9.ATOD.1.4

What type of behaviors and body fluids can transmit HIV from one person to another?

Place your card under “Mode of Transmission” or “Not a Mode of Transmission”

If you are unsure, check with a fellow classmate

BloodSemenVaginal FluidsBreast Milk

Unprotected oral sexAnal intercourseVaginal intercourseBreastfeeding by an HIV infected

motherSharing needles

Video Clip Individuals who are addicted to drugs are

much more likely to have unprotected sex. Why do you think this is true?

Babies are born struggling with addiction They can also be born as carriers of HIV or

Hepatitis B or C The two most common ways blood borne

pathogens are spread: unprotected sex sharing needles during intravenous drug

use

Explain intravenous drug use and the possible risks

Review common bloodborne diseases and possible complications

List ways to reduce risks associated with intravenous drug use

Injection of a substance into a vein using a needle and syringe

The problem:The problem:Potential exposure to bloodborne

pathogens from shared needles, syringes, and other drug injection paraphernalia

Includes drugs like cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, and steroids

Microorganisms found in human blood that are capable of causing disease in humans

Examples: Hepatitis B Hepatitis C HIV

HIV, HBV, and HBC are viruses which can be transmitted through different modes, including IV drug use.

Let’s look at some effects of these bloodborne pathogens…

Short-term Loss of appetite Fatigue (feeling

tired all the time) Nausea and

vomiting Abdominal pain Dark urine Jaundice (yellowing

of the skin and eyes)

Long-term Infection Cirrhosis (scarring)

of the liver Liver cancer Liver failure Death

A virus that can cause AIDSHIV is different from most other

viruses because it attacks the body's immune system The immune system fights infections that

harm the body. HIV finds and attacks CD4 cells that

the immune system needs to fight disease

Many people do not develop symptoms after getting infected with HIV

Some people have flu-like symptoms Fever, headache, tiredness, enlarged lymph glands

around the neck These symptoms usually disappear on their

own within a few weeks The progression of HIV varies per person This state may last from a few months to more

than 10 years

Lack of energy Weight loss Frequent fevers and sweats Persistent or frequent yeast infections Skin rashes or flaky skin Short-term memory loss Mouth, genital, or anal sores from

herpes infections

AIDS is the most advanced stage of HIV infection.

The definition of AIDS includes all HIV-infected people who have fewer than 200 CD4 cells per microliter of blood

After the diagnosis of AIDS is made, the average survival time has been estimated to be 2-3 years

There's no cure for HIV/AIDSA variety of drugs can be used in

combination to control the virusEach of the classes of anti-HIV drugs

blocks the virus in different ways. It's best to combine at least three

drugs from two different classes to avoid creating strains of HIV that are immune to single drugs

Don’t use injection drugs (except for prescribed medication).

Don’t share needlesEducate others about the risks

associated with intravenous drugs.

Become an advocate for others in your community.

Write a letter to the editor Include the following points

Background information on injection drug use

Describe risks associated with injection drug use, specifically blood borne diseases

Encourage parents, community organizations and public officials to provide resources and support to those who need assistance with IV drug use

Create your own anti-IV drug poster to reduce risk for exposure to HIV, HBC, and HBC