Principles of Microeconomics, 11e -TB1 (Case/Fair/Oster) Chapter 13 Monopoly and Antitrust Policy

13.1 Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core Concepts

1) In imperfectly competitive markets,A) there is no competition in the markets.B) some competition may exist in the markets.C) some competition may exist but only on price and not in other ways.D) some competition may exist but only in other ways and not on price.Answer: BDiff: 1Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

2) A firm must be able to ________ competition if it is to exercise control over the price of its product.A) maximizeB) increaseC) not changeD) limitAnswer: DDiff: 1Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-9

3) In an imperfectly competitive industry,A) a single firm has no control over the price of its output.B) a single firm has some control over the price of its output.C) a single firm will be able to sell all of its output at whatever price it wants to charge.D) the government will always regulate the output price.Answer: BDiff: 1Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

4) Imperfect competitionA) means there is no competition in the market.B) results in less efficient market outcomes.C) should always be regulated by the governmentD) is a major cause of externalities in the market.Answer: BDiff: 1Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

5) Monopolies, oligopolies, and monopolistic competitive industries allA) earn positive profits in the long run.B) have market power.C) are completely unconstrained in their pricing.D) raise price and quantity over what would occur in perfect competition in order to maximize their profits.Answer: BDiff: 1Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

6) Imperfect competition and market powerA) are major sources of inefficiency.B) result in higher output than in perfect competition.C) are always the result of product differentiation.D) result from diseconomies of scale.Answer: ADiff: 1Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

7) A monopoly is an industry with A) a single firm in which the entry of new firms is blocked. B) a small number of firms each large enough to impact the market price of its output. C) many firms each able to differentiate their product. D) many firms each too small to impact the market price of its output. Answer: ADiff: 1Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: DefinitionLearning Outcome: Micro-14

8) An oligopoly is an industry market structure with A) a single firm in which the entry of new firms is blocked. B) a small number of firms each large enough to impact the market price of its output. C) many firms each able to differentiate their product. D) many firms each too small to impact the market price. Answer: BDiff: 1Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: DefinitionLearning Outcome: Micro-16

9) Monopolistic competition is an industry market structure with A) a single firm in which the entry of new firms is blocked. B) a small number of firms each large enough to impact the market price of its output. C) many firms each able to differentiate their product. D) many firms each too small to impact the market price of its output. Answer: CDiff: 1Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: DefinitionLearning Outcome: Micro-15

10) Market power refers to a firm's ability to A) raise price without losing all sales of its product. B) charge any price it likes. C) sell any amount of output it desires at the market-determined price. D) monopolize a market completely. Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: DefinitionLearning Outcome: Micro-9

11) A coffee manufacturer raises the price of its coffee by 10%, and the quantity demanded of its coffee falls by only 12%. This firm hasA) no monopoly power in the output market.B) some market power.C) some output power.D) not been able to prevent its competitors from competing with it on price.Answer: BDiff: 1Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-4

12) Which of the following is LEAST likely to be considered a firm in an imperfectly competitive industry?A) a Burger King in Pittsburgh, Pa.B) Ohio Bell Telephone CompanyC) a wheat farmer in KansasD) the only locally owned and operated bank in Severn, MD.Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-9

13) When ________ substitutes exist, a firm in an imperfectly competitive industry has ________ power to raise price.A) more; more B) more; less C) fewer; less D) no; infinite Answer: BDiff: 1Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-9

14) The ________ broadly a market is defined; the more difficult it becomes to find ________. A) more; substitutes B) more; complements C) less; substitutes D) less; goods independent of each other Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-9

15) The demand for food will likely be price ________ while the demand for Brand X Burger will likely be price ________.A) elastic; elasticB) elastic; inelasticC) inelastic; elasticD) inelastic; inelasticAnswer: CDiff: 2Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-6

16) The demand for Ben & Jerry's ice cream will likely be ________ the demand for dessert.A) more price elastic thanB) less price elastic thanC) equally price elastic asD) indeterminate from the given information.Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-6

17) In a monopolistic industry there is(are) ________ firm(s) and ________. A) many; free entry of new firms B) many; entry of new firms is blocked C) a single; free entry of new firms D) a single; entry of new firms is blocked Answer: DDiff: 1Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

Refer to the information provided in Figure 13.1 below to answer the question that follows.

Figure 13.1

18) Refer to Figure 13.1. The demand curve facing an individual producer of wheat is most likely represented byA) Panel A.B) Panel B.C) Panel C.D) Panel D.Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-2

19) Refer to Figure 13.1. The demand curve facing an electric company is most likely represented byA) Panel A.B) Panel B.C) Panel C.D) Panel D.Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-2

20) Refer to Figure 13.1. The demand curve facing Microsoft is most likely represented byA) Panel A.B) Panel B.C) Panel C.D) Panel D.Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-2

21) Refer to Figure 13.1. The demand curve for insulin is most likely represented byA) Panel A.B) Panel B.C) Panel C.D) Panel D.Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Imperfect Competition and Market Power: Core ConceptsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-2

22) Firms with market power must decide all of the following EXCEPTA) how much to supply in each input market.B) how much to produce.C) how to produce it.D) what price to charge for their output.Answer: A13.2 Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly Markets

1) Monopolists differ from perfectly competitive firmsA) on the cost and demand sides of the profit equation.B) on the cost side of the profit equation alone.C) on the demand side of the profit equation alone.D) on neither the cost nor demand sides of the profit equation.Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

2) XYZ Computer Company has a monopoly on the sale of a specialized color printer. If it sells two of these printers its total revenue is $1,000, and if it sells three color printers its total revenue is $1,600. The marginal revenue of the third color printer sold is A) $200.B) $300.C) $600.D) $1,300.Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

3) For a monopolist to sell more units of output,A) the price must be increased.B) the price must be reduced.C) demand must become more elastic.D) the other competing firms must sell fewer units.Answer: BDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

4) An important distinction between perfect competition and monopoly is that in A) perfect competition, there is no distinction between the firm and the industry. B) perfect competition, the firm is the industry. C) monopoly, the firm faces the market demand curve. D) monopoly, the firm produces less than the total quantity supplied. Answer: CDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-15

5) In a monopoly, the market demand curve is A) the same as the demand curve facing the firm. B) the summation of all the individual firm's cost curves. C) nonexistent. D) the marginal cost curve above minimum average variable cost. Answer: ADiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

6) For a monopoly, the marginal revenue curve has ________ point(s) in common with the firm's linear demand curve.A) oneB) noC) allD) Indeterminate from the given information.Answer: ADiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

7) For a perfectly competitive firm, the marginal revenue curve has ________ point(s) in common with the firm's demand curve.A) oneB) noC) allD) Indeterminate from the given information.Answer: CDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: Conceptual

AACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-13

8) Voss Calculator Company has a monopoly on the sale of graphing calculators. If it sells two of these calculators its total revenue is $600, and if it sells three calculators its total revenue is $750. The marginal revenue of the third calculator sold is A) $50. B) $75. C) $150. D) $250. Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

9) When a monopolist sells two units of output its total revenue is $150. When a monopolist sells three units of output its total revenue, is $210. When the monopolist sells three units of output, the price per unit is A) $50. B) $60. C) $70. D) $75. Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

10) When a monopolist sells two units of output its total revenue is $600. When a monopolist sells three units of output its total revenue is $630. When the monopolist sells three units of output, the price per unit is A) $210. B) $230. C) $300. D) $630. Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

12) Stereo Sound Unlimited has a monopoly over the installation of surround sound systems. If Stereo Sound Unlimited's total revenue from installing 10 sound systems is $20,000 and its total revenue from installing 11 sound systems is $18,000, what is the marginal revenue of the eleventh sound system? A) -$2,000 B) -$1,000 C) $2,000 D) $3,800 Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

13) Hi Phi Sound Unlimited has a monopoly over the installation of surround sound systems. Hi Phi Unlimited's total revenue from installing 15 sound systems is $30,000 and its total revenue from installing 18 sound systems is $33,000. The marginal revenue received from selling the 18th sound system isA) equal to the price of the 16th sound system.B) greater than the price of the 16th sound system.C) less than the price of the 16th sound system.D) Indeterminate from the given information.Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

14) Hi Phi Sound Unlimited has a monopoly over the installation of surround sound systems. If Hi Phi Unlimited's total revenue from installing 15 sound systems is $30,000 and its total revenue from installing 18 sound systems is $33,000, what is the marginal revenue of the eighteenth sound system? A) -$3,000 B) $1,000 C) $1,500 D) $3,000 Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

Refer to the information provided in Figure 13.3 below to answer the questions that follow.

Figure 13.3

15) Refer to Figure 13.3. The marginal revenue of the fourth pound of cheese is A) $1. B) $3. C) $6. D) $24. Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

16) Refer to Figure 13.3. The marginal revenue of the sixth pound of cheese is A) -$4. B) -$1. C) $1. D) $4. Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

17) Refer to Figure 13.3. This firm's total revenue will be maximized at a price of A) $8. B) $6. C) $5. D) $4. Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

18) Refer to Figure 13.3. This firm's marginal revenue will be positive atA) prices above $5.B) prices below $5.C) all prices.D) prices between $4 and $8.Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

19) Refer to Figure 13.3. This firm's marginal revenue will be negative atA) prices above $5.B) prices below $5.C) all prices.D) prices between $4 and $8.Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

Refer to the information provided in Figure 13.4 below to answer the questions that follow.

Figure 13.4

20) Refer to Figure 13.4. The marginal revenue of the eighth pound of burritos is A) $3. B) $5. C) $12. D) $96. Answer: BDiff: 3Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

21) Refer to Figure 13.4. The marginal revenue of the 12th pound of burritos is A) -$4. B) -$3. C) $2.D) $8. Answer: BDiff: 3Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

22) Refer to Figure 13.4. This firm's total revenue will be maximized at a price of A) $12. B) $10. C) $8. D) $6. Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

23) Refer to Figure 13.4. This firm's marginal revenue will be positive at A) prices above $20. B) prices above $10. C) all prices. D) prices between $4 and $8. Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

24) Refer to Figure 13.4. This firm's marginal revenue will be negative at A) prices below $10. B) prices above $12. C) all prices. D) prices between $4 and $18.Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

25) The demand curve facing a monopolistic firm is ________.A) upward‐sloping B) downward‐sloping C) horizontal D) vertical Answer: BDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective Thinking

Learning Outcome: Micro-14

26) For a non-discriminating monopolist to sell one more unit, it must ________. A) raise the price of only the last unit producedB) lower the price of only the last unit producedC) raise the price of the last as well as all previous units producedD) lower the price of the last as well as all previous units producedAnswer: DDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

27) A non-discriminating monopolist maximizes total revenue when its marginal revenue is ________. A) positive B) zero C) negative D) equal to price Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

28) A non-discriminating monopolist's price equals its marginal revenue only when A) output is zero. B) total revenue is a maximum. C) marginal revenue is zero. D) the monopolist's demand schedule intersects the horizontal (quantity) axis.. Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

29) Assuming demand is linear, the shape of a monopolist's total revenue schedule is a A) straight line passing through the origin. B) straight line with negative slope. C) curve from the origin with increasing slope. D) curve from the origin with decreasing slope.Answer: DDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

30) For a monopolist, price A) equals marginal revenue at all output levels. B) is less than marginal revenue. C) is greater than marginal revenue. D) can be greater than or less than marginal revenue. Answer: CDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

31) When the demand curve is a downward sloping straight line, the slope of the marginal revenue curve isA) always equal to one.B) the same as the slope of the demand curve.C) half as steep as the demand curve.D) twice as steep as the demand curve.Answer: DDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-4

32) When the demand curve is a downward sloping straight line, the quantity at which the demand curve intersects the horizontal (quantity) axis is ________ the quantity at which the marginal revenue curve intersects the horizontal (quantity) axis.A) equal toB) less thanC) twiceD) four timesAnswer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-4

33) The Rare Bird Company has a monopoly in the sale of macaws in Iowa. When the Rare Bird Company sells three macaws, its marginal revenue is $30. When the Rare Bird Company sells four macaws, its marginal revenue will be A) less than $30.B) greater than $30.C) equal to $30.D) greater than $30 if demand is elastic and less than $30 if demand is inelastic.Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

34) For a monopolist, if total revenue increases as output decreases, then marginal revenue is A) equal to price. B) zero. C) positive. D) negative. Answer: DDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

35) A monopolist will not produce A) a positive level of output when its marginal revenue is declining. B) a positive level of output when its price is less than average total cost but greater than average variable cost. C) in the inelastic portion of its demand curve, where marginal revenue is negative. D) in the perfectly competitive level of output when it engages in perfect price discrimination.Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

36) Suppose we know that a monopolist is maximizing its profits. Which of the following is a correct inference? The monopolist hasA) maximized its total revenue.B) set price equal to its average cost.C) maximized the difference between marginal revenue and marginal cost.D) equated marginal revenue and marginal cost.Answer: DDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

Refer to the information provided in Figure 13.5 below to answer the questions that follow.

Figure 13.5

37) Refer to Figure 13.5. The profit-maximizing level of output for this monopolist is ________ units of output.A) 20

B) 22C) 24D) 26Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

38) Refer to Figure 13.5. The profit-maximizing price for this firm is A) $5. B) $7. C) $9. D) $11. Answer: DDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

39) Refer to Figure 13.5. If this firm is producing the profit-maximizing quantity and selling it at the profit-maximizing price, the firm's profit will beA) $0.B) $88.C) $154.D) $242.Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

40) The XYZ Computer Company has a monopoly over the production of a specialized color printer. The XYZ Computer Company will find it profitable to increase the production of specialized color printers as long as marginal cost A) is less than marginal revenue. B) equals marginal revenue. C) is greater than marginal revenue. D) is positive. Answer: ADiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Analytic Skills

Learning Outcome: Micro-14

41) The XYZ Computer Company has a monopoly over the production of a specialized color printer. The XYZ Computer Company will find it profitable to reduce output as long as marginal revenue A) is greater than marginal cost. B) equals marginal cost. C) is less than marginal cost. D) is positive. Answer: CDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

42) A profit-maximizing monopolist will produce the level of output where A) marginal revenue is zero. B) marginal cost is minimized. C) price equals marginal cost. D) marginal revenue equals marginal cost. Answer: DDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

43) Ameritech® has a monopoly over local telephone service. If Ameritech® is producing where marginal revenue is less than marginal cost, the firm A) could increase profits by reducing output. B) could increase profits by increasing output. C) is maximizing profits. D) must be earning a zero profit. Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

44) A monopolist sets both price and quantity simultaneously, and the amount of output that it supplies dependsA) only on the marginal cost curve.B) only on the demand curve.C) on both its marginal cost curve and the demand curve that it faces.D) on both its average cost curve and the demand curve that it faces.

Answer: CDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

45) A monopolist is currently maximizing profits. In addition, if P > ATC > MC, then the monopolistA) just breaks even.B) earns positive economic profits.C) is covering total variable costs but not total fixed costs.D) is covering total fixed costs but not total variable costs.Answer: BDiff: 3Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

46) When the addition to a monopolist's total profit is negative from selling another unit, then it follows that A) MR > ATC. B) MR = MC. C) MR > MC. D) MR < MC. Answer: DDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

47) A monopolist's supply of a good is A) dependent on the monopolist's demand curve and its marginal cost curve. B) given by the portion of the monopolist's marginal cost curve that lies above the average variable cost curve.C) independent of the monopolist's demand curve. D) given by the portion of the monopolist's average variable cost curve that lies above the marginal cost curve.Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

49) In the short run, when a monopolist incurs a loss, it will A) always shut down. B) always produce where marginal cost equals marginal revenue. C) produce as long as total revenue is sufficient to cover variable costs. D) produce as long as total revenue is sufficient to cover fixed costs. Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

50) In the long run, a monopolyA) will always earn zero economic profits.B) may earn positive economic profits due to entry barriers.C) will never exit the industry.D) will yield an efficient outcome.Answer: BDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

51) If a monopolist earns positive economic profits in the long run, A) new firms will enter the market. B) the monopolist expands production. C) the industry supply curve shifts to the right. D) the monopolist will not change its behavior. Answer: DDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

52) A monopolist suffers a loss if its ________ schedule is everywhere above its ________ schedule. A) ATC; MCB) MC; AVCC) ATC; DemandD) Demand; ATCAnswer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective Thinking

Learning Outcome: Micro-14

53) A monopolist is NOT guaranteed positive economic profits solely because it is a monopoly since there may be no output for whichA) TR = TVC.B) TR > TC.C) MC = MR.D) ATR < MR.Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

Refer to the information provided in Figure 13.6 below to answer the question that follows.

Figure 13.6

55) Refer to Figure 13.6. The Silver Exchange has a monopoly over the sale of solid silver walking sticks. The Silver Exchange has hired you as an economic consultant. You should advise this monopolist to A) shut down in the short run and exit the industry in the long run.B) produce in the short run and expand capacity in the long run.C) produce in the short run but exit the industry in the long run.D) shut down in the short run but expand capacity in the long run.Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

Refer to the information provided in Figure 13.7 below to answer the question that follows.

Figure 13.7

56) Refer to Figure 13.7. The profit-maximizing level of output for the Memory Company is ________ high school yearbooks.A) 0B) 200C) 300D) 350Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

57) Refer to Figure 13.7. The profit-maximizing price for the Memory Company's high school yearbook isA) $0.B) $9.C) $16.D) $20.Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

58) Refer to Figure 13.7. The maximum profit level for the Memory Company is A) -$1,800. B) -$1,200. C) -$800. D) $0. Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

59) Relative to a competitively organized industry, a monopoly is more likely to produceA) more output, charges higher prices, and earns economic profits. B) less output, charges lower prices, and earns economic profits. C) less output, charges lower prices, and earns only a normal profit. D) less output, charges higher price, and earns economic profits. Answer: DDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

61) Relative to a competitively organized industry, firms acting collusively are more likely to produce A) more output; charge higher prices, and earn economic profits. B) less output, charge lower prices, and earn economic profits. C) less output, charge lower prices, and earn only a normal profit. D) less output, charge higher prices, and earn economic profit. Answer: DDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

Refer to the information provided in Figure 13.8 below to answer the questions that follow.

Figure 13.8

62) Refer to Figure 13.8. If the government regulates Armstrong Cable so they can earn only a normal return, the price would be set atA) $12.00.B) $12.50.C) $13.00.D) $16.00.Answer: CDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

63) A ________ prevents new firms from entering and competing in a monopolistic industry. A) barrier to entry B) collusive agreement C) market power sharing agreement D) cartel agreement Answer: ADiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

64) ________ is (are) protected by barriers to entry, specifically ________.A) State lotteries; government rulesB) DeBeers Company; economies of scaleC) Cable companies; patentsD) All of the above are correct.Answer: ADiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly Markets

Skill: FactLearning Outcome: Micro-14

65) DeBeers' diamond monopoly results fromA) economies of scale.B) a patent.C) a government franchise.D) ownership of a scarce factor of production.Answer: DDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: FactLearning Outcome: Micro-14

66) Which type of barrier to entry allowed the electric company to maintain a monopoly over the production of electricity?A) a patentB) economies of scaleC) diseconomies of scaleD) ownership of a scarce factor of productionAnswer: BDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: FactLearning Outcome: Micro-14

Refer to the information provided in Figure 13.2 below to answer the question that follows.

Figure 13.2

67) Refer to Figure 13.2. The only firm producing electricity has the long-run average total cost curve shown. The total amount of demand for kilowatts is 100,000 per hour. It makes economic sense for this firm to be the only producer of electricity because this firmA) must be realizing economies of scale in producing electricity.

B) must have a patent on the production process necessary to produce electricity.C) must have control over a scarce factor of production.D) must have a government franchise to produce electricity.Answer: ADiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

68) Refer to Figure 13.2. Each electricity producer has the given LRAC curve. The total cost of producing 100,000 kilowatts per hour is minimized with ________ firm(s) in the industry. A) oneB) tenC) one hundredD) Indeterminate from the given information.Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

69) ________ present(s) a barrier to entry in the DVD player market.A) Economies of scaleB) Ownership of a scarce resourceC) Network externalitiesD) A government franchiseAnswer: CDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: FactLearning Outcome: Micro-14

70) Due to the network externalities in the game console market, we would expect this market toA) overproduce game consoles.B) be highly concentrated.C) be efficient.D) be serviced by a natural monopoly.Answer: BDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-15

71) PatentsA) slow the flow of benefits from research and development to consumers.B) are granted for a period of 10 years in the United States.C) create monopolies and are thus efficient.D) All of the above are correct.Answer: ADiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

72) ________ are NOT a barrier to entry. A) Government franchises B) Patents C) Consent decreesD) Economies of scale Answer: CDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

73) A barrier to entry that grants exclusive use of an invented product or process to the inventor is called ________.A) a government franchiseB) a patentC) economies of scaleD) the ownership of a scarce resourceAnswer: BDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: DefinitionLearning Outcome: Micro-14

74) Although patents are a ________, they also provide ________.A) collusive agreement; for free entry of new firmsB) collusive agreement; an incentive for invention and innovationC) barrier to entry; for free entry of new firmsD) barrier to entry; an incentive for invention and innovationAnswer: DDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: FactLearning Outcome: Micro-14

75) When a firm's LRAC curve is still declining when it intersects the market demand curve, we call the firm a(n) ________.A) perfect competitorB) monopolistic competitorC) oligopolistD) natural monopolistAnswer: DDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: DefinitionLearning Outcome: Micro-14

76) An industry that realizes such large economies of scale in producing its product that single-firm production of that good or service is most efficient is called a(n) ________ monopoly. A) fixed cost B) economies of scale C) patent D) natural Answer: DDiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: DefinitionLearning Outcome: Micro-14

77) It would be inefficient to break up a ________ monopoly. A) government created B) price‐fixing C) cartelized D) natural Answer: DDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

78) For a monopoly to be a natural monopoly, A) economies of scale must be realized at a scale that is close to total demand in the market. B) economies of scale must be realized at a scale that is small relative to the market. C) there must be constant returns to scale. D) the long-run average cost curve must continue to increase until it hits the market demand curve.Answer: ADiff: 2

Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: DefinitionLearning Outcome: Micro-14

79) The classic examples of natural monopolies over the years have been A) agriculture. B) auto manufacturers. C) public utilities. D) retail trade. Answer: CDiff: 1Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: ConceptualAACSB: Reflective ThinkingLearning Outcome: Micro-14

Refer to the information provided in Table 13.1 below to answer the questions that follow.

Table 13.1Price ($) Quantity

4.00 20003.50 24003.00 28002.50 32002.00 36001.50 40001.00 4400

80) Refer to Table 13.1. If a monopoly faces the demand schedule given in the table, what is its marginal revenue from the 2400th unit it sells?A) $1B) $3.50C) $3.75D) $400Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14

81) Refer to Table 13.1. If a monopoly faces the demand schedule given in the table, what is its marginal revenue from the 4000th unit it sells?A) -$3

B) $1.50C) $3D) $1200Answer: ADiff: 2Topic: Price and Output Decisions in Pure Monopoly MarketsSkill: AnalyticalAACSB: Analytic SkillsLearning Outcome: Micro-14