastrovascular cavity.
Unlike more complex animals, cnidarians are designed around 2 sheets of tissue: the ECTODERM and the ENDODERM
The two are separated by a gelatinous partition named the mesoglea. This layer is greatly expanded in jellyfish, but is much reduced in hydra.
#4 - Hydra Like to eat Daphnia! Coelenterata or a Cnidaria Simplest animal with definite TISSUE! Only has one opening = mouth =
that leads to a gastrovascular cavity The tentacles can Sting!!! There are
nematocyst threads that harpoon food
Can be 25 mm in length Move by somersaulting or sliding like
an inchworm
#4 - Hydra
Can regenerate lost parts! Cut in half and the body will form into two complete animals in a few days
Form buds to reproduce asexually, see one here
HYDRA VIDEO!
CLICK HERE… http://www.microscopyu.com/movieg
allery/pondscum/hydra/videos/hydra03ob.mpg
http://www.microscopyu.com/moviegallery/pondscum/hydra/videos/hydra03ob.mpg
#5 - Amoeba
Do you think that an Amoeba is an animal or a protista?
# 5 - Amoeba
Domain: EukaryotaKingdom: AmoebozoaPhylum: TubulineaOrder: TubulinidaFamily: AmoebidaeGenus: Amoeba
#5 = Amoeba proteous
Simple, Unicellular, no distinct shape
If you cut it apart, the cell portion with the nucleus will regrow, the other part will die.
If you cut the nucleus = death
#5 Amoeba
Has pseudopods which are used to capture prey (pseudo = false & pod = foot)
They simply engulf their food. They can detect the kind of prey and use different 'engulfing tactics‘ = ways to eat…
Engulfing = EATING!!!
#6 Rotifers
Do you think these are animals or protista?
#6 - Rotifers
Domain: EukaryaKingdom: AnimaliaSubkingdom: EumetazoaSuperphylum: PlatyzoaPhylum: Rotifera
#6 Rotifers
These are in the ANIMAL KINGDOM
Has a false body cavity
#6 – Rotifers
Most rotifers are around 0.1-0.5 mm long, and are common in freshwater environments throughout the world with a few saltwater species. TINY!!!
Some rotifers are free swimming, others move by inchworming along
Some are SESSILE (anchored, still, not moving around) living inside tubes or gel-like areas
About 25 species are COLONIAL– form into group
Rotifers Rotifers – shapes and pictures of their jaws
#7 = Aeolosoma
Do you think these are animals or do you think they are protista?
#7 = Aeolosoma
See the bristles on the body?
#7 - Aeolosoma
Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: AnnelidaClass: OligochaetaOrder: ClitellataFamily: TubificidaeSubfamily: NaidinaeGenus: Chaetogaster
#7 - Aeolosomas
http://www.microscopyu.com/moviegallery/pondscum/annelida/aeolosomas/index.html
Check out that link to see videos!!!
Check for the bristles on the worm.
#7 - Worms are animals!
These are worms so they are animals, in case you didn’t notice…
#8 - Paramecium
These look like worms but they are super small and they are single cells…
So, are they animals or protists?
#8 – Paramecium
Domain: EukaryotaKingdom: ProtistaPhylum: CiliophoraClass: CiliateaOrder: PeniculidaFamily: ParameciidaeGenus: Paramecia
#8 ParameciumUnicellular ciliate protozoaFormerly known as “slipper
animalcules” from their slipper shapeSimple cilia cover the body,
which allow the cell to move like a caterpillar. There is also a deep oral groove containing inconspicuous compound oral cilia used to draw food inside. They generally feed on bacteria and other small cells.
#8 - Paramecium
Osmoregulation is carried out by a pair of contractile vacuoles which actively expel water absorbed by osmosis from their surroundings.
Paramecia are widespread in freshwater environments, and are especially common in scums.
Paramecia are attracted by acidic conditions.
#8 Paramecium
When a paramecium encounters an obstacle, it exhibits the so-called avoidance reaction: It backs away at an angle and starts off in a new direction.
#8 - Paramecium
Has a VACUOLE to remove wastes Has a NUCLEUS Has hairs called CILIA to move it
around
#8 - Paramecium
Paramecium aurelia Scientific classification Kingdom:Protista Phylum:Ciliophora Class:Oligohymenophorea Order:Peniculida Family:Parameciidae Genus:Paramecia Species: aurelia
#8 - Paramecium
Very Small
Looked like fast moving little logs
Unicellular
Eukaryotes = so they do have a nucleus BUT not much to see inside or see them do…
PARAMECIUM
Complex insides of Paramecium
Did you learn 3 small animals and 1 protista?
Video link for 5 minutes
http://www.ebiomedia.com/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=shop.flypage&product_id=1&category_id=3&manufacturer_id=0&option=com_virtuemart&Itemid=38
