A Bibliography on Sinhala Buddhism

ISSN 1076-9005Volume 4 1997: 216-256

Publication date: 1 May 1997

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A Bibliography on Sinhala Buddhism

by

Mahinda Deegalle

Department of Buddhist StudiesFaculty of LettersKyoto University

Email: [email protected] [email protected]

1997 Mahinda DeegalleJBE

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Journal of Buddhist Ethics Volume 4, 1997: 216-256

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A Bibliography on Sinhala Buddhism

Please send suggestions for inclusion to Mahinda Deegalle (e-mail:[email protected] or [email protected]). Thisbibliography may be used freely for teaching and research purposes, butplease acknowledge the source.

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Journal of Buddhist Ethics Volume 4, 1997:216-256

Sinhala Buddhism

Scholars identify the Theravda form of Buddhism that grew in SriLanka as Sinhala Buddhism. The adjective Sinhala is both areference to an ethnic group: Sinhala people, the majoritypopulation in Sri Lanka, and to an Indo-European language: Sinhalaspoken by the Sinhala public. Thus, Sinhala Buddhism has twomeaningsBuddhism in the Sinhala language and Buddhism practicedby the Sinhala people.

Though Theravda Buddhism has been the most frequently usedidentification for Sri Lankan Buddhism, in recent decades, with referenceto Buddhism of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, a new designationcalled Protestant Buddhism has been created.

Two prominent Sri Lankan anthropologists, Gananath Obeyesekere1

and Kitsiri Malalgoda,2 created the phrase Protestant Buddhism toidentify a form of Buddhism that appeared in Sri Lanka as a response toProtestant Christian missionaries and their evangelical activities duringthe British colonial period. Buddhists not only criticized Protestantmissionaries, but also adopted their strategies and models in reformingBuddhism. This process of assimilation and incorporation occurred onan ideological level as well as social and cultural levels. The emulationof Protestant models was very much apparent in the establishment ofBuddhist schools and Buddhist organizations such as the Young MensBuddhist Association. Like evangelical Protestant Christians, Buddhistsalso started to print pamphlets (after June 1862), to hold preachingsessions, and to enter into debates and religious controversies in defendingBuddhism. In the history of religious controversies, one important eventwas the two-day public debate (August 2627, 1873) that was held inPanadura between a Sinhala Wesleyan clergyman David de Silva andBuddhist monk Mohoivatt Gunanda (182390). The arrival ofColonel Henry Steel Olcott (18321907) in Sri Lanka in 1880 markedanother important phase in the shaping process of what anthropologists


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have identified as Protestant Buddhism.Though several alternative expressions are found in the academy

for identifying Sri Lankan Buddhism, I have preferred SinhalaBuddhism for three reasons. First, Sinhala Buddhism denotes that thisform of Buddhism deals with the religious life and practices of Sinhalapeople. Second, it designates that this form of Buddhism has a strongconnection and relationship with vernacular texts written in Sinhala.Third, in contrast to the narrowness of Protestant Buddhism whichidentifies Buddhism of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, SinhalaBuddhism can be used to identify Buddhism which grew among the SriLankan people after the time of the Pli commentaries.

Notes

1 Gananath Obeyesekere, Religious Symbolism and Political Changein Ceylon, Modern Ceylon Studies 1/1 (1970): 4363.2 Kitsiri Malalgoda, Buddhism in Sinhalese Society 17501900: A Studyof Religious Revival and Change. (Berkeley, Calif.: University ofCalifornia Press, 1976).


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Fields of Entries

Anthropological Studies on Sinhala BuddhismBaa: Buddhist PreachingBibliographies, Dictionaries, Encyclopedias and Catalogues of

Sinhala ManuscriptsBuddhism, Society and Sinhala CultureHistory of Buddhism in Sri LankaInscriptions and Historical WritingsMahyna Buddhism in Sri LankaParitta: Buddhist Protection RitualsProtestant BuddhismSinhala Buddhism and EthnicitySinhala Buddhist Rites and RitualsSinhala LiteratureSri Lankan Buddhist SaghaTheravda BuddhismWomen in Sinhala Buddhism

Anthropological Studies on Sinhala Buddhism

Copleston, Reginald Stephen. Buddhism: Primitive and Present inMagadha and in Ceylon. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.,1892.

Gombrich, Richard F. From Monastery to Meditation Centre: LayMeditation in Modern Sri Lanka. In Buddhist Studies Ancientand Modern, ed. Philip Denwood and Alexander Piatigorsky,2034. London: Curzon Press, 1983.

. Precept and Practice: Traditional Buddhism in the RuralHighlands of Ceylon. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1971.


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. Temporary Ordination in Sri Lanka. Journal of theInternational Association of Buddhist Studies 7/2 (1984): 4165.

Gombrich, Richard F., and Gananath Obeyesekere. BuddhismTransformed: Religious Change in Sri Lanka. Princeton, N.J.:Princeton University Press, 1988.

Kemper, Steven. The Presence of the Past: Chronicles, Politics, andCulture in Sinhala Life. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press,1991.

Leach, Edmund R. Pul Eliya: A Village in Ceylon. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1960.

Maquet, Jacques. Expressive Space and Theravda Values: AMeditation Monastery in Sri Lanka. Ethos 3 (1975): 121.

. Meditation in Contemporary Sri Lanka: Idea and Practice.Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 7/2 (1975): 18296.

Obeyesekere, Gananath. Buddhism, Depression and the Work ofCulture in Sri Lanka. Culture and Depression. Ed. ArthurKleinman and Byron Good. Berkeley, Calif.: University ofCalifornia Press, 1985.

. The Buddhist Pantheon in Ceylon and its Extensions.Anthropological Studies in Theravda Buddhism. Ed. ManningNash. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1966.

. The Cult of Goddess Pattini. Chicago: University of ChicagoPress, 1984.


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. The Great Tradition and the Little in the Perspective ofSinhalese Buddhism. Journal of Asian Studies 22 (1963): 13953.

. Medusas Hair: An Essay on Personal Symbols and ReligiousExperience. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981.

. Personal Identity and Cultural Crisis: The Case of AnagarikaDharmapala of Sri Lanka. In The Biographical Process, ed.Frank Reynolds and Donald Capps. The Hague: Mouton andCompany, 1976.

. Popular Religions. In Modern Sri Lanka: A Society inTransition, ed. Tissa Fernando and Robert Kearney. Syracuse,N.Y.: Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, 1979.

. Theodicy, Sin, and Salvation in a Sociology of Buddhism.In Dialectic in Practical Religion, ed. E. R. Leach, 740.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968.

. The Work of Culture: Symbolic Transformation inPsychoanalysis and Anthropology. Chicago: University ofChicago Press, 1991.

Ryan, Bryce F. Sinhalese Village. Coral Gables, Fla.: University ofMiami Press, 1958.

Scott, David. Formations of Ritual. Minneapolis: University ofMinnesota Press, 1994.

Seneviratne, H. L. Religion and Legitimacy of Power in the KandyanKingdom. In Religion and Legitimation of Power in Sri Lanka,ed. Bardwell L. Smith. Chambersburg, Pa.: Anima Books, 1978.


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Southwold, Martin. Buddhism in Life: The Anthropological Study ofReligion and the Practice of Sinhalese Buddhism. Manchester,UK: Manchester University Press, 1983.

. True Buddhism and Village Buddhism in Sri Lanka. InReligious Organization and Religious Experience, ed. J. Davis.London: Academic Press, 1982.

Spencer, Jonathan. Writing Within: Anthropology, Nationalism, andCulture in Sri Lanka. Current Anthropology 31/3 (1990): 294310.

Wirz, Paul. Exorcism and the Art of Healing in Ceylon. Leiden: E. J.Brill, 1954.

Yalman, Nur. The Structure of Sinhalese Healing Rituals. InReligion in South Asia, ed. E. B. Harper, 11550. Seattle: AsianSociety, 1964.

. Under the Bo Tree. Berkeley: University of California Press,1967.

Baa: Buddhist Preaching

Deegalle, Mahinda. Buddhist Preaching (Baa) in Sri Lanka: SinhalaReligious Rhetoric in the Popularization of Theravda. SriLanka Journal of Buddhist Studies 5 (1996): 3041.

. Baa: Buddhist Preaching in Sri Lanka (Special Focus on theTwo-pulpit Tradition), Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1995.


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. Buddhist Preaching: Rethinking of History of ReligionsCategories. Transactions of the International Conference ofEastern Studies (The Th Gakkai) 41 (1996):42-59.

Schalk, Peter. Die Botschaft der friedvollen Lehre (nta dharmaypaiviaya): Einfhrung in die buddhistische Predigt in SriLanka. Temenos 19 (1983): 68111.

. Ohne Denken an den Tod ist Kein Leben: Analyse einerbuddhistischen Totenpredigt (mataka baa) aus Sri Lanka. InOn the Meaning of Death: Essays on Mortuary Rituals andEschatological Beliefs, ed. S. Cederroth, C. Corlin, and J.Lindstrm, 22955. Stockholm: Uppsala Studies in CulturalAnthropology, 1988.

Bibliographies, Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, and Catalogues ofSinhala Manuscripts

Alwis, James. A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit, Pali andSinhalese Literary Works of Ceylon. Vol. 1. Colombo:Government Printer, 1870.

De Silva, W. A. Catalogue of Palm Leaf Manuscripts in the Library ofthe Colombo Museum. Vol. 1. Colombo: Ceylon GovernmentPress, 1938.

. Catalogue of Pali, Sinhalese and Sanskrit Manuscripts in theCeylon Government Oriental Library, 1876.


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. A Catalogue of Pali, Sinhalese and Sanskrit Manuscripts inthe Temple Libraries of Ceylon. Colombo, 1885.

. Reports on the Inspection of Temple Libraries (of Sanskrit,Pali and Sinhalese MSS). 2 vols. Colombo, 1875, 1879.

De Zoysa, Louis. Catalogue of Pali, Sinhalese and SanskritManuscripts in the Ceylon Government Oriental Library.Colombo: Government Printer, 1876.

. A Catalogue of Pali, Sinhalese and Sanskrit Manuscripts inthe Temple Libraries of Ceylon. Colombo: Government Printer,1885.

. Reports on the Inspection of Temple Libraries (of Sanksrit,Pali and Sinhalese MSS). 2 vols. Colombo: Government Printer,1875, 1879.

Encyclopaedia of Buddhism. Ed. G. P. Malalasekera et al. Colombo:The Government of Ceylon, 1960.

Godakumbura, C. E. Catalogue of Ceylonese Manuscripts.Copenhagen: The Royal Library, 1980.

Goonetileke, H. A. I. A Bibliography of Ceylon. 5 vols. Zug,Switzerland: Inter Documentation Company, 1970.

Liyanaratne, Jinadasa. Catalogue des manuscrits singhalais. Paris:Bibliothque Nationale, 1983.

Somadasa, K. D. Catalogue of the Hugh Nevill Collection of SinhalaManuscripts in the British Library. 7 vols. London: The BritishLibrary and The Pli Text Society, 19871995.


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. Lakv Puskoa Pot Nmvaliya. 2 vols. Colombo:Department of Cultural Affairs, 19591964.

Sorata, Vliviiy. r Sumagala abdakoaya. Mount Lavinia:Abhaya Prakakay, 1970.

Wickremasinghe, Don Martino de Zilva. Catalogue of the SinhaleseManuscripts in the British Museum. London: The BritishMuseum, 1900.

Buddhism, Society, and Sinhala Culture

Amunugama, Sarath. Notes on Sinhala Culture. Colombo: M. D.Gunasena, 1980.

Ariyapala, M. B. Society in Medieval Ceylon: The State of Society inCeylon as Depicted in the Saddharmaratnvaliya and otherLiterature of the Thirteenth Century. Colombo: Department ofCultural Affairs, 1968.

Bechert, Heinz. Aspects of Theravda Buddhism in Sri Lanka andSoutheast Asia. In The Buddhist Heritage, ed. TadeuszSkorupski, 1927. Tring, UK: The Institute of BuddhistStudies, 1989.

, ed. Buddhism in Ceylon and Studies on Religious Syncretismin Buddhist Countries. Gttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht,1978.


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. Buddhismus, Staat und Gesellschaft in den Lndern desTheravda Buddhismus. 3 vols. Wiesbaden: O. Harnassowitz,196673.

. Contradictions in Sinhalese Buddhism. In Religion andLegitimation of Power in Sri Lanka, ed. Bardwell L. Smith, 18898. Chambersburg, Pa.: Anima Books, 1978.

. ber Singhalesisches im Palikanon. Wiener Zeitschrift frdie Kunde Sd und Ostasiens. Band 1 (1957): 7175.

Geiger, Wilhelm. Culture of Ceylon in Medieval Times. Ed. HeinzBechert. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1960.

Malalgoda, Kitsiri. Buddhism in Sinhalese Society 17501900: AStudy of Religious Revival and Change. Berkeley, Calif.:University of California Press, 1976.

. Sinhalese Buddhism: Orthodox and Syncretistic, Traditionaland Modern. Ceylon Journal of Historical and Social Studies 2(1972): 156169.

Mayeda, Egaku, ed. Contemporary Buddhism in Sinhalese Society.Nagoya: Aichigakuin University, 1982.

. The Situation and Role of Theravda Buddhism in SinhaleseSociety. In Contemporary Buddhism in Sinhalese Society, ed.Egaku Mayeda, 112. Nagoya: Aichigakuin University, 1982.

Norman, K. R. The Role of Pli in Early Sinhalese Buddhism. InBuddhism in Ceylon and Studies on Religious Syncretism inBuddhist Countries, ed. Heinz Bechert, 2847. Gttingen:Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 1978.


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Pieris, Ralph. Sinhalese Social Organization: The Kandyan Period.Colombo: Ceylon University Press Board, 1956.

Ratnaike, Nalin R. Glimpses of the Social, Religious, Economic, andPolitical Conditions of Ceylon from the Sandesas (Between the1416 Centuries). Masters thesis, University of Ceylon, 1944.

Reynolds, Frank E. Dhammadpa: A Study of Indianization andBuddhism in Sri Lanka. Ohio Journal of Religion 1 (1974): 6378.

. From Philology to Anthropology: A Bibliographical Essayon Works Related to Early Theravda and Sinhalese Buddhism.In The Two Wheels of Dhamma: Essays on the TheravdaTradition in India and Ceylon, ed. Gananath Obeyesekere, FrankE. Reynolds and Bardwell L. Smith. Chambersburg, Pa.:American Academy of Religion, 1972.

Saram, P. A. S. Weberian Buddhism and Sinhalese Buddhism.Social Compass 23 (1976): 35582.

Smith, Bardwell L. Religious Assimilation in Early MedievalSinhalese Society. In Studies in Pli and Buddhism, ed. A. K.Narain, 34768. Delhi: B. R. Publishing Corp., 1979.

Suzuki, Masataka. Sri Lankan Studies in JapanSocial Sciences andHumanities. Journal of the Japanese Association for SouthAsian Studies 6 (1994): 11337.

Vimalananda, Tennakoon. The State and Religion in Ceylon Since1815. Colombo: M. D. Gunasena, 1970.


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The History of Buddhism in Sri Lanka

Adikaram, E. W. Early History of Buddhism in Ceylon. Migoda: D. S.Puswella, 1946.

Bechert, Heinz. The Beginnings of Buddhist Historiography:Mahvasa and Political Thinking. In Religion andLegitimation of Power in Sri Lanka, ed. Bardwell L. Smith.Chambersburg, Pa.: Anima Books, 1978.

De Silva, K. M. A History of Sri Lanka. Berkeley, Calif.: University ofCalifornia Press, 1981.

Dewaraja, L. S. The Kandyan Kingdom of Sri Lanka 17071782.Colombo: Lake House, 1988.

Dhammavisuddhi, Y. Buddhist Political Ideas in Ancient Sri LankanPolity. Sri Lanka Journal of Buddhist Studies 5 (1996): 5769.

Gunawardana, R. A. L. H. Anurdhapura: Ritual, Power andResistance in a Precolonial South Asian City. In Dominationand Resistance, ed. Daniel Miller et al, 15578. London: UnwinHyman, 1989, pp.155-178.

. Prelude to the State: an Early Phase in the Evolution ofPolitical Institutions in Ancient Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka Journal ofthe Humanities 8 (1982): 1-39.

. Robe and Plough: Monasticism and Economic Interest inEarly Medieval Sri Lanka. Tucson, Ariz.: University of ArizonaPress, 1979.

Hettiaratchi, S. B. Social and Cultural History of Ancient Sri Lanka.Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1988.


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Indrapala, K. Dravidian Settlements in Ceylon and the Beginnings ofthe Kingdom of Jaffna. Ph.D. diss., University of London,1965.

Kiribamune, Sirima. Buddhism and Royal Prerogative in MedievalSri Lanka. In Religion and Legitimation of Power in Sri Lanka,ed. Bardwell L. Smith, 10718. Chambersbury, Pa.: AnimaBooks, 1978.

Knox, Robert. An Historical Relation of the Island of Ceylon, in theEastIndie: Together, with an Account of the Detaining inCaptivity the Author and Divers Other Englishmen Now LivingThere, and of the Authors Miraculous Escape. London: RichardChiswell, 1681; An Historical Relation of Ceylon. Dehiwala:Tisara Prakakay, 1966.

Liyanagamage, Amaradasa. The Decline of Polonnaruwa and the Riseof Dambadeniya (circa 11801270 A.D.). Colombo: Departmentof Cultural Affairs, 1968.

Liyanagamage, Amaradasa and Ranavira Gunawardena.Anurdhapura Yugaya. Colombo: Sri Lanka Jtika PustaklaSv Maalaya, 1987.

Mirando, A. H. Buddhism in Sri Lanka in the 17th and 18th Centuries,with Special Reference to Sinhalese Literary Sources. Dehiwala:Tisara Prakakay, 1985.

Mudiyanse, Nandasena. The Art and Architecture of the GampolaPeriod. Colombo: M. D. Gunasena, 1965.

Pandita, Vincent. K Yugaye Bauddha Tatvaya. Shityaya:Journal of the Ministry of Cultural Affairs (1957): 6671.


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Paranavitana, S. Civilization of the Polonnaru Period: Religion,Literature and Art. History of Ceylon. Vol. 1, pt. I. Ed. H. C.Ray, 563612. Colombo: Ceylon University Press, 1960.

. Glimpses of the Political and Social Conditions of MedievalSri Lanka. In Sir Paul E. Pieris Felicitation Volume, 6974.Colombo: Sir Paul Pieris Felicitation Volume Committee, 1956.

. Religious Intercourse Between Ceylon and Siam in the13th15th Centuries. Journal of the Ceylon Branch of AsiaticSociety (CB) 32 (1932): 190213.

Paranavitana, S., and Nicholas, C. W. A Concise History of Ceylon:From the Earliest Times to the Arrival of the Portuguese.Colombo: Ceylon University Press, 1961.

Rahula, Walpola. History of Buddhism in Ceylon: The AnurdhapuraPeriod 3rd Century B.C.10th Century A.D. Colombo: M. D.Gunasena, 1956.

Senadheera, Gunapala. Cultural Contacts between India and SriLanka through Bhikkhus, Scholars and Pilgrims. In Sri Lankaand the Silk Road of the Sea, ed. Senake Bandaranayake et al,13539. Colombo: The Sri Lanka National Commission forUNESCO and The Central Cultural Fund, 1990.

Sirisena, W. M. Sri Lanka and South-East Asia: Political, Religiousand Cultural Relations from A.D. c. 1000 to c. 1500. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1978.

Smith, Bardwell L. The Polonnaruva Period (ca. 9931293 A.D.): AThematic Bibliographic Essay. In Religion and Legitimationof Power in Sri Lanka, ed. Bardwell L. Smith, 119154.Chambersburg, Pa.: Anima Books, 1978.

Somaratna, G. P. V. Political History of the Kingdom of Ko. Ph.D.diss., University of London, 1969.

University of Ceylon. History of Ceylon. Ed. H. C. Ray et al.Colombo: Ceylon University Press, 1960.

Wickramasinghe, S. The Age of Parkramabhu I. Ph.D. diss.,University of London, 1958.

. Ceylons Relations with South-east Asia, with SpecialReference to Burma. Ceylon Journal of Historical and SocialStudies 3/1 (1960): 3858.

Wijetunga, W. M. K. The Rise and Decline of the Cola Power inCeylon. Ph.D. diss., University of London, 1962.

Inscriptions and Historical Writings

Epigraphia Zeylanica. 7 vols. Ed. and trans. Don Martino de ZilvaWickremasinghe et al. London: Oxford University Press, 19121984.

Geiger, Wilhelm, trans. The Mahvasa or the Great Chronicle ofCeylon. Colombo: The Ceylon Government InformationDepartment, 1950.

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Gunasekera, B., ed. Rjvaliya. Colombo: Government Printer, 1953.

Jayabhu Devarakkhita of Gaaldeiya. Nikya Sagrahaya: Being aHistory of Buddhism in India and Ceylon. Trans. C. M.

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Fernando. Rev. and ed. Mudaliyar W. F. Gunawardhana.Colombo: H. Ross Cottle, Govt. Printer, 1908.

Law, Bimala Churn, trans. A Manual of Buddhist HistoricalTraditions (Saddhamma-sagaha). Calcutta: University ofCalcutta, 1941.

Oldenberg, H., ed. and trans. The Dpavasa: An Ancient BuddhistHistorical Record. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services,1982.

Paranavitana, S., ed. Inscriptions of Ceylon, Vol. 1. Ceylon: TheDepartment of Archaeology, 1970.

Parkramabhu Vilgammula. Sinhala Bodhivasaya, ed.Pucibara Sannasgala. Colombo: Lake House InvestmentsLimited, 1970.

Strong, Arther S., ed. The Mahbodhivasa. London: PTS, 1891.

Mahyna Buddhism in Sri Lanka

Angatavasa Desan: The Sermon of the Chronicle-To-Be. Trans.Udaya Meddegama and John Clifford Holt. Delhi: MotilalBanarsidass, 1993.

Bechert, Heinz. Buddha-Feld und Verdienstbertragung: Mahyna-Ideen im Theravda-Buddhismus Ceylons. Bulletin de laClasse des Lettres et des Sciences Morales et Politiques 62(1976): 2751.

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. Zur Geschichte der buddhistischen Sekten in Indien undCeylon. La nouvelle Clio 79 (195557): 35157.

. Mahyna Literature in Sri Lanka: The Early Phase. InPrajpramit and Related Systems: Studies in Honor ofEdward Conze, ed. Lewis Lancaster and Luis O. Gmez, 36168. Berkeley, Calif.: Berkeley Buddhist Studies Series, 1977.

Deegalle, Mahinda. The Origins of Mahyna Buddhism. TheBuddhist 61 (1990): 1221.

Dohanian, Diran K. The Mahyna Buddhist Sculpture of Ceylon.New York: Garland Publishing Co., 1977.

. Mahyna Cult in Ancient Ceylon. Indias Contribution toWorld Thought and Culture: Vivekananda CommemorationVolume. Madras: Vivekananda Commemoration VolumeCommittee, 1970, pp.423-436.

Godakumbura, C. E. References to Buddhist Sanskrit Writers inSinhalese Literature. University of Ceylon Review 1/1 (1943):8693.

Goonatilake, Sangapala Arachchige Hemalatha. The Impact of SomeMahyna Concepts on Sinhalese Buddhism. Ph.D. diss.,University of London, 1974.

Gunawardana, R. A. L. H. Buddhist Nikyas in Medieval Ceylon.The Ceylon Journal of Historical and Social Studies 9(JanuaryJune 1966): 5566.

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. Robe and Plough: Monasticism and Economic Interest inEarly Medieval Sri Lanka. Tucson, Ariz.: University ofArizona Press, 1979.

Holt, John Clifford. Buddha in the Crown: Avalokitevara in theBuddhist Traditions of Sri Lanka. New York: Oxford UniversityPress, 1991.

Jtavanrma Ran Baa Pota. Ed. Hema Ratnayaka, M. H. Sirisoma,and Siri Hinpalla. Colombo: UNESCO-Sri Lanka CulturalTriangle Project, 1983.

Kalupahana, David J. Schools of Buddhism in Early Ceylon. TheCeylon Journal of the Humanities 1 (1970): 15990.

Mudiyanse, Nandasena. Mahyna Monuments in Ceylon. Colombo:M. D. Gunasena, 1967.

Paranavitana, Senarat. Bodhisattva Avalokitevara in Ceylon. In B.C. Law Volume, 1518. Poona: Baroda Oriental ResearchInstitute, 1951.

. Mahynism in Ceylon. Ceylon Journal of Science 2(1928): 3571.

Ratnayaka, Shanta. The Bodhisattva Ideal of Theravda. Journal ofthe International Association of Buddhist Studies 8 (1985): 85110.

Sasanaratana, Morauwe. Lakdiva Mahyna Adahas. Colombo: M.D. Gunasena, 1962.

Schopen, Gregory. The Text on the Dhran Stones fromAbhayagiriya: A Minor Contribution to the Study of

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Mahyna Literature in Ceylon. Journal of the InternationalAssociation of Buddhist Studies 5/1 (1982): 100108.

Von Schroeder, Ulrich. Buddhist Sculptures of Sri Lanka. Hong Kong:Visual Dharma Publications, 1990.

Paritta: Buddhist Protection Rituals

Blackburn, Anne M. The Play of the Teaching in the Life of theSsana: Srrthadpan in Eighteenth Century Sri Lanka. Ph.D.diss., The University of Chicago, 1996.

De Silva, Lily. Paritta: A Historical and Religious Study of theBuddhist Ceremony for Peace and Prosperity in Sri Lanka.Spolia Zeylanica. Vol. 36, Pt. I. Ed. P. H. D. de Silva. Colombo:The National Museums of Sri Lanka, 1981.

Deegalle, Mahinda. Reflections on Buddhist Marriage: TheJayamagala Gth. Island (Colombo: Upali News Papers),May 3 1996.

Grimblot, M. and M. Lon Feer. Extraits du Paritta: Textes etCommentaires en Pali. Journal Asiatique (OctoberDecember1871): 225335.

La Fuente, Marguerite. Pirit Nula: Le Fil de Pirit. Paris: LibrairieDAmrique et DOrient, 1951.

Pertold, O. A Protective Ritual of the Southern Buddhists.Anthropological Society of Bombay 12/6 (1923): 74489.

Schalk, Peter. Der ParittaDienst in Ceylon. Lund: Lunds Universitet,1972.

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Thera, Piyadassi, trans. The Book of Protection. Colombo: H. M.Gunasekara Trust, 1975.

Waldschmidt, E. Das Paritta: Eine Magische Zeremonie derBuddhistischen Priester auf Ceylon. Baessler-Archiv 17 (1934):13950.

Yalman, Nur. The Structure of Sinhalese Healing Rituals. InReligion in South Asia, ed. E. B. Harper, 11550. Seattle: AsianSociety, 1964.

Protestant Buddhism

Amunugama, Sarath. Anagarika Dharmapala (18641933) and theTransformation of Sinhala Buddhist Organization in a ColonialSetting. Social Science Information 24/4 (1985): 697730.

Bond, George. The Buddhist Revival in Sri Lanka. Columbia, S.C.:University of South Carolina Press, 1988.

Buddhism and Christianity Face to Face or an Oral Discussionbetween the Rev. Migettuwatte, a Buddhist Priest, and the Rev.D. Silva, an English Clergyman Held at Pantura, Ceylon. Ed. J.M. Peebles. Boston: Colby and Rich Publishers, 1878.

Dharmapala, Anagarika. Return to Righteousness: A Collection ofSpeeches, Essays and Letters of the Anagarika Dharmapala. Ed.Ananda Guruge. Colombo: Ministry of Educational and CulturalAffairs, 1965.

Fernando, Tissa. The Western-Educated Elite and Buddhism inBritish Ceylon. In Tradition and Change in Theravda

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Buddhism, ed. Bardwell L. Smith, 1829. Leiden: E. J. Brill,1973.

A Full Account of the Buddhist Controversy, held at Pantura, inAugust 1873 by the Ceylon Times Special Reporter: With theAddresses Revised and Amplified by the Speakers. Ed. JohnCapper. Colombo, 1873.

Guruge, Ananda. From the Living Fountains of Buddhism: Sri LankanSupport to Pioneering Western Orientalists. Colombo: Ministryof Cultural Affairs, 1984.

Mellon, Philip A. Protestant Buddhism? The Cultural Translation ofBuddhism in England. Religion 21 (1991): 7392.

Malalgoda, Kitsiri. Buddhism in Sinhalese Society 17501900: AStudy of Religious Revival and Change. Berkeley, Calif.:University of California Press, 1976.

. The Buddhist Christian Confrontation in Ceylon, 18001880. Social Compass 20/2 (1973): 171200.

Obeyesekere, Gananath. Buddhism and Conscience: An ExploratoryEssay. Daedalus 120 (1991): 21939.

. Religious Symbolism and Political Change in Ceylon.Modern Ceylon Studies 1/1 (1970): 4363.

Prothero, Stephen. Henry Steel Olcott and Protestant Buddhism.Journal of the American Academy of Religion 63/2 (1995): 281302.

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Swearer, Donald. Lay Buddhism and the Buddhist Revival inCeylon. Journal of the American Academy of Religion 38/3(1970): 25575.

Sinhala Buddhism and Ethnicity

Amunugama, Sarath. Buddhaputra and Bhumiputra? Dilemmas ofModern Sinhala Buddhist Monks in Relation to Ethnic andPolitical Conflict. Religion 21 (1991): 11539.

De Silva, K. M., ed. Ethnic Conflict in Buddhist Societies: Sri Lanka,Thailand and Burma. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1988.

Dharmadasa, K. N. O. The Sinhala-Buddhist Identity and theNayakkar Dynasty in the Politics of the Kandyan Kingdom,17391815. Ceylon Journal of Historical and Social Studies 6(1976): 123.

Gunawardana, R. A. L. H. The People of the Lion: SinhalaConsciousness in History and Historiography. In Ethnicity andSocial Change in Sri Lanka, ed. Social Scientists Association.Colombo: Navamaga Printers, 1985.

. The Kinsmen of the Buddha: Myth as Political Charter inthe Ancient and Early Medieval Kingdoms of Sri Lanka. InReligion and Legitimation of Power in Sri Lanka, ed. BardwellL. Smith, 96106. Chambersburg, Pa.: Anima Books, 1978.

Jayawardena, Visakha Kumari. Bhikkhus in Revolt. LankaGuardian, 15 May, 15 June, 1 July, and 15 July, 1979.

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Juergensmeyer, Mark. What the Bhikkhu Said: Reflections on theRise of Militant Religious Nationalism. Religion 20 (1990): 5375.

Nissan, Elizabeth. The Sacred City of Anurdhapura: Aspects ofSinhalese Buddhism and Nationhood. Ph.D. diss., LondonSchool of Economics and Political Science, 1985.

Obeyesekere, Gananath. A Meditation on Conscience. Colombo:Social Scientists Association of Sri Lanka, 1988.

. Sinhala-Buddhist Identity in Ceylon. In Ethnic Identity:Cultural Continuities and Change, ed. George de Vos and LolaRoss, 22958. Palo Alto: Mayfield Publishing Company, 1975.

Premasiri, P. D. Treatment of Minorities in the Buddhist Doctrine.Ethnic Studies Report 3/2 (1985): 5771.

Schalk, Peter. Unity and Sovereignty: Key Concepts of a MilitantBuddhist Organization in the Present Conflict in Sri Lanka.Temenos 24 (1988): 5582.

Smith, Bardwell L. Polonnaruwa As a Ceremonial Complex:Sinhalese Cultural Identity and the Dilemmas of Pluralism. InStudies in the History of Buddhism, ed. A. K. Narain. NewDelhi: B. R. Publishing Corp., 1980.

Tambiah, Stanley J. Buddhism Betrayed?: Religion, Politics, andViolence in Sri Lanka. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,1992.

. Sri Lanka: Ethnic Fratricide and the Dismantling ofDemocracy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986.

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. Religion, Nationalism, and Social Change in Ceylon 18651885. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (Great Britain)(1969): 12350.

Sinhala Buddhist Rites and Rituals

De Silva, Lynn. Buddhism: Beliefs and Practices in Sri Lanka.Colombo: The Wesley Press, 1974.

Dickson, J. F. Notes Illustrative of Buddhism as the Daily Religionof the Buddhists of Ceylon, and Some Account of TheirCeremonies After Death. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society(CB) 8 (1884): 20336.

Gamage, Siri. Sharing Grief and Suffering: Temple Culture and theBuddhist Community in Rural Sri Lanka. Journal of Pali andBuddhist Studies 9 (1996): 122.

Godakumbura, C. E. Sinhalese Festivals: Their Symbolism, Originsand Proceedings. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (CB) 14(1970): 91134.

Gombrich, Richard F. Buddhist Cultic Life in Southeast Asia. InBuddhism and Asian History, ed. Joseph M. Kitagawa and MarkD. Cummings, 30915. New York: Macmillan PublishingCompany, 1989.

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. The Consecration of a Buddhist Image. Journal of AsianStudies 26/1 (1966): 2336.

. A New Theravdin Liturgy. Journal of the Pali TextSociety 9 (1981): 4773.

Holt, John Clifford. Pilgrimage and the Structure of SinhaleseBuddhism. Journal of the International Association of BuddhistStudies 5/2 (1982): 2340.

Ilangasinha, H. B. M. Buddhism in Medieval Sri Lanka. Ed. SunilGupta. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 1992.

. Cults, Rituals, Ceremonies and Festivals: A Study ofBuddhism in Ceylon in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries(circa 14001600). Ph.D. diss., University of London, 1972.

Kapferer, Bruce. A Celebration of Demons: Exorcism and theAesthetics of Healing in Sri Lanka. Bloomington, Ind.: IndianaUniversity Press, 1983.

Karunatillake, W. S. The Religiousness of Buddhists in Sri Lankathrough Belief and Practice. In Religiousness in Sri Lanka, ed.John Ross Carter, 134. Colombo: Marga Institute, 1979.

Kekulawala, S. L. The Religious Journey into Dharma(Dharmaytra): Pilgrimage as an Expression of BuddhistReligiousness. In Religiousness in Sri Lanka, ed. John RossCarter, 3565. Colombo: Marga Institute, 1979.

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. Rituals of the Kandyan State. Cambridge: CambridgeUniversity Press, 1978.

Seneviratne, H. L., and Swarna Wickremeratne. Bodhipj:Collective Representations of Sri Lanka Youth. AmericanEthonologist 7/4 (1980): 73443.

Trainor, Kevin M. When is a Theft not a Theft?: Relic Theft and theCult of the Buddhas Relics in Sri Lanka. Numen 39/1 (1992):126.

Sinhala Literature

De Mel, Sunanda Mahendra. A Survey of Minor Jtaka Poetry inSinhalese Literature with Special Reference to the NevillCatalogue of Sinhalese Manuscripts in the British Museum.Ph.D. diss., University of London, 1972.

De Silva, W. P. N. Sinhalese Literature in a Nutshell. Maradana:Peramuna Ltd., 1947.

Dhammapala Thera, Gatare. A Comparative Study of SinhaleseLiterature in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries. Ph.D. diss.,University of London, 1973.

. Theory of Translation in Practice among Ancient Sri LankanWriters. In Vidyodaya Journal of Arts, Sciences and Letters,Silver Jubilee, 1984:4247.

Dharmasna Thera. Jewels of the Doctrine: Stories of the SaddharmaRatnvaliya. Translated by Ranjini Obeyesekere. Albany,N.Y.: State University of New York Press, 1991.

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Godakumbura, C. E. The Literature of Ceylon. Colombo: Departmentof Cultural Affairs, 1963.

. Literature of Sri Lanka. Colombo: Department of CulturalAffairs, 1976.

. Sinhalese Literature. Colombo: The Apothecaries Co., 1955.

Hallisey, Charles. Devotion in the Buddhist Literature of Medieval SriLanka. Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1988.

. In Defense of Rather Fragile and Local Achievement:Reflections on the Work of Gurulugomi. In Religion andPractical Reason, ed. Frank E. Reynolds and David Tracy, 12160. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press, 1994.

Hettiaratchi, Dayananda Ekanatha. A Critical Study of the Vesaturu-D-Sanne. Ph.D. diss., University of London, 1948.

. Literature of the Dambadei, Kurungala, Gampala andKo Periods. In History of Ceylon, ed. H. C. Ray, 77077.Colombo: Ceylon University Press, 1960.

. A Short Study of the Dhampiy-auv-Gapadaya.Journal of Royal Asiatic Society (CB) 86 (1933): 35971.

. A Short Study of the Jtaka-auv-Gapadaya. Journal ofRoyal Asiatic Society (CB) 97 (1944): 22023.

Hevawasam, P. B. J. Tamil Sources of Some Sinhalese LiteraryWorks with Special Reference to Lkpakraya. Journal of theAcademy of Tamil Culture 9/3 (1961): 24162.

244


Kitsudo, Masahiro S. Buddhist Disciplines Expressed in SinhaleseProverbs. In Contemporary Buddhism in Sinhalese Society, ed.Egaku Mayeda, 5768. Nagoya: Aichigakuin University, 1982.

Kulasuriya, A. Buddhism in Early Sinhalese Literature. UniversityBuddhist Annual: the Magazine of the Ceylon UniversityBuddhist Brotherhood 9 (195859): 59.

Liyanage, K. C. Buddhism through Sinhalese Literature. UniversityBuddhist Annual: the Magazine of the Ceylon UniversityBuddhist Brotherhood 6 (195556): 8183.

Nevill, Hugh. On Budhist (sic) Writings in Sinhalese. Taprobanian3/1 (February 1888): 12.

, trans. Sinhalese Verse (Kavi). 3 vols. Ed. P. E. P.Deraniyagala. Colombo: Ceylon National Museums ManuscriptSeries, 1954.

Obeyesekere, Ranjini. The Act of Translation. The MassachusettsReview 29/4 (Winter 198889): 26267.

Obeyesekere, Ranjini, and Gananath. The Story of the DemonessKli: A Thirteenth Century Text on Evil. History of Religions29 (1990): 31834.

Perera, E. Hector. Amvatura. Encyclopaedia of Buddhism. Vol. 1.Ed. G. P. Malalasekera, 41415. Colombo: The Government ofCeylon, 1964.

Rammandala, M. Sri. A Critical Study of the Dharmapradpik. Ph.D.diss., University of London, 1954.

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Reynolds, C. H. B. Sinhalese Literature. A Guide to EasternLiteratures. Ed. David Marshall Long, 25362. London:Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1971.

, ed. An Anthology of Sinhalese Literature up to 1815. London:George Allen and Unwin, 1970.

Saparamadu, Sumana. The Sinhalese Language and Literature of thePollonnaruwa Period. In The Polonnaruva Period, ed. S. D.Saparamadu, 11026. Dehiwala: Tisara Prakakay, 1973.

Siriwardhana, D. B. I. Comments on the Development of ClassicalSinhalese Prose. Symposium 1/1 (1949): 17.

Udayadhamma, Dagonne Thera. Linfluence des Jtaka Kath sur lalitterature Sinhala (jusquau 12 me sicle aprs J. C.).Doctorat dUniversit de Paris IV (Bons-Sorbonne), 1971.

Wickramasinghe, K. D. P. The Development of Sinhalese Literature inthe Fifteenth Century. Ph.D. diss., University of London, 1963.

. K Yugay Sinhala Shityaya. Colombo: M. D. Gunasena,1965.

Wickramasinghe, Martin. Landmarks of Sinhalese Literature. Trans.Ediriweera R. Sarachchandra. Colombo: M. D. Gunasena, 1963.

Wijayawardhana, G. D. Literature in Buddhist Religious Life. InReligiousness in Sri Lanka, ed. John Ross Carter, 6778.Colombo: Marga Institute, 1979.

Wijemanne, Piyaseeli. Amvatura: A Syntactical Study. Colombo:Ministry of Higher Education, 1984.

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Sri Lankan Buddhist Sagha

Bechert, Heinz. Theravda Buddhist Sangha: Some GeneralObservations on Historical and Political Factors in itsDevelopment. Journal of Asian Studies 29/4 (1970): 76178.

Carrithers, Michael. The Forest Monks of Sri Lanka: AnAnthropological and Historical Study. Delhi: Oxford UniversityPress, 1983.

. The modern Ascetics of Lanka and the Pattern of Change inBuddhism. Man 14 (1979): 294310.

. The Social Organization of the Sinhalese Sagha in anHistorical Perspective. In Contributions to South Asian Studies,ed. Gopal Krishna. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1979.

Disanayaka, J. B. The Monk and the Peasant: A Study of theTraditional Sinhalese Village. Colombo: State PrintingCorporation, 1993.

Dhammavisuddhi Thera, Y. The Buddhist Sagha in Ceylon (CircaA.D. 12001400). Ph.D. diss., University of London, 1970.

. Katikawatwalata Peravadanak saha Polonnaru DambadeniKatikawatwalin Heliwana Aitihasika Toraturu. Masters thesis,Vidyalankara University of Ceylon, 1965.

. Lineage of the Dharmakrtis of Palbatgala Vanavsa.Journal of the Vidyalankara University of Ceylon 1/2 (1972): 18.

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Dharmadasa, K. N. O. The Gainnns: A Peculiar Development ofthe Sagha in Eighteenth Century Sri Lanka. In Studies inBuddhism and Culture: In Honour of Professor Dr. EgakuMayeda on his Sixty-fifth Birthday, 16174. Tokyo: SankiboBusshorin, 1991.

. Life of Sri Lankan Bhikkhu After Upasampad. InContemporary Buddhism in Sri Lanka (Gendai Suriranka noJza Bukkyo), ed. Egaku Mayeda, 193200. Tokyo: Sankibo,1986.

Evers, Hans-Dieten. Monks, Priests and Peasants: A Study ofBuddhism and Social Structure in Central Ceylon. Leiden: E. J.Brill, 1972.

Gothoni, Rn. Modes of Life of Theravda Monks. Helsinki: FinnishOriental Society, 1982.

Gunasingha, Newton. The Symbolic Role of the Sagha. LankaGuardian, 15 October, 1986, 910.

Gunawardana, R. A. L. H. Robe and Plough: Monasticism andEconomic Interest in Early Medieval Sri Lanka. Tucson, Ariz.:University of Arizona Press, 1979.

Jayatilaka, D. B. Reformation of the Sagha and Revival ofBuddhism in Ceylon in the Eighteenth Century. In B.C. LawVolume, ed. D. R. Bhandarkar et al. Poona: Bhandarkar OrientalResearch Institute, 1946.

Jayatilaka, D. B. Saraakara: The Last Sagharja of Ceylon.Colombo: Lankabhinava Vissruta Press, 1934.

248


Kemper, Steven. Buddhism without Bhikkhus. In Religion andLegitimation of Power in Sri Lanka, ed. Bardwell L. Smith, 21235. Chambersburg, Pa.: Anima Books, 1978.

. The Buddhist Monkhood, the Law and the State in ColonialSri Lanka. Comparative Studies in Society and History 26(1984): 40127.

. Wealth and Reformation in Sinhalese BuddhistMonasticism. In Ethics, Wealth and Salvation: A Study inBuddhist Social Ethics, ed. Russell F. Sizemore and Donald K.Swearer, 15269. Columbia, S.C.: University of South CarolinaPress, 1990.

Kotelawele, D. A. New Light on the Life of Sagharja WeliviaSaraakara. Journal of the Vidyalankara University of Ceylon1/1 (1972): 11924.

Kumoi, Shozen and Nobuaki Kamiya. Types of Monasteries and theDaily Life of Monks in Sri Lanka. In Contemporary Buddhismin Sinhalese Society, ed. Egaku Mayeda, 2130. Nagoya:Aichigakuin University, 1982.

Liyanagamage, Amaradasa. The Influence of Caste on the BuddhistSagha in Ancient and Early Medieval Sri Lanka. Kalyi:Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University ofKelaniya 1 (1982): 4883.

Panabokke, G. The Evolution and the History of the BuddhistMonastic Order, with Special Reference to the Sagha inCeylon. Ph.D. diss., University of Lancaster, 1969.

249


Rahula, Walpola. The Heritage of the Bhikkhu: A Short History of theBhikkhu in the Educational, Cultural, Social and Political Life.New York: Grove Press, 1974.

Ratanasara, H. Calling for a Positive Role for Bhikkhus in theNational Leadership. Colombo: Marga Institute, 1974 pp.12-34.

Ratnapala, Nandasena. The Katikvatas: Laws of the Buddhist Orderof Ceylon from the 12th Century to the 18th Century. Mnchen:Mnchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft, 1971.

Report of Commissioners Appointed to Inquire into theAdministration of the Buddhist Temporalities. Sessional Paperof the Legislative Council 187677, no. 17. Colombo:Government Press, 1876.

Rogers, John D. Religious Belief, Economic Interest, and SocialPolicy: Temple Endowments in Sri Lanka during theGovernorship of William Gregory 187277. Modern AsianStudies 21/2 (1987): 34969.

Rohanadeera, Mendis. Hasa Sanday Vanaratana MhimiParapura Kiyavena Dasa Pada Shlla. Vidyodaya Journal ofArts, Sciences and Letters 2/1 (1969): 4348.

. r Lakv Sagha Savidhnaya: Mga kramaaye siaPtugsi gamanaya dakv, Kri. Va. 1215 Kri. Va. 1505.Nuggoa: Dpni, 1974.

Smith, Bardwell. Kingship, the Sagha, and the Process ofLegitimation in Anurdhapura Ceylon. In Religion andLegitimation of Power in Sri Lanka, ed. Bardwell L. Smith, 96106. Chambersburg, Pa.: Anima Books, 1978.

250


Suraweera, A. V. The Imprisonment of Sagharja Saraakara.Vidyodaya Journal of Arts, Sciences and Letters 1/1 (1968): 5357.

Wachissara, Koagama. Saraakara Sagharja Samaya. Colombo,1963.

. Vlivia Saraakara and the Revival of Buddhism in Ceylon.Ph.D. diss., University of London, 1961.

Woodhouse, G. W. Sissiynu Sissiya Paraparva, and OtherLaws Relating to Buddhist Priests in Ceylon. Ceylon Antiquaryand Literary Register 3 (191718): 17485; 28190.

Yalman, Nur. The Ascetic Buddhist Monks of Ceylon. Ethnology 1(1962): 31528.

Theravda Buddhism

Bond, George D. Theravda Buddhisms Two Formulations of theDasa Sla and the Ethics of the Gradual Path. In PliBuddhism, ed. Frank J. Hoffman and Deegalle Mahinda, 1742. London: Curzon Press, 1996.

. The Word of the Buddha: The Tripiaka and its Interpretationin Theravda Buddhism. Colombo: M. D. Gunasena, 1982.

Carter, John Ross. The Buddhist Tradition. In Modern Sri Lanka: ASociety in Transition, ed. Tissa Fernando and Robert N.Kearney, 181200. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1979.

251


. Dhamma: Western Academic and Sinhalese BuddhistInterpretations. Tokyo: Hokuseido Press, 1978.

. The Threefold Refuge in the Theravda Buddhist Tradition.Chambersburg, Pa.: Anima Books, 1982.

. On Understanding Buddhists: Essays on the TheravdaTradition in Sri Lanka. Albany, N.Y.: State University of NewYork Press, 1993.

Collins, Steven. Buddhist Felicities. Cambridge: CambridgeUniversity Press, 1996.

. The Discourse on What Is Primary (Aggaa Sutta): AnAnnotated Translation. Journal of Indian Philosophy 21 (1993):30193.

. Notes on Some Oral Aspects of Pli Literature. Indo-Iranian Journal 35 (1992): 12135.

. Selfless Persons: Imagery and Thought in TheravdaBuddhism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982.

. On the Very Idea of the Pli Canon. Journal of the PliText Society 15 (1990): 89126.

. What Are Buddhists Doing When They Deny the Self. InReligion and Practical Reason, ed. Frank E. Reynolds and DavidTracy, 5986. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New YorkPress, 1994.

Cone, Margaret, and Richard F. Gombrich. The Perfect Generosity ofPrince Vessantara. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1977.

252


Day, Terence P. Great Tradition and Little Tradition in TheravdaBuddhist Studies. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 1988.

Dharmasiri, Gunapala. A Buddhist Critique of Theravda. In PliBuddhism, ed. Frank J. Hoffman and Deegalle Mahinda, 14156.London: Curzon Press, 1996.

Gombrich, Richard F. Kosala-Bimba-Vaan. In Buddhism inCeylon and Studies on Religious Syncretism in BuddhistCountries, ed. Heinz Bechert, 281303. Gttingen:Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1978.

. Theravda Buddhism: A Social History from Ancient Benaresto Modern Colombo. London and New York: Routledge &Kegan Paul, 1988.

Hallisey, Charles. The Sutta on Nibbna as a Great City. InBuddhist Essays: In Honour of Hammalawa Saddhtissa, ed.Pollamure Sorata et al., 3867. London: Sri SaddhatissaInternational Buddhist Centre, 1992.

Hoffman, Frank J. Eva me suta: Oral Tradition in NikyaBuddhism. In Texts in Context: Traditional Hermeneutics inSouth Asia, ed. Jeffrey R. Timm, 195219. Albany, N.Y.: StateUniversity of New York Press, 1992.

. Orientalism in Buddhology. In Pli Buddhism, ed. FrankJ. Hoffman and Deegalle Mahinda, 20726. London: CurzonPress, 1996.

Holt, John Clifford. The Religious World of Krt r. Oxford: OxfordUniversity Press, 1996.

253


Houtart, Francois. Religion and Ideology in Sri Lanka. Colombo:Hansa Publishers, 1974.

Keown, Damien. The Nature of Buddhist Ethics. New York: St.Martins Press, 1992.

. Morality in the Visuddhimagga. Journal of theInternational Association of Buddhist Studies 6/1 (1983): 6175.

Palihawadana, Mahinda. Dhamma Today and Tomorrow. InReligiousness in Sri Lanka, ed. John Ross Carter, 12947.Colombo: Marga Institute, 1979.

Pli Buddhism. Edited by Frank J. Hoffman and Deegalle Mahinda.London: Curzon Press, 1996.

Premasiri, P. D. Buddhism: Philosophy as a Way of Life. Sri LankaJournal of Buddhist Studies 5 (1996): 4256.

Reynolds, Frank E. Ethics and Wealth in Theravda Buddhism: AStudy in Comparative Religious Ethics. In Ethics, Wealth, andSalvation: A Study in Buddhist Social Ethics, ed. Russell F.Sizemore and Donald K. Swearer, 5976. Columbia, SC:University of South Carolina Press, 1990.

Sumangala, Kannimahara. The Tradition Needs Review: AnExamination of Possibilities of Refining TheravdaInterpretation. In Religiousness in Sri Lanka, ed. John RossCarter, 11327. Colombo: Marga Institute, 1979.

Tennekoon, Serena. An Introduction to Three SociologicallySignificant Buddhist Concepts: Kamma, Dna, Dhamma.Colombo: Marga Institute, 1981.

254


Tetley, N. The Doctrine of Rebirth in Theravda Buddhism. D. Phil.thesis, University of Bristol, 1990.

Women in Sinhala Buddhism

Bartholemeusz, Tessa. The Female Mendicant in Buddhist SriLanka. In Buddhism, Sexuality, and Gender, ed. Jos IgnacioCabezn, 3761. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New YorkPress, 1992.

. Women Under the Bo Tree: Buddhist Nuns in Sri Lanka.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

Bloss, Lowell L. The Female Renunciants of Sri Lanka: TheDasasilmattawa. Journal of the International Association ofBuddhist Studies 10/1 (1987): 731.

Deegalle, Mahinda. Does Feminism Challenge Buddhism? VesakHanda 41 (1990): 137140.

Richard F. Gombrich. Feminine Elements in Sinhalese Buddhism, I: Buddha Mother, II: Buddha by His Mothers Blessing. Wiener Zeitschrift fr die Kunde Sdasiens 16 (1972): 6793.Gunawardana, R. A. L. H. Subtile Silk of Ferreous Firmness:

Buddhist Nuns in Ancient and Early Medieval Sri Lanka andtheir Role in the Propagation of Buddhism. Sri Lanka Journalof the Humanities 14 (12), (1988: published in 1990): 159.

Munasinghe, Indrani. Religious Life of Women in Ancient SriLanka. University of Colombo Review 5 (December 1985): 119.

255


Nissan, Elizabeth. Recovering Practice: Buddhist Nuns in SriLanka. South Asia Research 4/1 (1984): 3249.

Salgado, Nirmala S. Custom and Tradition in Buddhist Society: ALook at Some Dasa Sil Matas from Sri Lanka. Colombo:International Centre for Ethnic Studies, n.d.

Seneviratne, Maureen. Some Women of the Mahvasa andCulavasa. Colombo: H. W. Cave & Co., 1969.

Wood, Jessica. Buddhist Nuns in Sri Lanka. Bachelors thesis,Lancaster University, 1977.

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Documents

A Bibliography on Sinhala Buddhism