A Presentation on Geology of Chhattisgarh

7/31/2019 A Presentation on Geology of Chhattisgarh

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By

Nishith Verma

& Group

IVth

Semester, MiningNIT Raipur


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Chhattisgarh An attractive MinesDestination.

Minerals of Chhattisgarh.

Mineral Map of Chhattisgarh. Important Mineral Resources of

Chhattisgarh.

Geology of Chhattisgarh.

Geological Environment.

Archeans.

Proterozoics.

Mesozoics.

Cenozoics.


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Centrally located with highmineral and industrial potential.

Well connected by air, rail and

road transport. Low population density (~150

persons/km2), no dearth of land.

Sufficient power generation.

Large number of mineral-basedindustries.

User-friendly government

policies.


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Occurrences of 28 major minerals are known in Chhattisgarh along

with a number of other minerals occurring in traces.

Many mineral deposits have been evaluated and are being mined. States mineral resources include:

Bulk minerals like iron ore, coal, limestone, dolomite, bauxite,

graphite, quartzite, etc.

High value minerals like cassiterite, diamond, corundum &

other gemstones, precious, base and rare metals/elements, etc.


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28 minerals are known allover the state, important onesbeing

Coal. Iron ore.

Bauxite.

Limestone.

Dolomite. Tin ore.

Diamond.

Corundum.


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Geological Formations:

Archean Formations :

(>2500 Ma) occupy ~

60,000 km2.

Proterozoic Formations:

(2500-570 Ma) occupy ~

53,000 km2.

Mesozoic Formations :

occupy ~ 19000 km2.

Cenozoic Formations :

occupy ~ 3,000 km2.


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Lithological sequence ranging from Archean to Recent is

available in Chhattisgarh

Central India Shear trending E-W divides the State into twoparts, Satpura Province in north and Bastar Province in south

Bastar Province comprises Archean gneissic complex, Bengpals,

Bailadila Group, Sonakhan Group, Chhattisgarh, IndravatiGroup, etc.

Satpura Province comprises granite gneisses and metamorphic

rocks, Gondwana sequence, Deccan trap, etc.


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Chhattisgarh owns the oldest rock in the Indian Peninsula (3700

Ma).

Archean rocks are older than 2500 Ma in age and are representedby wide spread cratonic blocks, occupying ~60,000 km2.

Chhattisgarh has observed all the orogenic, metallogenic and

minealogenic epochs activated during various periods.

These are host rock for circulating mineralizing solutions / magma

and also forming basements for the sedimentary basins.


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World over, largest number of mineral deposits (90%) are hosted by Proterozoic

rocks.

These rocks range from 2500 to 570 Ma in age occupying ~53,000 km2 (40%) land

in the State. Most of the bulk and high value mineral deposits are associated to these rocks in

Chhattisgarh like iron ore, limestone, dolomite, diamond, gold, etc.

Mafic and ultramafic rocks are widely occurring as intrusive in the ancient Archean

platforms which include diamondiferous kimberlite. Quartz veins with gold and base metal mineralization, LCT class and Alexandrite

containing pegmatites are found in these age. The sedimentary basins contain bulk

mineral deposits.


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Major coal deposits are confined to Gondwana Formations in the world,

named after the Gond tribes of Central India.

These rift controlled rocks are widely occurring in the north and north-

eastern parts of Chhattisgarh occupying ~19,000 km2 in the state.

Gondwana coals of Chhattisgarh are mostly of power grade with

medium carbon content.


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Cenozoic era includes rocks of basaltic flows and sub-recent to recentperiod ranging up to 65 Ma in age and occupies ~ 3000 km2 in the state.

These rocks form plateau and cap over older formations, which aremostly exposed in the northern parts of the state.

Important bauxite deposits are confined to this formation.

Laterite is widely developed in various parts of the state.


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A Presentation on Geology of Chhattisgarh