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Alg2 Notes 8.8.notebook March 22, 2013 88 Analyzing Decisions Skills we've learned and will be quizzed on TODAY 8.1 Measures of Central Tendency mean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation, expected value, boxandwhisker plot, interquartile range, outlier 8.2 Data Gathering population, census, sample, random sample, convenience samples, and selfselected samples, underrepresented, overrepresented, bias samples, statistic, parameter 8.3 Surveys, Experiments, & Observational Studies experiment, observational study, controlled experiment, treatment group, control group, randomized comparative experiment 8.4 Significance of Experimental Results hypothesis testing, null hypothesis, zTest, 95% confidence level: If , then you can reject the null hypothesis with 95% certainty. If , then you do not have enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis. 8.5 Sampling Distributions simple random sample, systematic sample, stratified sample, cluster sample, convenience sample, selfselected sample, probability sample, margin of error 8.6 Binomial Distributions binomial theorem, binomial expansion Oh by the way... 1 standard deviation: 68.2% 2 standard deviations: 95.4% 3 standard deviatons: 99.7% 88 Analyzing Decisions 1. Calculate Expected Value 2. Use Expected Value to Make Decisions and Analyze Strategies Your project!

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Page 1: 88 Analyzing Decisions 1. Calculate Expected Value 2. Use …€¦ · Alg2 Notes 8.8.notebook March 22, 2013 II. Real World Expected Value 3. On a mountain, it takes Sam 2 hours to

Alg2 Notes 8.8.notebook March 22, 2013

8­8 Analyzing Decisions

Skills we've learned and will be quizzed on TODAY8.1  Measures of Central Tendency

­ mean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation, expected value, box­and­whisker plot, interquartile range, outlier8.2  Data Gathering

­ population, census, sample, random sample, convenience samples, and self­selected samples, underrepresented, overrepresented, bias samples, statistic, parameter8.3  Surveys, Experiments, & Observational Studies 

­ experiment, observational study, controlled experiment, treatment group, control group, randomized comparative experiment8.4  Significance of Experimental Results

­ hypothesis testing, null hypothesis, z­Test, 95% confidence level:  If               , then you can reject the null hypothesis with 95% certainty.  If              , then you do not have enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis. 

8.5 Sampling Distributions­ simple random sample, systematic sample, stratified 

sample, cluster sample, convenience sample, self­selected sample, probability sample, margin of error8.6 Binomial Distributions

­ binomial theorem, binomial expansionOh by the way...

1 standard deviation:  68.2%2 standard deviations:  95.4%3 standard deviatons:  99.7%

8­8 Analyzing Decisions

1.  Calculate Expected Value2.  Use Expected Value to Make Decisions 

and Analyze Strategies 

Your project!

Page 2: 88 Analyzing Decisions 1. Calculate Expected Value 2. Use …€¦ · Alg2 Notes 8.8.notebook March 22, 2013 II. Real World Expected Value 3. On a mountain, it takes Sam 2 hours to

Alg2 Notes 8.8.notebook March 22, 2013

I.  Expected Value

Another way:  Expected Value is the weighted average of the numerical outcomes of a probability experiment.

1.  The sides of a six­sided number cube are labeled 1, 1, 3, 3, 9, and 9.  What is the expected value of the cube?

2.  What is the expected value of rolling a six sided number cube as shown in the net below?

Page 3: 88 Analyzing Decisions 1. Calculate Expected Value 2. Use …€¦ · Alg2 Notes 8.8.notebook March 22, 2013 II. Real World Expected Value 3. On a mountain, it takes Sam 2 hours to

Alg2 Notes 8.8.notebook March 22, 2013

II.  Real World Expected Value

3.  On a mountain, it takes Sam 2 hours to climb the southern route, unless there is ice, which increases the time to 4 hours. It takes him 2.5 hours to climb the eastern route, unless there is ice, which increases the time to 3 hours. If the chance of ice is 20% on the southern route and 40% on the eastern route, which route should Sam take if he wants to finish the climb as soon as possible?

EV(south) = 0.8(2) + 0.2(4) = 2.4 

EV(east) = 0.6(2.5) + 0.4(3) = 2.7 

He should take the southern route.

4.  Jack can take one of three routes to work each day. Route A takes 16 minutes, Route B takes 10 minutes, and Route C takes 20 minutes. There is a 40% chance he will encounter an accident in Route A, which increases travel time to 25 minutes. There is also a 20% chance he will encounter a traffic jam if he takes Route B, which increases his travel time to 40 minutes. He has a 10% chance of experiencing a delay in Route C, which increases his travel time to 32 minutes. Which route should Jack take to work each day?

Route A:  0.60(16) + 0.40(25) = 9.6 + 10 = 19.6 minutesRoute B:  0.20(40) + 0.80(10) = 8 + 8 = 16 minutesRoute C:  0.90(20) + 0.1(32) = 21.2 minutes

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Alg2 Notes 8.8.notebook March 22, 2013

III.  Monty Hall Problem

5.

6.  In a TV game show, a car key is hidden in one of five bags. The other bags contain fake keys. Once the contestant picks a bag, the host, knowing where the key is located, opens a bag with a fake key. As the contestant answers questions correctly, he continues to open bags with fake keys until two bags remain: one with the car key and one with a fake key. At this time, he offers the contestant a chance to switch bags. Find the expected value of sticking with the original bag and the expected value of switching bags.

Expected Value of staying:  1/5Expected Value of switching:  4/5

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Alg2 Notes 8.8.notebook March 22, 2013

7.  Mikayla is applying to 3 colleges. She makes estimates of her chances of being accepted, and estimates of her chances of receiving financial aid from each, presented below:

At which college is she most likely to be both accepted and receive financial aid?

College A: 0.75 · 0.30 = 0.225 

College B: 0.65 · 0.40 = 0.260

College C: 0.70 · 0.45 = 0.315

She has a higher probability of being accepted in College C with a financial aid.

IV.  Your Calculator

Re­visit 1.  The sides of a six­sided number cube are labeled 1, 1, 3, 3, 9, and 9.  What is the expected value of the cube?

List 1:  x's (values)List 2:  P(x)  (probability of each value)1 Variable Stats L1, L2Get both average (expected value) & s.d.

why would you want standard deviation?  used to apply to z­scores or normal datacompare different distributionswhich casino games have greater spreads

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Alg2 Notes 8.8.notebook March 22, 2013

8.8 p.606 #2, 3, 5 ­ 8, 12, 13, 15, 18, 22, 23, 27 ­ 29