A Chapter on Lettering

7/29/2019 A Chapter on Lettering

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CHAPTERON

LETTERING

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-


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CHAPTERON

LETTERINGSAMPLES OF

Figures, Headings, Initials,Scrolls and Titles.

PRICE 25 CENTS.

THE BROWNING PRESSCOLLINWOOD, OHIO


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CONTENTS. < *+Sample Style of LetteringPractice SheetCommon Errors in Mechanical DrawingsBlock Type .Fancy LettersInitial LettersMonograms .Headings and Show CardsScrolls and Tail PiecesTitles on DrawingsBordersTitle Plate .

JEHARYofCONGRESTwo OoDfes ReceivedAPR 25 1906 C/py right Entry

CL/SS ds'XXt, Noit/U. ftf.o.^copy b;

3467

*318202124252728

REMARKS.The sketches for the following pages were made by Mr. E. H. Browning, Mr. W.

E. King, Mr. C. C. Riester, Mr. F. H. Sibley, Mr. J. S. Meyers and Mr. W. A.Thompson.ERRATA.

Page 2, under "Form of Letters," read Fig. 7 instead of Fig. 5.Page 3, Fig. 9 should read Fig. 7.

SECOND .EDITION

Copyrighted hyW . D . BROWNING

COLLINWOOI), O.1906


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4^A CHAPTER ON LETTERING9s

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t ' .T is not so much theidea of instruction asto the forming ofletters and figures asin more extensivetext- books, as it is

to give a collection of alphabets,headings, titles and borders thatwill aid the student in the arrange-ment of such things on drawings.The student will do well to make

a collection of engravings, fulldesigns, letterings, comics, figures,initials, tail-pieces, etc., from cata-logues, magazines, papers, books,etc, and to put them in a scrapbook for future use.

A1137 of the many styles of pensused for writing may be used forfree-hand lettering, but the tee-

Fig. 2How to hold a ruling pen.square and ruling pen and compasswill be needed for many of theother styles. The pen which isbest adapted for a certain piece of

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Slant and Form of Letters.ink and wiping several times, or bymoistening with the tongue. Thepen should be wiped clean everytime it is laid away, and should notbe used in common writing inks,for they will corroae it badly.Keep the bottle off the drawing,

and take the pen to the ink, andcarry it carefully to avoid a blot.Assume an easy position as in

writing, and avoid gripping the pento cramp the fingers.

ordinarily an angle of 45 with thehorizontal will suffice for the upstrokes and the axis of ellipses,excepting that of the letter O. Thelatter angle will have to be increasedof course when the lettering is com-pressed as shown in Fig. 5.An angle of 6o with the hori-zontal (Fig. 4) will make the letterlay over considerable more than inFig. 2 , but stili makes a good look-ing letter. It is very importantthat all letters in the same word andsentence have the same inclination.

Ex te.n c/& el Le tt&ringis used for Emphas/s

Fig. 6.The Form of Letters.

Almost every curve of the lettersand figures of the vertical andinclined types may be considered asembodied in the letter o or O, so

that it would be well for theCompressed" 9^^lf!zJf^^A^ student to practice on it

until he can make it neatly,as indicated in Fig. 5.

Fig. 3. Fig. 4.Never use a blotter on the letter-

ing as one does in writing, but allowthe ink time to dry, thus avoidingbrown and thin lines. When the

tosave space or?a drawingFig. 5.

flow has been too rapid, and the inkis piled high, tear off a piece of theblotter and bring the tip down tothe top of the globule of ink toabsorb some of it without spreadingit over the paper, as is the case ifthe blotter is laid flat upon the ink.The student, and in fact the drafts-man, should lay out guide lines for

the height and slant of the lines.The Slant of Letters.

It has been suggested by Mr.Reinhardt that a slope of 1 to 2^(Fig. 3) is sufficient for the stemsor down strokes of the letters, and

Style of Letters.An easy style of lettering is shownin Fig. 7, and the height may bemade as shown in Fig. 8. Dividethe body into three and the totalheight into five parts, except the /,which should be only four parts.

Printers class the letters such as, 6, c, /, o, &c, as " lower case"letters,and C,D,X,Y8lc. as "caps,"or "upper case" letters. So that a"font" of type is a quantity madeup of upper and lower case letters.The practice sheet (Fig. 9) is

arranged to go on a sheet [4 x 19,


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with border 13" x 17", allowing i-J"margin at the left and " at the top,bottom and right, leaving room for atitle in the lower right hand corner.If some of the lettering is cramped,and the lines do not fill out, simplyrepeat some of the words or figures.

Fig. 8.Following the practice sheet is a

plate giving a few "Common Errorsin Mechanical Drawing," whichwill no doubt give suggestions thatwill be of value to the student.

The Block Type.On page 8 is another sheet tLatma3' be used as a practice sheet,though on much smaller paper, andthe block type (p. 6) could be ar-ranged for a class sheet too. (Seethat the letter J is made right.

This type is arranged on the basisof 5 squares high and in most cases4 squares wide, except /, Wand M.By using the compass with centers

at the center of the second squarefrom side or top, the rounded typeis produced (Fig. 10).The type shown afthe left on p. 7

is built up on the body of that on p. 6,but appears to show a side and bot-tom of the letter, this being accom-plished by aid of the 45 triangle,going down or up as desired to -J ofthe next square. This offset may beblacker, shaded or open, as shown.

Suggestions.Following these are styles of letters

and figures that can be used in vari-ous ways,such as headings, titles, &c.

In all cases of lettering it is betterfor the student if he will sketch inthe letters with pencil, and note ifthe whole lay-out is symmetricalwith a center line. It so often hap-pens that inscriptions, headings andtitles are placed "any old way,"

Fig. 9.


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Practice Plate.

with no respect to a center line.This will again be taken up under

the heading of "Titles," in anotherpart of this booklet.

PRACTICE PLATE-1


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Sample Sheet.

A Sample Sheet

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ffi- ^~ ^ ft&4s? * 5, SR #

*s o

5 |

N 'V v > * ^

* a t # 7 q

Sff7*?F

i s

cj^o ,S-> ^.; u cy

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Common Errors in Mechanical Drawing.

Common Errors in Mechrnicrl Drrwing.

Superfluous DimensionsPoorly disposed, Impor-tant ONE OMITTED,no distinction in weightof Lines.

WBMEpRoptRLy Dimensioned.Clerr Distinction.5\oe View Omitted.

R 8 pi o Link.

R Good Lime,.

I

Werkeneo by ErasureR BHD Dotted LineAN RVERR&E ONE

JWhich Line DoesThe RRROw Mern?


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Block Letters.

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Sffi1 fflFR3*FR=S a55 Sam ZZKSI IFIG. 11Plain Block Letters and Figures. (J is wrong.)BOTE s

I SB w*FIG. 12Plain Block fetters Rounded.


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Samples of Lettering.

$p

IJ

Ml9[fjjfj

^P =3

J

Of(Sjl (P^ (ST

Ik, ^4 (kgIHnl

^3^w gra

3nur

Jx^

e.

t (J f2 "- US)4 ^ a? ' cD

*N 3tA* : c"C2> ssc P s? Jrs h- ** o(A

aQ C^kj EU Cu^^ C\JCOCD J< Z *>


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Practice Plate.

GHIJ KLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZd.,-:;3nbnderg tTtjklnnnopqrstuv\A/xyzABCDETrGH/JKLMNORQRSTUVWXYZ /23456 73.obcofefgh/jk/mnopqrs tuvwxjsz.6AB CDE FGHIJAZJ^VXYZ.OPQftSTLTWVYZ 34 5 67 8 97abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz.Q abcd-efghijklmnopqrstiivwxyz.9 ABCDEFGMUKLrr>r>OPQRSTUVWXYZ a. 12 34567590781&bcdefqhijklmnopqrstuvwxYZl0a&CDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ & 1234-567890abcdefqhjjklmnopqrst uvwxyzEACH ONE ON HEAVY DRAWING PAPER*ABOUT SEVEN BY ELEVEN INCMESFor lettering working drawings.

PFW3LEM PLATEINSTRUMENTAL ANDFREE UhND

/LjET/ffr/VPrPROBLEM 4 4. Si*


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IO Egyptian Letters.

bea


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Roman Lette7's. T I

:ho


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Skeleton Letters.&% JV2 OfOQ*

DS efei

it$s

it?

8 ^

r


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Shaded and Fa?icy. 13


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H Heavy Body.

op3t3 Uni


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i6 Fancy Block Lettering.

-1'/.'N


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Rounded Block and Roman.

*&**Rou.2idedBloc2c &****

^EOMtAN^


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i8 Initial Letters.

INITIAL LETTERS.

THESE are usually placed at thebeginning of achapter. Some-times each main section of a chap-ter is honored with an initial letter.The same style is generally re-

tained throughout the book as wellas on the cover, a type being selectedand used for the complete work.

fSlold BlackIJJICcttcrs %were as early

TJJLANP TYPE I-S

}$ 1450.%M %

m4-

H ElUW

rtttly vr/thatonlyhowcanposiNowwe ehismearunwhere aThe M

old ivnd

ome possible and ^possiblerSe effects for Initials j^Ktheinland type FOUNDERS CO..PBlanchard Series C*p* &c rxl*'e~ts. E>eirx9 dorve ta peMnk as a >study for effect-ive Initial display.Besides demonstrating tine useof Blanchard Face for Initial , theillustrations


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Initial Letters. *9


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20 Monograms.

&


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Headings and Cards. 21HEADINGS AND CARDS.

HE same style of type should be used for the headings throughout abook, magazine or catalog. Page headings may be plain or ornamental.

R.E.MARTIN,

I

CARTER CO. _J: W. F\os . HARRIS* CO.*rr


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22 Headings and Cards.

p &


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Headings and Cards.

Tte He\fJk 1

ArchitccturajuJWL

ECHANICAL.


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24 Scrolls and Tail Pieces.SCROLLS AND TAIL PIECES.

A few scrolls and tail pieces are here shown.

=?^QSC^ ^^j '":*":':;;,2" "XJi^^lS^ -ts^&Ssfy''''*^r~L/0t' ;i: --;';

_J W~ v(^;- *V~i/ i/ey *.";]~y^~ y^^^^&^?f


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Titles of Drawings. 25

TITLES OF DRAWINGS.

THE title of the drawing is theinscription describing what the

drawing is supposed to represent,the name of the firm for whommade, and the maker and date.

This title may be ornamental orplain, as the draftsman thinks best.

In some drafting rooms the spaceallotted for the title is filled by afew words and lines put on by arubber stamp, and some additionaldata added by the draftsman.A few forms are here shown togive an idea of the different arrange-ment of wording.A title should first be sketchedout on a piece of paper to get the

arrangement and number of words,and then the style of lettering maybe selected.

.fPRThe Warner&SwaseyCo. Cleveland, 0.DATE _ SCALE

DRAWN BY APPROVED BYM:The lettering is put in so as to

lie equally on each side of the cen-ter line, as shown in the followingillustrations, which are shown halfskeleton and half finished.

3.L3JL34-'

Bridge 720 B/g /?un, Evansv/V/e, JJrizono.M. K. anc/ T Ry. M/ddleD/v.3 Spans, S/ny/& 7?~t.JAl/JA$fL....M&deby.^Z^T. T>M_#/2fJ>-Rev^..&/jQ_Chocked by. jEz/: JD&L*J?/23/6 03/j///?e

X^^"es&Ms&Showing title put on with stamp and pen, also sizes of border

lines of Drawing, Tracing and Blue Print.


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26 Title,

^HBMBUI|La,XCJ[[MTlfV 71 I IT I I IS OL

BETADLi OFffboiArct;,Go

Sa @VE8pME/CirROCK ISLAND) ARSENALROCK ISJLaMB 2HUL.


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Fancy Borders.

FANCY BORDERS.27

Some fancy border lines are here shown that can be used for generaldrawings and title sheets.


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28 A Title Plate.A TITLE PLATE

This plate is on paper 14x19, with 2" margin on left and i' on right endand 1 " on top and bottom.

The type for this title plate was taken from pages 7 and 8, and theblocks each h inch for the first, third and fifth rows, and J inch eachfor the others.


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APR 2S 1906


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Documents

A Chapter on Lettering