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ABriefHistoryofPhotography
Introduc)ontoDigitalPhotography
DISCLAIMER
Thispresenta<onisrated:
PG13
Thispresenta)onisratedPG13bytheMo)onPictureAssocia)onofAmericaforcontroversialsubjectmaAerandnudity.However,sincethesetopicsarepresentedinaFineArtsclass,itisokay.
Ifyouthinkyoumightbeuncomfortableviewingthematerialofthispresenta)onatthis)me,pleasefeelfreetoleavetheclass.Seeyounextweek.
DevelopmentofPhotography
• Whenwasthefirstphotographmade?
DevelopmentofPhotography• World’sfirstphotograph?– ShroudofTurinmightbetheworld’soldestphotograph.
– NicholasAllendescribestechniquesinPhDthesis.
hAp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Full_length_nega)ves_of_the_shroud_of_Turin.jpg
DevelopmentofPhotography
• 5th&4thcenturiesBCE:ChinesephilosopherMoTi,Greekmathema)ciansAristotleandEucliddescribeapinholecamera
• 6thcentury:AnthemiusofTrallesusedaformofcameraobscura
• 10thcentury:Ibnal-Haythamstudiesthepinholecameraandcameraobscura,writestheBookofOp(cs
DevelopmentofPhotography
• cameraobscurabox,room(offCentralPark,NYC)
DevelopmentofPhotography
• AlbertusMagnus(1206-80)discoverssilvernitrate(precursorfordiscoveringsilverchloride[discoveredbyGeorgesFabricius(1516-71)],usedformakingphotographicpaper)
• DanielBarbarodescribesadiaphragm(1568)• WhihelmHombergdescribeshowlightdarkenssomechemicals(photochemicaleffect)in1694
DevelopmentofPhotography
• JosephNicéphoreNiépce– Firstpermanentphotograph(1826),laterdestroyed
– Diedin1833– WorkedwithLouisDaguerredevelopingsilverprocess
ViewfromtheWindowatLeGras(c.1826)hAp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:View_from_the_Window_at_Le_Gras,_Joseph_Nicéphore_Niépce.jpg
DevelopmentofPhotography
• LouisDaguerre– Firstcommercially(economically)viablephotographicprocessusingsilveredcopperplates(daguerreotype)
– Frenchgovernmentbuyspatent,immediatelyputsitintothepublicdomain
BoulevardduTemple(c.1838/9)hAp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Boulevard_du_Temple_by_Daguerre.jpg/640px-Boulevard_du_Temple_by_Daguerre.jpg
DevelopmentofPhotography
• FoxTalbot– Developedcalotype(1840)usingpaper,improvementonDaguerre’smethod
• GeorgeEastman– RefinesTalbot’smethod,founda)onofmodernfilmcamera
– 1901:KodakBrowniecamera,firstmassmarketcamera
DevelopmentofPhotography
• WillardBoyle&GeorgeSmith/AT&TBellLabs– Charge-coupleddevice(CCD)invented(1969)
• BryceBayerdevelopsBayerfiltermosaicpaAern(1975)
• Kodakdevelopsfirstmegapixelsensor(1986)
DevelopmentofPhotography
• Firstdigitalcamera(Kodak)(1975)• 0.01Megapixels• Blackandwhiteonly• 23secondstorecordimagetodatatape
DevelopmentofPhotography• TimBerners-Lee– Firstdigitalimagepostedonline(1992)
hAp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Les_Horribles_CerneAes_in_1992.jpg
PhotographicTechniques
• Stereophotography:VenusauBain(c.1850)
hAp://www.flickr.com/photos/photohistory)meline/3037640857/in/set-72157610116870449/lightbox/
PhotographicTechniques
• Photocomposi)on:TheTwoWaysofLife(1857)
hAp://www.codex99.com/photography/images/rejlander_lg.jpg
PhotographicTechniques
• Photojournalism:AlexanderGardner(CivilWar)
hAp://www.flickr.com/photos/photohistory)meline/3243507419/in/set-72157610135585093
PhotographicTechniques
• Science:Carpenter&Nasmyth(1874)
hAp://www.flickr.com/photos/photohistory)meline/3038948147/in/set-72157610181190078
PhotographicTechniques
• Hoax:Lincoln–Calhoun1860
hAp://www.ikono.tv/ikonotv/wp-content/uploads/Ohne-Titel27.jpg
PhotographicTechniques• Darkroommanipula)on:AnselAdams
PhotographicTechniques• Darkroommanipula)on:AnselAdams
hAp://www.evanbaines.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/moonrise.jpg