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BY

SUMAN MALLICK

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SMS PROCESSESBLAST

FURNACE(Iron

ore, carbon,limestone)

ELECTRIC ARCFURNACE(Scrap,

Sponge iron, pigiron)

L.R.F(Refinement,Fe alloys, Argon

purging)

V.DCASTER(Al. wire,

feeding mouldEMS)

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RAW MATERIAL HOT METAL

DRI

SKULL SCRAP

LIME

DOLOMATICLIME

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CONTI. HOTMETAL (COMPOSITION &ELEMENTUSE) C- 3.5-4% SI- 0.7-0.8% MN-VERYLESS S- 0.02-0.05% P- 0.08-0.1% FE- 98.50-99.75% DRI (50-55 TONN)

FE- 81% OXIDE- 9-10%

C- 0.2% SI- 3.2-3.5% SCRAP(1.54-2.0%)

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CONTI.. LIME(CAO)

CAO- 83-84%

MGO- 1.65% SI 1.5%

DOLOMATICLIME

CAO- 63-66%

MGO- 16-18%

SI- 3.5-4.0%

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E.A.F ( Electric Arc Furnace)

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Tapping ProcessAn electric arc furnace (EAF) is a furnace that heats

charged material by means of an electric arc.

Arc furnaces range in size from small units ofapproximately one ton capacity (used in foundries forproducing cast iron products) up to about 400 tonunits used for secondarysteelmaking. Electric arc

furnace temperatures can be up to 1,800degrees Celsius.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furnacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_archttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast_ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steelmakinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsiushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsiushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steelmakinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast_ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_archttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furnace

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Cont..Tapping

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Cont.. EAF Processes

Dephosphorization

Decarburization Melting

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EAF Productivity The EAF - productivity depends on: Metallic Input: - Hot Metal (60-65 tonn) DRI (50-55 tonn) Scrap (adequate(up to 5 tonn)) Equipment (Transformer capacity 100MVA/T) Oxygen blowing

CPC & Lime Addition All these contributes to Tap To Tap Time (Minimum- 40-50min(approximate)) Working Temperature (1550-1600C)

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L.R.F. (Ladle Refining Furnace) Function of LRF

The Ladle furnace is used to heat the steel and achieved the

final composition of steel by adding Ferro alloy, Argon bubbling is applied to homogenize the steel

composition and temperature. Heating of up to 3C per minute is achieved by a set of

graphite electrode, which are lowered into the slag layer, Just above the molten steel surface Another purpose of the ladle furnace is to act as a holding

furnace between the EAF and continuous casting machine.

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LRF Processes Deoxidization

Desulphurization (through lime addition)

Chemical Adjustments (through addition of Fe alloys) Refining

Temperature Control

Homogenization of Compositions (through ArgonPurging)

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V.D. (Vacuum Degassing) Function of V.D.

Vacuum treatment of the steel is the most important

secondary metallurgical process. The tank degasser isused to remove gaseous element, non-metallicinclusion and Sulphur from the steel. The removal ofNon-metallic inclusion is achieved through slag metalinteractions, which are promoted by strong argonflushing within the vacuum tank.

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Cont..Principle of operation RH degasser

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Continuous Casting Continuous casting (also called strand casting) is

the process wherebymolten metal is solidified into a"semi finished" billet, bloom, or slab for subsequentrolling in the finishing mills.

This process is used most frequently to cast steel (interms of tonnage cast).

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molten_metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molten_metal

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Equipments1. Ladle 2. Stopper 3. Tundis

4. Shroud 5. Mold 6. Roll support

7. Turning zone 8. Shroud 9. Bath level10. Meniscus 11. Withdrawal unit 12. Cutting zone

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Cont..

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