Connecting people, things and content via satellite:A technology and service provider perspectiveIoT Summit – RWW 2019

January 21, 2019

Girish Chandran

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Viasat: A brief introduction

Founded in 1986 Over $1.6B in revenue

Multiple satellites in orbit ~ 5000 employees

Communication systems and service provider

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› Economics of IoT

› A brief introduction to satellites for IoT and examples of ground architecture

› Some use cases for satellites

Agenda

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ECONOMICS OF IOT

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IoT spending in transportation, manufacturing, utilities

2017

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Major IoT use cases: Maintenance, optimization, inventory management, monitoring

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Chips & Modules

IntelQualcomm

ARMTI….

Objects/Things

GEBoschFitbit

Philips…

Network & Security

ViasatInmarsat

OrbcommVerizon

….

Platforms, Apps &

Analytics

AmazonIBM

GoogleJasper

…

Services & Integration

AccentureInfosys

EricssonCisco

...

IOT value chain – Where is the money?

THINGS DATANETWORK

CU

STO

MER

~15-20% 10-15% ~65-70%

Source: BCG IoT buyer survey, 2017

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IoT value chain: Growth in application and services

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› Business model provides a recurring revenue stream and generates profits

› Opening of new revenue streams through data collection and analysis

› Consistent sell-through of consumables (sensors, lambda functions, etc.)

› IoT products incur continuous infrastructure-related costs

Service provider view

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1. Subscription: Weekly, monthly, annual

2. Pay Per Use: Alerts, daily, hourly, minute, ...

3. Value sharing: Price depends on value generated for customer

Pricing Models

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Connectivity Pricing Model: Bandwidth economics matters in network design

VERIZON

Ka-band is cheaper, L-band pricing is ~10x more

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Introduction to satellites for IoT

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Satellite use in various industries

Source: SIA State of the industry report, prepared by Bryce

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History of Satellite IoT

› Developed to extend reach

› Started off as expensive

› Started with little competition

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Advantages of satellites in IoT uses

› Global reach

› Immediacy – no need to set up towers or fiber connections

› Reliability– Infrastructure not impacted by hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, etc.

› Multicasting

› Longevity

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Example coverage maps

< 1MbpsInmarsat L-Band

Viasat-3: Ka-Band, >> 1MbpsOrbcomm VHF Band < 1Mbps

Viasat: L-Band through partnerships, < 1Mbps

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Satellite orbits

Type LEO MEO GEOHeight 500-1500 km 5000-12000

km36000 km

Round-trip time

20-25 ms 110-130 ms ~250 ms

Transmit Power

Small Medium Large

Antenna size Small Medium LargeOrbital Period

10-40 min 2-8 hours 24 hours

Satellite Life Short Long Long

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LEO and GEO for people and things

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Matching supply to demand: No advantage to LEOs

› Photons à Electrons

› Electrons à Power Flux Density (PFD)

› PFD à $

› Isotropic gain of GEO antenna exactly compensates for the path loss

R1

R2

GEO

LEO

!

"1"2!

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ARCHITECTURE

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A simplified view

ConnectivitySecurity

Flexible processing pipelines

Data Analytics

@ Scale

INDUSTRIAL CONSUMER

1.PEOPLE AND THINGS

2.NETWORK

3.CONTENT

NETWORK

CONTENT

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System Diagram

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Gateway evolution for VS-x satellites

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Connectivity architecture

CONSUMER GOVERNMENTBUSINESS

CONNECTIVITY PLATFORM

RESIDENTIAL SERVICES

COMM. AIR SERVICES

DEVICE/B2C SERVICES

USDoD

INTL.DoD GEN. AVEMERGING

SERVICES

APIs

SERVICE CREATION, ORCHESTRATION, MANAGEMENT

Consumer Industrial, Enterprise, Govt.

Virtualized NetworksCore Network

Access Infrastructure

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Service delivery architecture: Automation for efficiency at scale

CONSUMER GOVERNMENTBUSINESS

CONNECTIVITY PLATFORM

RESIDENTIAL SERVICES

COMM. AIR SERVICES

DEVICE/B2C SERVICES

USDoD

INTL.DoD GEN. AVEMERGING

SERVICES

APIs

SERVICE CREATION, ORCHESTRATION, MANAGEMENT

Consumer Industrial, Enterprise, Govt.

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TRANSPORTATION

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IIoT drivers:Operational efficiency and improved productivity

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› People and things (cargo)– ~4.2B passengers in 2018

› Big and slow – ~820B in revenues, ~$33 B in profits– 5-6% growth, profits declined in 2018

› So ancillary revenue sources and operational efficiency is important

Transportation: Airline

Source: IBIS world, Economic times Source: Statista.com, IATA 2018

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Safety

“The drawback to that is we don’t have broadband everywhere,” – Champion, EVP, Airbus

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› Inflight Internet – providing connectivity to passengers and crew› On board entertainment› Flight operations – Weather, flight plans & charts, docs, operational data, safety

Broadband connectivity for people and things

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Sensors

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Network components

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Mount details

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› Total operational efficiencies - ~$15B

› $11B – Reduce impact of disruption - delays, cancellations, diversions

› $1.3B - $3B savings– Optimizing flight paths through improved weather info – resulting in fuel savings of

1% per flight increasing to 2.5%

› $3B savings– Migrating from radar air-traffic control to satellite base navigation with automated

aircraft position

Airline operational savings through improved connectivity

Source: Grous, A., Sky High Economics, London School of Economics, 2017

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Network terminal

Sensors and connectivitySafety

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DRONES with satellite for Beyond-Line-Of-SightSafety

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Phased arrays for connected cars

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AGRICULTURE AND AQUACULTURE

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Sensors for Agriculture

› Passive ›Active

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Uses in agriculture› 24x7 real time tracking› Precision agriculture technologies› Early warning systems› Soil type and classification and moisture› Detection of drought, disease, agricultural pests› Herbal product development monitoring› Herbal product type decomposition› Agriculture area management

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Monitoring fishing, farms, algal booms

Passive Active

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Immediacy› Paramedic teams› Satellite + Cellular› Least cost routing› Secured

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Reliability

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› IoT use cases require better bandwidth economics– Newer satellites delivering better economics $/Gbps

› Satellite advantages include global coverage, reliability, immediacy, multicasting, longevity

› Particularly well suited when use cases are matched to satellite advantages

› Serves many industries, including transportation, agriculture, safety and security, energy and utilities, automotive and logistics, manufacturing, global health, environment, smart cities, smart home

Satellites in IoT