[84 CU TRC CU TRONG TING ANH]

1. S + V + too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to do something: (qu.... cho ai lm g...) e.g. This structure is too easy for you to remember.e.g. He ran too fast for me to follow.2. S + V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + V: (qu... n ni m...)e.g. This box is so heavy that I cannot take it.e.g. He speaks so soft that we cant hear anything.3. It + V + such + (a/an) + N(s) + that + S + V: (qu... n ni m...)e.g. It is such a heavy box that I cannot take it.e.g. It is such interesting books that I cannot ignore them at all.4. S + V + adj/ adv + enough + (for someone) + to do something : (... cho ai lm g...)e.g. She is old enough to get married.e.g. They are intelligent enough for me to teach them English.5. Have/ get + something + done (past participle): (nh ai hoc thu ai lm g...)e.g. I had my hair cut yesterday.e.g. Id like to have my shoes repaired.6. It + be + time + S + V (-ed, ct 2) / Its +time +for someone +to do something : ( n lc ai phi lm g...)e.g. It is time you had a shower.e.g. Its time for me to ask all of you for this question.7. It + takes/took+ someone + amount of time + to do something: (lm g... mt bao nhiu thi gian...)e.g. It takes me 5 minutes to get to school.e.g. It took him 10 minutes to do this exercise yesterday.

8. To prevent/stop + someone/something + From + V-ing: (ngn cn ai/ ci g... lm g..)e.g. He prevented us from parking our car here.9. S + find+ it+ adj to do something: (thy ... lm g...)e.g. I find it very difficult to learn about English.e.g. They found it easy to overcome that problem.10. To prefer + Noun/ V-ing + to + N/ V-ing. (Thch ci g/ lm g hn ci g/ lm g)e.g. I prefer dog to cat.e.g. I prefer reading books to watching TV.11. Would rather ('d rather) + V (infinitive) + than + V (infinitive: (thch lm g hn lm g)e.g. She would play games than read books.e.g. Id rather learn English than learn Biology.12. To be/get Used to + V-ing: (quen lm g)e.g. I am used to eating with chopsticks.13. Used to + V (infinitive): (Thng lm g trong qk v by gi khng lm na)e.g. I used to go fishing with my friend when I was young.e.g. She used to smoke 10 cigarettes a day.14. To be amazed at = to be surprised at + N/V-ing: ngc nhin v....e.g. I was amazed at his big beautiful villa.15. To be angry at + N/V-ing: tc gin ve.g. Her mother was very angry at her bad marks.16. to be good at/ bad at + N/ V-ing: gii v.../ km v...e.g. I am good at swimming.e.g. He is very bad at English.17. by chance = by accident (adv): tnh ce.g. I met her in Paris by chance last week.18. to be/get tired of + N/V-ing: mt mi v...e.g. My mother was tired of doing too much housework everyday.19. cant stand/ help/ bear/ resist + V-ing: Khng chu ni/khng nhn c lm g...e.g. She can't stand laughing at her little dog.20. to be keen on/ to be fond of + N/V-ing : thch lm g ...e.g. My younger sister is fond of playing with her dolls.21. to be interested in + N/V-ing: quan tm n...e.g. Mrs Brown is interested in going shopping on Sundays.22. to waste + time/ money + V-ing: tn tin hoc thi gian lm ge.g. He always wastes time playing computer games each day.e.g. Sometimes, I waste a lot of money buying clothes.23. To spend + amount of time/ money + V-ing: dnh bao nhiu thi gian lm g..e.g. I spend 2 hours reading books a day.e.g. Mr Jim spent a lot of money traveling around the world last year.24. To spend + amount of time/ money + on + something: dnh thi gian vo vic g...e.g. My mother often spends 2 hours on housework everyday.e.g. She spent all of her money on clothes.25. to give up + V-ing/ N: t b lm g/ ci g...e.g. You should give up smoking as soon as possible.26. would like/ want/wish + to do something: thch lm g...e.g. I would like to go to the cinema with you tonight.27. have + (something) to + Verb: c ci g lme.g. I have many things to do this week.28. It + be + something/ someone + that/ who: chnh...m...e.g. It is Tom who got the best marks in my class.e.g. It is the villa that he had to spend a lot of money last year.29. Had better + V(infinitive): nn lm g....e.g. You had better go to see the doctor.30. hate/ like/ dislike/ enjoy/ avoid/ finish/ mind/ postpone/ practise/ consider/ delay/ deny/ suggest/ risk/ keep/ imagine/ fancy + V-inge.g. I always practise speaking English everyday.31. It is + tnh t + ( for smb ) + to do smtEG: It is difficult for old people to learn English.( Ngi c tui hc ting Anh th kh )32. To be interested in + N / V_ing ( Thch ci g / lm ci g )EG: We are interested in reading books on history.( Chng ti thch c sch v lch s )33. To be bored with ( Chn lm ci g )EG: We are bored with doing the same things everyday.( Chng ti chn ngy no cng lm nhng cng vic lp i lp li )34. Its the first time smb have ( has ) + PII smt ( y l ln u tin ai lm ci g )EG: Its the first time we have visited this place.( y l ln u tin chng ti ti thm ni ny )35. enough + danh t ( ci g ) + ( to do smt )EG: I dont have enough time to study.( Ti khng c thi gian hc )36. Tnh t + enough ( lm sao ) + ( to do smt )EG: Im not rich enough to buy a car.( Ti khng giu mua t )37. too + tnh t + to do smt ( Qu lm sao lm ci g )EG: Im to young to get married.( Ti cn qu tr kt hn )38. To want smb to do smt = To want to have smt + PII( Mun ai lm g ) ( Mun c ci g c lm )EG: She wants someone to make her a dress.( C y mun ai may cho c y mt chic vy )= She wants to have a dress made.( C y mun c mt chic vy c may )39. Its time smb did smt ( n lc ai phi lm g )EG: Its time we went home.( n lc ti phi v nh )40. Its not necessary for smb to do smt = Smb dont need to do smt( Ai khng cn thit phi lm g ) doesnt have to do smtEG: It is not necessary for you to do this exercise.( Bn khng cn phi lm bi tp ny )41. To look forward to V_ing ( Mong ch, mong i lm g )EG: We are looking forward to going on holiday.( Chng ti ang mong c i ngh )42. To provide smb from V_ing ( Cung cp cho ai ci g )EG: Can you provide us with some books in history?( Bn c th cung cp cho chng ti mt s sch v lch s khng?)43. To prevent smb from V_ing (Cn tr ai lm g )To stopEG: The rain stopped us from going for a walk.( Cn ma ngn cn chng ti i do )44. To fail to do smt (Khng lm c ci g / Tht bi trong vic lm ci g)EG: We failed to do this exercise.(Chng ti khng th lm bi tp ny )45. To be succeed in V_ing (Thnh cng trong vic lm ci g)EG: We were succeed in passing the exam.(Chng ti thi )

46. To borrow smt from smb (Mn ci g ca ai)EG: She borrowed this book from the liblary.( C y mn cun sch ny th vin )47. To lend smb smt (Cho ai mn ci g)EG: Can you lend me some money?( Bn c th cho ti vay t tin khng? )48. To make smb do smt (Bt ai lm g)EG: The teacher made us do a lot of homework.( Gio vin bt chng ti lm rt nhiu bi tp nh )49. CN + be + so + tnh t + that + S + ng t.( n mc m )CN + ng t + so + trng t1. The exercise is so difficult that noone can do it.( Bi tp kh n mc khng ai lm c )2. He spoke so quickly that I couldnt understand him.( Anh ta ni nhanh n mc m ti khng th hiu c anh ta )50. CN + be + such + ( tnh t ) + danh t + that + CN + ng t.EG: It is such a difficult exercise that noone can do it.( l mt bi tp qu kh n ni khng ai c th lm c )51. It is ( very ) kind of smb to do smt ( Ai tht tt bng / t t khi lm g)EG: It is very kind of you to help me.( Bn tht tt v gip ti )52. To find it + tnh t + to do smtEG: We find it difficult to learn English.( Chng ti thy hc ting Anh kh )53. To make sure of smt ( Bo m iu g )that + CN + ng tEG:1. I have to make sure of that information.(Ti phi bo m chc chn v thng tin )2. You have to make sure that youll pass the exam.( Bn phi bo m l bn s thi )54. It takes ( smb ) + thi gian + to do smt ( Mt ( ca ai ) bao nhiu thi gian lm g)EG: It took me an hour to do this exercise.( Ti mt mt ting lm bi ny )

55. To spend + time / money + on smt ( Dnh thi gian / tin bc vo ci gdoing smt lm g )EG: We spend a lot of time on TV.watching TV.( Chng ti dnh nhiu thi gian xem TV )56. To have no idea of smt = dont know about smt ( Khng bit v ci g )EG: I have no idea of this word = I dont know this word.( TI khng bit t ny )57. To advise smb to do smt ( Khuyn ai lm gnot to do smt khng lm g )EG: Our teacher advises us to study hard.( C gio khuyn chng ti hc chm ch )58. To plan to do smt ( D nh / c k hoch lm g )intendEG: We planed to go for a picnic.intended( Chng ti d nh i d ngoi )59. To invite smb to do smt ( Mi ai lm g )EG: They invited me to go to the cinema.( H mi ti i xem phim )60. To offer smb smt ( Mi / ngh ai ci g )EG: He offered me a job in his company.( Anh ta mi ti lm vic cho cng ty anh ta )61. To rely on smb ( tin cy, da dm vo ai )EG: You can rely on him.( Bn c th tin anh y )62. To keep promise ( G li ha )EG: He always keeps promises.63. To be able to do smt = To be capable of + V_ing ( C kh nng lm g )EG: Im able to speak English = I am capable of speaking English.( Ti c th ni ting Anh )64. To be good at ( + V_ing ) smt ( Gii ( lm ) ci g )EG: Im good at ( playing ) tennis.( Ti chi qun vt gii )65. To prefer smt to smt ( Thch ci g hn ci g )doing smt to doing smt lm g hn lm gEG: We prefer spending money than earning money.( Chng ti thch tiu tin hn kim tin )66. To apologize for doing smt ( Xin li ai v lm g )EG: I want to apologize for being rude to you.( Ti mun xin li v bt lch s vi bn )67. Had ( d ) better do smt ( Nn lm g )not do smt ( Khng nn lm g )EG:1. Youd better learn hard.( Bn nn hc chm ch )2. Youd better not go out.( Bn khng nn i ra ngoi )68. Would ( d ) rather do smt Th lm gnot do smt ng lm gEG: Id rather stay at home.Id rather not say at home.69. Would ( d ) rather smb did smt ( Mun ai lm g )EG: Id rather you ( he / she ) stayed at home today( Ti mun bn /anh y / c y nh ti nay)70. To suggest smb ( should ) do smt ( Gi ai lm g )EG: I suggested she ( should ) buy this house.71. To suggest doing smt ( Gi lm g )EG: I suggested going for a walk.72. Try to do ( C lm g )EG: We tried to learn hard.( Chng ti c hc chm ch )73. Try doing smt ( Th lm g )EG: We tried cooking this food.( Chng ti th nu mn n ny )74. To need to do smt ( Cn lm g )EG: You need to work harder.( Bn cn lm vic tch cc hn )75. To need doing ( Cn c lm )EG: This car needs repairing.( Chic t ny cn c sa )

76. To remember doing ( Nh lm g )EG: I remember seeing this film.( Ti nh l xem b phim ny )77. To remember to do ( Nh lm g ) ( cha lm ci ny )EG: Remember to do your homework.( Hy nh lm bi tp v nh )78. To have smt + PII ( C ci g c lm )EG: Im going to have my house repainted.( Ti s sn li nh ngi khc sn, khng phi mnh sn ly )= To have smb do smt ( Thu ai lm g )EG: Im going to have the garage repair my car.= Im going to have my car repaired.79. To be busy doing smt ( Bn rn lm g )EG: We are busy preparing for our exam.( Chng ti ang bn rn chun b cho k thi )80. To mind doing smt ( Phin lm g )EG: Do / Would you mind closing the door for me?( Bn c th ng ca gip ti khng? )81. To be used to doing smt ( Quen vi vic lm g )EG: We are used to getting up early.( Chng ti quen dy sm )82. To stop to do smt ( Dng li lm g )EG: We stopped to buy some petrol.( Chng ti dng li mua xng )83. To stop doing smt ( Thi khng lm g na )EG: We stopped going out late.( Chng ti thi khng i chi khuya na )84. Let smb do smt ( ai lm g )EG: Let him come in.( anh ta vo )

1. Th hin ti nCch dng th hin ti nTh hin ti n dng chi:V d

Thi quen hng ngy- They drive to the office every day (Hng ngy h li xe i lm)- She doesn't come here very often. ( C y khng n y thng xuyn.)- Do you usually have bacon and eggs for breakfast? ( H thng n sng vi bnh m v trng phi khng?)

S vic hay s tht hin nhin- We have two children. ( Chng ti c 2 a con.)- Water freezes at 0 C or 32 F. ( Nc ng bng 0 C hoc 32 F.)- What does this expression mean? (Cm t ny c ngha l g?)

S vic s xy ra trong tng lai theo thi gian biu hay lch trnh- Christmas Day falls on a Monday this year. ( Nm nay ging sinh ri vo ngy th Hai.)- The plane leaves at 5.00 tomorrow morning. ( My bay ct cnh vo lc 5 gi sng ngy mai. )- Ramadan doesn't start for another 3 weeks. ( Ramadan s khng bt u trong 3 tun ti. )

Suy ngh v cm xc ti thi im ni(Tuy nhng suy ngh v cm xc ny c th ch mang tnh nht thi v khng ko di chng ta vn dng th hin ti n ch khng dng hin ti tip din. )- They don't ever agree with us. ( H cha bao gi ng vi chng ta.)

Cu trc ca th hin ti nCu khng inhCu ph nhCu nghi vn

S + V + (O)Nu ch ng ca ca cu thuc ngi th 3 s t th chng ta thm 's' hay 'es' vo sau ng t.S + do not/don't + V + (O)S + does not/doen't + V + (O)- (T hi +) Do/does + S + V + (O)?- (T hi +) Don't/doesn't + S + V + (O)?- (T hi +) Do/does S + not + V + (O)?

V d: They drive to the office every day. Water freezes at 0 C or 32 F.V d: They don't ever agree with us. She doesn't want you to do it.V d: Do you understand what I am trying to say? What does this expression mean?

2. Th hin ti tip dinCch dng th hin ti tip dinTh hin ti tip din dng :V d

Th hin ti tip din t mt hnh ng ang din ra v ko di di mt thi gian hin ti.Ex: The children are playing football now.

Th ny cng thng tip theo sau cu ngh, mnh lnh.Ex: Look! the child is crying

Th ny cn din t 1 hnh ng xy ra lp i lp li dng vi ph t ALWAYS :Ex : He is always borrowing our books and then he doesn't remember

Th ny cn c dng din t mt hnh ng sp xy ra ( tng lai gn)Ex: He is coming tomrow

Khng dng th ny vi cc ng t ch nhn thc chi gic nh : to be, see, hear, understand, know, like , want , glance, feel, think, smell, love. hate, realize, seem, remmber, forget,..........Ex: I am tired now.

Cu trc cu khi s dng th hin ti tip dinCu khng nhCu ph nhCu nghi vn

S + be (am/is/are) + V-ing + (O)- S + be-not + V-ing + (O)- (T hi) + Be + S + V-ing + (O)?

V d: He's thinking about leaving his job.V d: I'm not looking. My eyes are closed tightly.V d: Who is Kate talking to on the phone?

3. Th qu kh nCch s dng th qu kh nTh qu kh n c dng chV d

S vic din ra trong mt thi gian c th trong qu kh v kt thc hin ti She came back last Friday. ( C y tr li t th Su tun trc.) I saw her in the street. ( Ti gp c y trn ng.) They didn't agree to the deal. (H khng ng giao dch . )

S vic din ra trong mt khong thi gian trong qu kh v kt thc hin ti She lived in Tokyo for seven years. ( C y sng Tokyo trong 7 nm. ) They were in London from Monday to Thursday of last week. (Tun va ri h London t th Hai n th Nm. ) When I was living in New York, I went to all the art exhibitions I could. ( Lc ti cn sng New York, ti i xem tt c cc cuc trin lm ngh thut m ti c th. )

Cc cm t thng dng vi th qu kh n Yesterday (two days, three weeks) ago last (year, month, week) in (2002, June) from (March) to (June) in the (2000, 1980s) in the last century in the past

Cu trc ca th qu kh nCu khng nhCu ph nhCu nghi vn

S + V-ed/P2 (+ O)S + did not/didn't + V (+ O) (T hi) + did not/didn't + V + (O) (T hi) + did + V + not + (O)

She came back last Friday. They were in London from Monday to Thursday of last week. She didn't come back last Friday They were not in London from Monday to Thursday of last week. When did she come back? Were they in London from Monday to Thursday of last week?

4. Th qu kh tip dinCch dng ca th qu kh tip dinChng ta dng th qu kh tip din khi mun nhn mnh din bin hay qu trnh ca s vt hay s vic hoc thi gian s vt hay s vic din ra (Nu chng ta ch mun ni v mt s vic no trong qu kh th chng ta c th s dng th qu kh n). While I was driving home, Peter was trying desperately to contact me. ( Peter c gng lin lc vi ti trong lc ti ang li xe v nh. ) Were you expecting any visitors? ( Anh c mong i ngi khch no khng?) Sorry, were you sleeping? (Xin li, anh ang ng ?) I was just making some coffee. (Ti ang pha c ph.) I was thinking about him last night. ( Ti qua, ti ngh v anh y. ) In the 1990s few people were using mobile phones. (Vo nhng nm 1990, rt t ngi s dng in thoi di ng.)

Chng ta dng th qu kh tip din din t 1 hnh ng ang din ra trong qu kh th c hnh ng khc xen vo. I was walking in the street when I suddenly fell over. (Khi ti ang i trn ng th bng nhin ti b vp ng.) She was talking to me on the phone and it suddenly went dead. ( Khi c y ang ni chuyn in thoi vi ti th bng nhin n b mt lin lc.) They were still waiting for the plane when I spoke to them. ( Khi ti ni chuyn vi h th h vn ang ch my bay. ) The company was declining rapidly before he took charge. ( Trc khi anh y nhn cng vic th cng ty ang i xung. ) We were just talking about it before you arrived. (Chng ti va nhc v iu trc khi anh n.) I was making a presentation in front of 500 people when the microphone stopped working. ( Khi ti ang trnh by trc 500 ngi th ci micro t nhin b hng.)

Cu trc ca th qu kh tip dinCu khng nhCu ph nhCu nghi vn

S + was/were + V-ing (+ O)S + was/were + not + V-ing (+ O)(T hi) + was/were + S + V-ing (+ O)?

V d: I was thinking about him last night. We were just talking about it before you arrived.V d: I wasn't thinking about him last night. We were not talking about it before you arrived.V d: Were you thinking about him last night? What were you just talking about before I arrived?

5. Th hin ti Hon thnhCch s dng th hin ti hon thnhChng ta dng th hin ti hon thnh (Present perfect tense) din t s vic xy ra mt thi im khng xc nh trong qu kh. y thi gian c th khng cn quan trng na. Chng ta khng th s dng th hin ti hon thnh chung vi nhng cm t ch thi gian c th nh: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, v.v. Chng ta c th s dng th hin ti hon thnh chung vi nhng cm t mang ngha thi gian khng xc nh nh: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, v.v.Th hin ti hon thnh dng ch:V d

Chng ta dng th hin ti hon thnh ni v cc s vic va mi xy ra v hu qu ca n vn cn nh hng n hin ti: I've broken my watch so I don't know what time it is. ( Ti lm v ng h nn ti khng bit by gi l my gi.) They have cancelled the meeting. (H hy bui hp.) She's taken my copy. I don't have one. (C y ly bn ca ti. Ti khng c ci no.) The sales team has doubled its turnover. (Phng kinh doanh tng doanh s bn hng ln gp i.)Khi chng ta ni v s vic mi din ra gn y, chng ta thng dng cc t nh 'just' 'already' hay 'yet'.

Chng ta dng th hin ti hon thnh ni v s vic xy ra trong qu kh v vn cn tip din hin ti. Vi cch dng ny, chng ta s dng 'since' v 'for' cho bit s vic ko di bao lu. I have been a teacher for more than ten years. (Ti dy hc hn 10 nm.) We haven't seen Janine since Friday. ( Chng ti khng gp Janine t th Su.) How long have you been at this school? ( Anh cng tc trng ny bao lu ri?) For 10 years/Since 2002. (c 10 nm ri/T nm 2002.)

Chng ta dng th hin ti hon thnh khi ni v tri nghim hay kinh nghim. Chng ta thng dng 'ever' v 'never' khi ni v kinh nghim. Have you ever been to Argentina? ( Anh tng n Argentina cha?) I think I have seen that movie before. (Ti ngh trc y ti xem b phim .) Has he ever talked to you about the problem? ( Anh y c ni vi anh v vn ny cha?) I've never met Jim and Sally. ( Ti cha bao gi gp Jim v Sally.) We've never considered investing in Mexico. ( Chng ti cha bao gi xem xt vic u t Mexico.)

Chng ta cng c th dng th hin ti hon thnh ni v s vic xy ra v lp li nhiu ln trong qu kh: We've been to Singapore a lot over the last few years. ( Nhng nm va qua, chng ti i Singapre rt nhiu ln. ) She's done this type of project many times before. (C y lm loi d n ny rt nhiu ln. )hc ting anh We've mentioned it to them on several occasions over the last six months. ( Trong 6 thng va ri,, chng ti nhc vic ny vi h rt nhiu ln ri. ) The army has attacked that city five times. (Qun i tn cng thnh ph 5 ln.) I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this semester. (Ti lm 4 bi kim tra v 5 bi thi trong hc k ny.) She has talked to several specialists about her problem, but nobody knows why she is sick. (B y ni vi nhiu chuyn gia v vn ca b, nhng cha ai tm ra c nguyn nhn b b bnh. )

Cu trc th hin ti hon thnhCu khng nhCu ph nhCu nghi vn

S+ have/has + V3 + (O)- S+ have not/has not + V3 + (O)- S+ haven't/hasn't+ V3 + (O)- (T hi) + have/has + S+ V3 + (O)?

V d: I have spoken to him. I've been at this school for 10 years.V d: I haven't spoken to him yet. I haven't ever been to Argentina.V d: Have you spoken to him yet? How long have you been at this school?

6. Th hin ti hon thnh tip dinTh hin ti hon thnh tip din (Present perfect continuous) c s dng ch s vic xy ra trong qu kh nhng vn cn tip tc hin ti v c th vn cn tip din trong tng lai.Th hin ti hon thnh tip din dng ch:V d

Chng ta s dng th ny ni v s vic kt thc nhng chng ta vn cn thy nh hng hay du vt v n.Oh, the kitchen is a mess. Who has been cooking? (Oh, nh bp tht ln xn. Ai va nu n y?)You look tired. Have you been sleeping properly? (Anh trng c v mt mi. Anh ng khng gic ?)I've got a stiff neck. I've been working too long on computer. (Ti b chng cng c. Ti lm vic trn my vi tnh trong thi gian di.)

Th ny cng c th c s dng ni v cc s vic xy ra qu kh v vn cha kt thc hin ti.I've been learning Spanish for 20 years and I still don't know very much. (Ti hc ting Ty Ban Nha c 20 nm nhng ti vn khng bit nhiu lm.)I've been waiting for him for 30 minutes and he still hasn't arrived. (Ti ch anh ta 30 pht ri nhng anh ta vn cha n.)He's been telling me about it for days. I wish he would stop. (Anh ta ni vi ti v chuyn my ngy nay ri. Ti c g anh ta ng ni na.)

Th ny cng c th c s dng ch s vic xy ra nhiu ln trong qu kh v vn cn tip tc hin ti.She's been writing to her regularly for a couple of years. (Trong my nm nay c y thng xuyn vit th cho b y.)He's been phoning me all week for an answer. (Anh ta gi in cho ti c tun ny ch c c cu tr li.)The university has been sending students here for over twenty years to do work experience. (Trng i hc gi sinh vin n y thc tp trong hn 20 nm.)

Th hin ti hon thnh tip din thng c dng chung vi cc cm t nh: 'since', 'for', 'all week', 'for days', 'lately', 'recently', 'over the last few months'.I've been wanting to do that for ten years. (Ti mun lm vic sut 10 nm nay.)You haven't been getting good results over the last few months. ( Trong my thng va qua, bn t c kt qu rt tt.)They haven't been working all week. They're on strike. (H khng lm vic c tun nay. H ang nh cng.)He hasn't been talking to me for weeks. (Anh y khng ni chuyn vi ti my tun nay ri.)We've been working hard on it for ages. ( Chng ti b ra rt nhiu cng sc cho n trong nhiu nm. )I've been looking at other options recently. (Gn y ti ang xem xt cc phng n khc.)Have you been exercising lately? (Gn y anh c tp th dc khng?)He's been working here since 2001. (Anh y lm vic y t nm 2001.)

Cu trc ca th hin ti hon thnh tip dinCu khng nhCu ph nhCu nghi vn

- S+ have/has + been+ V-ing + (O)- S+ have not/has not + been+ V-ing + (O)- S+ haven't/hasn't + been+ V-ing + (O)(T hi) + have/has + S + been+ V-ing + (O)?

He's been phoning me all week for an answer.I have been exercising hard recently.He hasn't been talking to me for weeksI have not been exercising recently.Oh, the kitchen is a mess. Who has been cooking?Have you been exercising lately?

7. Qu Kh Hon Thnh (Past Perfect): S + had + Past Participle + OT nhn bit: after, before, as soon as, by the time, when, already, just, since, for....Cch dng: Th qu kh hon thnh din t 1 hnh ng xy ra v kt thc trong qu kh trc 1 hnh ng khc cng xy ra v kt thc trong qu kh.

8. Qu Kh Hon Thnh Tip Din (Pas Perfect Continuous): S + had + been + V_ing + OT nhn bit: until then, by the time, prior to that time, before, after.Cch dng: Th qu kh hon thnh tip din nhn mnh khong thi gian ca 1 hnh ng ang xy ra trong qu kh v kt thc trc 1 hnh ng khc xy ra v cng kt thc trong qu kh

9. Tng Lai n (Simple Future): S + shall/will + V(infinitive) + OCch dng:Khi qu v on (predict, guess), dng will hoc be going to.Khi qu v ch d nh trc, dng be going to khng c dng will.CH T + AM (IS/ARE) GOING TO + NG T ( hin ti: simple form)Khi qu v din t s tnh nguyn hoc s sn sng, dng will khng c dng be going to.CH T + WILL + NG T ( hin ti: simple form)

10. Tng Lai Tip Din (Future Continuous): S + shall/will + be + V_ing+ OT nhn bit: in the future, next year, next week, next time, and soon.Cch dng:Th tng lai tip din din t hnh ng s xy ra 1 thi im no trong tng lai.CH T + WILL + BE + NG T THM -ING hocCH T + BE GOING TO + BE + NG T THM ING

11. Tng Lai Hon Thnh (Future Perfect): S + shall/will + have + Past ParticipleT nhn bit: by the time and prior to the time (c ngha l before)Cch dng: Th tng lai hon thnh din t 1 hnh ng trong tng lai s kt thc trc 1 hnh ng khc trong tng lai.CH T + WILL + HAVE + QU KH PHN T (PAST PARTICIPLE)

12. Tng Lai Hon Thnh Tip Din (Future Perfect Continuous): S + shall/will + have been + V_ing + OCch dng:Th tng lai hon thnh tip din nhn mnh khong thi gian ca 1 hnh ng s ang xy ra trong tng lai v s kt thc trc 1 hnh ng khc trong tng lai.

10 cu trc cu thng gp trong ting anh1/ Cu trc: S + V + (not) enough + noun + (for sb) to do st = (khng) ci g (cho ai) lm g. (He doesnt have enough qualification to work here).

2 / Cu trc: S + V + (not) adj/adv + enough + (for sb) to do st = ci g (khng) (cho ai) lm g. (He doesnt study hard enough to pass the exam).

3/ Cu trc: S + V + too + adj/adv + (for sb) to do st = ci g qu n ni lm sao cho ai y lm g. (He ran too fast for me to catch up with).4/ Cu trc: Clause + so that + clause = m (He studied very hard so that he could pas the test).5/ Cu trc: S + V + so + adj/adv + that S + V = ci g qu lm sao n ni m (The film was so boring that he fell asleep in the middle of it). 6/ Cu trc: It + V + such + [a(n)] adj noun + that S +V = ci g qu lm sao n ni m ... (It was such a borring film that he fell asleep in the middle of it)7/ Cu trc: If + S + present simple + S +will/can/may + V simple :cu iu kin loi 1 = iu kin c tht tng lai ( If you lie in the sun too long, you will get sunburnt). c thm v12 th trong ting anh8/ Cu trc: If + S + past simple + S + would + V simple: Cu iu kin loi 2 = miu t ci khng c thc hoc tng tng ra (If I won the competition, I would spend it all).9/ Cu trc: If + S + past perfect + S + would + have past participle:cu iu kin loi 3 = miu t ci khng xy ra hoc tng tng xy ra trong qu kh (If Id worked harder, I would have passed the exam)10/ Cu trc: Unless + positive = If not = tr phi, nu khng (You will be late unless you start at one)Di y l nhngcu trc cu ting anhkhi s dng: to doTo do (say) the correct thing: Lm (ni) ng lc, lm (ni) iu phiTo do (sb's) job; to do the job for (sb): Lm hi aiTo do (work) miracles: To kt qu k diu

To do a baby up again: Bc t li cho mt a bTo do a course in manicure: Hc mt lp ct, sa mng tayTo do a dirty work for him: Lm gip ai vic g nng nhc

To do a disappearing act: Chun, bin mt khi cn nTo do a good deed every day: Mi ngy lm mt vic thinTo do a guy: Trn, tu thot

To do a meal: Lm cmTo do sth in a leisurely fashion: Lm vic g mt cch thong thTo do sth for the sake of sb, for sb's sake: Lm vic g v ngi no,v li ch ngi no

To do sth for lucre: Lm vic g v liTo do sth for effect: Lm vic g to n tngTo do sth for amusement: Lm vic g gii tr

To do sth for a lark: Lm vic g a chiTo do sth by mistake: Lm vic g mt cch v , s To do sth by halves: Lm ci g na vi

To do sth behind sb's back: Lm g sau lng aiTo do sth at, (by) sb's command: Lm theo mnh lnh ca ngi noTo do sth at sb's dictation: Lm vic theo s sai khin ca ai

To do sth at sb's behest: Lm vic g do lnh ca ngi noTo do sth at request: Lm vic g theo li yu cuTo do sth at (one's) leisure: Lm vic thong th, khng vi

To do sth anyhow: Lm vic g ty tin, th no cng cTo do sth all by one's lonesome: Lm vic g mt mnhTo do sth according to one's light: Lm ci g theo s hiu bit ca mnh

To do sth a divious way: Lm vic khng ngay thngTo do sth (all) by oneself: Lm vic g mt mnh khng c ai gip To do sth in a leisurely fashion: Lm vic g mt cch thong th

To do sth in a loose manner: Lm vic g ko c phng php, thiu h thngTo do sth in a private capacity: Lm vic vi t cch c nhnTo do sth in haste: Lm gp vic g

To do sth in sight of everybody: Lm vic g ai ai cng thyTo do sth in the army fashion: Lm vic g theo kiu nh binh (hc ting anh)To do sth in three hours: Lm vic g trong ba ting ng h

To do sth of one's free will: Lm vic g t nguynTo do sth of one's own accord: T lm gTo do sth of one's own choice: Lm vic g theo ring ca mnh (e-learning)

To do sth on one's own hook: Lm vic g mt mnh, khng ngi gip To do sth on one's own: T lm ci gTo do sth on principle: Lm g theo nguyn tc

To do sth on spec: Lm vic g mong th liTo do sth on the level: Lm g mt cch tht thTo do sth on the sly: m thm, kn o giu gim, ln lt lm vic g

To do sth on the spot: Lm vic g lp tcTo do sth out of spite: Lm vic g do c To do sth right away: Lm vic g ngay lp tc, tc khc

To do sth slap-dash, In a slap-dash manner: Lm vic g mt cch cu thTo do sth through the instrumentality of sb: Lm vic g nh s gip ca ngi noTo do sth to the best of one's ability: Lm vic g ht sc mnh

To do sth unasked: T lm vic gTo do sth under duress: Lm g do cng pTo do sth unhelped: Lm vic g mt mnh

CU TRC CU MANG NGHA BAO HM1.1. Not only .....but also (khng nhng ... m cn....)S + verb + not only + noun/adj/adv + but also + noun/adj/advHoc:S +not only + verb + but also + verbEx:- Robert is not only talented but also handsome.- He writes not only correctly but also neatly.- She can play not only the guitar but also the violin.or She not only plays the piano but also composes music.Thnh phn sau 'but also' thng quyt nh thnh phn sau 'not only'.Ex: Incorrect: He is not only famous in Italy but also in Switzerland.Correct: He is famous not only in Italy but also in Switzerland.1.2. As well as (va ... va ...)Cng ging nh cu trc trn, cc thnh phn ng trc v ng sau cm t ny phi tng ng vi nhau.S + verb + noun/adj/adv + as well as + noun/adj/advHoc:S + verb + as well as + verbEx: - Robert is talented as well as handsome.- He writes correctly as well as neatly.- She plays the guitar as well as the violin.- Paul plays the piano as well as composes music.Ch : Khng c nhm thnh ng ny vi as well as ca hin tng ng ch ng mang ngha "cng vi".Ex: The teacher, as well as her students, is going to the concert.My cousins, as well as Tim, have a test tomorrow.1.3. Both .....and... (va ... va)Cng thc dng ging ht nh not only ... but also. Both ch c dng vi and, khng c dng vi as well asEx: Robert is both talented and handsome.Paul both plays the piano and composes music.

TAG QUESTION (Cu hi ui).BI 1: CC DNG C BIT CA CU HI UI- I am..., aren't I ? ( nhng nu l : I am not ... th li dng : am I ? )- Let's ...., shall we ?- One...,... you/one?- Cu mnh lnh ( khng c ch t ) -------> Will you ?Vd: Don't take it, will you ? ( mnh lnh, d c not hay khng cng dng will you )- Cu u l I wish ... -> may I?- Cu u c must:Must c nhiu cch dng cho nn ty theo cch dng m s c cu hi ui khc nhau+ Must ch s cn thit: => dng needntV d:They must study hard, neednt they?+ Must ch s cm on: => dng mustV d:You mustnt come late, must you ?+ Must ch s d on hin ti: => da vo ng t theo sau mustV d:He must be a very intelligent student, isnt he? ( anh ta t hn l 1 hc sinh rt thng minh, phi khng ?)+ Must ch s d on qu kh ( trong cng thc must +have+ p.p) : => dng [ ] l have/hasV d:You must have stolen my bike, havent you? ( bn chc hn l ly cp xe ca ti, phi khng?)(cn tip...)Hc xong ri cc bn th lm cc bi tp sau y nh:1. Let's go out tonight, _______?2. I am too impatient,______?3. It never work very well,______?4. Open the door,____?5. Don't open the door,_____?6. Everybody realized the danger,______?7. I wish to study English,_____?8. You must finish your exam today, _______?9. He must be late for dinner, ______?10. I must get home early, _____?

Cu trc cn bit lm bi tp vit li cu.==========================SHARE v tng lin, khng n tri mt th ung ^^1. to look at(v)= to have a look at (n): (nhn vo)2. to think about = to give thought to : ngh v3. to be determimed to= to have a determination to : d nh4. to know (about) = to have knowledge of: bit5. to tend to = to have a tendency to : c khuynh hng:6. to intend to +inf = to have intention of + V_ing : d nh7. to desire to = have a desire to : Ao c8. to wish = to have a wish / to express a wish : ao c9. to visit Sb = to pay a visit to Sb / to pay Sb a visit : thm ving10. to discuss Sth = to have a dicussion about : tho lun11. to decide to = to make a decision to : quyt nh12. to talk to = to have a talk with : ni chuyn13. to explain Sth = to give an explanation for : gii thch14. to call Sb = to give Sb a call : gi in cho...15. to be interested in = to have interst in : thch16. to drink = to have a drink : ung17. to photograph = to have a photograph of : chp hnh18. to cry = to give a cry : khc ku19. to laugh at = to give a laugh at : ci nho20. to welcome Sb = to give Sb a welcome : cho n21. to kiss Sb = to give Sb a kiss : hn22. to ring Sb = to give Sb a ring : gi in23. to warn = to give warning : bo ng, cnh bo24. to try to (+inf) = to make an effort to/ to make an attempt to : c gng25. to meet Sb = to have a meeting with Sb : gp ai

CC T THEO SAU CHC CHN L "V-ing"

y l nhng t ngoi l v bt buc phi nh mt cch my mc cc bn nh! Vy nn SHARE v v hc thuc nh

1. Admit: tha nhn2. Avoid: trnh3. Appreciate: cm kch4. Begin: bt u5. Consider: xem xt, cn nhc6. Continue: tip tc7. Delay: tr hon8. Deny: t chi9. Enjoy: thng thc, hng th10. Escape: thot khi11. Finish: hon thnh12. Keep (+ V_ing): continue13. Mention: cp14. Mind: phin15. Postpone = Delay16. Prefer: thch hn17. Miss: b l18. Practise: thc hnh, luyn tp19. Quit: t b20. Recall: triu tp21. Report: bo co22. Resent / Resist: cng li, chng li23. Recollect: thu thp li24. Resume: ni li25. Risk: liu lnh26. Suggest: ngh

Cc ng t phi c TO-V1 theo sau 1. Afford ( kh nng) 2. Agree ( ng )3. Appear( xut hin)4. Arrange ( sp xp)5. Ask (hi , yu cu)6. Care ( chm sc)7. Beg ( ni n , van xin)8. Claim (i hi , yu cu)9. Consent (bng lng)10. Decide ( quyt nh)11. Demand ( yu cu)12. Deserve ( xng ng)13. Expect (mong i)14. Fail (tht bi)15. Hesitate (do d)16. Hope (hi vng)17. Learn (hc)18. Manage ( sp xp )19. Mean ( nh)20. Need (cn)21. Offer ( ngh)22. Plan (ln k hoch)23. Prepare ( chun b)24. Pretend (gi v)25. Promise (ha)26. Refuse ( t chi)27. Seem (dng nh)28. Struggle ( u tranh)29. Swear (xin th)30. Threaten (e da)31. Volunteer (tnh nguyn)32. Wait (i)33. Want ( mun)34. Wish (mong)

CU TRC VIT LI CU (qu hay, hay qu ^^ )1. S + be + adj + N = S + V + adv2. S + V + adv = S + V + with + N3. S + remember + to do Sth = S + dont forget + to do Sth4. S + be + adj = What + a + adj + N!5. S + V + adv = How + adj + S + be6. S + V + adv = How + adv + S + V!7. S + be + ing-adj = S + be +ed-adj8. S + V = S + be + ed-adj9. S + V + Khong thi gian = It + take + (sb) + Khong thi gian + to + V10. S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + so + adj + that + S + cant + V11. S + V + too + adv + to + V = S + V + so + adv + that + S + cant + V12. S + be + so + adj + that + S + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V13. S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V14. S + V + so + adv + that + S + V = S + do/does/did + not + V + adv + enough + to + V15. Because + clause = Because of + noun/gerund16. Although + clause = In spite of + Nound/gerund17. Although + clause = Despite + Nound/gerund18. S + V + N = S + be + adj19. S + be + adj = S + V + O20. S + be accustomed to + Ving = S + be used to +Ving /N21. S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving /N22. This is the first time + S + have + PII = S+be + not used to + Ving/N23. S + would prefer = S + would rather S + Past subjunctive (li cu khn)24. S + like ... better than ... = S + would ... than ...25. S + prefer = S + would rather + V26. S + V + O = S + find + it (unreal objective) + adj + to + V27. Its ones duty to do sth = S + be + supposed to do sth28. S + be + PII + to + V = S + be + supposed to do sth29. Imperative verb (mnh lnh)= S + should (not) + be + PII30. Imperative verb (mnh lnh)= S + should (not) + do sth

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