A SEMINAR ON

QUANTUM COMPUTING

Institute Of Engineering & Management (CSE 3rd year 2008-12 batch)

Submitted to- Submitted by- Mr. D.P.S. Rathor Sudhir singh patel Dinanath vishnoi

QUANTUM COMPUTING

A Vision Of Next Generation Computer’s……..

OUTLINES

A brief Introduction of Quantum computing development…

Quantum computing. Bits versus qubit. Quantum computer Some practical examples. Limitations of quantum computing.

INTRODUCTION

The approach of quantum computing was developed in the University of Bristol by an international research group of scientists. Quantum computing could soon be used to perform complex calculations that can not done by today’s computers.

QUANTUM COMPUTING

This is able to solving more complex calculations and simulation problem.

Quantum computing uses quantum particles to solve problems.

quantum properties can be used to represent data and perform operation on these data.

DATA REPRESENTATION

o Quantum computing supports data representation by qubit

o Physical states of qubit are-

Excited

State

Ground

State

Nucleus

Light pulse of frequency

for time interval t

ElectronState |

0>State |1>

DATA REPRESENTATION Quantum properties-

State |0>

State |0> + |1>

Superposition

Entanglement

QUANTUM BITS

1.Quantum bit or qubit is a basic unit of quantum information .

2.These are analogue of the classical bit.

3. qubits are conventionally written as |0> and |1> (pronounced "ket 0" and "ket 1").

4.A single qubit represent two states 0 or 1 in general n qubits make 2n different states.

QUANTUM BITS The states in which a qubit may be

measured are known as basis states (or vectors)

Quantum bit are also represented as Bloch sphere .

QUBIT MATHEMATICALLY General state of a qubit:

the probability of outcome is | α | 2 and the probability of outcome is | β | 2.

Here α and β are complex number and represent probability amplitudes. Hence total is 1.

n qubits are described by 2n complex numbers.

and operations are described by 2n ×2n matrix.

QUBIT VERSUS BIT

1. A bit is a basic unit of computer information. And understood to either 0 or 1. also known as “off” and “on” position.

2. A qubit is similar to classical bit its also has two possibilities 0 and 1.

3. But a bit must be only 0 or 1, but a qubit can be 0,1 or superposition of 0 and 1.

QUANTUM COMPUTERThe father of quantum

computer DEVID DEUTSCH.Quantum computer is a

machine use for quantum computing.

It has the potential to perform certain calculations significantly faster than any silicon-based computer.

Quantum computer is based on quantum turing theory

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

QUANTUM COMPUTERFuture computer would look like this…

Fig: a proposed model of quantum computer

FEATURES AND WORKING EXAMPLES

Quantum computer is much faster than classical computer.

This computer can solve very complex calculations and simulations.

Quantum computer can solve SHOR’S algorithm.

Quantum computers would be able to solve NP-complete problems efficiently.

USES IN ALL FIELDS

1. Quantum computer can be used in area of finance.

2. It can be used to solving complex Mathematical problems.

3. Military uses of quantum computer.

4. Google image search.

LIMITATIONS There are several limitations of

quantum computing- - Although a qubit can hold

many possible values but only one classical result can be obtained from every run,

• hence the output is probabilistic.

• Repeated runs may be necessary to obtain the desired result.

The computation must be reversible.

It is impossible to copy qubits (no-cloning theorem).

Thank u !

-Presented by. Sudhir singh patel

(0828910031) Dinanath vishnoi (0828910007)