A. Toivonen Espoo 3.4.2009 HPLWR phase 2 / GETMAT: FP6 / 7 projektien yleisesittely

A. Toivonen

Espoo 3.4.2009

HPLWR phase 2 / GETMAT: FP6 / 7 projektien yleisesittely

VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND

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Objective

“The overall objective of the HPLWR Phase 2 project is to assess the critical scientific issues and the technical feasibility of the High Performance Light Water Reactor (HPLWR) system with a view to determine its future potential.”

HPLWR Phase 2 - Overview -


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• High Performance Light Water Reactor Phase 2(HPLWR Phase 2)

• Start: September 1, 2006• End: February 2010• Duration: 42 Months (3.5 years)• 10 Partners from 8 European Countries (+3 active supporters)• Budget: 4.652.400 €


Part of the Generation IV International Forum research activities on Supercritical Water-Cooled Reactors (SCWR) carried out in Japan, Canada, South Korea, and Europe. There are also activities in China and Russia in this field.


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Labor Distribution on WPs [PM]

46

102

75

91

31

4 11

360 PM

WP3 "Safety"

WP4 “Materials”

WP5 "Heat Transfer”

WP6 “Education & Dissemination”

WP7 “Management”

WP1 "Design & Integration

WP2 "Core Design”



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WP3: Safety (M. Andreani, PSI)VTT contributions 9 person months: Development of HPLWR model for the current three-pass design, as well as the needed transient neutronics group constants (cross sections)Analysis of selected RIA cases, e.g. control rod ejection (Antti Daavittila, Malla Seppälä, Joona Kurki)

WP4: Materials (A. Toivonen, VTT)VTT contributions 44 person months:To select optimal materials for in-core and out-of-core applications in HPLWR Produce general corrosion, SCC and creep data and model for database (Sami Penttilä, Aki Toivonen)

WP1: Design & Integration (D. Bitterman, AREVA)VTT contribution 3 person months:To compare the estimated HPLWR electricity producing costs to competing alternatives in Finland, e.g. EPR (Göran Koreneff)



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HPLWR: Design parameters

HPLWR Data (5th FP)

Gross power 1000 MWe

System pressure 25 MPa

Core coolant mass flow rate 1160 kg/s

Core coolant inlet temp. 280 °C

Core coolant outlet temp. 500 °C

Active core height 4200 mm

Fuel pin outer diameter 8.0 mm

Fuel pitch 9.5 mm

Fuel assembly shape hex. or square

RPV total height 13000 mm

RPV inner diameter 3380 mm

14.3 m

4.5 m

Cladding temperature ~620oCNet efficiency 44%

Enthalpy rise of 1936 kJ/kg(EPR: 190 kJ/kg)


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GETMAT -Overview-

• Start of the GETMAT project February 1st 2008

• Duration of the GETMAT project 60 months

• Budget 14 M€ total budget and 7.5 M€ EC contribution

Generation IV and Transmutation Materials


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GETMAT -Overview-

• The requirements defined for innovative nuclear systems are• Sustainability and waste minimisation• Enhanced economics, safety and reliability• Enhanced proliferation resistance

• With respect to the current nuclear industry experience, demanding material-related operational conditions can be envisaged e.g.:

• High in-service and off-normal temperatures• High burn-ups• Long service life-time (~ 60 years)• Compatibility with new coolants

These conditions imply new challenges on structural materials.


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P Beneficiary name Beneficiary short name Country

1 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH FZK Germany

2 Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique CEA France

3 Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie/ Centre d'étude de l'Energie Nucléaire SCK-CEN Belgium

4 Ente per le nuove Tecnologie l’Energia e l’Ambiente ENEA Italy

5 Paul Scherrer Institute PSI Switzerland

6 Nuclear Research and Consultancy Group NRG Netherland

7 Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologicas CIEMAT Spain

8 Electricité de France SA EDF SA France

9 Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf FZD Germany

10 Université Libre de Bruxelles ULB Belgium

11 Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan KTH Sweden

12 The University of Liverpool UL United Kingdom

13 The University of Edinburgh UEDIN United Kingdom

14 University of Alicante UA Spain

15 University of Helsinki UH Finland

16 Materialpruefungsanstalt Universitaet Stuttgart MPA.USTUTT Germany

17 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR Italy

18 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS France

19 Ústav jaderného výzkumu Řež a.s UJV Czech Republic

20 Joint Research Centre (IE, ITU) JRC Belgium

21 Technical Research Centre of Finland VTT Finland

22 Chalmers University CHALMERS Sweden

23 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid UPM Spain

24 CESI RICERCA CESI-RI Italy


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WP1 Metallurgical and Mechanical Behaviour

WP2 Material Compatibility with Coolant(VTT contribution 200 k€)

WP3 Irradiation behaviour of structural materials

WP4 Multiscale Modelling and model experiments

Program concentrates on F/M steels, ODS steels, welding of ODSs, and coating methods

GETMAT -Overview-


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Fuel cladding: wall thickness ~0.5 mm, Tpeak 620-630oC:-F/M steels: high oxide growth rate, ~1.5 mm/year-9%Cr ODS: still rather high oxide growth rate, 0.2-0.3 mm/year-Austenitic SSs and Ni base: rather high oxide growth rate or contains too much Ni-PM2000 corrosion rate slow, but suffers from 475oC embrittlement

PM2000 selected at this stage

Other core components (500oC peak temperature):-F/M steels: too high oxide growth rate at least for thin walled components

austenitic SSs selected at this stage

VTT contribution: Conclusions from HPLWR Phase 2 materials studies

GETMAT -Overview-


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Improved general corrosion resistance for F/M and ODS steels needed:

-Increased Cr for ODS seels (>9% Cr)?-surface treatments (Cr cladding of F/M steels)?

GETMAT -Overview-

VTT contribution: Conclusions from HPLWR Phase 2 materials studies


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-Tests in supercritical water in oxidising and reducing environments (125 ppb O2/30 cc/kg H2)-500 and/or 600oC for 1000 and 2000h

-weight gain measurements-cross sectional SEM and EDS studies

Status: waiting for the test materials

General corrosion tests

GETMAT -Overview-

VTT contribution


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SCC tests

-Environmental parameters as in general corrosion tests

-SSRT tests: equipment ready (tested within HPLWR Phase 2)-d/dt 3e-7 1/s (previously proposed 1e-6 1/s or 1e-7 1/s. More reference data, however, available for 3e-7 1/s)

-post test fracture surface examination by SEM

Status: can be started in fall 2009, if test materials are available

GETMAT -Overview-

VTT contribution


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Thanks for attention

Documents

A. Toivonen Espoo 3.4.2009 HPLWR phase 2 / GETMAT: FP6 / 7 projektien yleisesittely