Upload
sharlene-ford
View
218
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
A CC perspective on the three Cs:Collaboration, Communication and Capacity building
Anne KelsoDirector
WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza
5th WHO National Influenza Centres Meeting, Vientiane, June 2011
The three Cs
Collaboration
Communication
Capacity building (Patrick Reading)
• virological surveillance and isolation of vaccine viruses• research
Collaboration in virological surveillance and isolation of vaccine viruses
Countries that submitted samples to WHO CCs in 2010
US CDC (Atlanta) NIMR (London) VIDRL (Melbourne) NIID (Tokyo) CCDC (Beijing)
Collaboration in virological surveillance and isolationof vaccine viruses (1)
What CCs need from NICs:
What NICs need from CCs:
Collaboration in virological surveillance and isolationof vaccine viruses (1)
What CCs need from NICs:
What NICs need from CCs:
• Urgent submission of any novel or unsubtypable viruses• Submission of representative recent circulating viruses to provide a global picture and contribute to vaccine strain selection by WHO• Any relevant clinical or epidemiological information• Submission of some clinical specimens for isolation of vaccine candidates
Collaboration in virological surveillance and isolationof vaccine viruses (1)
What CCs need from NICs:
What NICs need from CCs:
• Urgent submission of any novel or unsubtypable viruses• Submission of representative recent circulating viruses to provide a global picture and contribute to vaccine strain selection by WHO• Any relevant clinical or epidemiological information• Submission of some clinical specimens for isolation of vaccine candidates
• Urgent identification of novel or unsubtypable viruses• Rapid reporting of results for circulating viruses (eg, strains, antiviral drug resistance) • Availability of vaccines matched to circulating viruses in your country• Anything else?
Collaboration in virological surveillance and isolationof vaccine viruses (2)
Novel and unsubtypable viruses:
• Contact us first:- email, telephone, fax, smoke signals… (not facebook or twitter!)
• We can discuss technical issues, compare primer sequences, etc
• We can prepare to receive the viruses
• Send us the viruses as soon as possible
• Urgent samples go to the front of the queue!
• We will contact you about the results as soon as we have them.
Timing of virus submission to CCs: strain selection
WHO Consultation forSouthern Hemisphere
WHO Consultation forNorthern Hemisphere
Collaboration in virological surveillance and isolationof vaccine viruses (3)
Representative recent circulating viruses:
• Send some viruses as often as you can
• They are most useful if they are recent
• Send some early in your season as well as later, so we have results in time for WHO Consultation
• Inter-season viruses are also useful
• Send us clinical or epidemiological information if you have it.
We are testing a new electronic submission form – easier for NICs?
Collaboration in virological surveillance and isolationof vaccine viruses (4)
Representative recent circulating viruses:
• We will report HI and antiviral resistance results as soon as we have them
• Reporting time depends on….shipping timedelays in customs if we don’t know samples are comingwhether virus needs to be isolatedhow easily it grows in MDCK cellshow many other viruses arrive at same timehow urgent
• Please tell us if you need more information or explanation of results in reports.
* Samples received in the year following sample date
Samples submitted to WHO CC at VIDRL, 2007 – 2010
4044 samples47 laboratories20 countries
Analysis of submitted viruses at WHO CC
Clinicalspecimen
Antigenic analysis (HI, MN)
HA and NA sequence
Antiviral drug sensitivity(phenotypic, genotypic assays)
Other testing(eg, human serology)
Confirm HI & sequence
Raise ferret antiserum
Egg isolate
Vaccine candidates
Isolate
MDCK isolateMDCKcells
Eggs
PCR Sequence
What else do we do with submitted viruses?
• Supply HI data to Cambridge University for antigenic cartography
• Raise post-infection ferret antisera against interesting viruses
• Full genome sequencing; test for reassortment (pyrosequencing)
• Follow up viruses showing unusual neuraminidase inhibitor resistance
• Analyse reactivity of serum panels from vaccine trials (Australia, Japan, Europe, US) with recent reference strains
• Prepare reagent kits for provision to requesting laboratories
• Study pathogenicity, transmission and immunological responses in ferrets
The importance of egg-isolated viruses
• Regulators require that influenza vaccine viruses are isolated and passaged exclusively in hen’s eggs (or primary egg-derived cells).
• WHO Collaborating Centres obtain egg isolates as candidate vaccine strains for provision to vaccine manufacturers (after reasssortment of type A viruses).
• Viruses are adapted growth in eggs by amniotic passage then growth in the allantoic cavity.
Timing of virus submission to CCs: vaccine candidates
WHO Consultation forSouthern Hemisphere
WHO Consultation forNorthern Hemisphere
WHO recommendations for seasonal vaccinesYear Month A(H1N1) A(H3N2) B
2000 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Moscow/10/99 B/Beijing/184/93
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Moscow/10/99 B/Sichuan/379/99
2001 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Moscow/10/99 B/Sichuan/379/99
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Moscow/10/99 B/Sichuan/379/99
2002 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Moscow/10/99 B/Hong Kong/330/2001
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Moscow/10/99 B/Hong Kong/330/2001
2003 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Moscow/10/99 B/Hong Kong/330/2001
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Fujian/411/2002 B/Hong Kong/330/2001
2004 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Fujian/411/2002 B/Shanghai/361/2002
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Wellington/1/2004 B/Shanghai/361/2002
2005 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/California/7/2004 B/Shanghai/361/2002
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/California/7/2004 B/Malaysia/2506/2004
2006 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Wisconsin/67/2005 B/Malaysia/2506/2004
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Wisconsin/67/2005 B/Malaysia/2506/2004
2007 February A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 A/Wisconsin/67/2005 B/Malaysia/2506/2004
September A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 A/Brisbane/10/2007 B/Florida/4/2006
2008 February A/Brisbane/59/2007 A/Brisbane/10/2007 B/Florida/4/2006
September A/Brisbane/59/2007 A/Brisbane/10/2007 B/Florida/4/2006
2009 February A/Brisbane/59/2007 A/Brisbane/10/2007 B/Brisbane/60/2008
September A/California/7/2009 (pdm) A/Perth/16/2009 B/Brisbane/60/2008
2010 February A/California/7/2009 A/Perth/16/2009 B/Brisbane/60/2008
SH 2010
NH 2010-11
SH 2011
NH 2011-12
September A/California/7/2009 A/Perth/16/2009 B/Brisbane/60/2008
2011 February A/California/7/2009 A/Perth/16/2009 B/Brisbane/60/2008
WHO recommended vaccine viruses from WPRYear Month A(H1N1) A(H3N2) B
2000 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 B/Beijing/184/93
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 B/Sichuan/379/99
2001 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 B/Sichuan/379/99
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 B/Sichuan/379/99
2002 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 B/Hong Kong/330/2001
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 B/Hong Kong/330/2001
2003 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 B/Hong Kong/330/2001
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Fujian/411/2002 B/Hong Kong/330/2001
2004 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Fujian/411/2002 B/Shanghai/361/2002
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 A/Wellington/1/2004 B/Shanghai/361/2002
2005 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 B/Shanghai/361/2002
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 B/Malaysia/2506/2004
2006 February A/New Caledonia/20/99 B/Malaysia/2506/2004
September A/New Caledonia/20/99 B/Malaysia/2506/2004
2007 February A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 B/Malaysia/2506/2004
September A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 A/Brisbane/10/2007
2008 February A/Brisbane/59/2007 A/Brisbane/10/2007
September A/Brisbane/59/2007 A/Brisbane/10/2007
2009 February A/Brisbane/59/2007 A/Brisbane/10/2007 B/Brisbane/60/2008
September A/Perth/16/2009 B/Brisbane/60/2008
2010 February A/Perth/16/2009 B/Brisbane/60/2008
SH 2010
NH 2010-11
SH 2011
NH 2011-12
September A/Perth/16/2009 B/Brisbane/60/2008
2011 February A/Perth/16/2009 B/Brisbane/60/2008
Collaboration in research
Collaboration in research: the goal….
• Collaboration on projects of mutual interest where each party brings specific expertise and/or resources (viruses, data, techniques etc)
For example:
with authors from Australia, South Africa, Cambodia, Thailand, Taiwan, New Caledonia, Macao, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines and New Zealand
• If we can help with your research, please let us know.
Emergence and spread of oseltamivir-resistant A(H1N1) influenza viruses in Oceania, South East Asia and South Africa
Aeron C. Hurt, Joanne Ernest, Yi-Mo Deng, Pina Iannello, Terry G. Besselaar, Chris Birch, Philippe Buchy, Malinee Chittaganpitch, Shu-Chun Chiu, Dominic Dwyer, Aurélie Guigon, Bruce Harrower, Ip Peng Kei, Tuckweng Kok, Cui Lin, Ken McPhie, Apandi Mohd, Remigio Olveda, Tony Panayotou, William Rawlinson, Lesley Scott, David Smith, Holly D'Souza, Naomi Komadina, Robert Shaw, Anne Kelso and Ian G. Barr
Antiviral Research 83(1): 90 – 93 (2009)
Communication
Communication
How can we help each other through communication?
• Good human relationships underpin all successful endeavours
• Share virological, technical and other information so we can help each other and do our own work more effectively
• Strengthen our collaborative networks.
MeetTalk
EmailReportBrowse
www.influenzacentre.org
The three Cs
Collaboration
Communication
Capacity building (Patrick Reading)
• virological surveillance and isolation of vaccine viruses• research
Acknowledgements
WHO National Influenza Centres and other submitting laboratories
WHO Collaborating Centres and others in GISRS
Staff of the Melbourne WHO Collaborating Centre:
The Melbourne WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza
is supported by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing.
Chantal Baas, Ian Barr, Iwona Buettner, Natalie Caldwell, Louise Carolan, Michelle Chow, Yi-Mo Deng, Joelle Dharmakumara, Chris Durrant, Aeron Hurt, Pina Iannello, Naomi Komadina, Karen Laurie, Leah Leang, Tasoula Mastorakos, Katie O’Bryan, Heidi Peck, Patrick Reading, Rob Shaw, Helen Sjogren