A STUDY ON THE WORK -RELATED STRESSORS OF EMPLOYEES …

A STUDY ON THE WORK-RELATED STRESSORS OF EMPLOYEES OF BUSINESS

PROCESS OUTSOURCING SERVICES (BPOS) IN TRICHY

Dr.M.Velavan, Dr. V. Rengarajan & M.Mumtha, G. Pavisathya, C. Pavithra, R.Padmaja

School of Management, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, India

Abstract: Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) is a subset of outsourcing that involves

contracting the operations and responsibilities for a particular business process to a third party

service provider. The BPO organizations have witnessed high growth as fierce competition

among multinational organizations to reduce cost. Stress is an unavoidable part of an individual‟s

working life. Stress management is one of the burning issues nowadays. All human beings are

suffering from some or the other mental or illness like the blood pressure, heart attack,

depression, ulcer, low concentration etc. competition, availability of manpower in bulk, increase

in daily targets, globalization, diverse culture etc are the main reasons of stress. The purpose of

this paper is to find out the factors which are affecting the BPO employees as stressors.

IINTRODUCTION

Today‟s age is called “the age of anxiety” and this century is called “the century of stress”.

Today vast majorities of people are in a state of stress. Their fast-paced lifestyle demands that

they are raring to go always and are always under pressure to perform. This pressure usually

leads to stress. Stress can be due to various reasons. Stress in many cases causes tension,

depression, anxiety, etc.

A lot of research has been conducted into „stress‟ over the last hundred years. Some theories

about it are now settled and accepted; others are still being researched and debated. The stress of

exhilarating, creative successful that of failure, humiliation or infection is detrimental. Since

then, a great deal of further research has been conducted on the subject, and new ideas have

come to light.

1.2 Need of the study

The purpose of this study is to determine the status of the stress management in industry. The

BPO industry is growing tremendously comparing other industries. The income of the bpo

industry is high, but the job satisfaction level is low for employees. In case of bpo employees

they feel difficult to balance their family and work life, makes more stress and challenge in their

life.

1.3 Statement of the problem

This study deals with the stress level of BPO employees. It is about how the bpo employees

balancing their work stress and family life. It is mainly concerned about the stress management.

International Journal of Pure and Applied MathematicsVolume 119 No. 10 2018, 1455-1462ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)url: http://www.ijpam.euSpecial Issue ijpam.eu

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This aims to figuring out the factor which causes the stress and which type of stress affecting

more.

IILITERATURE REVIEW

Rani and Mahalingam(2003), stated that the performance is the more metrics-driven in the BPO

industry. The major causes of stress is the metrics and the pressure which deliver on them in the

industry. The results for their study is the overall satisfaction score for the ITes employees was at

8.3 (or 83.0percent) on a scale of 10.

Babu (2004), stated that the performance of the BPO employees is linked with incentives in cash.

Simply the act of linking the performance of the employees with their incentives resulted in

continuous stress.

Shivani (2006), stated the an employees were given ratings based on their performance. It

determines whether the employee is eligible for promotion or not, this increased the stress levels

of the employee.

Ramakrishna (2002), senior human resources executive stated that an employee mostly fails to

know what is expected out of him and finds it difficult to understand that what the performance

parameters are.

Ishita chatterjee et al (2011), stated that the irregular working hours, pressures of shift work, lack

of motivating factors are some main factors for employees suffer from role-expectation conflict.

Bhatti et al (2010), stated the 67 percent of overall stress experienced by the employees is

workload in the organization. Various organizational related variables have been found to be the

reason behind the workplace stress.

III ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

Table 1 -Descriptive statistics analysis of the respondents

Measure Item FY %

Gender Male 63 63

Female 37 37

Age below 25 yrs 37 37.0

26 yrs-30 yrs 27 27.0

31 yrs-35 yrs 24 24.0

above 35 yrs 12 12.0

Educational qualification hsc 7 7.0

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under graduate 47 47.0

post graduate 30 30.0

professional diploma/ITI 16 16.0

Marital status single 41 41.0

married 56 56.0

divorce 3 3.0

Monthly income below rs.20000 22 22.0

rs.20001-25000 23 23.0

rs.25001-30000 14 14.0

rs.30001-35000 33 33.0

above rs.35000 8 8.0

Type of bpo company tts 50 50

vs 50 50

Awareness about alternative sources Nuclear 57 57

Joint 43 43

The sample of respondents is n=100. The above table represents the descriptive statistics of the

gender, age, educational qualification, marital status, monthly income, bpo companies, year of

experience, family type. The descriptive statistics of gender are male 63 and female 37, age of

the respondent are mostly around below 25 years, the education qualification of the respondents

are under graduate out of 100.

Table2 -ANOVA between the dependent variables and the demographic factors of the

respondents

Variable Factors F sig

Emotional

Education qualification 6.897 .000

Year of experience 3.045 .052

Family type 4.352 .015

Psychology Educational qualification 7.060 .000

Monthly income 3.071 .020

Organizational Educational qualification 2.802 .044

Work related Family type 3.854 .025

Social Educational qualification 2.736 .048

Family type 3.451 .036

Salary compensation

Gender 4.745 .011

Marital status 3.291 .024

Educational qualification 2.310 .081

Monthly income 2.450 .051


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(*=H0 accepted at 5% significance level)

Hypothesis(H0): There is no significance between the dependent factors and independent factors

of bpo employees. From the table, there is no significance difference between

i. The emotional and the factors are education qualification and family type.

ii. The psychology and the factors are educational qualification and monthly income.

iii. The organizational and the factor is educational qualification.

iv. The work-related and the factor is family type.

v. The social stressors and the factors are educational qualification and family type.

vi. The salary compensation and the factors are gender and marital status.

The above variables and the demographic factors are accepted and others are rejected.

Table 3 -Regression between the dependent variables and the demographic factors of the

respondents

S.no Predictors Unstandardized coefficients Sig value

B Std.Error p (constant) 10.565 1.683 .000

1 Emotional Age .646 .562 .253

Gender -.254 .924 .784

Marital .873 .955 .363

Income -1.063 .374 .005

2 Psychology Age .179 .349 .609

Gender .716 .574 .215

Marital -.552 .593 .354

Income -.595 .232 .012

3 Work related Age -.504 .701 .474

Gender .113 1.154 .922

Marital 3.271 1.192 .007

Income -.909 .467 .054

4 salary Age -.214 2.088 .919

Gender 4.762 3.435 .169

Marital 7.626 3.549 .034

Income -3.712 1.390 .009


Hypothesis (H0): There is no significant effect on the dependent variables and the demographic

factors. The regression table represents that there is no significant effect the variables emotional,

psychology, work-related, salary compensation with the demographic factors.


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Table 4 – chi square test between the dependent variables and the demographic factors of

the respondents

Demographic factors Stressors variable about

Chi-square value Sig. Decision Gender 56.42 0.003 Accept

Age 12.72 0.005 Accept

Monthly income 18.1 0.001 Accept Marital status 92.88 0.521 Reject

Occupation 36.56 0.219 Reject


Hypothesis (H0): there is no association between the dependent variables and demographic

factors. The chi square table represents that there is no association between the dependent

variables and the demographic factors like gender, age, monthly income. The marital status and

income have association with the dependent variable.

IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Research findings

In this study, most of the respondents are male in gender, the age around below 25 years working

as the employees in BPO sector. From this study we found out that the BPO sector prefers

youngster mostly because they extracts more work from them.The BPO employees are suffering

from stress which is in the form of the emotional, psychological, general, organizational, work-

related, social and salary compensation.

The emotional form of stressors is caused by the factors of educational qualification and the

family type. The psychological stressors is caused by the educational qualification and monthly

income factors. The organizational stressors is caused by the factor educational qualification.

The work-related stressors is caused by the factor family type. The social stressors is caused by

the factors of educational qualification and family type. The salary compensation stressors is

caused by the factor of gender and marital status.

Form the study we found that the stressors like emotional, psychology, work-related and salary

compensation are the major stressors affecting the factor of gender, age, marital status and the

income.

The major factors are the gender, age and monthly income which affects more in the life of BPO

employees. These results are extracted from the analysis of data.

V CONCLUSION

The stress management is the biggest issue in the BPO and IT sectors. It becomes a major

problem in the employee‟s life. Positive attitude, meditation, problem solving attribute helps for


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managing the stress and reducing the stress slowly. Being broader perspective in life makes to

reduce the stress effectively. The organization should conduct the programs to analyse the stress

level for the employees and organize the programs to overcome from the stress.

This study was conducted for the trichy employees only. This study sample size was 100 due to

time constraints. The results have been analyzed and expressed as various variable in the form of

analysis. From the study we are able to reduce the level of stress from the variety of stress factors

that are mentioned in the above analysis table. Let us hope that the factors we found in this study

will reduce the stress and make a healthy improvement for the employees as well as the

organization.

VI REFERENCES

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Sheppard., (1997), "Stress Management", Human Relations, New Delhi.


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12) Mujtaba and McCartney, (2007), "Research over the situations begins stress" New Book,

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A STUDY ON THE WORK -RELATED STRESSORS OF EMPLOYEES …