9140 INSTALLATION MANUAL - · Web viewFUNCTION 31- DEDICATED RELAY ASSIGNMENT 29 6.2.4. FUNCTION 32 - SETTING CONTROL RELAYS 29 6.3. TOTALIZER 30 6.3.1. MAXIMUMEXPECTED FLOW 30 6.3.2

9140 INSTALLATION MANUAL


TABLE OF CONTENTS 1

1. INSTALLATION OF CONTROLLER AND TRANSDUCER 4

1.1. INSTALLATION MANUAL

1.2. PRELIMINARY EQUIPMENT CHECK-OUT 4

1.3. CONTROLLER LOCATION 4

1.3.1. CONDUIT ENTRANCE 5

1.4. TRANSDUCER MOUNTING 5

1.4.1. OPEN CHANNEL FLOW APPLICATION-TRANSDUCER LOCATION 5

1.6 . TANK GAUGING APPLICATION - TRANSDUCER LOCATION 6

1.6.1. HORIZONTAL LOCATION - SIDE WALLS 6

1.6.2. LOADING PORT 7

1.6.3. SLOPING BOTTOMS 6

1.6.4. VERTICAL LOCATION 7

1.6.5. ADDITIONAL FACTORS 8

2. CONTROLLER INSTALLATION 10

2.1. LIGHTNING PROTECTION 10

2.1.1. INPUT POWER LINE 10

2.1.2. COAXIAL CABLE RUN 10

2.2. POWER WIRING 10

2.3. TRANSDUCER WIRING 10

2.4. TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION 11

2.5. POWERUP 11

3. KEYBOARD I LCD DISPLAY 13

3.1. LCDREADOUT 13

3.1.1. OPEN CHANNEL FLOWMETER 13

3.1.2. TANK GAUGE 13

3.2. KEYBOARD 13

3.3. TYPES OF KEYBOARD FUNCTIONS 14

3.4. READ ONLY FUNCTIONS 14

3.5. READ/WRITE FUNCTIONS 14

3.5.1. PROGRAM MODE ACCESS CODE - FUNCTION 66 15

3.5.2. GENERAL ENTRY OF DATA 15

3.6. SCROLLING FUNCTIONS 16

4. SPECIAL OPTIONS 17

4.1. FUNCTION 391 -ANALOG INPUT 17

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4.1.1. SIGNAL LEVEL FOR ANALOG INPUT 17

4.1.2. FUNCTION 63-ANALOG INPUT SIGNAL ENTRY 18

4.1.3. FUNCTION 86-ANALOG INPUT SIGNAL -- AUTOMATIC SCALING 18

4.1.4. TRANSDUCER WIRING 19

5. CALIBRATION OF EQUIPMENT 20

5.1. INITIAL CALIBRATION VERIFICATION 20

5.2. DISTANCE CALIBRATION - AIR SPACE 20

5.3. AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION/TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION 20

5.4. FUNCTION 84- DISTANCE CALIBRATION 21

5.5. FUNCTION 88- ZERO DISTANCE REFERENCE 22

5.6. HEIGHT TO VOLUME CONVERSION 23

5.6.1. CYLINDRICAL TANK/VOLUME 23

5.6.2. VERTICAL TANK/VOLUME 23

5.6.3. MAXIMUM VOLUME AND MAXIMUM HEIGHT/DIAMETER ENTRY 23

5.7. OPEN CHANNEL FLOW - PRIMARY DEVICE/UNITS SELECTION 24

5.7.1. PRIMARY DEVICE 24

5.7.1.1 .WIDTH OF THE PRIMARY DEVICE 25

5.8. UNITS SELECTION 25

5.8.1. FUNCTION 78- HEIGHT UNITS 25

5.8.2. FUNCTION 77- FLOW UNITS 26

6. OPTIONS COMMON TO TANK GAUGES AND FLOWMETERS 27

6.1. ANALOG OUTPUT SIGNALS 27

6.1.1. FUNCTION 73-ANALOG OUTPUTADJUSTMENT 27

6.1.2. FUNCTION 74- ANALOG OUTPUT SCALING 27

6.2. CONTROL RELAYS 28

6.2.1. PUMP RUN TIMES 28

6.2.2. FUNCTION 30- DEDICATED RELAYS 28

6.2.3. FUNCTION 31- DEDICATED RELAY ASSIGNMENT 29

6.2.4. FUNCTION 32 - SETTING CONTROL RELAYS 29

6.3. TOTALIZER 30

6.3.1. MAXIMUMEXPECTED FLOW 30

6.3.2. TOTALIZER MULTIPLIER 30

6.4. FUNCTION 87- SAMPLER RELAY 31

6.5. ANNUNCIATOR RELAY 31

6.6. ECHO LOST 32

6.6.1 FUNCTION 92- ECHO LOST TIMER 32

6.6.2 ECHO LOSTDEFAULT 32

7. ADVANCED FUNCTIONS 35

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7.1. FUNCTION9O-BLANKING 35

7.1.1. RINGING 35

7.1.2. DEAD ZONE 35

7.1.3. MULTIPLE REFLECTIONS 35

7.2. F 90-ENTRYOFBLANKING 35

7.2.1. DUAL HEAD SENSORS (-1D, -2D) 36

7.3. FUNCTION 86- TWO POINT CALIBRATION 37

7.4. FUNCTION 66- CHANGING ACCESS CODE 37

7.5. AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION MODE OF OPERATION 38

7.5.1. ACTIVATION OF AUTOMA TIC CALIBRATION 38

7.5.2. TARGET DISTANCE READING 38

7.5.3. BLANKING . 38

7.5.4. TRANSMIT WIDTH 38

7.5.5. TARGET DISTANCE 38

8. TROUBLESHOOTING 41

9. PROGRAM SUMMARY--UNIVERSAL TANK GAUGE/FLOWMETER 43

10. PRIMARY DEVICE SELECTION TABLES - 9140 47

11. INSTRUCTIONS FOR TABLE ENTRY 49

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1. INSTALLATION OF CONTROLLER AND TRANSDUCER

1.1. MANUAL

An installation manual is provided with each unit. Please read the installation manual completely before attempting to install the Uni-Sonic system. Success is dependent upon an initial, correct installation. If a system - particularly the transducers - is not properly installed, virtually nothing can be done, except to repeat the installation - properly.

If, after reading the manual, you still have questions about the installation, contact either the local Inventron representative or the factory Customer Services Department. The following chapters provide the installation requirements for planning purposes. A thorough understanding of the manual is recommended prior to actual field installation.

1.2. PRELIMINARY EQUIPMENT CHECK-OUT

After reading the manual, but prior to actually mounting the controller and transducer, it is good practice to become familiar with the operation of the equipment.

This enables the user to verify both controller and transducer operation, and to familiarize himself with the operation of the equipment prior to field installation. Prior to installation in the field, it is easy to verify operation, and direct any questions or problems to the factory.

The transducer should be connected to the proper terminals, as shown in the Inner Panel Wiring Diagram, found in the Drawings. Power may be applied with a line cord, terminated with spade lugs.

The controller/transducer operation can be verified by aiming the transducer at a nearby target. When this is done, it is important to aim the transducer perpendicular to the target, and maintain its position. It is suggested that some sort of stand be used, rather than holding the sensor in your hand, while doing this.

The transducer gives off a low level, audible clicking noise. The Tl00-1 and Tl00-2 transducers are somewhat louder than a ticking watch. The T100-10 transducers are significantly louder. In a high noise environment, it is sometimes easier to actually feel the sensor vibration by placing a small object against the vibrating sensor face (such as a pen, or screwdriver). There is no danger of physical damage from insertion of such a tool since the metal face is quite thick. If coatings are present care should be exercised in order to avoid damaging the coating (such as Teflon or kynar). The distance calibration, alarm settings, and other points of operation, as described in this manual, can then be verified.

This pre-check procedure is especially recommended when the equipment is mounted in a location making it difficult to work with the sensor. These include remote open channel flow monitoring locations, very high tanks, tanks with difficult-to-reach sensors, tanks with corrosive materials, hygroscopic materials where the sensor can not be removed, or pressure vessels.

By initially verifying equipment operation, the user will become familiar with the equipment, and be assured of a much more trouble-free installation and start-up.

1.3. CONTROLLER LOCATION

The controller should be mounted in a suitable location, both for ease of use, as well as a location suitable for the electrical classification of the enclosure. If mounted outdoors, or in a

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wet area, a NEMA 4 enclosure should have been specified. If mounted in an area subject to temperatures outside the range of 300 F, heating or cooling must be provided. At times both might be required.

Most Inventron units mounted outdoors are ordered with thermostatically controlled heaters (the TH option in the part number). A sunshield and/or venting will generally provide adequate cooling in all but the most severe outdoor environments. In extreme cases a fan may be required. It is particularly important to be aware of internal temperatures if the equipment is located in a power panel, where temperature may become extreme due to internal heat generation.

In most instances the location of the controller is determined by where you want the level reading displayed. For the best operation, the distance between the electronic controller and the sensors should be kept reasonably short. If the controller is located more than 500 feet from the sensors, a preamplifier on the sensor is required Generally, it is preferable, and more economical to locate the controller near the sensors, and have the output meters remotely located.

1.3.1. CONDUIT ENTRANCE

Drill or punch conduit entrance holes for the incoming power as well as the coaxial cable. Separate conduit is required for the coaxial cable. The coaxial cable must never be placed in conduit with AC power lines, or with other coaxial cables driving ultrasonic transducers unless these transducers are part of the same system (a multi-tank control unit or two or more independent units that have been synchronized - UJT connection between controllers).

After the conduit has been installed, verify that no damage has occurred to the internal wiring or components on the circuit boards. (If any evidence of physical damage is present, do not power up the unit, and consult the factory technical service personnel immediately.)

If you have multiple units being fed by the same power line and/or in close distance to each other, you may need to utilize the UJT option to overcome the possible cross talk problem among the controllers.

1.4. TRANSDUCER MOUNTING

The most critical element in the installation of the equipment is the proper mounting of the sensor. Improper mounting of the transducer accounts for a large majority of the problems with initial installations.

1.4.1. OPEN CHANNEL FLOW APPLICATION -TRANSDUCER LOCATION

When used as an ultrasonic open channel flow meter the 9140 measures the level in a primary device and then converts this level reading to flow. Since it is an echo-ranging device, it actually measures the air space between the sensor and the flowing material, and then calculates the height and flow.

Several general guidelines are given:

1. Physically adjust the sensor up or down, if necessary. A very high mounting is not recommended, since the sonic equipment is actually measuring the air space between the sensor and the level. Increasing the air space measurement will, therefore, decrease the accuracy.

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2. The transducer should be mounted at the appropriate measuring point for the primary device being used. This measurement point will be shown in the literature from the supplier of the primary device. Some of the more common flumes and their measurement points are shown later in this chapter.

3. The transducer should always be mounted as horizontally as possible in order to have the transducer aimed perpendicularly to the flow. It is also critical that the mounting be quite rigid in order to avoid a small change in transducer height. Many open channel flow meter applications involve water ranges of 4 — 12 inches. Due to these very narrow ranges, even a very small change in transducer height, due to a shift in elevation from a poor mounting would result in a significant error in the flow data.

4. All cable runs and connections should be done in such a way as to avoid submergence of the cable in water. Long term water submergence can cause cable deterioration.

1.6. TANK GAUGING APPLICATION - TRANSDUCER LOCATION

A great deal of care must be exercised in determining the transducer location. Generally, the factory or local representative will have been consulted, and any recommendations should be followed for optimum performance. The following guidelines indicate some of the thinking which should go into positioning of the sensors

1.6.1. HORIZONTAL LOCATION - SIDE WALLS

In general, it is good practice to locate the sensor away from the side walls whenever this is practical. This is particularly true for structures which have irregular interior surfaces. Th sensor should generally be mounted no closer than 1/4to 1/5 of the diameter of the bin or silo to the side wall

Mounting at this location also has the effect of averaging the levels of solids, since many materials form cones upon filling, and inverted cones upon emptying. By mounting the sensor, as shown below, the observed reading will be more representative of the level during both filling and unloading of solids.

Sensor Location -- Figure 1.1

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1.6.2. LOADING PORT

The sensor should be mounted in such a way that incoming material does not pass directly through the sound path. Otherwise some fluctuations in the readings will occur during fill operations.

1.6.3 SLOPING BOTTOMS

When solids are unloaded from bins which have sloping bottoms, it is even more important that the transducer be located away from the side wall. If the sensor is located close to a side wall, and the material is down in the cone area, there are two potential problem areas:

1. Possibility of a LOST ECHO condition, which would be so indicated on the front panel ECHO LOST indicator, due to the sound not hitting material, or

2. A multiple reflection path, giving a distance reading greater than actual. These possibilities are shown below:

Figure 1.2 Lost Echo/1 Reflections

1.6.4. VERTICAL LOCATION

The best vertical location for the sensor is one in which the sensor is mounted directly to the top of bins or silos. If the transducer is mounted on a stand-off or nozzle, multiple reflections from the nozzle could mask the signal. For liquids and slurries, the return echoes are quite strong, and this becomes less of a problem.

The following guidelines show good mounting configurations:

If a tank is filled to the top, the transducer must be mounted above the tank in a manhole or on a nozzle. Care must be taken to insure that the nozzle has a sufficient diameter for its height.

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• Measuring range 1-20 ft. 32 kHz

(1 ft. Deadband) _______

A nozzle 12” high for a measuring range up to

12 ft should be at least 8 inches in diameter. If it

is to measure over a range greater than 12 ft.. it

should have a diameter of at least 10 inches. 1-20 Ft.

Range

• Measuring range 2-10 ft, 23 kHz

(2 ft. Deadband)

The transducer nozzle should never be higher than 12” (meaning that one foot of the dead zone

will be in the tank) and its diameter should be at 15KHz least 12 inches.

• Measuring range 3-150 ft., 15 kHz (3 ft. Deadband)

This transducer should not be mounted on a 3-150 Ft.

nozzle. The transducer should be mounted with a Range

reverse flange (RF option).

Figure 1.3 Nozzle Mounting Dimensions

1.6.5. ADDITIONAL FACTORS

If the sensor is mounted above an open tank, it should be mounted as close to the top of the tank, and not some distance above. Transducers mounted through open air (such as monitoring a stream level from a bridge/walkway) are subject to having the sound waves disturbed by the air turbulence. The lower the frequency, the less of a problem this becomes. However, as a general rule of thumb, the sensor range should be cut approximately in half if the sensor is shooting through an open-air environment, and subject to wind gusts. Generally, a 23 kHz or 15 kHz transducer will provide significantly better results than a 32 kHz sensor. In all known instances, a 15 kHz transducer has worked satisfactorily in outdoor applications.

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As noted earlier, liquids and slurries provide extremely strong return signals, compared with solids. Solids present different measurement problems due to poor reflectivity, especially lightweight materials, possible dust conditions, particularly while loading, possible large acoustic noise problems, particularly while loading material falling in front of the sensor beam.

Solids can be gauged during static conditions, but will often cause difficulties while loading. As the solids get higher in a tank or bin, the echoes become stronger, and can often be monitored even while loading. However, it is generally best to utilize sonic equipment as an inventory monitor while material is not being loaded into the tank, utilizing other devices for

32 KHz

8”

32 KHz

10”

I_.230 Ft.

Range

High/low level cut-off.

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2. CONTROLLER INSTALLATION

WIRING

All wiring must be done in accordance with local code requirements. The following brief guidelines are not meant to replace these requirements, but are meant to serve as a guide to the installer.

2.1. LIGHTNING PROTECTION

Lightning protection is not standard on Inventron equipment, but is available on an individual basis. Such protection is recommended where extreme local conditions warrant lightning protection.

2.1.1. INPUT POWER LINE

The installer can utilize standard lightning protectors on the power lines in areas very prone to electrical storms and lightning damage. If there is a history of repeated failure of other field equipment due to lightning strikes at a given location, such protection should be considered.

2.1.2. COAXIAL CABLE RUN

In extreme cases, protection of the coax should also be considered. Since the recommended installation procedure involves running the coax in grounded metallic conduit, such protection is often adequate. Lightning protectors on the coaxial line must be specially designed, and the factory should be consulted. When standard protectors for AC power lines are used on the coaxial cable, they do not provide adequate protection for the sensor and controller in the event of a strike on the coaxial line.

2.2. POWER WIRING

With line power off, route power lines to enclosure. All units are internally fused, but incoming power should be provided with circuit break interrupters. Incoming power should be routed to the proper terminals (normally shown as Li and L2, as well as chassis ground). Refer to the panel wiring diagram. All drawings and diagrams specific to a given piece of equipment are shown at the end of the installation manual.

2.3. TRANSDUCER WIRING

The conduit for the coaxial cable should be run in such a way to prevent buildup of condensation inside the conduit (through layout of lines, and utilization of drain plugs where appropriate). One of the most common causes of failure of the equipment is due to coaxial cables which have deteriorated through long time submergence. Providing the conduit can drain, occasional submergence has not shown itself to be a problem.

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Normally the coaxial cable is attached to the terminals in the controller by using crimp-type terminal lugs. The coaxial cable should be routed to avoid crossing power lines. Normally the terminals are shown on the panel wiring diagram as

Transducer Coax — Shield/Center Splices in the coaxial line will not cause problems if they are watertight and a good electrical connection is made. Butt-splices or terminal strips work well. Coaxial connectors are specifically not recommended since they will often cause field problems.

Common coaxial connectors were not designed for an industrial environment. If used, it is extremely important to check the connection to make sure there is no short between the center and shield.

2.4. TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION

Most units include automatic temperature compensation directly on the coaxial cable. Occasionally separate temperature compensation leads are provided, as part of the sensor, or as a separate probe - Model RTP6 or RTP12. For maximum accuracy, since the standard unit incorporates the temperature compensation inside of the sensor, it is recommended that a sun shield be provided for exposed sensors.

For units with separate temperature compensation leads, any gauge wire will perform satisfactorily - either instrumentation type cable or normal power type field wiring. The resistance of the wire run is negligible for the cable run, and will not affect the overall performance.

Equipment provided with automatic calibration targets on the transducer sensor does not have temperature compensation. The automatic calibration targets correct for both temperature and vapor changes.

2.5. POWER UP

Prior to turning on the power, again verify that all power and transducer connections are properly made according to the INNER PANEL WIRING diagram, found in the drawings portion of the manual.

At this point, power may be turned on.

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This is a blank page.

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CHAPTER 3.

KEYBOARD LCD DISPLAY

3.1. LCD READOUT

The LCD readout serves as a continuous monitor, as well as a device for verifying that the keyboard entry of data is correct. The LCD readout consists of two (2) lines with twenty-four (24) alphanumeric characters per line.

The top line of the display provides the continuous readout of the parameters being measured (flow or tank contents).

The second line of the display provides relay status information. In the case of an open channel

flow meter, the second line also is used as a counter to indicate totaled flow.

3.1.1. OPEN CHANNEL FLOWMETER

For an open channel flow meter the display will simultaneously show the height of material, as well as the instantaneous flow (top line),

the totaled flow, and the status of the relays (bottom line).

3.1.2. TANK GAUGE

When the 9140 is in the tank gauging mode, the display will simultaneously show the height of the material (top line), as well as the quantity of material in the tank (top line), and the status of the relays (up to thirteen) (bottom line).

The LCD is extensively used for keyboard data entry. As each function is called into play, the function number can be read on the LCD readout. If correct, it is then ENTered. As DATA is keyed in, it also will be displayed on the LCD readout. After correct entry, it is then ENTered. If an entry is not correct, the Function key can be used to start over, or the Data key can be hit to re-enter data in the function on display. As we discuss the various functions, and their implementation, the method of keypad data entry will become clearer. Also, since the alphanumeric features of both lines are used when entering data, the LCD display is very helpful in prompting the data entry. More complex functions include prompts and scroll through the data entry cycle, with prompts. On this type of function it is a good idea to scroll through the entire list, and the list will automatically repeat itself. This will familiarize the user with the list and the type of information required.

3.2. KEYBOARD

it is very important to understand the keyboard use before attempting to make any calibration changes. All field programmed information is entered into static rams, with internal long-lived batteries, which will retain the calibration information in the event of a power outage, and no external battery backup is required.

The keyboard utilizes a security code (similar to the PIN numbers used in automatic teller machines) and must be in the PROGRAM mode for programming information into the unit.

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Initially, while becoming familiar with the unit, make sure that the unit is in the RUN or DISPLAY ONLY mode of operation, and the factory calibration will not be affected.

When the unit has been placed in program mode, the display will blink, indicating that new data can be programmed. After no key entry for two (2) minutes, the display will stop blinking and will return to run mode, and it would be necessary to enter the security code again to program the unit.

3.3. TYPES OF KEYBOARD FUNCTIONS

Certain functions are

READ ONLY functions, some are

WRITE ONLY, while still others are

READ/WRITE functions.

A complete list of functions is given in Appendix A at the end of the manual. In order to read existing information,

FOUR (4) steps are required.

In order to write new information,

SIX (6) steps are required.

This procedure will repeat itself over and over in the manual.

3.4. READ ONLY FUNCTIONS

For a READ ONLY function, there are four keystrokes required. In sequence, we must enter the

1. F to begin data entry cycle

2. FUNCTION NUMBER must be entered (which is found in APPENDIX A),

3. ENT key (enter key).

4. DATA request the data (from the previously entered function)

3.5. READ/WRITE FUNCTIONS

The majority of the functions are READ/WRITE functions. Data can be read back, while in the RUN mode, and entered when in the PROGRAM mode.

Examples of these READ/WRITE functions are the

1. DISTANCE CALIBRATION function (where we can read/write the distance to the level being gauged),

2. SAMPLER RELAY MULTIPLIER function (where we can read/write the sampler rate),

3. TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION function (where we can read/write the transducer temperature), and the

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4. ANALOG SCALING functions (which can be used to scale the two ends of the analog output option over the desired range).

3.5.1. PROGRAM MODE ACCESS CODE - FUNCTION 66

It is always possible to READ out information from the 9140 unit through the keypad/LCD display. However, in order to ENTER information into the computer we must first enter the password chosen. The following keystrokes are required:

1. F depress the F unction key

2. 66 function number for programming mode

3. ENT depress the ENT (enter key)

4. DATA depress the DATA key

DISPLAY WILL TELL YOU TO ENTER YOUR ACCESS CODE

5. 654321 this is the access code that is entered at the factory (to change access code see later section)

6. ENT

If the correct access code has been entered, the display will say

SYSTEM IS NOW IN PROGRAM MODE,

and will immediately begin to blink. This blinking continues as long as the unit is in the program mode. The unit will automatically leave the program mode after two minutes without a keypad entry.

3.5.2. GENERAL ENTRY OF DATA

In general, to enter data, it is necessary to use the following sequence.

1. F depress the Function key

2. YY then enter the function # which corresponds to data for entry

3. ENT depress the ENT (enter key)

At this point the display will give information regarding the function

that was entered.

4. DATA depress the DATA key to tell the computer we are entering new data (at this point the LCD display will be showing the stored data - if the data is correct,

nothing more is needed).

5. XX.XX enter the data in the proper units

6. ENT after verifying that the keyboard entry is correct, press ENT to

enter the data and cause it to be stored in memory.

Each of the functions will be covered in detail. However, it is important to remember the basic sequences given above.

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3.6. SCROLLING FUNCTIONS

Many functions have a scrolling feature, requiring multiple depressions of the DATA key in order to enter the data. It is good practice to initially scroll through these functions WITHOUT entering any data in order to become familiar with the overall scope of the function.

The relay functions - Functions 30, 31, 61, and 62 - are prime examples of this type of function. Through Function 30, e.g., the relays can be designated for special action, such as

1. TOTALIZER - for flowmeter applications (to drive remote counter)

2. SAMPLER - for flowmeter (to activate sampler on flow proportional basis)

3. ECHO LOST - indicate loss of signal (either return echo, or other input)

4. ANNUNCIATOR - to provide annunciator functions for alarm relays

5. TIME PULSE WIDTH - for telemetry of continuous level/flow signals

6. CONTROL - relays not assigned to a specific function: programmable ON/OFF

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CHAPTER 4 SPECIAL OPTIONS

SPECIAL OPTIONS

4.1. FUNCTION 391 - ANALOG INPUT

Following section applies only to those units with an analog input --

4-20 mA, 0 - 20 mA, or 0 - 5 VDC.

The ANALOG INPUT option ( -DC in the controller part number) incorporates an analog to digital (A/D ) converter to enable the 9140 to function with a wide variety of sensor/transmitters, other than ultrasonic. Many capacitance probes, pressure transducers, as well as flow monitoring sensors, have a 4 - 20 mA output, which can serve as an optional input to the 9140.

In order for the ANALOG INPUT option to be activated, F 391 must be programmed to accept an analog signal instead of the ultrasonic signal. F 391 is a scrolling function that provides the following:

F 391 ENT

DATA (1) SOFTWARE REVISION

DATA (2) SONIC/ANALOG INPUT SELECT

DATA (3) TANK/GAUGE FLOWMETER SELECT

4.1.1. SIGNAL LEVEL FOR ANALOG INPUT

It is important to make sure that the signal levels fall within the allowable range for the analog input. The limitations are as follows:

4 - 20 mA DC (must be converted to 1 - 5 VDC through a series loop resistor)

0 - 20 mA DC (must be converted to 0 - 5 VDC through a series loop resistor)

0-5VDC

Overprotection devices are incorporated on the input circuitry to limit the maximum voltage. If the above limits are exceeded, it is likely to overload the device generating the signal. For higher signal levels, a voltage divider should be used, and this should preferably be factory provided.

For programming the Analog Input Option, it is necessary to make entries for the maximum and minimum voltage signals (remembering that current signals are converted to voltage as noted above) as well as make the material level entries that correspond to these signals. The controller will then interpolate between these points for all intermediate level/volume calculations. There are two ways to enter the maximum/minimum analog levels:

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1. FUNCTION 63 may be used, and the actual voltage levels can be entered through the keypad, or

2, FUNCTION 86 may be used, which allows the microprocessor to directly calculate the maximum/minimum levels, based upon input from the transmitter/sensor.

4.1.2. FUNCTION 63- ANALOG INPUT SIGNAL ENTRY

Function 63 is a scrolling function that allows you to enter the voltage for the analog input option. Providing the sensor/transmitters being used have been calibrated, or measured, accurately, the keyboard entry of the actual signal levels will properly scale the controller.

Additionally, it is possible to enter signal limits - minimum/maximum levels for the controller to utilize to determine whether the input signal is valid. If, e.g., the transmitter can never go below 4 mA (without having failed, etc.), it would be desirable to make an entry at 0.9 VDC, or some similar level below 1.0 VDC as a fault condition. If the signal level dropped below that fault level, the unit would display a LOST SIGNAL condition, and the output signals and relays, etc., could be programmed to react similar to an ECHO LOST signal condition (see section describing FUNCTION 76). Similarly, a high level limit can be entered for the analog signal. Exceeding this limit would also trigger the action programmed in FUNCTION 76.

To utilize the keyboard entry, we would go through the following sequence:

F 63 ENT (prompt will ask for LEVEL AT MINIMUM ANALOG INPUT)

DATA (1) XXXX ENT

where XXXX is the MATERIAL LEVEL at minimum analog input prompt will ask for LEVEL AT MAXIMUM ANALOG INPUT

DATA (2) YYYY ENT

where YYYY is the MATERIAL LEVEL at maximum analog input prompt will ask for MIN ANALOG INPUT IS

DATA (3) Vmin ENT

where Vmin is input voltage at minimum material level

prompt will ask for MAX ANALOG INPUT IS _____

DATA (4) Vmax ENT

where Vmax is input voltage at maximum material level

prompt will ask for MIN INPUT VOLTAGE FOR ECHO LOST VDC

DATA (5) V ENT

where V is level lower than acceptable minimum analog input voltage prompt will ask for MAX INPUT VOLTAGE FOR ECHO LOST VDC

DATA (6) V ENT

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where V, is level higher than acceptable maximum analog input voltage

As with all scrolling functions, the display will wrap around to the first request. After viewing the data, and if it is satisfactory, the function may be exited by depressing the STATUS key.

Note that the material level may be inverted - i.e., a higher material level for the lower DC input signal - so it is important to make sure that the entry is done properly, since there is no check for inverted data.

4.1.3. FUNCTION 86- ANALOG IN PUT SIGNAL - AUTOMATIC SCALING)

As an alternative to input of numerical data (Function 63) regarding the analog input signal levels, it is possible to utilize the built-in A/D converter, and have the microprocessor calculate the limits on the analog signal. FUNCTION 86 has been designed to automatically record the input analog signal levels, even if they are not exactly 4 — 20 mA/DC, or 0 - 5 VDC, etc. It is only necessary to indicate that the analog sensor is putting out a high/low signal, and then enter the corresponding material levels for that signal. This is a two-step process:

F 86 ENT DATA (1) 1 ENT - enter only when analog is at maximum level

the display prompts the user to enter (1) when the analog signal is at the maximum level, so it is necessary to input the maximum signal before entering (1).

after entering (1), the display now prompts to “WAIT - COLLECTING DATA”

after finishing the data collection (for the max signal level), the display prompts the user to

enter (1) when the analog signal is at the minimum level, so it is necessary to input the minimum analog signal before entering the second (higher) signal

1 ENT

If the minimum signal level is not less than the maximum signal level, the display will indicate that there was an error, and the procedure will have to be repeated correctly. After the WAIT - COLLECTING DATA prompt is no longer displayed, the procedure is complete, and the STATUS key may be depressed to return to the standard display mode.

4.1.4. TRANSDUCER WIRING

The transducer wiring is shown in the Drawing Appendix of this manual. It is important to make sure that the correct transducer is wired to the corresponding input terminals per the wiring diagram.

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5. CALIBRATION OF EQUIPMENT

5.1. INITIAL CALIBRATION VERIFICATION

Normally, the factory will have completed all the steps for calibration, outlined in the two following chapters.

Please refer to the factory DATA ENTRY SHEET, which is found at the end of the manual with the drawings.

If the information is not correct, a new DATA ENTRY SHEET should be filled out prior to beginning the data entry process.

Assuming that the DATA ENTRY SHEET has the correct calibration information, the user may go directly to the DISTANCE CALIBRATION and INITIAL PRODUCT HEIGHT sections.

5.2. DISTANCE CALIBRATION - Air Space

Both the Tank Gauge and the Open Channel Flowmeter measure the distance to a target (generally through air), and then calculate the level in either the tank or in the primary flow device. If we have a liquid/solid or a liquid/liquid interface, rather than an air/liquid or air/solid interface, then the primary measurement is made through the liquid. However, since most of the equipment is “air- type” sonar, all further references to calibration distances will refer to air-space distances.

All calibration circuits are exclusively digital. A precise oscillator and timing counters are used. This provides stable calibration, not subject to thermal drift.

All units have been calibrated at the factory. Field verification of the calibration, as well as field touch up of the calibration, can easily be accomplished through the keyboard entry.

5.3. AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION - TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION

The equipment may have one of two modes for temperature compensation. A built-in reference target on the transducer may be used when volatile materials are being gauged. In this case the microprocessor controller alternately reads the target distance, and then the distance to the material being gauged. If a reference target transducer is present with the equipment, the electronics must be put in AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION MODE - Function # 67.

CAUTION: If there is no built-in reference target on the transducer, activation of the auto-cal function can result in corruption of calibration data. When in doubt, first absolutely verify that the transducer is equipped with an auto-cal target assembly, and has been built for such use. The transducer should have an AC (Automatic Calibration) near the end of the model number. Such automatic calibration target is typically a minimum of 14 - 24 inches long, extending past the sensor assembly. Again, under no circumstances should the auto-cal function be activated unless there is no doubt as to its necessity. The factory will always activate this function for all auto-cal units.

Calibration procedures described below are similar for both modes of operation. However, since the automatic calibration target assembly on the transducer is designed to compensate for

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both VAPOR COMPOSITION, as well as TEMPERATURE changes, there is no temperature data entry for auto-cal operation.

The 9140 unit has been designed to work with both positive and negative temperature compensation transducers, as well as to work with separate temperature probes. The separate temperature probes are sold by Inventron - Models RTP6 & RTP12 - and they have negative temperature coefficients. (The only air-transmission Inventron transducers that have positive temperature coefficients have a - WF in the part number, and they have been sold only as replacement transducers since 1986 or were part of flow metering systems purchased prior to 1986.)

NOTE

It is not essential that the air temperature be precise, since the whole curve shifts up and down with variations in the air temperature. It is only important that the air temperature measurement (or liquid temperature measurement - in the case of a submerged transducer) be done prior to the distance calibration. The temperature entry is done at the factory, and should normally not be required in the field. It is accomplished with Functions 82 and 93 (see Appendix) if it needs to be done.

5.4. FUNCTION 84- DISTANCE CALIBRATION

The sonic system continuously measures the distance from the end of the transducer (the surface nearest the target) to the material being monitored. When entering new DISTANCE CALIBRATION information, the measurements must be made very accurately. The total system performance is dependent upon this measurement.

All units have been carefully calibrated at the factory. In the vast majority of applications, the factory settings will be adequate. If field re-calibration is done, it is impossible to overemphasize two facts.

1. The distance measurements must be done to as high a degree of accuracy as possible. For example, when entering distance measurements in feet, the entry is made as xx.xx, or hundredths of a foot. When entering distance measurements in inches, the entry is made as xxx.x, or tenths of an inch. To the extent that there is any error in the data entry, there will be an error in the calibration.

2. It is essential to make sure that we are truly looking at the desired target. In the event that there are possible interfering surfaces (such as multiple nearby pumps in a wet-well) it is essential to verify that the equipment is not locking onto a false echo. If no scope is used, it is often better to remove the sensor from the suspect location, and aim it at a well defined surface, such as a wall.

To verify the distance calibration, we would go through the following sequence:

1. F

2. 84 function # to read distance to material

3. ENT to enter function #

4. DATA to read data in function 84

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If the data is equal to the field-measured air-space reading, the calibration is correct, and nothing need be done for the Distance Calibration. If the reading is different from the field-measured distance, it is important to verify, with certainty, that the field-measured distance is correct before entering the data. More than half of the field re-calibrations done at startup are done incorrectly, resulting in hours of lost time to recover lost calibration data.

If the product height is continuously varying, and the factory calibration appears correct, it is probably best to leave the factory settings intact. If it is necessary to enter new data, while in the PROG mode, we would

5. XX.XX enter the verified field-measured distance

6. ENTdepress ENT to enter data into computer

5.5. FUNCTION 88- ZERO DISTANCE REFERENCE

The ZERO DISTANCE REFERENCE is defined as the distance from the end of the transducer horn to the zero point. This reference distance may be entered directly by using Function 88. For front flange transducers, the horn ends at the face of the flange, so the flange may be used as the reference point. For reverse flange, or extension tube transducers, the horn is in front of the flange, and is the furthermost end. This end must then be used for the reference point for these transducers.

The F88 entry also determines the number of decimal places that will be displayed on the readout. If the zero distance is entered as feet and tenths, then the readout will be feet and tenths of a foot (XX.X); if feet and hundredths of a foot, then the readout will display feet and hundredths (XX.XX).

To read/write the ZERO DISTANCE REFERENCE, use the following sequence:

1. F

2. 88 88 is the zero distance reference function

3. ENT

4. DATA at this point the LCD display will read the stored ZERO DISTANCE.

If this number corresponds to the distance from the end of the transducer horn to the ZERO REFERENCE point, nothing more needs to be done. If incorrect, with the unit in the program mode, continue:

5. XX.XX key in the zerodistance

(inches: XXX.X)

(feet: XX.XX)

(cm: XXX.X)

6. ENT

Again, we must emphasize that the zero distance must be entered as accurately as possible. All conversions use this number. The final readout will only display the number of decimals used in the zero distance entry.

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After the DISTANCE CALIBRATION (air space reading) and the ZERO DISTANCE entries have been made or verified, the unit should then correctly indicate the correct material LEVEL. If the reading is not correct, either the DISTANCE CALIBRATION or the ZERO DISTANCE entry is incorrect.

The procedure for activation of the Automatic Calibration mode of operation is given in the chapter on Advanced Functions.

5.6. HEIGHT TO VOLUME CONVERSION

There are two standard height/volume conversions built into the microprocessor memory. One is a

linear function F 81 and the second is a cylindrical tank conversion F 80.

5.6.1. Cylindrical TankNolume

The microprocessor will always pick the vertical tank conversion as a default mode of operation, unless the cylindrical tank conversion has been “turned on” by entering a 1 in the data entry for Function 80.

To choose the cylindrical tank mode we would

1. F

2. 80 cylindrical tank function

3. ENT

4. DATA

5. 1 1 = cylindrical tank

0 0 = vertical tank

6. ENT

The tank conversion data for a cylindrical tank is programmed at the factory using previously supplied data from the user.

5.6.2. Vertical Tank Volume

In order to utilize a linear conversion factor, we must first assure that Function 80 has a 0 for the data entry.

5.6.3. Maximum Volume and Maximum Height/Diameter Entry

When the volume reading is required, it is necessary to enter the maximum volume and height (or diameter for a cylindrical tank) which corresponds to that volume reading. This must be expressed in the same units as our display. As an example, if we are using inches for our height units, and gallons for our volume units we would have to enter the

TOTAL GALLONS IN THE TANK

HEIGHT AT THAT NUMBER OF GALLONS (OR DIAMETER FOR A CYLINDRICAL TANK).

This entry would be done as follows:

1. F

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2. 81

3. ENT

4. DATA

5. XXX.X TOTAL GALLONS

6. ENT and then we must enter Function 79

7. F

8. 79

9. ENT

10. DATA

11. XX.X tank height at maximum volume, or tank diameter for a horizontal, cylindrical tank.

12. ENT

5.7. OPEN CHANNEL FLOW - PRIMARY DEVICE/UNITS SELECTION

Prior to attempting any programming, make sure that

• you completely and thoroughly understand the keyboard operation,

• you have verified that the current settings are wrong, and

• it is necessary to make changes.

5.7.1. PRIMARY DEVICE

The first thing to do is to enter (or verify) that the primary device has been properly entered. Appendix B gives a list of the pre-programmed primary devices, and their code numbers. In order to verify the type of primary device that has been factory entered, the following sequence is used (the unit is in the RUN mode - not in program mode, viz., display is NOT blinking):

1. F

2. 80 primary device selection circuit #

3. ENT

4. DATA unit will display the data (the number corresponding to the primary device. It is necessary to look up the primary device number in Appendix B to verify what device is being used). If the primary device is correct, nothing needs to be done. If the primary device needs to be changed, it is necessary to enter the program mode via Function 66, if the unit is not currently in the program ode. After placing the unit in the program mode, it is necessary to re-enter Function 80 (four steps immediately above), and then continue

5. XX via the numeric keypad, enter the proper primary device # (obtained from Apendix B)

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6. ENT after verifying that the correct primary device has now been chosen, ddepress the ENT key. If an attempt is made to program data without having

entered the program mode, the display will indicate NOT IN PROGRAM MODE.

5.7.1.1. WIDTH OF THE PRIMARY DEVICE

If the primary device is either a Parshall Flume greater than 1 foot, or any size of rectangular weir, it is also necessary to verify that the size of the device has been properly entered (again, this will normally have been properly set at the factory). The display routine will help in prompting the proper entry of the width/size information.

We will provide two examples of an entry which require, not only device selection, but also width entry:

A. 18 INCH PARSHALL FLUME

1. SELECT PRIMARY DEVICE:

F 80 ENT DATA 13 ENT

2. ENTER WIDTH (IN FEET)

F 79 ENT DATA 1.5 ENT

B. 42 INCH RECTANGULAR WEIR WITHOUT END CONTRACTIONS

1. SELECT PRIMARY DEVICE;

F 80 ENT DATA 20 ENT

2. ENTER WIDTH (IN FEET)

F 79 ENT DATA 3.5 ENT

Note: As shown, all widths must be converted to FEET for entry in the WIDTH SELECT Function. This is true no matter what units are used on the LCD Display.

5.8. UNITS SELECTION

The 9140 is programmable over a wide choice of units - both metric and EnglishfLJSA standard units. After the proper primary device has been selected, it is important to select proper units. (Again, before beginning this process, check the factory calibration. If proper data was given at the time the order was placed, the unit will be pre-calibrated with the desired units).

A wide variety of both English and Metric units is available.

5.8.1. Function 78 - HEIGHT UNITS

Function 78 is used to enter height units. Repeatedly depressing the data key in program mode will

allow the user to choose between a wide variety of English and Metric Units.

1. F

2. 78 78 = function for height units

3. ENT

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4. DATA to see current selection of height units and/or scroll through the

units available.

5. X X - to select desired height units

6. ENT

5.8.2. Function 77 - FLOW UNITS

1. F

2. 77

3. ENT

4. DATA to read current data - and/or scroll through flow units selection.

If the volume units are not correct, with the unit in the PROG mode, repeat steps 1 - 4 (scroll

through the units selection in step 4, followed by steps 5 and 6)

5. X enter X, as directed by prompt, for flow units desired

6. ENT strike the ENT key to enter the data

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CHAPTER 6.

OPTIONS COMMON TO TANK GAUGES AND FLOWMETERS

6.1. ANALOG OUTPUT SIGNALS

There are two (2) optional analog outputs which are available - 0 - 10 S/DC and 4 - 20 MA. Although the calibration of the equipment is digital, at times it is desirable to run remote analog equipment, such as recorders or controllers. Both a voltage and a current signal are available as options. These are optically isolated from both the digital circuitry, as well as incoming power. The analog outputs may be scaled over either HEIGHT or VOLUME.

Generally, the analog output is scaled over the same range as the maximum volume or height of the tank, or the maximum flow in an open channel flow meter. Occasionally, however, it is desirable to have the analog output be scaled over some other range. The analog signals may be scaled over any portion of the range, and there will be no effect on the digital (LCD) display nor on other functions such as the totalization. Additionally, it is possible to force the analog output to values corresponding to 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of full range (useful for calibrating remote devices).

6.11. FUNCTION 73-ANALOG OUTPUT ADJUSTMENT

Function 73 is a scrolling function, with the capability to fine tune the high and low ends of the analog output signals. This does not affect the scaling over the volume units, but merely is a method to fine tune the actual current/voltage outputs. It is necessary to attach an accurate, digital multimeter to the output to calibrate the analog output accurately (alternately, if the analog output will be used with a recorder or controller, the adjustment may be made with the actual recorder or controller attached, and adjusting for full scale). Note that the factory setting for the analog output is made within approximately 0.25% of the reading, so that any field changes should be small, if any. With a digital meter attached to the analog output terminals, we would enter

F 73 ENTER

DATA (1) - LOW END ANALOG OUTPUT (4 MA) CIRCUIT ON/OFF

DATA (2) - HIGH END ANALOG OUTPUT (20 MA) CIRCUIT ON/OFF CIRCUIT ON - TO INCREASE OUTPUT CIRCUIT OFF - TO DECREASE OUTPUT.}

6.1.2. FUNCTION 74-ANALOG OUTPUT SCALING

Normally the low end of the analog output ( 0 volts for the voltage output, and 4 MA for the current output) is scaled the same as 0 on the output device (such as a meter or recorder). To scale the two ends of the analog output, we use Function 74.

FUNCTION 74 ENTER

DATA (1) - ENTER VOLUME VALUE FOR LOW ANALOG (4 MA)

DATA (2) - ENTER VOLUME VALUE FOR HIGH ANALOG (20 MA)

Note that the actual MA output does not switch from low to high while entering in function 74.

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However, upon the next update of the reading, the MA output will be properly scaled according tothe data entered in Function 74.

6.2. CONTROL RELAYS

When five (5) or less relays are required, all of the control relays are mounted on the main board. If more than five relays are present, relay expansion module, with an either four (4) or eight (8) relays, is available. This provides a maximum relay count of 13 relays.

Since the relays are often used quite differently for tank gauging, and for open channel flowmeters, it is important to understand the following sections. When used for controls or alarms each relay has independent “ON” and “OFF” points, set by the CIRCUIT ON and CIRCUIT OFF keys.

6.2.1. PUMP RUN TIMES

In addition to the many programmable features described below, the accumulated ON time for each relay is available, a feature useful in many pump control applications.

This run time may be reset when pumps are serviced or changed, so that it is pOssible to maintain accurate records for each pump. The display of the ON times are obtained after calling up each relay, through multiple depressions of the DATA KEY, as follows:

CIRCUIT # 1 ENTER

DATA (1) TIME DELAY FOR RELAY # 1

DATA (2) TIES RELAY #1 TO THE ANNUNCIATOR RELAY/YES OR NO

DATA (3) RELAY RUNNING TIME (generally used to monitor

pump run times)

DATA (4) RELAY ON TIME (to reset to zero, depress 1 must be in

program mode.)

6.2.2. FUNCTION 30- DEDICATED RELAYS

In addition to programming the relays for on/off type functions, it is possible to dedicate certain relays to special functions, such as an ECHO LOST relay, or an ANNUNCIATOR RELAY, and, in the case of a controller being used for open channel flow - SAMPLER and TOTALIZER relays.

The dedication of these relays is done with Function 30 - a scrolling function:

FUNCTION 30 ENTER

DATA (1) - TOTAL number of relays in the system (1 through 13)

DATA (2) - TOTALIZER relay enable (flow meter only)

DATA (3) - SAMPLER relay enable (flow meter only)

DATA (4) - ECHO LOST relay enable (flow/tank systems)

DATA (5) - ANNUNCIATOR relay enable (flow/tank systems)

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DATA (6) - PULSE WIDTH relay enable/disable (flow/tank)

The LCD display will lead the user through the above settings. As always with a scrolling function, it is recommended to initially scroll through the various questions by repeatedly depressing the DATA KEY to familiarize oneself with the function, and then begin to enter information.

6.2.3. FUNCTION 31 - DEDICATED RELAY ASSIGNMENT

Upon completion of the data entry in Function 30 (described immediately above) the 9140 unit then assigns the relay numbers to the dedicated relays. Note that this is a READ ONLY function, and it is not possible to change the assignment. Hence it is extremely important that the proper data be entered into Function 30 prior to assignment and wiring of the relays that are to be used for controls and/or alarms. It is strongly recommended that the information from Function 31 be recorded prior to wiring the relays

Function 31 is also a scrolling function:

FUNCTION 31 ENTER

DATA (1) gives number of relays available for alarms/control functions (this is equal to total number of relays minus those that have been dedicated to a specific function)

DATA (2) TOTALIZER output relay number is always #4 if a totalizer (mechanical counter on the unit) is present.

DATA (3) SAMPLER relay number (next highest number relay not dedicated)

DATA (4) ECHO LOST relay number (next highest number relay not dedicated)

DATA (5) ANNUNCIATOR relay number (next highest number relay not dedicated)

DATA (6) PULSE WIDTH relay number (next highest number relay not dedicated)

Note that it is possible to prepare wiring diagrams, etc., in advance providing that the total number of dedicated relays (if any) is known. In general, all control/alarm functions should be done starting with relay # 1 since the dedicated relays start with the highest number and work backwards towards Relay #1.

6.2.4. FUNCTIONS I - 13, SETTING CONTROL RELAYS

When used for control or alarm functions, the relays 1 - 13 have separate CIRCUIT numbers

CIRCUIT #1 RELAY # 1

CIRCUIT #2 RELAY # 2, similarly through 13

Each of these functions is a scrolling function, utilizing the DATA key, as well as the CIRCUIT ON/CIRCUIT OFF keys. The display will interrogate the user as these keys are pressed.

CIRCUIT # 1 ENTER

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DATA (1) TIME DELAY FOR RELAY # 1

DATA (2) TIES # 1 RELAY TO ANNUNCIATOR RELAY/YES OR NO

DATA (3) RELAY RUNNING TIME (generally used to monitor pump run times)

DATA (4) RELAY ON TIME (to reset to zero, depress 1 — the unit must be in program mode for this function to activate)

CIRCUIT ON ON SETTING FOR RELAY

CIRCUIT OFF OFF SETTING FOR RELAY

This sequence would be repeated for each control relay, starting with Circuit #2, Circuit #3, etc., up to the maximum number of control relays available.

Since both NO and NC contacts are available, it is possible to utilize the relays in a fail safe fashion for either pump-up or pump-down operation through proper programming of the ON/OFF points, as well as wiring across the correct contacts.

6.3. TOTALIZER

When used as a flowmeter, the 9140 continuously updates the totaled flow on the second line of the LCD readout. The totaled flow is a multiple of the LCD readout, and this multiple is determined automatically by the microprocessor. After entry of the maximum expected flow (as described in the following section), the unit adjusts the totalizer multiplier so that the totalizer reading would be updated approximately every 1- 10 seconds at maximum flow. This rate was chosen so that relay outputs for the totalizer, as well as any mechanical counter that may be used to indicate the would turn over at a reasonable rate (approximately every 1 - 10 seconds at maximum flow).

6.3.1. MAXIMUM EXPECTED FLOW

As stated above, it is necessary to enter the maximum expected flow (in the previously chosen units). To do this, the following sequence is used:

1. F

2. 81 to call up the maximum expected flow function

3. ENT to cause function 81 to be entered

4. DATA to read out current maximum expected flow

As per our previous pattern, if the readout is correct, nothing more need be done.

If the maximum expected flow readout needs to be changed, follow steps 5 and 6

5. XXXXto key in the maximum expected flow in the proper units,

6. ENT to cause the maximum expected flow data to be entered

When entering the maximum expected flow, take care to enter the decimal point desired since the display utilizes the decimal point entry of the maximum expected flow in the display.

6.3.2. TOTALIZER MULTIPLIER

As indicated above, the LCD readout of the totaled flow must be multiplied by a factor, such as 1, 10, 100, 1000, etc. This factor depends upon the MAXIMUM EXPECTED FLOW, and is

30


automatically computed by the flowmeter. The multiplier factor is calculated so that the totaled flow can easily be displayed on a remote mechanical totalizer (if desired). As explained earlier, the totalizer module is set so that at the MAXIMUM EXPECTED FLOW, the totalizer would count at an interval in the range of every 1 - 10 seconds. To determine the actual multiplier, we would READ function # 75. This is done as follows:

F 75 ENT DATA

We have previously explained the significance of each step. Note that this is a READ ONLY function. If a different totalizer multiplier is desired, the user can enter in a MAXIMUM EXPECTED FLOW which is higher or lower than actual. This will change the multiplier, and affect nothing else. Note that the rate could become too fast for the integrator relay or remote mechanical counter to react properly if a MAXIMUM EXPECTED FLOW is entered which is significantly lower than actual.

6.4. FUNCTION 87- SAMPLER RELAY

The sampler relay provides a SPDT contact closure for activating a remote sampler on a flow proportional basis. This sampler may be programmed to activate at any multiple of the totalizer. If, as an example, the totalizer is counting every 1000 gallons, the sampler could pull a sample at any multiple of 1000 gallons. For most applications, samples are pulled so that approximately 2 samples/hour are made. Most sampling is made in accordance with local regulatory requirements, which should be checked prior to setting the sampling multiplier. To set the multiplier, we would go through the following sequence (with the equipment in the PROG mode):

1. F

2. 87

3. ENT

4. DATA

As explained previously, at this point the currently held DATA - the sampling multiplier - may be read out on the LCD readout. If correct, nothing more need be done. If the user wants to change the sampling rate, a new value should be entered:

5. XXXXsampling multiplier desired (multiplier of the totalizer)

6. ENT

For example, if our Totalizer Multiplier is gallons x 1000 (obtained from reading Function 75), and we wanted to pull a sample every 20,000 gallons, we would enter 20 in Function 87.

6.5. ANNUNCIATOR RELAY

The annunciator relay can be used to drive an audible alarm when any CONTROL RELAY becomes activated, Its operation in no way affects the corresponding control relays. The relay is re set by pushing the SILENCE key. This would silence any audible alarm tied to the relay. Subsequently, if any of the relays to which the annunciator has been tied go to an alarm condition, the alarm will again sound. The scrolling FUNCTION 30 allows the annunciator to be enabled/disabled. The entry is menu driven.

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6.6. ECHO LOST

The microprocessor continuously monitors the return echo. When it has determined that the return echo can not be processed, the LCD display will display

ECHO LOST, in upper right hand corner,

which indicates that not enough return echoes are being processed to update the output each time. This validation is a continuing process. The automatic gain control circuitry continuously adjusts the overall receiver gain so that, under control conditions, the strength of the amplified return echo signal is just marginally higher than required to trigger the unit. This means that occasional echoes will be lost due to varying conditions such as air turbulence or fluctuations iii signal amplitude caused by surface movement resulting in some loss of return echoes. This is indicative that the AGC circuit is working properly, and that all of the signal processing circuitry is working at the minimum sensitivity required to process signals. A higher GAIN setting on the input potentiometer would generally eliminate this occasional loss of echo, but this is not recommended, in general. A higher than necessary gain setting can reduce sensitivity and accuracy.

6.6.1. FUNCTION 92- ECHO LOST TIMER

The microprocessor has an echo lost timing delay circuit, which allows the user to program the time for which an echo must be lost before

1. ECHO LOST will be displayed on the LCD meter, and

2. the level or flow output will go to maximum, minimum, or remain the same (see later paragraph describing Function 76).

The time for the ECHO LOST TIMER is entered in seconds, and can range from 1 to 255 seconds. Normally, times shorter than 5 - 10 seconds should not be entered. However, if the echo lost persists for more than a couple of minutes, it will generally indicate either a transducer or controller malfunction, and should be investigated.

To enter the time for the ECHO LOST TIMER, use the following sequence

1. F

2. 92

3. ENT

4. DATA

5. XXX time in seconds

6. ENT

6.6.2. ECHO LOST DEFAULT

When the ECHO LOST TIMER times out (ELOS indicator on LCD display), the electronics can be programmed to react in several ways:

FUNCTION DATA VALUE ACTION

76 0 output goes to minimum

76 1 output remains the same

76 2 output goes to maximum

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As an example, if one were utilizing a control relay (CR) circuit to pump down a wet well, it might be desirable to cause the reading to go to minimum, thereby shutting off the pump if an echo lost ELOS is present. This would be programmed as follows: *

1. F

2. 76

3. ENT

4. DATA

5. 0 to cause reading to go to minimum level

6. ENT

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CHAPTER 7. ADVANCED FUNCTIONS

ADVANCED FUNCTIONS

This chapter discusses functions and settings which are made at the factory, and which normally do not require field adjustment. They are presented for use in servicing equipment, and not for initial startup. Certain flow conditions, as well as the installation of spare circuit boards, may also require use of these functions.

Prior to employing these functions, the user should be quite familiar with the equipment and its operation. If difficulties are experienced with any phase of its operation, the factory or an authorized representative should be consulted prior to performing these entries.

7.1. FUNCTION 90- BLANKING

7.1.1. RINGING

All sonic transducers ring after transmitting a pulse. This is analogous to the vibration of a bell which continues after the bell is struck. The sensors in the transducers are dampened to minimize the ringing. However, even with such dampening, some ringing is present. The return sound wave (echo) causes the sensor to vibrate slightly. A return signal which occurs during the ringing could not be distinguished from the ringing. Since the sensor is already vibrating (immediately after transmission) the sensor can not distinguish the small additional vibration caused by an echo.

In the examples given below, for the sake of simplicity, all discussions are given using feet. If the unit is reading out in inches or centimeters, the appropriate blanking distances should be converted to those units and entered accordingly.

7.1.2. DEAD ZONE

Due to ringing all sonic transducers possess a certain DEAD ZONE which varies from 1 - 3 feet depending upon the frequency of the transducer. As discussed in the next paragraph, the sensor should be mounted in such a way that the material being measured never enters this DEAD ZONE.

7.1.3. MULTIPLE REFLECTIONS

If the material enters the dead zone, the first reflection from the material will occur during the ringing of the transducer, and will not be distinguished. The echoes from very close targets are quite strong and a multiple echo will occur. A problem can then arise if the unit triggers on a second or third echo. This is the reason why care should be taken to avoid getting material within the transducer dead zone.

7.2. F90 - ENTRY OF BLANKING

The controller is turned off during the “ringing” period (described above), as well as after a time interval has passed that corresponds to the maximum distance. By establishing a “window” for the received signals, we are insuring immunity from random noise that does not fall within this “window.”

Function 90 has two entries - a near distance and a far distance. The near distance can never be shorter than the published minimum range for the transducer supplied with the system. The far

35


distance should normally be set at least 20% beyond the actual maximum distance In cases of materials with very high vapor density (solvents, etc) this far distance should be set for 30 - 40% beyond the actual maximum distance.

As explained earlier, all calibration distances are measured from the end of the HORN to the material being measured. The blanking distances are, therefore, measured from the end of the horn. On a front flange unit this is the same as the face of the flange. On a reverse flange, or extension tube unit, or other unit without a flange, it would be the furthermost projection of the horn.

The short range blanking is normally set so that the receiver is turned off for the total ringing time, and this is commonly called the transducer DEAD ZONE. The lower frequencies have a longer blanking distance:

FREQUENCY BLANKING DISTANCE

32 kHz, 48 kHz (T100-1) 1.0 foot (12 inches, 30.5 cm)

23 kHz (T100-2) 2.0 feet (24 inches, 71.0 cm)

15 kHz (T100-10) 3.0 feet (36 inches, 101.5 cm)

7.2.1. DUAL HEAD SENSORS (ID, 2D)

A dual head sensor (separate transmitter and receiver) does not have a problem with the ringing, since a separate sensor does the receiving. These sensors do have a minimum distance, but this is determined from geometrical considerations - the sonic beam must spread enough for the sound emitted from the transmitter to reflect back into the receiver assembly.

It is difficult to give exact figures for these sensors, especially the field mounted separate sensors, since the distance between the sensors will affect the minimum distance. The minimum distance can be shortened by angling the sensors slightly toward each other. Too large an angle, however, may cause the return signal to be lost at large distances. Before angling a pair of dual sensors, consult the factory, or verify that the return echo is still good at the maximum range.

The approximate blanking distances for the dual sensors are:

32 kHz (T100-1D) 0.3 foot (4 inches, 7.6 cm)

23 kHz (T100-2D) 0.5 foot (6 inches, 12.5 cm)

The above distances are the minimum distances for the blanking. At times a longer blanking might be required due to

• poor mounting (generally a nozzle) which causes reflections - which can be interpreted as echoes, or

• a transducer which has deteriorated, and has increased ringing.

Note: The symptom, in both of these cases, would be a unit which intermittently, or continuously, goes to high readings.

The blanking distances must be entered in the distance units which are currently displayed on the LCD readout. The data entry is done as follows:

1. F

2. 90 90 is the blanking function

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3. ENT

4. DATA

5. X.X blanking distance in feet, inches, or centimeters,

6. ENT

The controller will accept a blanking entry which is less than the above-referenced minimum distances, but there is a high likelihood that the unit will lock up on the ringing and display a high level reading. As mentioned earlier, the blanking MUST be entered in the units which are being used, as shown by the LCD display. Conversions to inches or centimeters would be made, and the appropriate blanking distances entered in the proper units.

7.3. FUNCTION 86- TWO POINT CALIBRATION

The two point calibration is normally performed at the factory and need not be repeated in the field. The calibration is done with a target (or level in the flume/weir) which is near the maximum air space reading, and then with a target (or level in the flume/weir) which is near-the minimum air space reading.

Function 86 is a scrolling function, and the display will prompt you through the calibration. Note that it is required to enter a near and far distance (which is often quite difficult to do with accuracy in a field situation). Generally this function should not be done in the field. If done incorrectly, the equipment would in all likelihood need to be returned to the factory for a non-warranty re calibration.

Data entry would be as follows:

F 86 DATA XXXXENT

equipment prompts for far distance calibration entry, after collecting data, equipment prompts for near distance calibration entry.

Again, since this procedure is done at the factory, it should normally not be repeated in the field. Note that all distances must be in the units chosen (as indicated on the display). If the distance measurements are not done with high accuracy, the calibration will be in error.

7.4. Function 66 - Changing Access Code

It is always possible to change the access code in the field. The unit will accept any access code up to six digits. For ease of use, the initial access code on all units is set at 654321, as described earlier in this manual.

To change the access code, Function 66 must be entered, but instead of entering the factory programmed access code (654321), it is necessary to enter in a master code.

To enter the master code, you should

1. F

2. ENT

3. 66

4. DATA

5. XXXXXX the master code,

6. ENT Unit will now allow entry of new access code.

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7. YYYYYY which is user selected identification code (up to 6 digits)

7.5. AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION MODE OF OPERATION

The function to activate the automatic calibration mode of operation is a scrolling function. Again as stated previously DO NOT activate the function unless you are certain that the transducer has an automatic calibration target, and has been so calibrated at the factory. The scrolling function has seven (7) steps, and can be followed by attention to the LCD display.

7.5.1. ACTIVATION OF AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION

The controller is put into the automatic calibration mode of operation through the use of Function 67:

F 67 ENT DATA(1) 1-Enable / 0-Disable

7.5.2. TARGET DISTANCE READING

If the unit is in an automatic calibration mode (target assembly present, and Function 67 has DATA(1) entry of 1, showing that the auto-cal has been activated) then the next DATA entry will show the calculated distance to the automatic calibration target. The unit calculates this distance in the process of doing a two (2) point calibration, and no attempt should be made to enter this data manually.

F 67 ENT DATA(2) Auto Cal Target Distance

7.5.3. BLANKING

The blanking function switches between two different readings depending upon whether the unit is reading the calibration target, or the actual level. The blanking distances for the auto cal target readings are entered through Function 67, DATA (3) and DATA(4):

F 67 ENT DATA(3) Near Blanking Distance

DATA(4) Far Blanking Distance

The near blanking distance is set shorter than the blanking distance that is used when viewing the level in the tank. The far blanking distance is set just beyond the target distance, so that the controller will lock and trigger on the target assembly, and not the level in the tank.

7.5 TRANSMIT WIDTH

The transmit width also is adjustable for viewing the target signal, and this value can be read with Function 67

F 67 ENT DATA (5)

7.5 TARGET DISTANCE

The calculated target distance is read with Function 67, as follows

F 67 ENT DATA (6)

Note that this distance is only approximately equal to the target distance as physically measured due to the fact that the sensor is recessed (on most transducers) and there is a time

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delay in the triggering of the return echo which makes the target distance appear slightly greater than when physically measured. For this reason it is important that the target distance reading be derived by the unit, and not through the keypad

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This page is intentionally blank.

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CHAPTER 8. TROUBLESHOOTING

TROUBLESHOOTING

This section is provided to aid in field troubleshooting of the unit. The majority of the material in this section will not require an oscilloscope, just common sense.

If problems are experienced, and the unit worked properly during the preliminary check-out described in the introductory chapter (Chapter 2), before proceeding, inspect for obvious problems, such as a blown fuse, improper connections in the controller, lack of mains power to the unit.

To be useful, the troubleshooting section is grouped in several major areas with probable cause and remedy sections following. Try to match your problem as closely as possible, the look through some of the possible causes. If you still have difficulties, consult the factory for additional help.

All systems are thoroughly checked and burned in at the factory.

In the event of difficulty, it is best to check the obvious field problems - improper wiring and/or improper transducer mounting.

TROUBLE PROBABLE CAUSE/REMEDY

1. Unit doesn’t function. 1. No power to unit.

a. Power wiring to incorrect terminals.

b. Equipment fuse is blown.

2. Power indicator on, but ECHO LOST.

a. Sensors not properly wired.

b. Gain setting too low. Increase gain.

c. With solids - high angle of repose, with very lightweight materials. Unit will indicate level under other tank conditions. Increase gain if not at maximum.

3. Power on, but meter reads “full”

a. NEAR BLANKING is set too short. Unit may be locking on sensor ringing -- increase NEAR BLANKING distance.

b. Pipe or nozzle mounting - standoff may be too long, or rough at end (weldment flashing, etc.) Any weldment or roughness must be eliminated. Nozzles should be shortened or the diameter made larger. Increase blanking if it does not interfere with maximum reading.

c. Blocked transducer - debris in horn, or bracket or gasket blocking horn opening. Remove debris or other obstruction.

4. Unit unstable during operations,

a. High air turbulence(especially during fill operations with solids)

over the range readings occur -- or dust, resulting in lost echoes. Sensor may

need relocation and it may never work during fill operations with solids.

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b. Electrical noise - incoming power may be “dirty”, or coax mixed with power leads. Coax must be separate from power leads. Dirty incoming power may need to be cleaned up with a power filter or isolation transformer.

c. Coaxial cable may be in waterlogged conduit, resulting noisy return echo. At times this “cures” itself when coax dries out. Conduit run must be kept dry. With wet conduit, eventual failure is certain.

5. Unit insensitive at high levels.

a. Improper near blanking(too long) causes receiver to may keep reading lower level at the electrically blank out echoes from high levels -- Decrease blanking.

b. Unit reads properly, but at high levels the controller reads much lower. This happens if the controller loses the first echo, and then trigger on second round trip echo from material. Raise transducer or decrease blanking.

6. Echo Lost indication

a. Coaxial cable broken, or bad connection.

b. Bad Transducer.

Note: For both 1 & 2, make sure that the transducer is “clicking.” At the controller it is possible to check continuity by looking at Function 83. If the cable is shorted Function 83 will show 0 VDC, if the cable is open, then Function 83 will show 5 VDC.

c. Transmit or receiver electronics malfunctioning.

d. Echo Lost Timer set too short. Increase time.

Unit usually reads properly, but at times goes to echo 1ost indication. This may be caused by intermittent electrical goes to low readings. (Due to the time-varied-gain circuitry this electrical noise is amplified more at the end of the received time cycle, resulting in false triggering at the end of the receiver cycle.

Erratic Readings

a. gives erratic readings when no 1oading. Surface being measured may not be horizontal.

b. No material present – Readings may go high or low resulting from echoes being bounced back from the tank sidewalls, when no level is present. angle. Align bottom surface, or install horizontal reference target to tank, directly below the sensor – this may be approximately 18 x 18 inches.

c. Multiple controllers are present. The controllers must be synchronized so that all transmit and read at the same time. If the multiple controllers transmit randomly, when one is transmitting, and the other is receiving, the receiving controller may have cross talk from the transmitting controller. If t he problem goes away when one or the other controller is turned off, then you can be sure that this is the problem. Consult factory. UJT synchronization is required.

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CHAPTER 9. PROGRAM SUMMARY--UNIVERSAL TANK GAUGE/FLOWMETER

GENERAL

FORMAT - FUNCTION # ENT DATA XX.XX ENT

Relays 1 - 12 Circuit # ENT DATA(1) On Delay time

DATA(2) Off Delay time

DATA(3) Relay on time

CIRCUIT ON – Relay on Setting

CIRCUIT OFF – Relay off Setting

Total # Relays

F 30 ENT DATA(1) # Of relays ENT

DATA(2) Totalizer present (for flowmeters)

DATA(3) Sampler(for flowmeters)

DATA(4) Echo lost

Relay Status

F 31 ENT DATA(1) Available # of control relays (read only)

DATA(2) Sampler Relay # (read only)

DATA(3) Totalizer Relay # (read only)

DATA(4) Echo lost # (read only)

DATA(5) Annunciator # (read only)

Scaling / Special Units

F 60 ENT DATA(1) TANK SCALING

DATA(2) 1st character

DATA(3) 2nd character

DATA(4) 3rd character

DATA(5) 4th character

Access Code

F 66 ENT DATA XXXXXX (normally 654321)

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Auto Cal

F 67 ENT DATA 1/0 (on / off)

Auto Cal Data

F 68 ENT DATA(1) Window delay

DATA(2) Blanking

Tank Specifications

F 69 ENT Data 0 / vertical tank

1 / horizontal tank

2 / special formula (use F100 to enter)

Transmit Repetition Rate

F 70 ENT DATA(1) ENT 10 Feet maximum

DATA(2) ENT 20 Feet maximum









Stack Height

F 71 ENT DATA (XX) ENT

Transmit Width

F 72 ENT DATA (XX) ENT

Analog Adjust

F73 ENT DATA(1) Low end (generally factory set)

DATA(2) High end (generally factory set)

CIRCUIT ON Increase mA

CIRCUIT OFF Decrease mA

Analog Scaling

F 74 ENT DATA(1) Minimum mA (level or flow)

DATA(2) Maximum mA (level or flow)

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Totalizer Factor

F 75 ENT DATA READ ONLY FUNCTION

Echo Lost

F 76 ENT DATA 0 ENT (GOES LOW)

DATA 1 ENT (GOES HIGH)

DATA 2 ENT (REMAINS AT LAST READING)

Flow Units

P 77 ENT DATA 1 ENT GPM

DATA 2 ENT MGD

DATA 3 ENT METERS CUBED/MIN

Height Units

F 78 ENT DATA 1 Feet

DATA 2 Inches

DATA 3 cm / etc

Width

F 79 ENT DATA xx.x ENT See Appendix B

Primary Device Select

F 80 ENT DATA XX ENT See Appendix B

Maximum Expected FLOW

F 81 ENT DATA XX ENT See Appendix B

Temperature Compensation

F 82 ENT DATA XX ENT (°C)

Local Analog Reading

F 83 ENT DATA normally about 2 – 3 VDC

(if 0 VDC, short circuit on coax, if 5 VDC, open circuit on coax)

Distance Calibration

F 84 ENT DATA X.X ENT Air space reading/

one point calibration

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2 Point Calibration

F 86 ENT DATA (1) FAR DISTANCE

DATA (2) NEAR DISTANCE

Sampler Relay Multiplier

F 87 ENT DATA xx ENT

Zero Distance

F 88 ENT DATA XX.XX ENT

Blanking

F 90 ENT DATA(1) xx.xx ENT (Near Blanking)

DATA(2) xx.xx ENT (Far Blanking)

Echo Lost Timer

F 92 ENT DATA xx.xx ENT (in seconds)

Change Transducer temperature

F 93 ENT DATA -1 Micro transducer

DATA +1 old style transducer or transducer with separate temperature compensation leads

Speed Of Sound

F 94 ENT DATA show calibrated and current SOS

Set Totalizer

F 75 ENT DATA XX.XX ENT (TOT RELAY MULTIPLIER)

Mode Select

F 391 ENT DATA(1) software revision

DATA(2) Flow Meter Or Tank Gauge

INITIALIZATION FUNCTION

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F 392 ENT DATA CONSULT FACTORY

CAUTION: Do Not initialize, all data erased.

NOTES – SCROLLING FUNCTIONS

DATA (1,2,3,4,5) scrolls through data - sequencing data. Will repeat if data key is pressed after last step in sequence

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10. PRIMARY DEVICE SELECTION TABLES – 9140 / REFORMATTED THIS FAR

For most of the primary elements, it is only necessary to enter the device number into Function 80

for element selection. However, those tables marked with asterisks can be used for more than one

size (width), so it is necessary to also enter in a width for them (Tables 12 through 23).

The entry sequence for the primary device would be as follows:

F80 ENT DATA XX ENT

where the XX is the table number from 1 to 37.

TABLE PRIMARY DEVICE

#

1 22.5o V-Notch

2 30o V-Notch

3 45o V-Notch

4 60o V-Notch

5 90o V-Notch

6 120o V-Notch

7 1” Parshall Flume






13 1’ – 2’ Parshall Flume







20 Rectangular Weir with End Contractions, maximum height of flow less than one foot

21 Rectangular Weir with End Contractions, maximum height of flow 1 - 3 feet

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22 Rectangular Weir w/out End Contractions, maximum height of flow less than one foot

23 Rectangular Weir w/out End Contractions, maximum height of flow 1 - 3 feet

24 4” Palmer Bowlus














The above table contains primarily unique primary devices - the size is included in the device number.

However, the rectangular weirs, as well as the larger Parshall Flumes must have a size entered. This allows the calculation of any size rectangular weir, as well as all sizes of Parshall Flumes up to fifty feet. All size entries must be made in feet.

11. Instructions for Table Entry

If the Primary Device Selection List of Chapter 10 does not include the primary device being used, or if you have a special table specific to your application, you may need to perform the table entry procedure.

The table entry allows the controller to determine the flow at a certain level of material being measured. These tables can be found in Open Channel Flow Measurement Handbooks, or can be provided by Inventron upon request.

In order to enter the level vs. flow table to the system, complete the following steps in order:

1. Make sure the meter is set for flow. To check this read F391 and see if the unit is set correctly. If it is not set for flow, get in the program mode using the access code. Then once in the program mode change unit to a flow meter in F391.

2. After you have verified the unit as a flow meter, call F80 and change the primary device to 0. The 0 value on F 80, indicates that the device table to be used will be entered by the user.

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3. In order to use table entry option there must be a 28 pin IC chip in the socket labeled U8. If there is a 24 pin IC instead, the table entry option cannot be used due to lack of memory, in this case unit must be modified preferably at factory

4. Call F 100 and initialize the table.

5. Then press data button until you see table element #0.

Keep in mind that pressing the CIRCUIT ON and CIRCUIT OFF will let you toggle between level and volume (flow).

6. Enter 0.00 for level

7. Hit the Circuit Off key.

8. Enter 0.00 for flow.

9. Press the data button and the display will show table element #1.

10. Hit the Circuit On Key and enter the value for level

11. Hit the Circuit Off Key and enter the value for flow at that level.

12. Press the Data Key and move on to the next item on the table.

13. Continue steps 10 through 12 till you enter the last level and flow values of your table.

14. After all values have been entered, press data button and you will see the next table element number in the sequence. For example, if your last value is in element #25, press the DATA key and see element #26.

15. At this point press data button again and then the table will be stored. You should keep in mind that;

• The maximum number of entry points cannot exceed 100 (100 flow values for 100 level points — #0 through #99),

• The first entry should always be 0.00 for both level and flow, and

• You should always enter the two digits after the decimal point (even if the values entered are whole numbers).

• You must press the ENTER Key each time after you put a value in a table element. If the entry is done correctly you will see the numbers shift to the right when the enter key is pressed.

If you wish to check the table values you can scroll through all element points by pressing the data button and check level and volume by pressing the circuit on and circuit off buttons.

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Documents

9140 INSTALLATION MANUAL - · Web viewFUNCTION 31- DEDICATED RELAY ASSIGNMENT 29 6.2.4. FUNCTION 32 - SETTING CONTROL RELAYS 29 6.3. TOTALIZER 30 6.3.1. MAXIMUMEXPECTED FLOW 30 6.3.2