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http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/

Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool(2018) 42: 661-665© TÜBİTAKdoi:10.3906/zoo-1803-56

A new species and additional record of Terellia Robineau-Desvoidy(Diptera: Tephritidae) from Turkey with a key for the Cerajocera group

Mehmet YARAN1,*, Murat KÜTÜK2, Vedat GÖRMEZ1

, Mürşit Ömür KOYUNCU3

1Department of Plant and Animal Breeding, İslahiye Vocational School, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey2Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey

3Department of Plant and Animal Breeding, Araban Vocational School, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey

* Correspondence: yaran@gantep.edu.tr

1. IntroductionTephritidae is one of the largest Diptera families; there are about 4500 known species and 500 genera in the world (Norrbom et al.,1999; Freidberg, 2006). Genus Terellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 includes approximately 60 species, which are widely dispersed throughout the Palearctic region (Korneyev and Merz, 1996; Norrbom et al., 1999; Korneyev, 2003 and 2006; Kütük, 2009; Kütük et al., 2011; Korneyev et al., 2013; Zarghani et al., 2017). Korneyev (1985) reviewed the genus and recognized several species groups based on similarity of structure of the male terminalia, predominantly regarding the glans of the phallus. Korneyev (1987) proposed the genus Cerajocera as a subgenus Cerajocera of the genus Terellia and described T. (C.) clarissima Korneyev, 1987 as a new species. According to Norrbom et al. (1999), subgenus Cerajocera includes 14 species. Korneyev (2003) described T. (C.) cyanoides Korneyev, 2003 and proposed a key for the subgenus Cerajocera for a species of Palearctic region. Kütük (2009) described T. (C.) yukseli Kütük, 2009 and finally Kütük et al. (2011) described T. (C.) askaleensis Kütük et al., 2011 as a new species from Turkey. Thus, the subgenus Cerajocera includes 17 known species as of today. According to Koçak and Kemal (2013), 8 species of the subgenus Cerajocera are scattered throughout Turkey.

This study was based on fruit fly samples that were collected in the summer of 2009 and 2017 in northeastern Turkey. In the paper, we described T. (C.) akguli as a new species from Turkey. The new species was placed in the subgenus Cerajocera. Also, T. (C.) armeniaca Korneyev, 1985 was recorded for the first time in Turkey. The morphologic and systematic characteristics of T. (C.) akguli sp. nov. were described. The figures of adult and genital structures of new species and the wing figure of the new record were presented in the paper. Additionally, identification key for the subgenus Cerajocera, which has been distributed in Turkey, is provided herein.

2. Materials and methodsThe study is based on the fruit fly materials which were collected in the summer of 2009 and 2017. Specimens were collected incidentally from host plants with insect net and were deposited in the Entomology Laboratory in the Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey. Species were identified using the keys and descriptions provided by Korneyev (1985, 1987, and 2003), Kütük (2009), and Kütük et al. (2011). The identification key was prepared using Korneyev (2003) and Kütük et al. (2011).

Abstract: Genus Terellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 includes approximately 60 species throughout the Palearctic region. Larvae of Terellia develop in the flowerheads of the family Asteraceae. In this study, the authors collected species of Terellia from possible host plants in the summer of 2009 and 2017 in northeastern Turkey using an insect net. Collected materials were pinned and deposited in the Gaziantep University Entomology Laboratory. Upon identification, Terellia (Cerajocera) akguli sp. nov. has been described as a new species and placed in the subgenus Cerajocera. Also, T. (C.) armeniaca Korneyev, 1985 has been recorded for the first time in Turkey with this study. The paper describes new species and presents morphological characteristic figures of the new species. Additionally, the key for the subgenus Cerajocera distributed in Turkey is provided.

Key words: Fruit flies, new species, Tephritidae, Terellia, Terellia akguli, Turkey

Received: 30.03.2018 Accepted/Published Online: 23.10.2018 Final Version: 12.11.2018

Research Article

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Terminology and abbreviations generally follow White et al. (1999); additional abbreviations are used: AL, aculeus length; BL, body length; WL, wing length.

3. ResultsMorphological descriptions, characteristics, and figures of new species are given below. The identification key for the subgenus Cerajocera, which is distributed in Turkey, is also provided below.

Identification key for the subgenus Cerajocera1. Male pedicel larger than first flagellomere of antenna .................................................................................................... 2- Male pedicel smaller than first flagellomere of antenna .................................................................................................... 72. Wing entirely hyaline, just pterostigma yellow .........................................................................................yukseli Kütük- Wing dark banded or spotted ........................................... 33. Subbasal crossband well-developed ............................................................ ceratocera Hendel (As shown in Figure 1a)- Subbasal crossband absent ................................................ 44. Discal crossband absent ................................................... 5- Discal crossband present but poorly developed ............. 65.Apical crossband reduced ............ askaleensis Kütük et al.- Apical crossband well-developed, reaching vein M ...................... armeniaca Korneyev (As shown in Figure 1b)6. Apical and preapical fused throughout cell r1, preapical and discal crossbands joined (80% of examined specimens) .................................. akguli sp. nov. (As shown in Figure 1c)- Apical, preapical and discal crossbands separated ....................... plagiata (Dahlbom) (As shown in Figure 1d)7. Katepisternum and meron present triangle reddish brown spots ............................................................................ 8- Katepisternum and meron present triangle black spots ...................................................................................................... 9

8. Subcostal cell yellow brown at apical part, mesonotal pattern reddish to brown ................... tussilaginis (Fabricius)- Subcostal cell brown, mesonotal pattern black ................................................................................... nigronota (Korneyev)9. Subbasal crossband well-developed from costal to anal vein ................................................. gynaecochroma (Hering)- Subbasal crossband poorly developed or absent ......................................................................................... rhapontici Merz3.1. Terellia (Cerajocera) akguli sp. nov. (Figures 2 and 3)Material examined: Holotype male; Erzurum, Narman, Kireçli Passage, 09.VII.2017, 40°21ʹ25ʺN, 41°40ʹ19ʺE, 2051 m, leg. M. Yaran and M. Kütük. Paratypes: Narman, Kireçli Passage, 01.VII.2009, 40°21ʹ08ʺ N, 41°40ʹ19ʺE, 2088 m, 32 ♀♀, 25 ♂♂, (collected from the same location) leg. M. Yaran and M. Kütük. Erzurum, Narman, Kireçli Passage, 07.VII.2009, 40°21ʹ19ʺN, 41°40ʹ25ʺE, 2020 m, 12 ♀♀, 15 ♂♂, leg. M. Yaran and M. Kütük. Erzurum, Narman, Kireçli Passage, 09.VII.2017, 40°21ʹ25ʺN, 41°40ʹ19ʺE, 2051 m, 5 ♀♀, 6 ♂♂, leg. M. Yaran and M. Kütük.3.1.1. Description (Figures 2 and 3)Head: Generally yellow, except for ocellar triangle black; Head length: width ratio: 1.3; three dark brown frontal setae present; frons as long as wide; scapus with 8–10 blackish setulae at dorso-apical margin; medial lob of pedicel large spinulose on males; arista brown to black; all setae on head dark brown, except for postocular setae and postocellar seta. Palpi covered with numerous black hairs; gena narrow and with blackish hairs.

Thorax: Generally yellow scutum with common lyrate pattern; densely white setulose; all setae on thorax dark brown; aspect ratio 0.8; prestural supraalar setae located on yellow area; meron with triangle black spot; scutellum yellow and four equal black setae.

Figure 1. Wings of Terellia; a. T. (C.) ceratocera, b. T. (C.) armeniaca, c. Terellia (C.) akguli, d. T. (C.) plagiata.

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Wing: Including three crossbands; subbasal crossband absent; apical and preapical crossbands fused throughout cellr1; discal and preapical crossbands joined to each other (80% of specimens); discal crossband reaching vein CuA1; last section of vein M 2 times as long as penultimate section; two thirds of subcostal cell yellow, brown one third; apical crossband reaching vein M.

Abdomen: Abdominal tergites 1 and 2 with white setulose; tergites 3–5 with black setulose; tergites 3 and 4 with two black spots at anterior margin of each; tergite 5 with four black spots at anterior and posterior margin,

additional 2 black postero-lateral spots; 10–12 marginal setae at posterior half of tergite 5. Aedegus yellow, glans sclerotized and aculeus long and rounded as in all species of the subgenus.

Measurements: BL: Male; 5.0–6.0 mm. Female; 5.5–6.5 mm. WL: Male 4.0–4.5 mm. Female; 4.3–4.8 mm. AL: 3.0–3.2 mm (five dissected materials).

Host plant and biology: Unknown.Etymology: This species is named after Assoc. Prof. Dr.

Hasan Akgül, a friend and an excellent expert of fungi who has studied on fungi of the Palearctic region.

Figure 2: Adult figures of the new species; a. Male (Holotype), b. Female, c. Male head (Lateral), d. Male head, e. Male thorax, f. Ovipositor.

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3.2. Terellia (Cerajocera) armeniaca Korneyev, 1985Material examined: Erzurum: Oltu, 07.VII.2009, 40°24ʹ41ʺN, 41°33ʹ58ʺE, 1911 m, 2 ♂♂, leg. M. Yaran and M. Kütük.

Zoogeographic distribution: Armenia (Korneyev, 1985)Host plant: Unknown.*This species recorded for the first time from Turkey.

4. DiscussionTerellia akguli sp. nov. was described as a new species and placed in the Cerajocera group with the following synapomorphic characters (Korneyev, 1999); very long aculeus, as well as by the very characteristic, aberrant structure of the glans, with a large bifurcated or fan-shaped subapical lobe and the acrophallus completely reduced. The new species is distinguished from other species of Cerajocera with the following characteristics.

The new species is similar to T. (C.) armeniaca, T. (C.) askaleensis, T. (C.) ceratocera, T. (C.) plagiata, and T.

(C.) yukseli with large spinulose pedicel in the subgenus Cerajocera and is easily distinguished by well-developed crossbands from T. (C.) armeniaca, T. (C.) askaleensis, and T. (C.) yukseli.

The new species is distinguished by reduced subbasal crossband from T. (C.) ceratocera, whose subbasal crossband is well developed. Apical and preapical crossbands of the new species fused from vein R2+3 to costal vein, discal, and preapical crossbands joined (80% of specimens) or close to each other (20% of specimens). Apical, preapical, and discal crossbands of T. (C.) plagiata are separated. The characteristics of the new species clearly differ from T. (C.) plagiata.

Nomenclatural acts: This work and the nomenclatural acts it contains have been registered in the ZooBank. The ZooBank Life Science Identifier (LSID) for this publication is: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9718256E-6AC6-46A7-81DF-4E13F805F167

Figure 3: Female and male genitalia of the new species; a. Aculeus, b. Apex of aculeus, c. Glans, d. Epandrium.

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