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A National Library System:The goal of a single union catalogAdvantages and disadvantages
Sigrún HauksdóttirBack to Basics and Flying into the FutureReykjavík, February 2007
NATIONAL
SYSTEM
Some facts on Gegnir
•http://www.gegnir.is/F
•Gegnir is the union catalog for Icelandic Libraries
•All partipacing libraries catalogue into Gegnir
•One union catalog – One library system
Gegnir – input but no output
Library
Library Library
Library
Library
Gegnir
Statistics
•Bibliographic records: 900.000
•Items: 3.700.000
•Circulation / year 2.600.000
•Borrowers: 120.000
•Libraries: 200
System and standards
•Library system: Aleph500 version 16.2
•MARC standard: MARC21
•Character set:
UTF-8
•Communication protocol: Z39.50
The situation 1997
• Two obsolete union catalogs:
• Gegnir
•National and University Library and most of the other universities
•National bibliography and various union catalogs
• Fengur
•Reykjavík City Library
•Hospitals and 90 other libraries in the public and sector
Scenario
• The union catalogs, Gegnir and Fengur, contained 2/3 of the library usage
• Other systems were:
oMikroMarc
oMetrabók
oBókver
oEmbla
Mission
To select a library system for all Icelandic libraries, including university-, public-, school and research libraries. The guideline is to connect all Icelandic libraries so their databases will appear uniformed or as one database from the user’s point of view.
Goals and Objectives
• To increase proficiency in administration and management of the libraries
• To have one national Union catalog
• To eliminate multiplications of tasks within the libraries both regarding to cataloging and patron information
• To grant all Icelanders access to individual library collections or all collections of Icelandic libraries as unity
Demographics (2003)
Population 307.000
Libraries 300
Universities 8
Students in universities 17.000
Elementary schools 192
Students in elementary schools 44.000
Secondary Schools 43
Students in secondary schools 26.000
Types of libraries
•Types of libraries/library branches in the system:Public libraries: 54Primary schools: 96Universities and National Library: 18Government libraries: 12Research libraries: 8Secondary schools: 11Associations: 2
Structure – National Library System
Authority dataBibliographic
database
Holdings data
Administrativeunits
Library Library Library
Items Items Items ItemsItemsItems
ADMsPublic libraries in greater Reykjavik
area
Elementary schools in greater Reykjavik
area
Secondary schools in greater Reykjavik
area
Western part of Iceland and the Vestfjords
Northern part of Iceland
Eastern part of Iceland
Reykjanes and southern part of
Iceland
Various special libraries
The National and University library
Govermental libraries
Library of University of
Education
Other university libraries
Consortium of Icelandic Libraries
•Responsible for managing the library system
•Cooperative company jointly owned by state and municipalities
The telephone directory
Icelandic name tradition
•Icelandic personal names are sorted by:
•First name (given name)
•Last name (patronymic/surname)
•Middel name (second given name)
Example
•Alexander Alfreðsson
•Alexander Jóhannesson
•Alexander A. Jónsson
•Alexander Alfreð Jónsson
•Alexander B. Jónsson
MARC?
•MARC21
•One subfield $$a is allocated to personal names
•It was not possible to accomidate the sorting requirement within one subfield
•The reasult was utilizing two extra subfields, $$1 and $$7
Example of a record
000526788 FMT L GRLDR L 00664nab^^2200217^^^45^^008 L 961206s1987^^^^ic^^^^^^^^^^^^000^^^ice^^039 L $$ac$$bxx$$c11004 L $$aGuðmundur$$7Andri$$1Thorsson$$d195724510 L $$aLífsgleðin á grunnplaninu :$$bGuðmundur Andri Thorsson og Páll Valsson ræða við Einar Má Guðmundsson.260 L $$c1987300 L $$bMyndir60044 L $$aEinar$$7Már$$1Guðmundsson$$d19547004 L $$aPáll$$1Valsson$$d19607004 L $$aEinar$$7Már$$1Guðmundsson$$d195479230 L $$aTeningur
A listing of Icelandic names
Six years of installation...
Installation and data conversion
•Long process - 6 years
•Three phases
•Conversion from various formats to MARC 21
•The libraries were converted by library systems.
•Size of bibliographic data desided which system should be converted first
The organizational committee as well as three MARC specialists
Conversion challenges
•Different cataloging practice
•Old Gegnir – each volume and new printings cataloged
•Fengur – one bibliographic record for each publication
•Merging the two main databases
•Dublicate records
A tired conversion team, Polish, English and Icelandic members
The self destruction of the bibliographic database
•Punctuation disappering from the bibliographic database
•Malfunction in the Authority Control
•Rebuilding:
•Bibliographic database
•Authority database
The advantages is common cataloging
Libraries with cataloging permission or no...
Libraries withoutcatalogers
Cataloging libraries
The disadvantages of one bibliographic database are:
•The problem and the challenge of the one bibliographic database is quality control
•Diverse libraries and patrons
•Common cataloging practice
•One administration
Division of responsibilities
DataIcelandic Libraries
SystemConsortium of Icel....
Management of the bibliographic database
•Management team
•Cataloging council
•Informal specialist team
Management team
•Systems Manager •Conversion and technical aspects
•The editor of the Gegnir•Quality control
•Teaching catalogers
•Cataloger's Manual.
•The editor of the Authority database •Icelandic subject headings
•Icelandic thesaurus
Cataloging council
•The Cataloging council is the legislative body of the bibliographic database. It´s goal is to:
•Create or agree on cataloging rules and desite if there is a disagrement
•Create and manage Icelandic subject headings
•Assigning cataloging permissions Withdrawing cataloging permissions when needed
The Cataloging council,first meeting
Cataloging permission
•To have a university degree in Librarianship.
•To attend a three day course in cataloging in Aleph.
•Basic prerequisite in cataloging terminology and the MARC format
Why is every other librarian cataloging?
•½ of the librarians have permission to catalog
•Single librarian libraries
•Status symbol
•Job opportunities
•40.000 new records per year and 160 catalogers (250 records)
•No cataloging service
Comparasion between British Library and Icelandic Libraries
Libraries Cataloged records / year
Catalogers
British Library
350.000 170
Icelandic Libraries
40.000 160
Icelandic
The future
•Increase efficiency in cataloging
•Copy cataloging
•OCLC WordCat
•Z39.50 connection to other union catalogs
•Increase quality of the database
•Authority work
•Icelandic subject headings
Sneak preview of Icelandic
Gefðu, að móðurmálið mitt,minn Jesú, þess ég beiði,frá allri villu klárt og kvitt,krossins orð þitt út breiðium landið hér, til heiðurs þér,helzt mun það blessun valda,meðan þín náð lætur vort láðlýði og byggðum halda.
Hallgrímur Pétursson, 1614-1674