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ADAMSON UNIVERSITYCOLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

Technology on the new geopolitical future

In Partial Fulfillment for the course requirements

Geopolitics

Submitted by:

Madrona, Jerson G.(A.B Political Science)

Submitted to:

Prof. Don Emmanuel Nolasco(MWF (1:00 2:00 PM)

March 23, 2012


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Introduction

Geopolitics as we all know is the study of politics and geography and conflicts from a

geographical perspective. As I recall the discussion I heard the past days, geopolitical

or geographical perspective is dynamic. It evolves as the international system and its

operational environment changes. The world map was also changing significantly by me

proliferation of national states that occurred in the wake of the collapse of colonial

empires. The global technological system became more complex and it's structures

more flexible, as the new balance struck between the superpowers depended upon a

nested system of geopolitical levels whose units were tied to the superpowers as well

as to emerging regional powers. This was the system that ended with the collapse of

the Soviet Union in 1991 and the end of the cold war, leaving the United States as the

worlds sole superpower.

In historic terms, the age of balance of superpower competition was relatively brief, ithappened only four and half decades. But it was an age of sweeping scientific,

technological, economic and ideological change. There was a book that says that when

the nuclear weapons and space age capacities, dominated by the united states and the

soviet union, created a strategic standoff. At first, the equilibrium that was struck was

static. This remains so until the Soviet Union leapfrogged the areas surrounding the

continental Eurasian center to penetrate southward into the Middle East and together

with communist china, east ward into Korea and southward into the Southeast Asia.

This was also followed by the spread of soviet influence into sub-saharah Africa and

Latin America in which by the use of technological weapons this particular group was

arise.

Throughout history, authors from all over the world have identified and describe the

relationship between power, territory, conflict and location. Numerous wars throughout

the history have arisen as a result of disputes over control of territory by the use of

technological arisement. Certain territories are particularly desirable because of specific

attributes or locational considerations. The presence of natural resources can make a

territory especially desirable. Just like in the instance of Iraqs takeover of Kuwait.

The geopolitics is defined in this introduction as the analysis of the interaction between,

on the one hand, geographical settings and perspective and on the other, politicalprocesses are dynamic and each influences and is influenced by the other and the use

of technological tactics.


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In this term paper I will focus on the technological assumption perspective on how the

different countries set aside their goal in relying in the terms of globalization and

modernalization in achieving one's idealism on political order.


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Discussion

Can, and will, the next generation of politicians exploit the communication mediums

available to them? Will the new communication mediums have the power to influence

public opinion? Will politicians be the victims of technology, or will they use it to their

benefit? Will one party benefit from the use of the technology more than another? Will

the world can be a possible product of technology? All reasonable questions,

considering the role technology plays in today's society.

Several Forces are acting to restructure the global technological economy in the late

80's. While technological forces loom large. There are important and potentially

powerful social, ecological, technological and political forces at work as well. Some are

longstanding, while others are just beginning to emerge. Among the potentially most

influential forces is the spreading concern over the increasingly inequitable distribution

of wealth among societies because of this technological advancement. As the worldbecomes smaller, awareness of the inhuman nature of the widening gap between super

affluent and poor societies is rising. Many among the rich are troubled by the widening

gap. The poor are finding it less tolerable.

Advancing communications technology in my study expands the optimum size of both

economic and political organization. In the words of Norman Cousins "The significance

of communications has seldom been more pithily expressed than in Aristotles comment

that the size of a political unit is determined by the range of a single man's voice. He

was thinking of the Greek world of course where all the citizens of a city state as Athens

could assemble in one place and attends to their common affairs.The emergence of a global communication technology system is in and of itself a

notable achievement in international relations. It required willingness on the part of the

United States, the country possessing the technology to make it available to other

countries.

Man is now creating a central nervous system for the entire world, linking its diverse and

distance parts directly to one another.

In this term paper it shows that the technological geopolitics has been drawn from the

histories of agrarian and early industrial states. In recent years, however, it has beenargued that modern technologies have completely changed the principles of warfare

and hence the geopolitical relations of states. The internal combustion engine, the

airplane, the rocket all have greatly increased the range and speed of movement and

attack; and electronics makes global communications virtually instantaneous. Does it

follow, then, that we are living in an era of entirely new geopolitical rules, in which all

older principles of geopolitical explanation are outdated?


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One prominent line of thought answers this strongly in the affirmative. Andreski (1968)

states emphatically that the revolution in transportation and communication has already

doomed the nation-state as an anachronism. The geopolitics of a plurality of states,

such as has characterized the world up until now, no longer applies. The most powerful

states now can make military strikes in a minimal time anywhere on the globe. Under

these circumstances a world empire is not only possible but barring total destruction

inevitable. Not only has the new military technology made it likely that such an empire

can be won, but the rapid pace of modern transportation and communication make it

feasible to administer a state of this size. Other analysts, too, have assumed that a

unified world empire is not only possible but likely in the future; this has been argued by

Wallerstein and his collaborators as a culmination of long-term trends in the capitalist

world economy. Just to give you an instance on my research as we come back during in

the late 1970s The Technological Revolution involves two major geopolitical

developments. The first is that as technology advances, systems of mass

communication rapidly accelerate, and the worlds people are able to engage in instantcommunication with one another and gain access to information from around the world.

In it, lies the potential and ultimately a central source of a massive technological

political awakening. Simultaneously, the Technological Revolution has allowed elites to

redirect and control society in ways never before imagined, ultimately culminating in a

global scientific dictatorship, as many have warned of since the early decades of the

20th century. The potential for controlling the masses has never been so great, as

science unleashes the power of genetics, biometrics, surveillance, and new forms of

modern eugenics; implemented by a scientific elite equipped with systems of psycho-

social control.

Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, American ideologues politiciansand academicsbegan discussing the idea of the emergence of a new technologicalworld order in which power in the world is centralized with one power the UnitedStates, and laid the basis for an expansion of elitist ideology pertaining to the notion ofglobalization: that power and power structures should be globalized. In short, the newtechnological world order was to be a global order of global governance. In the shortterm, it was to be led by the United States, which must be the central and primary actorin constructing a new world order, and ultimately a global government.

In the past many years, weve seen the transformative impact of the internet and cellulartechnology in politics. Instead of a handful of news photographers hiding to capture

images at any are around us, we now see millions of people in the street, cell phones in

hand, taking increasingly high quality videos and photos of state oppression. Every day

the pictures from all over the world appear in graphic detail on our screens. In the book

1984, George Orwell that I read, he prophesized that Big Brother would watch over us.

Now, it looks like we get to watch over Big Brother too. The benefit of a world with no


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privacy may very well be a world with no secrecy. There are now four billion cell phones

in use throughout the world, and many of them can capture and transmit images. When

coupled with social networking websites, they make millions of people both producers

and consumers of information. While the information on the web is difficult to verify and

easy to manipulate, it is a fact of modern political life. The impact of technology on

political communication is not a new phenomenon. Obama, like Jack Kennedy before

him, managed to master a new technology before any other politician. FDR set the

pattern when he learned to use the radio to communicate directly with the public during

his fireside chats throughout the Depression and World War II.

The internet and cell phones add a new dimension to political technology; they are

interactive media. In addition to the images presented on the web, the internet allows

people to quickly spread ideas, information and organize political protest. Information

comes to the public and from the public as well. Efforts to jam and shut down these

technologies are nearly always overcome by hackers and clever political organizers. In

the case of many issues, no one can predict the future or even the immediate outcome

of this conflict. But something is changing in politics. Perhaps it is as President Obama

remarked recently, quoting Dr.King:The arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends

toward justice I believe that as a student of Adamson. The international community

believes that. And right now, we are bearing witness to the peoples belief in that truth,

and we will continue to bear witness.

Since the rise of the Internet in the early 1990s, the world's networked population hasgrown from the low millions to the low billions. Over the same period, social media havebecome a fact of life for civil society worldwide, involving many actors -- regular citizens,

activists, nongovernmental organizations, telecommunications firms, software providers,governments. This raises an obvious question for the U.S. government: How does theubiquity of social media affect U.S. interests, and how should U.S. policy respond to it?

As the communications landscape gets denser, more complex, and more participatory,the networked population is gaining greater access to information, more opportunities toengage in public speech, and an enhanced ability to undertake collective action. In thepolitical arena, as the protests in Manila demonstrated, these increased freedoms canhelp loosely coordinated publics demand change.

Another one issues is the rise of technological tactics when it come to war Because of

technological advancements at this time in history warfare was changed because themuch more efficient weapons made it much easier to kill the enemy and eliminatedchivalry. Because of these new advancements such as tanks, machine guns and lethalgasses such as mustard gas casualties were much higher and trench warfare wasintroduced to keep soldiers safe while not in combat due to the ability to kill enemiesfrom long distances. The impact of the aforementioned "pre-existing" technologiesvaried according to how they were used. Technologies like the submarine, dieselengines, and steam turbines were accompanied by radically new (and innovative) ideas
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/21/world/middleeast/21prexy.htmlhttp://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/21/world/middleeast/21prexy.html


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on how to use them - WW1 proved the place where these new ideas were firstemployed, and they often resulted in a revolutionary new fighting style. Othertechnologies, such as the machine gun, barbed wire, heavy artillery, and smokelesspowder, were simply incorporated into the existing military mindset, without theaccompanying re-examination of their potential impact. This set of technologies had

been previously employed in a variety of smaller wars (primarily in colonial and non-European settings) in one-sided manners, and their impacts against similarly-equippedopponents were never really considered. It is these technologies which are primarilyresponsible for the wholesale slaughter of World War 1 - the prevailing military theoryhad failed to consider the characteristics of this recent technology advances, and thus,missed the radical change required by their employment by BOTH sides of a conflict.Airplanes were in a similar position as tanks - the technology was really too new andimmature for effective combat use. At best, the airplane provided better observation andreconnaissance ability than previously available, but, in a static trench-warfare setting(with the commonly poor European weather), the amount of benefit this provided is easyto overstate. Tactical and strategic bombing was non-existent; the airplane would have

to wait for the wars of the 30s and 40s before becoming a useful (and game-changing)weapon.


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Conclusion

In this kind of discussion that I have given, it was show here that for the first time inhuman history almost all of humanity is politically activated, politically conscious andpolitically interactive through the help of technology. There are only a few pockets of

humanity left in the remotest corners of the world that are not politically alert andengaged with the political turmoil and stirrings that are so widespread today around theworld. The resulting global technological political activism is generating a surge in thequest for personal dignity, cultural respect and economic opportunity in a world painfullyscarred by memories of centuries-long alien colonial or imperial domination. By thisassumption I may say that our world today can be mobilize by the said technologicalEnovation. Many of our politicians can be more active when it comes to technology. AndI think one of the possible responses is that the world in the future can have an easiestway in defining the technological era into the new world order. Many people can be abig product of this new point perspective because as we can see almost 66 percent ofpeople today are practicing the advantages and the disadvantages of technology. We

are all aware of the fast pace at which technology moves. During ones lifetime we canname several technological changes at different points in our lives. At least every fiveyears, if not closer, there are very notable changes in technology which help us to keepour personal time lines in order. Technology is probably the third most referencedsubject when trying to recall a time or an event; right after music and movies. How manytimes have you said, The time that I did. was when. (Technological reference),associating memories in your life with the technology of that same time? Many of us do.Just as it is easy to recall a song or movie you so enjoyed, it is just as easy to recall achange in technology.

However, are we just as aware of the changes in politics throughout the years? Though

the political game may not change as quickly as the pace of change in the technologicalgame; there are definitely some notable changes in each ones lifetime as far as thepolitical area as well. Have you noticed any changes in the way politics are handledduring your time? Changes in campaigning, fund raising and so forth? You dont reallyhave to look hard to find them. If you concern yourself with political history at all, Imsure you could list a few.

Though many people notice the quick advance of technology throughout the years,many may not notice how technological advances have tied into changes in the waypolitics have been run. Much like every other area in life, technology has enabled oreven promoted advances in politics too. The most noticeable changes occurred during

our most recent Presidential campaign no doubt, Obama vs. McCain. By thisperspective that I share in this term paper it may be possible that the politics maybecome an asset of a big doom of technology in the future. And not only the politics butit may be assure that the world future view may become a great battle side oftechnological arisement. This is an emerging principle in which the world will becomemore reliable in the mind of technology. And I conclude that this technology will becomethe first battle ground in the next generation.
http://www.wikinvest.com/industry/Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_simulation_gamehttp://www.amazon.com/Advance-Technology-Britain-Since-1930/dp/0750216530%3FSubscriptionId%3D0G81C5DAZ03ZR9WH9X82%26tag%3Dtectalwitcrap-20%26linkCode%3Dxm2%26camp%3D2025%26creative%3D165953%26creativeASIN%3D0750216530http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/2593369/technology_and_its_political_impact.html?cat=9http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/2593369/technology_and_its_political_impact.html?cat=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_campaignhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election%2C_2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election%2C_2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_campaignhttp://www.associatedcontent.com/article/2593369/technology_and_its_political_impact.html?cat=9http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/2593369/technology_and_its_political_impact.html?cat=9http://www.amazon.com/Advance-Technology-Britain-Since-1930/dp/0750216530%3FSubscriptionId%3D0G81C5DAZ03ZR9WH9X82%26tag%3Dtectalwitcrap-20%26linkCode%3Dxm2%26camp%3D2025%26creative%3D165953%26creativeASIN%3D0750216530http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_simulation_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_lifehttp://www.wikinvest.com/industry/Technology


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