94377091 Project Report on Stress Management

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A Project Report on

Stress Management among HDFC

Bank Employees

Submitted to the Himachal Pradesh University in

partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Business

Administration

Guided by:

Dr. Shashi Verma

Himachal Pradesh University Business School

Submitted By:

Sonam Kukreja

Class R.No. 2432

Exam R.No. 2338

Bat!: 2"#"$2"#2

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%&'C%'( )R'*ES% +N,-ERS,/ B+S,NESS

SC%00(

0 1%0&S0E-ER , &'/ C0NCERN

This is to certify that S0N'& K+KRE'student of MBA inHimachal Pradesh University Business School has undertaken aproject on SRESS &'N'E&EN '&0N %*C B'NK

E&)(0/EES5 under my guidance To the !est of my kno"ledge allthe analysis and interpretation in the project are genuine attempt onher part This is also certified that this project is neither su!mitted norpu!lished else"here

# recommend and for"ard the project for evaluation and forthe a"ard of degree of Master of Business Administration$

%r Shashi &ermaUniversity Business School'

Himachal Pradesh University

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Preface

The study of human resource management is one of themajor criteria in the corporate sector Human resource is the heart of

the organi(ation By this research project "e "ill !e a!le to kno" ho"

to reduce the stress level of the employees "orking in the !ank By

this "ay the productivity of the employee increases

)o"adays the corporate sector is !ooming in a high speed

that the people have to "ork for prolonged hours to maintain the

standard of living and achieve their !asic needs So is the condition in

the hospitals' colleges' BP*+s and lots of other places #nspite of

having the modern technologies and facilities' people are feeling

themselves to !e "ork loaded and stressed Stress arises !ecause of

many reasons "hich are discussed in the follo"ing project The

project report also contain techni,ues ho" to reduce the stress and

overcome such pro!lems

To identify the level of stress among the people "ho "ork #

have tried to survey the people "orking in hospitals' BP*+s and other

industries as "ell as institutes Stress arises !ecause of unfulfilled

"ants' lack of jo! satisfaction etc !efore starting the topic of stress-let+s first understand the importance of human resource

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

To carry out this research "ork # have got the help from my

parents "ho have given full support to carry out this research "ork

They are the one "ho motivated and helped for the completion of this

project report

.urther' # "ould like to thank Mr Sunil Bhatia /Branch

Manager' H%.0 Bank1 and their employees "ho have given full

supported and co operated "ith me to carry out this research "ork

Then # "ould like to thank Mr M) 2athod /SB# Bank1 "ho has

supported me to fill the ,uestionnaire and carry on my research "ork

# am also thankful to the employees of SBS !ank "ho have supported

me The Branch Manager of A3#S !ank and their employees "ho

have helped me for the project "ork !y filling the ,uestionnaire

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Exeuti6e Summary

This project gives us a detailed idea of "hat is stress and also the

definition of stress is !een defined .or more detailed study the types of the

stress is also defined By looking at the starting of the project you "ill find4

o #ntroduction to Human resource

o #ntroduction and %efinition of stress

o Stress in !iological terms

o 5hat is stress6

o 0oping "ith stress at "ork place

o Stress management

o 5orkplace stress

o 2educing of stress

After the theoretical part # have included the research part My

research "ork includes t"o ,uestionnaires

o Burn out test

o Stress analysis 7uestionnaire

My research includes the research methodology "hich contains the

information as follo"s4

o 2esearch o!jectives

o Sampling /types and methods of sampling1

o 2esearch instrument

o %ata analysis and interpretation

o 8mployee+s opinion to reduce stress

o 2esearch flo"chart

o Time consideration

o 9imitation of survey

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o Advantages and disadvantages of "ritten

,uestionnaire

o .indings

,N*E7No Content )ae no

# Cone9tual rameork #:: #ntroduction to H2 ::; 0oncept of stress ;< 2esearch instrument


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Human 2esource Management is an art of managing people at

"ork in such a manner that they give their !est to the organi(ation #n

simple "ord human resource management refers to the ,uantitative

aspects of employees "orking in an organi(ation

Human 2esource Management is also a management function

concerned "ith hiring' motivating' and maintains people in an organi(ation #t

focuses on people in organi(ation

*rgani(ations are not mere !ricks' mortar' machineries or inventories

They are people #t is the "ho staff and manage organi(ations

H2M involves the application of management functions and principles

The functions and principles are applied to ac,uisitioning' developing' maintain'

and remunerating employees in organi(ations

%ecisions relating to employees must !e integrated %ecision on

different aspect of employees must !e consistent "ith other human resource

decisions

%ecision made must influence the effectiveness of organi(ation

8ffectiveness of an organi(ation must result in !etterment of services to

customers in the form of highD,uality product supplied at reasona!le costs

H2M function s is not confined to !usiness esta!lishment only They

are applica!le to nonD!usiness organi(ations' too such as education' health care'

recreation etc

The scope of H2M is indeed vast All major activities in the "orking life

of his or her entry into an organi(ation until he or she leavesDcome under the

previe"s of H2Mspecifically' the activities included are H2 planning' jo!

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analysis and !e sign' recruitment and selection' orientation and placement'

training and development' performance appraisal and jo! evaluation' employee

and eEecutive remuneration' motivation and communication' "elfare' safety and

health' industrial relations and the like

H2M is a !road concept Personnel management and human resource

development is a part of H2M

Before "e define Human 2esource Management$' it seems good

to first define heterogeneous in the sense that they differ in personality'

perception' emotions' values' attitudes' motives' and modes of thoughts

Human resource management plays an important role in the

development process of modern economy #n fact it is said that all the

development comes from the human mind

Human 2esource Management is a process of producing

development' maintaining and controlling human resources for effective

achievement of organi(ation goals$

>#.2? C0NCE) 0 SRESS

>#.2.#? ,NR0*+C,0N 0 SRESS

A lot of research has !een conducted into stress over the last hundred

years Some of the theories !ehind it are no" settled and accepted- others are

still !eing researched and de!ated %uring this time' there seems to have !een

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something approaching open "arfare !et"een competing theories and

definitions4 &ie"s have !een passionately held and aggressively defended

5hat complicates this is that intuitively "e all feel that "e kno" "hat

stress is' as it is something "e have all eEperienced A definition should therefore

!e o!viousFeEcept that it is not

*e@inition:

Hans Selye "as one of the founding fathers of stress research His

vie" in :>@ "as that stress is not necessarily something !ad G it all depends

on ho" you take it The stress of eEhilarating' creative successful "ork is

!eneficial' "hile that of failure' humiliation or infection is detrimental$ Selye

!elieved that the !iochemical effects of stress "ould !e eEperienced irrespective

of "hether the situation "as positive or negative

Since then' a great deal of further research has !een conducted' and

ideas have moved on Stress is no" vie"ed as a !ad thing' "ith a range of

harmful !iochemical and longDterm effects These effects have rarely !een

o!served in positive situations

The most commonly accepted definition of stress /mainly attri!uted to

2ichard S 9a(arus1 is that stress is a ondition or @eelin ex9eriened !en

a 9erson 9erei6es t!at Ademands exeed t!e 9ersonal and soial

resoures t!e indi6idual is able to mobilie.5 #n short' itIs "hat "e feel "hen

"e think "eIve lost control of events

This is the main definition used !y this section of Mind Tools' although

"e also recogni(e that there is an intert"ined instinctive stress response to

uneEpected events The stress response inside us is therefore part instinct and

part to do "ith the "ay "e think

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The types of stress are as follo"s

&e!anial

Stress /physics1' the average amount of force eEerted per unit area

Jield stress' the stress at "hich a material !egins to deform plastically

0ompressive stress' the stress applied to materials resulting in their

compaction

Bioloial

Stress /!iological1' physiological or psychological stress- some types

include4o 0hronic stress' persistent stress "hich can lead to illness and

mental disorder

o 8ustress' positive stress that can lead to improved longDterm

functioning

o 5orkplace stress' stress caused !y employment

&usi

Accent /music1

Stress /!and1' an early I=Cs melodic rock !and from San %iego

Stress /punk !and1' an early I=Cs punk rock !and from Athens

Stress /)eoDPsychedelic !and1' from the late :>=CIs

Stress' a song !y the .rench !and Kustice on their de!ut al!um

0t!er

Stress /game1' card game

Stress /linguistics1' phonological use of prominence in language

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Stress >9!ysis? t!e a6erae amount o@ @ore exerted 9er unit area.

Stressis a measure of the average amount of force eEerted per unit area #t

is a measure of the intensity of the total internal forces acting "ithin a !ody

across imaginary internal surfaces' as a reaction to eEternal applied forces

and !ody forces #t "as introduced into the theory of elasticity !y 0auchy

around :=;; Stress is a concept that is !ased on the concept of continuum

#n general' stress is eEpressed as

5here

#s the average stress' also called enineerinor nominal stress' and

#s the force acting over the area

C!roni Stress

C!roni stressis stress that lasts a long time or occurs fre,uently 0hronic

stress is potentially damaging

Symptoms of chronic stress can !e4

upset stomach

headache

!ackache

insomnia

anEiety

depression

anger

#n the most severe cases it can lead to panic attacks or a panic disorder

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There are a variety of methods to control chronic stress' including eEercise'

healthy diet' stress management' relaEation techni,ues' ade,uate rest' and

relaEing ho!!ies

8nsuring a healthy diet containing magnesium may help control or eliminate

stress' in those individuals "ith lo"er levels of magnesium or those "ho have a

magnesium deficiency 0hronic stress can also lead to a magnesium deficiency'

"hich can !e a factor in continued chronic stress' and a "hole host of other

negative medical conditions caused !y a magnesium deficiency

#t has !een discovered that there is a huge upsurge in the num!er of people "ho

suffer from this condition A very large num!er of these ne" cases suffer from

insomnia

#n a revie" of the scientific literature on the relationship !et"een stress and

disease' the authors found that stress plays a role in triggering or "orsening

depression and cardiovascular disease and in speeding the progression of

H#&LA#%S

Com9ressi6e stress:

Com9ressi6e stressis the stress applied to materials resulting in their

compaction /decrease of volume1 5hen a material is su!jected to compressive

stress' then this material is under compression Usually' compressive stress

applied to !ars' columns' etc leads to shortening

9oading a structural element or a specimen "ill increase the compressive stress

until the reach of compressive strength According to the properties of the

material' failure "ill occur as yield for materials "ith ductile !ehavior /most

metals' some soils and plastics1 or as rupture for !rittle !ehavior /geometries'

cast iron' glass' etc1

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#n long' slender structural elements DD such as columns or truss !ars DD an

increase of compressive force Fleads to structural failure due to !uckling at

lo"er stress than the compressive strength

0ompressive stress has stress units /force per unit area1' usually "ith negative

values to indicate the compaction Ho"ever in geotechnical engineering'

compressive stress is represented "ith positive values

>#.2.2? Stress in Bioloial terms:

Stressis a !iological term "hich refers to the conse,uences of the failure of a

human or animal !ody to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats

to the organism' "hether actual or imagined #t includes a state of alarm and

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adrenaline production' shortDterm resistance as a coping mechanism' and

eEhaustion #t refers to the ina!ility of a human or animal !ody to respond

0ommon stress symptoms include irrita!ility' muscular tension' ina!ility to

concentrate and a variety of physical reactions' such as headaches and

accelerated heart rate

The term stress "as first used !y the endocrinologist Hans Selye in the :>


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impossi!le to live "ithout stress' "hether you are a student or a "orking adult

There is !oth positive and negative stress' depending on each individual+s uni,ue

perception of the tension !et"een the t"o forces )ot all stress is !ad .or

eEample' positive stress' also kno"n as eustress' can help an individual to

function at optimal effectiveness and efficiency

Hence' it is evident that some form of positive stress can add more color and

vi!rancy to our lives The presence of a deadline' for eEample' can push us to

make the most of our time and produce greater efficiency #t is important to keep

this in mind' as stress management refers to using stress to our advantage' and

not on eradicating the presence of stress in our lives

*n the other hand' negative stress can result in mental and physical strain The

individual "ill eEperience symptoms such as tensions' headaches' irrita!ility and

in eEtreme cases' heart palpitations Hence' "hilst some stress may !e seen as

a motivating force' it is important to manage stress levels so that it does not have

an adverse impact on your health and relationships

Part of managing your stress levels include learning a!out ho" stress can affect

you emotionally and physically' as "ell as ho" to identify if you are performing atyour optimal stress level /*S91 or if you are eEperiencing negative stress This

kno"ledge "ill help you to identify "hen you need to take a !reak' or perhaps

seek professional help #t is also your first step to"ards developing techni,ues to

managing your stress levels

Modern day stresses can take the form of monetary needs' or emotional frictions

0ompetition at "ork and an increased "orkload can also cause greater levels of

stress Ho" do you identify if you are suffering from eEcessive stress6

Psychological symptoms commonly eEperienced include insomnia' headaches

and an ina!ility to focus Physical symptoms take the form of heart palpitations'

!reathlessness' eEcessive s"eating and stomachaches

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5hat causes stress6 There are many different causes of stress' and that "hich

causes stress is also kno"n as a stressor 0ommon lifestyle stressors include

performance' threat' and !ereavement stressors' to name a fe" Performance

stressors are triggered "hen an individual is placed in a situation "here he feels

a need to eEcel This could !e during performance appraisals' lunch "ith the

!oss' or giving a speech Threat stressors are usually "hen the current situation

poses a dangerous threat' such as an economic do"nturn' or from an accident

9astly' !ereavement stressors occur "hen there is a sense of loss such as the

death of a loved one' or a pri(ed possession

Thus' there are various stressors' and even more varied methods and

techni,ues of dealing "ith stress and turning it to our advantages #n order to doso' "e must learn to tell "hen "e have crossed the line from positive to negative

stress

ood stress 6s Bad stress:

Stress has often !een misunderstood to !e negative' "ith fe" people

ackno"ledging the importance and usefulness of positive stress #n our everyday

lives' stress is every"here and definitely unavoida!le- hence our emphasisshould !e on differentiating !et"een "hat is good stress' and "hat is !ad This

"ill help us to learn to cope "ith negative stress' and harness the po"er of

positive stress to help us achieve more

There are ? main categories of stress' namely eustress' distress' hyper stress

and hypo stress )egative stress can cause many physical and psychological

pro!lems' "hilst positive stress can !e very helpful for us Here+s ho" "e

differentiate !et"een them

Eustress:

this is a positive form of stress' "hich prepares your mind and !ody for the

imminent challenges that it has perceived 8ustress is a natural physical reaction

!y your !ody "hich increases !lood flo" to your muscles' resulting in a higher

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heart rate Athletes !efore a competition or perhaps a manager !efore a major

presentation "ould do "ell "ith eustress' allo"ing them to derive the inspiration

and strength that is needed

*istress

5e are familiar "ith this "ord' and kno" that it is a negative form of stress This

occurs "hen the mind and !ody is una!le to cope "ith changes' and usually

occurs "hen there are deviations from the norm They can !e categori(ed into

acute stress and chronic stress Acute stress is intense' !ut does not last for

long *n the other hand' chronic stress persists over a long period of time

Trigger events for distress can !e a change in jo! scope or routine that the

person is una!le to handle or cope "ith

%y9er stress

This is another form of negative stress that occurs "hen the individual is una!le

to cope "ith the "orkload 8Eamples include highly stressful jo!s' "hich re,uire

longer "orking hours than the individual can handle #f you suspect that you are

suffering from hyper stress' you are likely to have sudden emotional !reakdo"ns

over insignificant issues' the prover!ial stra"s that !roke the camel+s !ack #t is

important for you to recogni(e that your !ody needs a !reak' or you may end up

"ith severe and chronic physical and psychological reactions

%y9o stress

9astly' hypo stress occurs "hen a person has nothing to do "ith his time and

feels constantly !ored and unmotivated This is due to an insufficient amount of

stress- hence some stress is inevita!le and helpful to us 0ompanies should

avoid having "orkers "ho eEperience hypo stress as this "ill cause productivity

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and mindfulness to fall #f the jo! scope is !oring and repetitive' it "ould !e a

good idea to implement some form of jo! rotation so that there is al"ays

something ne" to learn

The types of stress are named as eustress and distress *istressis the

most commonlyDreferred to type of stress' having negative implications' "hereas

eustressis a positive form of stress' usually related to desira!le events in

personIs life Both can !e e,ually taEing on the !ody' and are cumulative in

nature' depending on a personIs "ay of adapting to a change that has caused it

>#.2.4? Co9in it! Stress at 1ork 9lae

5ith the rapid advancement of technology' the stresses faced at "ork have also

increased Many people dread going to "ork' hence the term Monday Blues$

5hat is the reason for this6 There is partly the fear from !eing retrenched in !ad

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times' leading to greater jo! insecurity on the part of those "ho remain

Undou!tedly' occupational stress is one of the most commonly cited stressors

faced !y people all over the "orld

Stress refers to the pressure and reactions to our environment "hich results in

psychological and physical reactions 5hilst some stress is good for motivation

and increasing efficiency' too much stress can result in negative impacts such as

reduced effectiveness and efficiency More and more people are feeling isolated

and disrespected at "ork' and this has led to greater occupational stress Many

companies have taken to consulting eEperts and professionals on "ays to

increase connectedness and motivation of their employees

Some companies organi(e parties and make their employees feel valued at

"ork These are measures to motivate employees and help them to feel secure

at their jo!s' translating into greater productivity Ho"ever' not all companies

have such measures in place' and some have not gotten it ,uite right Hence' it

is up to you to make sure that you can cope "ith stress at your "orkplace' and

use it to help you "ork !etter Here are < simple steps to help you "ith coping

"ith stress in the "orkplace

Ste9 #: Raisin 'areness

Help yourself to identify "hen you are facing rising levels of stress' tipping the

scales from positive to negative This is important' as !eing a!le to identify signs

of !eing stressed can help you to take steps to ensure that your overall ,uality of

life does not drop #f left unackno"ledged' the pro!lem "ill only sno"!all' leading

to disastrous conse,uences to your health and overall "ell!eing

Jou can identify if you are feeling stressed !y checking if you have any physical

or psychological reactions' such as eEcessive s"eating or heart palpitations' or

the onset of headaches' irrita!ility or the need to escape #f you eEperience any

of these reactions' identify if you are feeling any over"helming negative

emotions' and if you are constantly "orried

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Ste9 2: ,denti@y t!e Cause

Jou need to !e a!le to analy(e the situation and identify "hat is causing the rise

in stress These stressors can !e eEternal and internal 8Eternal stressors refer

to things !eyond your control' such as the environment or your colleagues at

"ork #nternal stressors refer to your o"n thinking and attitude *ften' "e only

start reacting to stress "hen a com!ination of stressors "orking together

eEceeds our a!ility to cope

eep a diary or a list of events that have caused you to feel strong negative

emotions' or that are likely stressors This "ill help you to identify the causes of

your stress 5hilst it is not al"ays possi!le to eradicate them' "e can change the"ay that "e cope "ith it

Ste9 3: Co9in it! Stress

#n order to deal "ith the situation that is causing you stress' you need to calm

your mind and !ody so as to stave off the reactions and cope "ith it in a positive

"ay This can !e through different methods' such as taking time off #f a situation

is triggering your stress and you are una!le to calm do"n' remove yourself from

it No outside and take a "alk to calm do"n Alternatively' you can try

implementing relaEation techni,ues such as deep !reathing #f it is an internal

stressor' stop your thought process until you are a!le to deal "ith it logically

The key to making these < steps "ork for you is to practice them These are not

instantaneous solutions' and you need to condition your mind and practice them

so that you can implement it "hen you are feeling stressed

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plaguing us "ith anEiety attacks Moreover' !e it our anEiety' mindD!ody

eEhaustion or our erring attitudes' "e tend to overlook causes of stress and the

conditions triggered !y those #n such unsettling moments "e often forget that

stressors' if not escapa!le' are fairly managea!le and treata!le

Stress' either ,uick or constant' can induce risky !odyDmind disorders

#mmediate disorders such as di((y spells' anEiety attacks' tension'

sleeplessness' nervousness and muscle cramps can all result in chronic health

pro!lems They may also affect our immune' cardiovascular and nervous

systems and lead individuals to ha!itual addictions' "hich are interDlinked "ith

stress

9ike stress reactions' relaEation responses and stress management

techni,ues are some of the !odyIs important !uiltDin response systems As a

relaEation response the !ody tries to get !ack !alance in its homeostasis Some

hormones released during the Ifight or flightI situation prompt the !ody to replace

the lost car!ohydrates and fats' and restore the energy level The knotted

nerves' tightened muscles and an eEhausted mind crave for looseness

Unfortunately' today' "e donIt get relaEing and soothing situations "ithout

asking To !e relaEed "e have to strive to create such situations

Reoniin a stressor:

#t is important to recogni(e "hether you are under stress or out of it Many times'

even if "e are under the influence of a stressful condition and our !ody reacts to

it internally as "ell as eEternally' "e fail to reali(e that "e are reacting under

stress This also happens "hen the causes of stress are there long enough for

us to get ha!ituated to them The !ody constantly tries to tell us through

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symptoms such as rapid palpitation' di((y spells' tight muscles or various !ody

aches that something is "rong #t is important to remain attentive to such

symptoms and to learn to cope "ith the situations

5e cope !etter "ith stressful situation' "hen "e encounter them voluntarily #n

cases of relocation' promotion or layoff' adventurous sports or having a !a!y' "e

tend to respond positively under stress But' "hen "e are compelled into such

situations against our "ill or kno"ledge' more often than not' "e "ilt at the face

of unkno"n and imagined threats .or instance' stress may mount "hen one is

coerced into undertaking some "ork against oneIs "ill

(au!ter:

Adopting a humorous vie" to"ards lifeIs situations can take the edge off

everyday stressors )ot !eing too serious or in a constant alert mode helps

maintain the e,uanimity of mind and promote clear thinking Being a!le to laugh

stressa"ay is the smartest "ay to "ard off its effects

A sense of humor also allo"s us to perceive and appreciate the incongruities of

life and provides moments of delight The emotions "e eEperience directly affect

our immune system The positive emotions can create neurochemical changes

that !uffer the immunosuppressive effects of stress

%uring stress' the adrenal gland releases corticosteroids' "hich are converted to

cortical in the !lood stream These have an immunosuppressive effect %r 9ee

Berk and fello" researcher %r Stanley Tan at 9oma 9inda University School of

Medicine have produced carefully controlled studies sho"ing that the eEperience

of laughter lo"ers serum cortical levels' increases the amount and activity of T

lymphocytesOthe natural killer cells 9aughter also increases the num!er of T

cells that have suppresser receptors

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5hat 9aughter 0an %o Against Stress And #ts 8ffects 6

9aughter lo"ers !lood pressure and reduces hypertension

#t provides good cardiac conditioning especially for those "ho are una!le to

perform physical eEercise

2educes stress hormones /studies sho"s' laughter induces reduction of at

least four of neuroendocrine hormonesOepinephrine' cortical' dopac' and gro"th

hormone' associated "ith stress response1

9aughter cleanses the lungs and !ody tissues of accumulated stale air as itempties more air than it takes in #t is !eneficial for patients suffering from

emphysema and other respiratory ailments

#t increases muscle fleEion' relaEation and fluent !lood circulation in !ody

Boosts immune function !y raising levels of infectionDfighting TDcells' diseaseD

fighting proteins called NammaDinterferon and diseaseDdestroying anti!odies

called BDcells

9aughter triggers the release of endorphinsO!odyIs natural painkillers

Produces a general sense of "ellD!eing

>#.2.F? 1ork9lae Stress

1ork9lae stressis the harmful physical and emotional response that occurs

"hen there is a poor match !et"een jo! demands and the capa!ilities'

resources' or needs of the "orker StressDrelated disorders encompass a !road

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array of conditions' including psychological disorders /eg' depression' anEiety'

postDtraumatic stress disorder1 and other types of emotional strain /eg'

dissatisfaction' fatigue' tension' etc1' maladaptive !ehaviors /eg' aggression'

su!stance a!use1' and cognitive impairment /eg' concentration and memory

pro!lems1 #n turn' these conditions may lead to poor "ork performance or even

injury Ko! stress is also associated "ith various !iological reactions that may

lead ultimately to compromised health' such as cardiovascular disease

Stress is a prevalent and costly pro!lem in todayIs "orkplace A!out oneDthird of

"orkers report high levels of stress *neD,uarter of employees vie" their jo!s as

the num!er one stressor in their lives ThreeD,uarters of employees !elieve the

"orker has more onDtheDjo! stress than a generation ago 8vidence alsosuggests that stress is the major cause of turnover in organi(ations

%ealt! and %ealt!are +tiliation

Pro!lems at "ork are more strongly associated "ith health complaints than are

any other life stressorDmore so than even financial pro!lems or family pro!lems

Many studies suggest that psychologically demanding jo!s that allo" employees

little control over the "ork process increase the risk of cardiovascular disease

*n the !asis of research !y the )ational #nstitute for *ccupational Safety and

Health and many other organi(ations' it is "idely !elieved that jo! stress

increases the risk for development of !ack and upperDeEtremity musculoskeletal

disorders High levels of stress are associated "ith su!stantial increases in

health service utili(ation 5orkers "ho report eEperiencing stress at "ork also

sho" eEcessive health care utili(ation #n a :>>= study of ?'CCC "orkers' health

care costs "ere nearly @CQ greater for "orkers reporting high levels of stress in

comparison to lo" risk$ "orkers The increment rose to nearly :@CQ' an

increase of more than R:'CC per person annually' for "orkers reporting high

levels of !oth stress and depression Additionally' periods of disa!ility due to jo!

stress tend to !e much longer than disa!ility periods for other occupational

injuries and illnesses

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Causes o@ 1ork9lae Stress

Ko! stress results from the interaction of the "orker and the conditions of "ork

&ie"s differ on the importance of "orker characteristics versus "orking

conditions as the primary cause of jo! stress The differing vie"points suggestdifferent "ays to prevent stress at "ork According to one school of thought'

differences in individual characteristics such as personality and coping skills are

most important in predicting "hether certain jo! conditions "ill result in stressDin

other "ords' "hat is stressful for one person may not !e a pro!lem for someone

else This vie"point leads to prevention strategies that focus on "orkers and

"ays to help them cope "ith demanding jo! conditions Although the importance

of individual differences cannot !e ignored' scientific evidence suggests that

certain "orking conditions are stressful to most people Such evidence argues for

a greater emphasis on "orking conditions as the key source of jo! stress' and for

jo! redesign as a primary prevention strategy Personal intervie" surveys of

"orking conditions' including conditions recogni(ed as risk factors for jo! stress'

"ere conducted in Mem!er States of the 8uropean Union in :>>C' :>>@' and

;CCC 2esults sho"ed a trend across these periods suggestive of increasing

"ork intensity #n :>>C' the percentage of "orkers reporting that they "orked at

high speeds at least oneDfourth of their "orking time "as ?=Q' increasing to @?Q

in :>>@ and to @Q in ;CCC Similarly' @CQ of "orkers reported they "ork

against tight deadlines at least oneDfourth of their "orking time in :>>C'

increasing to @Q in :>>@ and C Q in ;CCC Ho"ever' no change "as noted in

the period :>>@G;CCC /data not collected in :>>C1 in the percentage of "orkers

reporting sufficient time to complete tasks A su!stantial percentage of

Americans "ork very long hours By one estimate' more than ;Q of men and

more than ::Q of "omen "orked @C hours per "eek or more in ;CCC Thesefigures represent a considera!le increase over the previous three decades'

especially for "omen According to the %epartment of 9a!or' there has !een an

up"ard trend in hours "orked among employed "omen' an increase in eEtended

"ork "eeks /?C hours1 !y men' and a considera!le increase in com!ined

"orking hours among "orking couples' particularly couples "ith young children

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Sins o@ 1ork9lae Stress

Mood and sleep distur!ances' upset stomach and headache' and distur!ed

relationships "ith family- friends and girlfriends or !oyfriends are eEamples of

stressDrelated pro!lems The effects of jo! stress on chronic diseases are moredifficult to see !ecause chronic diseases take a long time to develop and can !e

influenced !y many factors other than stress )onetheless' evidence is rapidly

accumulating to suggest that stress plays an important role in several types of

chronic health pro!lemsDespecially cardiovascular disease' musculoskeletal

disorders' and psychological disorders

)re6ention

A com!ination of organi(ational change and stress management is often the

most useful approach for preventing stress at "ork

Ho" to 0hange the *rgani(ation to Prevent Ko! Stress

8nsure that the "orkload is in line "ith "orkersI capa!ilities and

resources

%esign jo!s to provide meaning' stimulation' and opportunities for "orkers

to use their skills

0learly define "orkersI roles and responsi!ilities

Nive "orkers opportunities to participate in decisions and actions affecting

their jo!s

#mprove communicationsDreduce uncertainty a!out career development

and future employment prospects

Provide opportunities for social interaction among "orkers

8sta!lish "ork schedules that are compati!le "ith demands and

responsi!ilities outside the jo!

%iscrimination inside the "orkplace /eg nationality and language 1

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St Paul .ire and Marine #nsurance 0ompany conducted several studies on the

effects of stress prevention programs in hospital settings Program activities

included /:1 employee and management education on jo! stress' /;1 changes in

hospital policies and procedures to reduce organi(ational sources of stress' and

/#.2.;? Redue your stress

: ob analysis: $ 5e have all eEperienced that appalling sense of having far too

much "ork to do and too little time to do it in 5e can choose to ignore this' and

"ork unreasona!ly long hours to stay on top of our "orkload The risks here are

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that "e !ecome eEhausted' that "e have so much to do that "e do a poor ,uality

jo! and that "e neglect other areas of our life 8ach of these can lead to intense

stress

The alternative is to "ork more intelligently' !y focusing on the things that are

important for jo! success and reducing the time "e spend on lo" priority tasks

Ko! Analysis is the first step in doing this

The first of the actionDoriented skills that "e look at is Ko! Analysis Ko! Analysis

is a key techni,ue for managing jo! overload G an important source of stress

To do an eEcellent jo!' you need to fully understand "hat is eEpected of you

5hile this may seem o!vious' in the hurlyD!urly of a ne"' fastDmoving' highD

pressure role' it is oftentimes something that is easy to overlook

By understanding the priorities in your jo!' and "hat constitutes success "ithin it'

you can focus on these activities and minimi(e "ork on other tasks as much as

possi!le This helps you get the greatest return from the "ork you do' and keep

your "orkload under control

Ko! Analysis is a useful techni,ue for getting a firm grip on "hat really is

important in your jo! so that you are a!le to perform eEcellently #t helps you to

cut through clutter and distraction to get to the heart of "hat you need to do

; Rational G 9ositi6e t!inkin: $

Jou are thinking negatively "hen you fear the future' put yourself do"n' critici(e

yourself for errors' dou!t your a!ilities' or eEpect failure )egative thinking

damages confidence' harms performance and paraly(es mental skills

Unfortunately' negative thoughts tend to flit into our consciousness' do their

damage and flit !ack out again' "ith their significance having !arely !een

noticed Since "e !arely reali(e that they "ere there' "e do not challenge them

properly' "hich means that they can !e completely incorrect and "rong

Thought A"areness is the process !y "hich you o!serve your thoughts and

!ecome a"are of "hat is going through your head

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*ne approach to it is to o!serve your stream of consciousness as you think

a!out the thing youIre trying to achieve "hich is stressful %o not suppress any

thoughts #nstead' just let them run their course "hile you "atch them' and "rite

them do"n on our free "orksheet as they occur Then let them go

Another more general approach to Thought A"areness comes "ith logging

stress in your Stress %iary 5hen you analy(e your diary at the end of the period'

you should !e a!le to see the most common and the most damaging thoughts

Tackle these as a priority using the techni,ues !elo"

Here are some typical negative thoughts you might eEperience "hen preparing to

give a major presentation4

.ear a!out the ,uality of your performance or of pro!lems that may

interfere "ith it-

5orry a!out ho" the audience /especially important people in it like your

!oss1 or the press may react to you-

%"elling on the negative conse,uences of a poor performance- or

SelfDcriticism over a lessDthanDperfect rehearsal

Thought a"areness is the first step in the process of managing negative

thoughts' as you cannot manage thoughts that you are una"are of

Rational !inkin

The neEt step in dealing "ith negative thinking is to challenge the negative

thoughts that you identified using the Thought A"areness techni,ue 9ook at

every thought you "rote do"n and challenge it rationally Ask yourself "hether

the thought is reasona!le 5hat evidence is there for and against the thought6

5ould your colleagues and mentors agree or disagree "ith it6

9ooking at the eEamples' the follo"ing challenges could !e made to the negative

thoughts "e identified earlier4

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eelins o@ inadeHuay: Have you trained yourself as "ell as you

reasona!ly should have6 %o you have the eEperience and resources you

need to make the presentation6 Have you planned' prepared and

rehearsed enough6 #f you have done all of these' youIve done as much as

you can to give a good performance

1orries about 9er@ormane durin re!earsal:#f some of your practice

"as less than perfect' then remind yourself that the purpose of the

practice is to identify areas for improvement' so that these can !e sorted

out !efore the performance

)roblems it! issues outside your ontrol: Have you identified the

risks of these things happening' and have you taken steps to reduce thelikelihood of them happening or their impact if they do6 5hat "ill you do if

they occur6 And "hat do you need others to do for you6

1orry about ot!er 9eo9leIs reations: #f you have prepared "ell' and

you do the !est you can' then you should !e satisfied #f you perform as

"ell as you reasona!ly can' then fair people are likely to respond "ell #f

people are not fair' the !est thing to do is ignore their comments and rise

a!ove them

i9:

%onIt make the mistake of generali(ing a single incident *' you made a

mistake at "ork' !ut that doesnIt mean youIre !ad at your jo!

Similarly' make sure you take the long vie" a!out incidents that youIre finding

stressful Kust !ecause youIre finding thesene" responsi!ilities stressful no"'

doesnIt mean that they "ill A95AJS !e so for you in the future

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i9:

#f you find it difficult to look at your negative thoughts o!jectively' imagine that

you are your !est friend or a respected coach or mentor 9ook at the list of

negative thoughts and imagine the negative thoughts "ere "ritten !y someone

you "ere giving o!jective advice to Then'think ho" you "ould challenge these

thoughts

5hen you challenge negative thoughts rationally' you should !e a!le to see

,uickly "hether the thoughts are "rong or "hether they have some su!stance to

them 5here there is some su!stance' take appropriate action Ho"ever' make

sure that your negative thoughts are genuinely important to achieving your goals'

and donIt just reflect a lack of eEperience' "hich everyone has to go through atsome stage

)ositi6e !inkin G 099ortunity Seekin

By no"' you should already !e feeling more positive The final step is to prepare

rational' positive thoughts and affirmations to counter any remaining negativity #t

can also !e useful to look at the situation and see if there are any useful

opportunities that are offered !y itBy !asing your affirmations on the clear' rational assessments of facts that you

made using 2ational Thinking' you can use them to undo the damage that

negative thinking may have done to your selfDconfidence

i9:

Jour affirmations "ill !e strongest if they are specific' are eEpressed in the

present tense and have strong emotional content

0ontinuing the eEamples a!ove' positive affirmations might !e4

)roblems durin 9ratie:# have learned from my rehearsals This has

put me in a position "here # can deliver a great performance # am going to

perform "ell and enjoy the event

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1orries about 9er@ormane:# have prepared "ell and rehearsed

thoroughly # am "ell positioned to give an eEcellent performance

)roblems issues outside your ontrol:# have thought through

everything that might reasona!ly happen and have planned ho" # can

handle all likely contingencies # am very "ell placed to react fleEi!ly to

events

1orry about ot!er 9eo9leIs reation:.air people "ill react "ell to a

good performance # "ill rise a!ove any unfair criticism in a mature and

professional "ay

#f appropriate' "rite these affirmations do"n on your "orksheet so that you can

use them "hen you need themAs "ell as allo"ing you to structure useful affirmations' part of Positive Thinking

is to look at opportunities that the situation might offer to you #n the eEamples

a!ove' successfully overcoming the situations causing the original negative

thinking "ill open up opportunities Jou "ill ac,uire ne" skills' you "ill !e seen

as someone "ho can handle difficult challenges' and you may open up ne"

career opportunities

Make sure that identifying these opportunities and focusing on them is part of

your positive thinking

2. Research Methodology>2.#? Resear! 0bjeti6e: $

Stress is a dynamic condition in "hich an individual is confronted "ith an

opportunity' demand or resource related to "hat the individual desires and for

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"hich the outcome is perceived to !e !oth uncertain and important This is a

complicated definition

Stress is not necessarily !ad in and of itself Although stress is typically

discussed in a negative conteEt' it also has a positive value #t+s an opportunity

"hen it offers potential gain 0onsider for eEample' the superior performance that

an athlete or stage performer gives in clutch$ situations Such individuals often

use stress positively to rise to the occasion and perform at or near their

maEimum Similarly' many professionals see the pressures of heavy "orkloads

and deadlines as positive challenges that enhance the ,uality of their "ork and

the satisfaction the get from their jo!

But it is different in the case of !ank employees The !ank employees

are the people "ho also have to achieve the certain target and so for the non

achievement of target the employees remain stressed and tensed The

employees "ho have the simple ta!le "ork also have to face the pro!lem of

stress %ue to recession the !anking sector is also facing the pro!lem of

employee cutDoffs and so the "ork load of the eEisting employees increases and

they feel stressed

The types of stress are named as eustress and distress *istressis the

most commonlyDreferred to type of stress' having negative implications' "hereas

eustressis a positive form of stress' usually related to desira!le events in

personIs life Both can !e e,ually taEing on the !ody' and are cumulative in

nature' depending on a personIs "ay of adapting to a change that has caused it

Stress management is the need of the hour Ho"ever hard "e try to go !eyond a

stress situation' life seems to find ne" "ays of stressing us out and plaguing us

"ith anEiety attacks Moreover' !e it our anEiety' mindD!ody eEhaustion or our

erring attitudes' "e tend to overlook causes of stress and the conditions triggered

!y those #n such unsettling moments "e often forget that stressors' if not

escapa!le' are fairly managea!le and treata!le

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Stress' either ,uick or constant' can induce risky !odyDmind disorders

#mmediate disorders such as di((y spells' anEiety attacks' tension'

sleeplessness' nervousness and muscle cramps can all result in chronic health

pro!lems They may also affect our immune' cardiovascular and nervous

systems and lead individuals to ha!itual addictions' "hich are interDlinked "ith

stress

9ike stress reactions' relaEation responses and stress management

techni,ues are some of the !odyIs important !uiltDin response systems As a

relaEation response the !ody tries to get !ack !alance in its homeostasis Some

hormones released during the Ifight or flightI situation prompt the !ody to replace

the lost car!ohydrates and fats' and restore the energy level The knotted

nerves' tightened muscles and an eEhausted mind crave for looseness

Unfortunately' today' "e donIt get relaEing and soothing situations "ithout

asking To !e relaEed "e have to strive to create such situations

This research is to carry out the study that ho" much stressed the

employees of the !anks are and ho" do their stress affect their "ork life' social

life' output etc so a sample of :? to :@ employees are selected from all the three

!anks for the research of stress among them

>2.2? Sam9lin

Sam9le:# have taken the sample of


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Reason:As "e find the employees of the !ank to !e more stressful as more and

more employees are taking &2S and are dismissed !ecause of inflation # have

selected only those three !anks "hich are affiliated to the pu!lic and are

speciali(ed in consumer needs fulfillment

#t is incum!ent on the researcher to clearly define the target

population There are no strict rules to follo"' and the researcher must rely on

logic and judgment The population is defined in keeping "ith the o!jectives of

the study

Sometimes' the entire population "ill !e sufficiently small' and the

researcher can include the entire population in the study This type of research is

called a censusstudy !ecause data is gathered on every mem!er of the

population

Usually' the population is too large for the researcher to attempt to

survey all of its mem!ers A small' !ut carefully chosen samplecan !e used to

represent the population The sample reflects the characteristics of the

population from "hich it is dra"n

Sampling methods are classified as eitherprobabilityor non

probability #n pro!a!ility samples' each mem!er of the population has a known

non-eropro!a!ility of !eing selected Pro!a!ility methods include random

sampling' systematic sampling' and stratified sampling #n non pro!a!ility

sampling' mem!ers are selected from the population in some nonrandom

manner These include convenience sampling' judgment sampling' ,uota

sampling' and sno"!all sampling The advantage of pro!a!ility sampling is that

samplin! errorcan !e calculated Sampling error is the degree to "hich a sample

might differ from the population 5hen inferring to the population' results are

reported plus or minus the sampling error #n non pro!a!ility sampling' the

degree to "hich the sample differs from the population remains unkno"n

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Random sam9linis the purest form of pro!a!ility sampling 8ach

mem!er of the population has an e,ual and kno"n chance of !eing

selected 5hen there are very large populations' it is often difficult or

impossi!le to identify every mem!er of the population' so the pool of

availa!le su!jects !ecomes !iased

Systemati sam9linis often used instead of random sampling #t is

also called an "th name selectiontechni,ue After the re,uired

sample si(e has !een calculated' every ) threcord is selected from a

list of population mem!ers As long as the list does not contain any

hidden order' this sampling method is as good as the random

sampling method #ts only advantage over the random sampling

techni,ue is simplicity Systematic sampling is fre,uently used to

select a specified num!er of records from a computer file

Strati@ied sam9linis commonly used pro!a!ility method that is

superior to random sampling !ecause it reduces sampling error A

stratumis a su!set of the population that shares at least onecommon characteristic The researcher first identifies the relevant

stratums and their actual representation in the population 2andom

sampling is then used to select su!jects from each stratum until the

num!er of su!jects in that stratum is proportional to its fre,uency in

the population Stratified sampling is often used "hen one or more of

the stratums in the population have a lo" incidence relative to the

other stratums

Con6eniene sam9linis used in eEploratory research "here the

researcher is interested in getting an ineEpensive approEimation of

the truth As the name implies' the sample is selected !ecause they

are convenient This nonDpro!a!ility method is often used during

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preliminary research efforts to get a gross estimate of the results'

"ithout incurring the cost or time re,uired to select a random sample

udment sam9linis a common nonDpro!a!ility method The

researcher selects the sample !ased on judgment This is usually

and eEtension of convenience sampling .or eEample' a researcher

may decide to dra" the entire sample from one representative city'

even though the population includes all cities 5hen using this

method' the researcher must !e confident that the chosen sample is

truly representative of the entire population

Juota sam9linis the nonDpro!a!ility e,uivalent of stratified

sampling 9ike stratified sampling' the researcher first identifies the

stratums and their proportions as they are represented in the

population Then convenience or judgment sampling is used to select

the re,uired num!er of su!jects from each stratum This differs from

stratified sampling' "here the stratums are filled !y random

sampling

Snoball sam9linis a special nonDpro!a!ility method used "hen

the desired sample characteristic is rare #t may !e eEtremely difficult

or cost prohi!itive to locate respondents in these situations Sno"!all

sampling relies on referrals from initial su!jects to generate additional

su!jects 5hile this techni,ue can dramatically lo"er search costs' it

comes at the eEpense of introducing !ias !ecause the techni,ue

itself reduces the likelihood that the sample "ill represent a good

cross section from the population

>2.3? Resear! ,nstrument: $

Checking Yorsel! !or Brnot

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Burnout occurs "hen passionate' committed people !ecome deeply disillusioned"ith a jo! or career from "hich they have previously derived much of theiridentity and meaning #t comes as the things that inspire passion and enthusiasmare stripped a"ay' and tedious or unpleasant things cro"d in #his tool can helpyou check yoursel$ $or burnout%

,ntrodution:

This tool can help you check yourself for !urnout #t helps you look at the "ayyou feel a!out your jo! and your eEperiences at "ork' so that you can get a feelfor "hether you are at risk of !urnout

+sin t!e ool:

5ork through the ta!le on paper and calculate values manually .ill in values appropriately on the sheet This "ill automatically calculate

scores for you and interpret these scores' sho"ing the score andinterpretation in ro"


39/68

39| P a g e

)o 7uestions )ot atall

2arely Sometimes *ften

&eryoften

: %o you feel run do"n anddrained of physical oremotional energy6

; %o you find that you are

prone to negative thinkinga!out your jo!6

< %o you find that you areharder and lesssympathetic "ith peoplethan perhaps they deserve6

? %o you find yourself gettingeasily irritated !y smallpro!lems' or !y your coD"orkers and team6

@ %o you feel misunderstoodor unappreciated !y yourcoD"orkers6

%o you feel that you havenoDone to talk to6

%o you feel that you areachieving less than youshould6

= %o you feel under anunpleasant level ofpressure to succeed6

> %o you feel that you are notgetting "hat you "ant out ofyour jo!6

:C %o you feel that you are inthe "rong organi(ation orthe "rong profession6

:: Are you !ecomingfrustrated "ith parts of your

jo!6:; %o you feel that

organi(ational politics or!ureaucracy frustrate youra!ility to do a good jo!6

:< %o you feel that there ismore "ork to do than youpractically have the a!ilityto do6

:? %o you feel that you do nothave time to do many of thethings that are important todoing a good ,uality jo!6

:@ %o you find that you do nothave time to plan as muchas you "ould like to6Total


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#nstructions4 .or each ,uestion' put an I3I in the column that most applies Put

one I3I only in each ro"

Please "rite the total num!er of E+ at the space given at the !ottom of each

column

N Juestions /es No

# Are you satisfied "ith the performance you give at your "ork6

2 %o you think that you are suffering from depression6

3 %o you "orry a!out your colleagueIs opinion a!out you6

40| P a g e

Ans"er )um!er 5eight 5eighted Total)ot at all C

2arely :Sometimes ;*ften Q of the employees get stressed

!ecause of the scolding of their !oss

d? *o you try to @ind any solution @or t!e 9roblem o@ your stressD

Jes )o )o response;? @

> Q of the employees try to find the solution of their stress

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Jes )o )o response:C :=

/es

No

No res 9onse

/es

No

No res 9onse


54/68

e? >, /ES? *o you 9ratie yoa or any ot!er ayur6edi t!era9y @or

reduin stressD

Jes )o )o response

:: :=


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&'ust smile away(An employeeD H%.0 Bank

&'ust believe in your sel$ and )ust do what your heart wants( An employeeD

H%.0 Bank

-alkin! to $amily members* - +atchin! #, or listenin! !ood music* -

Goin! $or a walk or lon! drive(An employeeD H%.0 Bank

&Believe in God(An employeeD H%.0 Bank

&espect yoursel$ and !ive time to yoursel$(An employeeD H%.0 Bank

&+orkin! in environment wel$ares* lot o$ positive attitude% Positive attitude

is only that reduces stress and achieves success% .ost o$ the people

$rustrate due to lack o$ positivity and stress level climbs up due to that% So

!et positive attitude about work* about li$e* and $or!et the stress(An

employeeD A3#S Bank

&+e should do such activities $rom which we !et happiness and also

make others happy% Pass your time with your close $riends and relatives%(

An employeeD A3#S Bank

&Play and watch cricket(An employeeD A3#S Bank

&/isten music and spend time with $amily(An employeeD SB#

&Get ad)usted with others* Find and spend time $or prayer* Study the

scriptures* See oneness in all* All are mani$ested o$ the supreme G01( An

employeeD SB#

These opinions are seemed to !e valua!le and effective as one of the

effective things has !een noticed that the employees"ho have got less than :=

marks in the Burnout test have given their opinions a!out reducing the stress

#t is also noticed that in the A3#S !ank Shimla in the time of afternoon

slo" instrumental music are !een played so that the employees can "ork stress

free This is one of the positive things "hich are seen in the organi(ation "ho is

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caring for their employees This "ill help the organi(ation to !oost up the

productivity

.rom the certain sample of employees selected for the research' only

:C employees have given their opinion ho" to reduce stress So "e can

understand that ho" overloaded the employees of the !ank are

>2.F? Resear! lo!art

7uestionnaire research design proceeds in an orderly and specific

manner 8ach item in the flo" chart depends upon the successful completion of

all the previous items Therefore' it is important not to skip a single step )otice

that there are t"o feed!ack loops in the flo" chart to allo" revisions to the

methodology and instruments

%esign Methodology

%etermine .easi!ility

%evelop #nstruments

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Select Sample

0onduct Pilot Test

2evise #nstruments

0onduct 2esearch

Analy(e %ata

Prepare 2eport

>2.;? ime Considerations

Many researchers underestimate the time re,uired to complete a

research project The follo"ing form may !e used as an initial checklist in

developing time estimates The !est advice is to !e generous "ith your time

estimates Things almost al"ays take longer than "e think they should

This checklist contains t"o time estimates for each task The first one

/Hours1 is your !est estimate of the actual num!er of hours re,uired to complete

the task The second one /%uration1 is the amount of time that "ill pass until the

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task is completed Sometimes these are the same and sometimes they are

different Most researchers and !usinessDpeople have to divide their time among

many projects They simply cannot give all their time to any one project .or

eEample' my estimate of goal clarification may !e four hours' !ut other

commitments allo" me to spend only t"o hours a day on this study My hours

estimate is four hours' and my duration estimate is t"o days

To arrive at your final time estimates' add the individual estimates The

hours estimate is used for !udget planning and the duration estimate is used to

develop a project time line

>2.8? (imitation o@ t!e sur6ey

The ,uestionnaires "ere filled !e


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The employees from "hom the ,uestionnaires are filled are in a heavy"orkload so some of the ,uestionnaires filled !y the employees "ho are in

stress cannot !e called reasona!le

The responses of the employees cannot !e accurate as the pro!lem oflanguage and understanding arises /These pro!lems are not in all cases1

*ne of the other pro!lems of ,uestionnaire is the cost Some times it may !epossi!le that even !y spending so much the result may not !e reasona!le

Many a times the employees may not !e really conscious or may not !e!othered a!out the ,uestionnaire This may create a pro!lem in the research

>2.8.#? 'd6antaes o@ 1ritten Juestionnaires

7uestionnaires are very cost effective "hen compared to faceDtoD

face intervie"s This is especially true for studies involving large

sample si(es and large geographic areas 5ritten ,uestionnaires

!ecome even more cost effective as the num!er of research

,uestions increases

7uestionnaires are easy to analy(e %ata entry and ta!ulation for

nearly all surveys can !e easily done "ith many computer soft"are

packages

7uestionnaires are familiar to most people )early everyone has

had some eEperience completing ,uestionnaires and they generally

do not make people apprehensive

7uestionnaires reduce !ias There is uniform ,uestion presentation

and no middleDman !ias The researcherIs o"n opinions "ill not

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influence the respondent to ans"er ,uestions in a certain manner

There are no ver!al or visual clues to influence the respondent

7uestionnaires are less intrusive than telephone or faceDtoDface

surveys 5hen a respondent receives a ,uestionnaire in the mail' he

is free to complete the ,uestionnaire on his o"n timeDta!le Unlike

other research methods' the respondent is not interrupted !y the

research instrument

>2.8.2? *isad6antaes o@ 1ritten Juestionnaires

*ne major disadvantage of "ritten ,uestionnaires is the possi!ility

of lo" response rates 9o" response is the curse of statistical

analysis #t can dramatically lo"er our confidence in the results

2esponse rates vary "idely from one ,uestionnaire to another

/:CQ D >CQ1' ho"ever' "ellDdesigned studies consistently produce

high response rates

Another disadvantage of ,uestionnaires is the ina!ility to pro!eresponses 7uestionnaires are structured instruments They allo"

little fleEi!ility to the respondent "ith respect to response format #n

essence' they often lose the flavor of the response /ie'

respondents often "ant to ,ualify their ans"ers1 By allo"ing

fre,uent space for comments' the researcher can partially

overcome this disadvantage 0omments are among the most

helpful of all the information on the ,uestionnaire' and they usually

provide insightful information that "ould have other"ise !een lost

)early ninety percent of all communication is visual Nestures and

other visual cues are not availa!le "ith "ritten ,uestionnaires The

lack of personal contact "ill have different effects depending on the

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type of information !eing re,uested A ,uestionnaire re,uesting

factual information "ill pro!a!ly not !e affected !y the lack of

personal contact A ,uestionnaire pro!ing sensitive issues or

attitudes may !e severely affected

5hen returned ,uestionnaires arrive in the mail' itIs natural to

assume that the respondent is the same person you sent the

,uestionnaire to This may not actually !e the case Many times

!usiness ,uestionnaires get handed to other employees for

completion House"ives sometimes respond for their hus!ands

ids respond as a prank .or a variety of reasons' the respondent

may not !e "ho you think it is #t is a confounding error inherent in

,uestionnaires

.inally' ,uestionnaires are simply not suited for some people .or

eEample' a "ritten survey to a group of poorly educated people

might not "ork !ecause of reading skill pro!lems More fre,uently'

people are turned off !y "ritten ,uestionnaires !ecause of misuse

>2.=? indins

#t is analy(ed from the ,uestionnaire filled !y the employees that the

employees "ho have scored more than ;C marks in the !urnout test are not

satisfied "ith the performance "hich they give in the organi(ation Thus it is

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proved that the employees "ho are desired to give !etter performance than their

original performance are found more stressful than the others 5hile at the same

time the employ that have scored less than ;C marks in the !urnout test are

satisfied "ith the performance .rom the sample of


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*ne of the ,uestions "as asked that "ere their social life !alanced6

#t is o!served that the employees "ho have scored a!ove ;C marks in the

!urnout test did not have their social life !alanced Thus "e can conclude that

the employees "ho are a!ove ;C don+t have their social life !alanced Thus it is

proved that stress may affect our social life also

The employees "ere asked "eather they plan their "ork or not'

moderate ans"ers "ere given The employees scoring more than ;@ marks "ere

not found their "ork planned Thus the employees "ho plan their "ork have

scored !elo" ;@ marks in the !urnout test eEcept some cases as there are

al"ays some dra"!acks in making plan .ailure of a plan may also lead a person

to stress Thus "e can conclude that planning of the "ork may help to reduce

stress level

Most of the employees "ho have scored more than ;C marks fear

a!out their ,uality of "ork they give This aspect is not dependent of the !urnout

level This aspect depends upon the dedication of "ork So it is meaningless to

compare this ,uestion "ith the !urnout test

A ,uestion "as asked that "eather you get stressed at the nonD

achievement of their target6 All the employees have responded positively But

this is not concern "ith the !urnout score .rom this "e can conclude that all the

employees are given achieva!le target and naturally !y the nonDachievement of

the target all the employees may get stressed *ne of the other possi!ilities is

that the employees have responded positively to sho" themselves to !e good

The employees having more than :C marks in the !urnout test says

that they are under stress *ut of


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employees "ho are stressed feel stressful "hen their !oss scolds them "hile :

employees refused that they are not stressed !ecause their !oss scolds them All

the


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o """mindtoolcom

o

*rgani(ational Behavior Stephen P% obbins$

o Burn *ut tool G 7uestionnaire

o Self analysis of ,uestionnaire

%. ANNE&UREJuestionnaire

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)o 7uestions )ot atall

2arely Sometimes *ften

&eryoften

: %o you feel run do"n anddrained of physical oremotional energy6

; %o you find that you are

prone to negative thinkinga!out your jo!6

< %o you find that you areharder and lesssympathetic "ith peoplethan perhaps they deserve6

? %o you find yourself gettingeasily irritated !y smallpro!lems' or !y your coD"orkers and team6

@ %o you feel misunderstoodor unappreciated !y yourcoD"orkers6

%o you feel that you havenoDone to talk to6

%o you feel that you areachieving less than youshould6

= %o you feel under anunpleasant level ofpressure to succeed6

> %o you feel that you are notgetting "hat you "ant out ofyour jo!6

:C %o you feel that you are inthe "rong organi(ation orthe "rong profession6

:: Are you !ecomingfrustrated "ith parts of your

jo!6:; %o you feel that

organi(ational politics or!ureaucracy frustrate youra!ility to do a good jo!6

:< %o you feel that there ismore "ork to do than youpractically have the a!ilityto do6

:? %o you feel that you do nothave time to do many of thethings that are important todoing a good ,uality jo!6

:@ %o you find that you do nothave time to plan as muchas you "ould like to6Total


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#nstructions4 .or each ,uestion' put an I3I in the column that most applies Putone I3I only in each ro"Please "rite the total num!er of E+ at the space given at the !ottom of eachcolumn

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Ans"er )um!er 5eight 5eighted Total)ot at all C2arely :Sometimes ;*ften

Documents

94377091 Project Report on Stress Management