The Poultry Industry Of Pakistan

PRESENTED BY:M. HarisWali Raza

Dated :13th October, 2010

What is Poultry?

Poultry comes from the LATIN word, “POULE”, which means to “HANG”.

Poultry is a category of domesticated birds kept by humans for the purpose of their EGGS and MEAT.

Poultry include Chicken, Turkey, Ducks, and Geese.

Importance of Poultry

In poultry, short period is required for growth and marketing.

Can adjust rapidly to changing economic factors i.e feed, availability, cost, number of birds on feed.

Other livestock industries require longer length of time from birth to market (e.g. Cattle)

Cont...Poultry products are relatively inexpensive.

Poultry meat is considered to be the most hygienic kind of all meats.

Chicken meat and eggs are a rich source of protein which helps in fulfilling the requirement i.e 102.7 grams per head per day.

It has proved to be a profitable business and is a good source of cheap, palatable and nutritious food protein.

Overview• Growth of poultry sector is 15-20 % per annum• Per Capita Consumption is 3.696 Kg• Share in GDP is 1.1% • Share in agriculture GDP is 4.8%• Contribution in total meat production is 23.8%• Number of Poultry Farms is 28,000• Number of Poultry feed mills is 141• Number of Hatcheries is 285 (as per 2008)• Current investment in Poultry Sector is Rs.200 Billion• Directly or indirectly employed people are 1.5 million• Chicken Meat Production in Pakistan is 707(‘000) Tonnes out of

Asia’s 28691.1(‘000) Tonnes.• Currently Pakistan is at the 11th Rank in Asia in Chicken Meat

Production.• Production of Eggs is 11839 Million

Brief history

• Poultry as on commercial scale in the private sector started due to pioneering effect made by PIA in 1965, when the first modern hatchery unit in karachi was established.

• Later on, the investments have taken keen interest in this sector

Cont……

• Result of which substantial development has taken place towards expansion of this industry.

• The commercial poultry farming emerged through the combined efforts of government and private sector.

• Now commercial poultry production is concentrated around the large urban centers in the province of sindh and punjab.

In Sindh and Punjab

• Karachi• Mirpurkhas • Sukkur• Nawabshah • As well as in small

cities

• lahore• Rawalpindi• Bhawalpur• Rahimyar khan• Mianwali• multan

The Poultry Sector

Poultry produced in Pakistan is being developed through two management systems i.e.

•Commercial farming

•Rural poultry farming.

The Poultry Sector

TYPE : Units 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09

Domestic Poultry : Million No’s 74.02 75.11 76.22

Cocks ″ 8.84 9.08 9.32

Hens ″ 34.84 35.47 36.11

Chicken ″ 30.34 30.57 30.79

Eggs ″ 3484 3457 3611

Meat 000 Tons 96.54 98.45 100.41

Commercial Poultry

Layers Million No’s 24.82 26.56 28.42

Broilers ″ 370.70 407.77 448.55

Breeding Stock ″ 7.25 7.61 7.99

Day old Chicks ″ 387.20 425.92 468.51

Eggs ″ 6682 7136 7620

Meat 000 Tons 456.95 501.30 550.00

Total Poultry :

Day old chicks Million No’s 418 456 499

Poultry Birds ″ 477 518 562

Eggs ″ 10197 10711 11258

Poultry Meat 000 Tons 554 601 651

DIVISION OF POULTRY INDUSTRY

• Hatchery sector

• Poultry farming sector

• Feed sector

Division of Poultry Industry

1 Hatchery sector:Backbone of poultry industry.Eggs are placed in incubators for 21 days and day old

chicks sold to the farming sector. Its establishment requires significant investment.

2 Poultry farming sector:Rearing of poultry birds / chicks for meat and eggs is

classified as poultry farming. It is labor intensive and requires investment for working

capital mainly for the purchase of feed, chick, vaccination, etc.

Division of poultry

Poultry farming can further be classified into following three categories:

Breeder FarmingLayer Farming Broiler Framing

3 Feed sector:Major expense in poultry industry.Feed mills requires huge investments for development

of infrastructure.

“70% of the COP is FEED”

Poultry feed comprises of grains, such as;

• Wheat, rice, maize, sorghum 55 to 60%• Canola meal 12 % • Soybean meal 5-8 % • Rice polished 10 % • Guar meal 4-5 % • Sunflower meal 4-5 % • Limestone and di-calcium

phosphate 3-4 %• Millet 3-4 %• Fish meal 3-4 %

Role of FEED

Role of feed and nutrition for livestock production is as essential as management or animal itself but its fiscal contribution surpasses all other aspects. A good nutrition plays a significant role for optimum production and on a scale of 1 to 10, it has rating of 7.

Important Breeds

Some of the important breeds are:

• Buff rock,

• Leghorn,

Important Breeds

• Light Sussex

• Rhodes Island Red

Important Breeds

• Fayoumi

• Dhoki

Environmental Control Houses

Poultry sector is contributing its major share to provide animal protein to common masses and is stiving hard to fulfill the gap of animal protein in the country But this important sector is facing a great problem in the form of heat stress. Hot and humid weather conditions coupled with manual and poor management practices increases the mortality in flocks, depresses their growth and makes poultry production an unmanageable and uneconomical pursuit, resulting into severe shortage of poultry meat.

Cont…

The modern trend of environment control houses (ECH) in poultry production has brought a great revolution in poultry industry of Pakistan in the recent years. This has solved the great hurdle of heat stress in the way economical commercial poultry production. The ECH with evaporative cooling system, providing tunnel ventilation, giving the wind chill has markedly improved the broiler production system. The technology of ECH is rapidly becoming popular among broiler producers due to its significant advantages.

Advantages of ECH• The ECH brings down the temperature by 10 to 15C as compared to the conventional open-sided houses (COH) and makes it comfortable like colder

regions.

• ECH maintains the uniform temperature round the clock providing very conducive environment to the broilers avoiding fluctuation in the day and

night temperature.

• ECH being complete closed system has minimized the incidence of diseases, cutting down the about 60% cost of vaccine and medication against COH.

• Mortality in ECH has been decreased to 2%-3% as compared to 10% in COH.

• Equal distribution of feed and water to broilers through automatic system in ECH has markedly improved the uniformity up to 95% as compared to 75% in COH.

.

DISTRIBUTION

• PRODUCER (88%)

• WHOLESALER ( 9%)

• RETAILER (3%)

Diseases and Side-Effects

Some of the Common Diseases are;

• Newcastle Disease - Affects the digestive, respiratory and/or nervous systems.

• Mycoplasmosis - Affects the respiratory system.

• Gumboro - Affects the immune system

Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)

Avian Influenza is a highly variable disease of domestic and wild birds, caused by viruses and usually characterized by respiratory symptoms.

Clinical Signs of the disease :

1) Ruffled Feathers2) Reduced Egg Production3) Mild effects on the Respiratory System

Suspects of Avian Flu

In December 2007, The Ministry of Health in Pakistan informed WHO of 8 suspected human cases of H5N1 avian influenza infection in the Peshawar area of the country. One of the cases got recovered and a further two suspected cases have since died.

The first human-to-human transmission of Avian flu

in Pakistan was confirmed by WHO in April 2008 when a poultry worker in Peshawar apparently passed the disease on to members of his family.

National Programme for the Control and Prevention of Avian Influenza

This project is of three years duration (2007-2010) having total allocation of Rs. 1180.142 million. The project is aimed at Development Avian Influenza (AI) surveillance & reporting system & Handling AI outbreaks strengthening diagnostic capabilities & AI vaccine quality control in country.

The major achievements of this project

• Established 40 Surveillance unit, 66 Rapid Response Units (RRUs),

• The project collected and analyzed 190,000 swab samples and more than 200,000 blood samples,

• Establishment of Bio Security Lab-3 is under Process,• Disbursed Rs 23.5 million as compensation to Avian

Influenza affected farmers,• Pakistan is maintaining Avian Influenza (bird flu) free status

since June 2008.

Linkages

• Backward– Feed industry– Transportation– Steel and construction-- Electricity -- Fan industry

• Forward – Feed industry– Fertilizers industry– Textile industry

CURRENT PRICING

• OLD DAY CHICK

( BROILER) Rs. 46

• EGGS 30 DOZEN CRATE Rs. 2220

• Feed 50/kg Bag Rs. 1400

• Broiler live/kg Rs 162

Recommendation

• The industry should be encouraged to invest more to modernize in existing plants and also setup new plants.

• Health centers should be opened that would provide veterinary services to poultry farmers

• Quick disease diagnostic facilities.• Improvements in housing and equipment

can provide healthy environment.

Thank you