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A Definitive Guide to DFM Success Injection Molding Issue III Dec 2014

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  • Title

    Subtitle

  • 2 A DEFINITIVE GUIDE TO DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING SUCCESS

    Injection Molding Design Guidelines

    Design Guidelines for Ribs

    Issue III, Dec 2014

  • 3 A DEFINITIVE GUIDE TO DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING SUCCESS

    Copyright Notice

    Geometric Limited. All rights reserved.

    No part of this document (whether in hardcopy or electronic form) may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,

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    the information contained in this document without prior notice.

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    This document is provided by Geometric Limited for informational purposes only, without representation or

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    document. The information contained herein is provided on an AS-IS basis and to the maximum extent permitted

    by applicable law, Geometric Limited hereby disclaims all other warranties and conditions, either express, implied

    or statutory, including but not limited to, any (if any) implied warranties, duties or conditions of merchantability, of

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    THERE IS NO WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF NON-INFRINGEMENT OF ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS WITH

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  • 4 A DEFINITIVE GUIDE TO DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING SUCCESS

    .

    Welcome once again to another issue of DFM Guidebook!

    Whether youre counting down the days to Christmas or finishing your planning for 2015, we thought our DFM guidebook would provide some important tips to help you design effectively in the coming year.

    This week we cover some important guidelines for Injection Molding.

    .

    Injection Molding is one of the most commonly used technique for manufacturing plastic parts. A wide variety of products including automotive interiors, medical devices, packaging to the coolest toys that you gift your little ones on Christmas are manufactured using injection molding.

    Ribs are longitudinal protrusions on a plastic part and are frequently used by product designers in injection molded plastic part designs. They are used to either increase strength of a part or as a decorative feature in the design. In this issue, read important design guidelines for Ribs such as Rib Height and Thickness, Minimum Radius at Base of Ribs, Draft Angle and Maximum Spacing between Two Parallel Ribs.

    If you missed reading previous issues of DFM Guidebook, please visit our website, www.dfmpro.com

    Happy Holidays!

    Rahul Rajadhyaksha Senior Product Manager Geometric Limited

  • 5 A DEFINITIVE GUIDE TO DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING SUCCESS

    Contents

    Recommended Rib Parameters .............................................................................. 6

    Minimum Radius at the Base of Ribs ...................................................................... 7

    Draft Angle for Ribs ................................................................................................. 8

    Spacing Between Two Parallel Ribs ........................................................................ 9

  • 6 A DEFINITIVE GUIDE TO DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING SUCCESS

    Recommended Rib Parameters

    Ribs are thin wall-like protrusions designed in a plastic part. Ribs are used by product designers

    to mainly improve melt flow into a section, like corner or a large boss or to add strength to a

    part.

    The most economical way to increase stiffness of the part is by adding reinforcing ribs. Ribs should be placed on the molds opening direction. For parts under bending, ribs should be placed perpendicular to the bending moment to achieve optimum stiffness.

    However, projections like ribs can cause cavity filling, venting, and ejection and strength problems. The problems are even severe when ribs are taller than recommended height.

    Rib parameters should be considered in correct ratio to avoid defects such as short shots and rib strength. Thick and deep ribs can cause sink marks and filling problems. Deep ribs also lead to ejection problems. If ribs are too long or too wide, supporting ribs may be required.

    As a general guideline, rib height should not be more than 2.5 to 3 times the nominal wall thickness. Similarly, rib thickness at the base should be 0.4 to 0.6 times the nominal wall thickness.

    It is also advisable to use multiple smaller ribs than one large rib as it can lead to voids or sink marks.

    Example

    t = Nominal Wall Thickness

    W = Width of the Rib

    H = Height of the Rib

    T = Thickness at base of the Rib

  • 7 A DEFINITIVE GUIDE TO DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING SUCCESS

    Minimum Radius at the Base of Ribs

    A fillet of a certain minimum radius value should be provided at the base of a rib to reduce stress.

    However, the radius should not be large enough that it results in thick sections. The radius

    eliminates sharp corner and stress concentration. Flow and cooling are also improved.

    Fillet radius at the base of ribs should be between 0.25 to 0.4 times the nominal wall thicknesses

    of a part.

    Example

  • 8 A DEFINITIVE GUIDE TO DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING SUCCESS

    Draft Angle for Ribs

    Draft angles are important element of successful plastic part design. Plastic parts have higher

    tendency to shrink on the core, causing contact pressure and friction between the part and core.

    Providing a proper draft angle helps in easy removal of plastic part from the mold. It also helps in

    improving cycle time and productivity.

    A general guideline suggests that draft angle for rib should be between 1 to 1.5 degrees.

    Minimum draft should be 0.5 degree on each side. Draft angles should be provided on interior or

    exterior walls of the part along the pulling direction.

    Example

  • 9 A DEFINITIVE GUIDE TO DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING SUCCESS

    Spacing Between Two Parallel Ribs

    Mold wall thickness is impacted due to spacing between various features in a plastic part. If ribs

    are provided too close to each other or to the walls of a part, thin areas are created which are

    difficult to cool and affects part quality. Additionally, if mold wall is too thin, then it becomes

    difficult to manufacture such molds and can also result in hot blade creation and differential

    cooling eventually impacting mold longevity.

    A general guideline suggests that spacing between ribs should be at least 2 times the nominal wall

    thickness.

    Example