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A Role for Metadata in Promoting Accessibility. Liddy Nevile La Trobe University Australia. Summary. The Web for all people Definition of accessibility Accessibility standards/laws Communities working on accessibility Metadata for accessibility Current state of development. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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A Role for Metadata in Promoting Accessibility
Liddy NevileLa Trobe University
Australia
Summary
• The Web for all people• Definition of accessibility• Accessibility standards/laws• Communities working on accessibility• Metadata for accessibility• Current state of development
The Web for every One
• The range of benefits:• Knowledge/Science/…• Tele-health• Tele-education• Ecological • Equity
--> telecommunications access for all--> content and services access for all
Definition of accessibility
• Scenario 1– Rashid is driving his new Porsche to
Agra on Valentine’s Day. He realises that he has not brought flowers and wants to know where he can collect some roses on his way. “Google” knows, but Rashid cannot take his eyes off the road to check the Web. His on-board computer is rendered useless.
Definition of accessibility
• Scenario 2– Indira is a tele-education student
studying mathematics . Her specialisation is continuous fractions. She is finishing her doctoral thesis. Her professor is in Delhi. Indira lives in Sakristi with her parents. Indira is deaf/blind and depends upon her computer and Braille device to communicate.
Definition of accessibility
• Accessibility is about ‘independence’, access despite changes in:– Devices (desktop, laptop, palm, phone..)– Contexts (quiet, noisy, public, …)– Modalities (seeing, hearing, touching, ..)– Abilities (illiterate, dyslexic, dysnumeric,
…)– Languages– Cultures
Definition of accessibility
• In summary, accessibility is about content and services that are developed once and yet available to all devices (and people, including those using assistive technologies)
• i.e. Re-usable multi-media content in forms that comply with W3C standards for accessibility
Accessibility standards/laws
• European Economic Community– Requirements for equity for people with
disabilities, esp. in e-government, e-education, ...
• U.S.A.– Requirements for government
procurement (s. 508) - competitive advantage
• Australia– Requirement for lack of discrimination
(Disabilities Discrimination Act - Common Law interpretation)
Accessibility standards/laws
• India– A “right to information”
• Differences (in enforcement):– EU - a right– USA - a constraint– Australia - a common law protection– India - a common law right
‘accessibility’ Communities
• W3C and W3C WAI (Web Content Accessibility Initiative)
– Guidelines for authors, authoring tools and user agent developers
• EuroAccessibility– Characteristics of accessibility
(based on WCAG)
• Disability communities, advocacy communities, digital library initiatives, ….
Accessibility Metadata WGs
• Dublin Core Metadata Initiative• International Committee Technology
Standards (INCITS V2)• IMS Global Learning Consortium
and• W3C’s Evaluation and Reporting
Language (EARL) Working Group
User profiling
• WebForAll technology (Industry Canada)– smart card to manage hardware/software
• AccessForAll profile (IMS et al.)– Control– Display – Content
Control needs and preferences
User profiling
• WebForAll technology (Industry Canada)– smart card to manage hardware/software
• AccessForAll profile (IMS et al.)– Control– Display – Content
• AccessForAllAlways (CEN MMI-DC) - include language and culture
Content discovery/repairUser profiles
Web services
Metadata repositorysearch engine etc..
Content repositoryWeb server etc..
Technical aspects of access
– Content from HTML to XML (W3C)– Use accessible technologies (SVG, SMIL, i18n, ...)
– Migrate metadata ( HTML to XML to RDF)
– Separate content & presentation (CSS, XSLT, ...)
– Describe user in metadata
=> Use [content + presentation + user] metadata to provide access
State of development
• W3C WAI guidelines – WCAG, ATAG, UAAG, DI, CSS, EARL, XSLT,
SMIL, SVG, ….– XAG
• DCMI, IMS etc…– AccessForAll profile
http://www.imsproject.org/accessibility/
• AccessibilityMetadata– 30th April 2004 in Brussels
Thank you
• http://w3.org/WAI/• http://dublincore.org/groups/access/• http://www.imsproject.org/accessibility• mailto:[email protected]