A View From The Bridge - St Roch's Secondary · PDF fileDrama A View from the Bridge Use this as a record of your learning each day you are in English ... information you have on HOW

A View From The A View From The BridgeBridge

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UnderstoodUnderstood understoodunderstood understoodunderstoodEverything Everything some thingssome things nothingnothing

Drama Drama –– A View from the BridgeA View from the Bridge Use this as a record of your learning each day you are in EnglisUse this as a record of your learning each day you are in Englishh

10. final task: writing10. final task: writingcritical essaycritical essay

5b Resolution of theme of Loyalty5b Resolution of theme of Loyalty

5a Resolution of Eddie5a Resolution of Eddie’’s character s character –– EddieEddie’’s inability to accept his s inability to accept his own circumstances own circumstances

4 Key Scene 4 Key Scene –– 74 74 –– 77 77 –– climax in theme climax in theme –– character makes an character makes an accusation against another characteraccusation against another character

3b Crisis in theme of Loyalty 3b Crisis in theme of Loyalty –– ending inevitableending inevitable3a Crisis in Eddie3a Crisis in Eddie’’s character s character –– negative emotions + actionsnegative emotions + actions2b Development of theme of Loyalty2b Development of theme of Loyalty

2a Development of Eddie2a Development of Eddie’’s character s character –– more negative aspects more negative aspects revealedrevealed

1b Introduction to theme of Loyalty 1b Introduction to theme of Loyalty –– early in actionearly in action1a Introduction to Eddie1a Introduction to Eddie’’s character s character –– positive + negative aspectspositive + negative aspects

If amber, why?If amber, why?SectionSection


3B3B –– CrisisCrisis in the in the ThemeTheme of Loyalty to a Communi tyof Loyalty to a Communi tyTheme further devel oped through acti on and how tension shows theTheme further devel oped through acti on and how tension shows thememeapproaching climaxapproaching climax

3A3A –– CrisisCrisis point in the play point in the play –– EddieEddie’’s characters characterHow negative aspects of Eddi eHow negative aspects of Eddi e’’s character are affecti ng his role within the familys character are affecti ng his role within the familyat the beginning of Act 2at the beginning of Act 2

2B2B –– DevelopmentDevelopment of the Theme of Lo yalty to a Communi tyof the Theme of Lo yalty to a Communi tyHow the theme is developed through the actionHow the theme is developed through the action

2A2A –– DevelopmentDevelopment of of EddieEddie’’s characters characterHow more negative aspects of Eddi eHow more negative aspects of Eddi e’’s character emerge tow ards the end of Act 1s character emerge tow ards the end of Act 1

1B1B –– RevelationRevelation of the of the Theme Theme of Loyalty to a Communit yof Loyalty to a Communit yHow the theme is established early in the actionHow the theme is established early in the action

1A1A –– RevelationRevelation of of EddieEddie ’’s characters characterHow positive and negative aspects of EddieHow positive and negative aspects of Eddie ’’s character are reveal eds character are reveal ed

ContentsContents


How to integrate what has been learned about character and themeHow to integrate what has been learned about character and theme , as , as appropriate and write a critical appropriate and write a critical essayessay

66 –– Planning Critical EssaysPlanning Critical EssaysFocus on past cri tical essay Focus on past cri tical essay questions questions that are suitable for A View from the Bridgethat are suitable for A View from the Bridge

5B5B –– Resolution of the theme of Lo yalty to a Communit y Resolution of the theme of Lo yalty to a Communit y How the theme is resolved in the final section of the playHow the theme is resolved in the final section of the play

5A5A –– Resolution of EddieResolution of Eddie’’s complex characters complex characterHow negative aspects of Eddi eHow negative aspects of Eddi e’’s character cause i nevitable consequences at the s character cause i nevitable consequences at the end of Act 2end of Act 2

44 –– KEY SCENE in the climax of the Theme of Lo yalty to a Communi tyKEY SCENE in the climax of the Theme of Lo yalty to a Communi tyClimax shown through a character maki ng an accusati on against anClimax shown through a character maki ng an accusati on against another other character + a scene invol ving intense emotioncharacter + a scene invol ving intense emotion


SECTION 1 SECTION 1

§§ Of Eddie CarboneOf Eddie Carbone’’s s CharacterCharacter

§§ Of theOf the Theme Theme of Loyalty to a particular of Loyalty to a particular code of honour / communi tycode of honour / communi ty


Section 1A Section 1A REVELATION OF EDDIEREVELATION OF EDDIE ’’S S

CHARACTERCHARACTER

Positive and Negative aspects Positive and Negative aspects of his personality are revealedof his personality are revealed

Beginning of Act 1Beginning of Act 1CONTENTSCONTENTS


Lesson AimLesson Aim§§ We are learning toWe are learning to analyseanalyse and and evaluateevaluate§§ positivepositive§§ and and §§ negative negative §§ aspects of Eddie Carboneaspects of Eddie Carbone ’’s character from the s character from the

beginning of the play.beginning of the play.


Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria§§ I will succeed today when I am able to match a I will succeed today when I am able to match a

particular aspect of Eddieparticular aspect of Eddie ’’s character to evidence from s character to evidence from the play + discuss my reasons.the play + discuss my reasons.

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to contribute to I will succeed today when I am able to contribute to analysis and evaluation ofanalysis and evaluation of a particular aspect of a particular aspect of EddieEddie ’’s character with a partner + record our answers s character with a partner + record our answers in a table in a table

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to write TWO I will succeed today when I am able to write TWO bullet points in a mini essay or mind map clearly bullet points in a mini essay or mind map clearly showing U / A / E in relation to ONE positive and ONE showing U / A / E in relation to ONE positive and ONE negative aspect of Eddienegative aspect of Eddie ’’s character s character


REVELATION of EDDIEREVELATION of EDDIE ’’S S CHARACTERCHARACTER

§§ Eddie Carbone l ives with his wife, Eddie Carbone l ives with his wife, Beatrice and her niece, Catherine in the Beatrice and her niece, Catherine in the Italian immigrant communi ty of Red Italian immigrant communi ty of Red Hook, Brooklyn in New York, USA. Hook, Brooklyn in New York, USA.

§§ His character is introduced through what His character is introduced through what he sayshe says and and doesdoes..


TASK 1TASK 1-- Matching Matching ExerciseExercise

§§ In pairsIn pairs, match the correct comment , match the correct comment that is made about Eddie to the that is made about Eddie to the appropriate e vidence from this key appropriate e vidence from this key episode from the text.episode from the text.


Anxious about Rodolfo Anxious about Rodolfo –– scepticalsceptical

Becoming DetachedBecoming Detached

Changing Changing –– becoming tensebecoming tense

Establishes himself Establishes himself –– the dominantthe dominantmale in controlmale in control

Becomes uncomfortable withBecomes uncomfortable withRodolfoRodolfo

Welcoming / accommodatingWelcoming / accommodating

Understands the consequences ofUnderstands the consequences ofbreaking the (unwritten) breaking the (unwritten) ‘‘lawlaw’’ ofofhis communityhis community

Loyal Loyal –– wouldnwouldn’’t t ‘‘snitchsnitch’’ to anybodyto anybody

Comment about Eddie Comment about Eddie ––characteristic (Understanding)characteristic (Understanding)

[[his face his face puffedpuffed with with troubletrouble] (27)] (27)

[[he is sizing uphe is sizing up Rodolfo + Rodolfo + there isthere isconcealed suspicionconcealed suspicion] (26)] (26)

YouYou’’re re welcomewelcome, Marco, we got , Marco, we got plenty ofplenty ofroomroom here (19)here (19)

[[Eddie has Eddie has risenrisen, with , with iron controliron control, , even aeven asmilesmile] (26)] (26)

Just rememberJust remember, kid, you can quicker get, kid, you can quicker getback a back a million dollars that was stolemillion dollars that was stole than athan aword you gave away (16)word you gave away (16)

[[-- he is coming more and more to he is coming more and more to addressaddressMARCO MARCO onlyonly ] (22)] (22)

DonDon’’t thank me. Listen, what the hell, itt thank me. Listen, what the hell, it’’ssno skin off me (23)no skin off me (23)

It It nevernever comes out of comes out of your mouthyour mouth whowhothey are or what theythey are or what they’’re re doindoin’’ here (pg 15)here (pg 15)

Evidence (Understanding)Evidence (Understanding)


ConclusionConclusion……

§§ Eddie is revealed as a complex Eddie is revealed as a complex individual, even at this early stage in the individual, even at this early stage in the drama.drama.

§§ You have now to take this a sta ge You have now to take this a sta ge further and further and analyse HOWanalyse HOW Arthur Miller Arthur Miller shows the different qualities o f Eddie shows the different qualities o f Eddie Carbone.Carbone.


TASK 2TASK 2§§ You will now complete the following table using the You will now complete the following table using the

comments and evidence you looked at in comments and evidence you looked at in task 1task 1 to to explore explore Eddie CarboneEddie Carbone ’’s characters character

§§ You will show how You will show how ANALYSISANALYSIS and and EVALUATION EVALUATION ensures a more developed comment on ensures a more developed comment on CHARACTER (I will model the first example)CHARACTER (I will model the first example)

§§ This will involve developed This will involve developed group/paired workgroup/paired work::

§§ Each group will be givenEach group will be given ONE ONE piece of evidence / piece of evidence / comment from the first paired task to comment from the first paired task to ANALYSEANALYSE AND AND EVALUATE EVALUATE (each pair given a different piece of (each pair given a different piece of evidence)evidence)


Comment on what you think of Comment on what you think of Eddie (E)Eddie (E)

Comment on HOW MillerComment on HOW Millerreveals Eddiereveals Eddie’’s character s character

(A)(A)

Evidence Evidence CommentCommentabout Eddieabout Eddie

(U)(U)Loyal Loyal ––

wouldnwouldn’’t t ‘‘snitchsnitch’’ on on anyoneanyone

Positive Positive OrOrnegativenegative

aspect?aspect?

‘‘It It never never comes out of comes out of your mouthyour mouthwho they are who they are or what or what theythey’’re re doindoin’’herehere’’ (15)(15)

What Eddie says:What Eddie says:

•• Word choice is significant Word choice is significant ––““your mouthyour mouth”” –– not his. Does not not his. Does not even seem to be a question that even seem to be a question that he would he would ‘‘snitchsnitch’’

•• ““nevernever”” –– like a command like a command ––exerting his authority over the exerting his authority over the womenwomen

•• Eddie appears to be loyal to a fault Eddie appears to be loyal to a fault

•• He is trying to protect his family from He is trying to protect his family from any trouble they would get into if they any trouble they would get into if they told anybody of the situationtold anybody of the situation

•• He is taking the lead + making it clear He is taking the lead + making it clear to the women that they must NOT say to the women that they must NOT say

anythinganything•• At this stage, Eddie appears to be At this stage, Eddie appears to be

typical of the community he lives intypical of the community he lives in

Understands the Understands the consequences consequences of breaking the of breaking the ‘‘lawlaw’’ of his of his communitycommunity


aspect?aspect?

Welcoming /Welcoming /AccommodatingAccommodating


aspect?aspect?

What Eddie says:What Eddie says:•• Tone Tone -- almost like he is giving almost like he is giving CathCath

advice advice -- ‘‘just rememberjust remember””

•• Word choice: Word choice: ““million dollars that million dollars that was stolewas stole”” -- a lot of money to thesea lot of money to these

peoplepeople

•• highlights how difficult it would behighlights how difficult it would beto retract words to retract words -- how could youhow could youever get a stolen million back?ever get a stolen million back?

•• It appears that Eddie has CatherineIt appears that Eddie has Catherine’’ssbest interests at heartbest interests at heart

•• He is warning her trying to make herHe is warning her trying to make hersee how precious her see how precious her ““wordword”” is is ——““million dollarsmillion dollars””

•• The improbability of The improbability of ““snitchingsnitching”” beingbeingaccepted is clearly shownaccepted is clearly shown

What Eddie says:What Eddie says:•• Word choice Word choice -- ‘‘welcomewelcome”” ““plentyplenty

of roomof room”” -- indicates that Eddie indicates that Eddie wants the men to be therewants the men to be there

•• Accommodating , warm and Accommodating , warm and friendlyfriendly

•• Tone Tone -- friendly / pleasant friendly / pleasant -- should should put cousins at easeput cousins at ease

•• Eddie appears to be very generousEddie appears to be very generoustowards the mentowards the men

•• He is showing true consideration toHe is showing true consideration totheir feelings and is trying to make the their feelings and is trying to make the

situation as easy as possible for themsituation as easy as possible for them•• He seems genuineHe seems genuine•• Keen to please Keen to please -- saying they have plenty saying they have plenty

of room when they donof room when they don’’t t -- doesndoesn’’t want t want the men to feel uneasythe men to feel uneasy

Just rememberJust remember, , kid, you can kid, you can quicker getquicker getback back a million a million dollars that dollars that was stolewas stole than than a word you a word you gave away (16)gave away (16)

YouYou’’re re welcomewelcome, , Marco, we got Marco, we got plenty ofplenty ofroomroom here (19)here (19)


Comment on what you think ofComment on what you think ofEddie Eddie (E)(E)

Comment on HOW MillerComment on HOW Millerreveals Eddiereveals Eddie’’s characters character

(A)(A)

Evidence Evidence CommentCommentabout Eddieabout Eddie

(U)(U)

•• Unexpected change as Eddie Unexpected change as Eddie seemed so welcoming at firstseemed so welcoming at first

•• Unexplained as it is not clear why Unexplained as it is not clear why Eddie is becoming uncomfortable Eddie is becoming uncomfortable with with RodolphoRodolpho although thealthough theaudience can speculateaudience can speculate

•• Stage directions reveal EddieStage directions reveal Eddie’’ssactionsactions

•• ““AddressesAddresses”” only Marco only Marco –– notnotRadolphoRadolpho

•• indicates change indicates change -- why would why would Eddie only speak to one Eddie only speak to one brother?brother?

•• Stage directions again reveal Stage directions again reveal what Eddie doeswhat Eddie does

•• ““risenrisen”” -- gets up gets up -- above all above all other characters other characters -- intimidatingintimidating

•• ““iron controliron control”” -- iron is a strongiron is a strongmetal / steel metal / steel -- cannot be bentcannot be benteasilyeasily

•• ““even a smileeven a smile”” –– indicatesindicatessmugness? Triumphantsmugness? Triumphant

•• reveals on reveals on ‘‘edgeedge’’ to Eddieto Eddie’’s s character that again is unexpectedcharacter that again is unexpected

•• his reaction shows clearly that hehis reaction shows clearly that hewants to be in charge and dominantwants to be in charge and dominant

•• he also appears to be enjoying thehe also appears to be enjoying theprocess clearly thinking that he has process clearly thinking that he has ‘‘wonwon’’

•• audience begin to question Eddieaudience begin to question Eddie’’ssreaction and his motivation reaction and his motivation -- CathCath??

•• Stage directions reveal whatStage directions reveal whatEddie doesEddie does

•• ““puffedpuffed”” significant significant –– indicatesindicatesredness / change in redness / change in appearanceappearance

•• ““troubletrouble”” is ominous is ominous -- indicates indicates anxiety or danger anxiety or danger -- inevitable inevitable that protagonist is mapping that protagonist is mapping downfall?downfall?

•• Also focus on a look Also focus on a look -- nothing nothing has been spoken as yethas been spoken as yet

•• Clear that Eddie feels that there is a Clear that Eddie feels that there is a problemproblem

•• audience again suspicious that audience again suspicious that Eddie is creating a situation out of Eddie is creating a situation out of nothingnothing

•• impression of Eddie is beginning toimpression of Eddie is beginning tochange although his motives couldchange although his motives couldbe entirely harmless and well be entirely harmless and well meaningmeaning

Becomes Becomes uncomfortable uncomfortable with Rodolfowith Rodolfo


aspect?aspect?

[[-- he is coming he is coming more and more more and more to to addressaddressMARCO MARCO onlyonly ] ] (22)(22)

Establishes Establishes himself himself –– the the dominantdominantmale in controlmale in control


aspect?aspect?

[[Eddie has Eddie has risenrisen, with , with iron controliron control, , even aeven asmilesmile] (26)] (26)

[[his face his face puffedpuffedwith with troubletrouble] ] (27)(27)

Changing Changing ––becoming tensebecoming tense


aspect?aspect?



Review Of Previous Review Of Previous LearningLearning

§§ The section of act 1 that you have been The section of act 1 that you have been studying is clearly a key scene in the play as it studying is clearly a key scene in the play as it acts as an acts as an INTRODUCTION to EddieINTRODUCTION to Eddie’’s s character.character.

§§ Through the activi ties that you have been Through the activi ties that you have been involved in, it should be clear to you the involved in, it should be clear to you the purpose of this key scene in the play.purpose of this key scene in the play.


What next???What next???§§ You now have the opportunity to collate the You now have the opportunity to collate the

information you have on information you have on HOWHOW Arthur Miller Arthur Miller introduces introduces positive and negative aspects of positive and negative aspects of Eddie CarboneEddie Carbone’’s character.s character.

§§ You can write a mini essa yYou can write a mini essa y detailing all the detailing all the relevant points you wish to make regarding relevant points you wish to make regarding Eddie, showing how you would bring the Eddie, showing how you would bring the evidence and comments you have collated evidence and comments you have collated already into a critical response on this play.already into a critical response on this play.


Mini Essay TaskMini Essay Task§§ The mini essay or mind map should cover the The mini essay or mind map should cover the

key aspects of this scene:key aspects of this scene:§§ The introduction of EddieThe introduction of Eddie’’s character s character –– 2 2

paragraphsparagraphs –– ONE positiveONE positive aspect and aspect and ONE ONE negativenegative aspect aspect §§ The evidence to show what Eddie says / does The evidence to show what Eddie says / does

(Understanding)(Understanding)§§ Comment on HOW Miller highlights aspects of Comment on HOW Miller highlights aspects of

EddieEddie ’’s personality to the audience s personality to the audience (Analysis)(Analysis)§§ Comment on how you feel about Eddie at this point Comment on how you feel about Eddie at this point

in the play and why in the play and why (Evaluation)(Evaluation)


Critical Essay: Critical Essay: Paragraph FormulaParagraph Formula

§§ Point/Topic sentencePoint/Topic sentence: Must be relevant to the task and make a clear : Must be relevant to the task and make a clear point about the text (Eddiepoint about the text (Eddie’’s character at the beginning of the play)s character at the beginning of the play)

§§ ContextContext:: IntroduceIntroduce the quotation. Which aspect of character are you the quotation. Which aspect of character are you exploring, positive or negative? exploring, positive or negative?

§§ QuotationQuotation:: Should Should contain enoughcontain enough to comment on. to comment on. §§ Indent and leave a blank line before & after longer quotations. Indent and leave a blank line before & after longer quotations.

§§ Write shorter quotations as part of your sentence. Write shorter quotations as part of your sentence. §§ (The word choice of what Eddie says is significant because the f(The word choice of what Eddie says is significant because the fact that act that

he highlights he highlights –– ““your mouthyour mouth”…”…..’’

§§ Explain:Explain:§§ A) A) AnalyseAnalyse the quotation the quotation –– explain explain meaning meaning §§ (word choice, tone, theme etc.) (word choice, tone, theme etc.) §§ B) B) EvaluateEvaluate:: How How effectiveeffective is it? Give your own is it? Give your own personal personal

responseresponse..


M ini Essay Model Mini Essay Model

At the beginning of the play, Eddie appears to be loyal to his cAt the beginning of the play, Eddie appears to be loyal to his community ommunity and understands the concept of honour. and understands the concept of honour. This positive aspect of his This positive aspect of his character is shown through:character is shown through:

““It never comes out of your mouth who they are It never comes out of your mouth who they are or what theyor what they’’re re doindoin ’’ here.here.””

Consider this model Consider this model ––

The word choice of what Eddie says is significant becauseThe word choice of what Eddie says is significant becausethe fact that he highlights the fact that he highlights –– ““your mouthyour mouth”” –– does not even question that does not even question that he would he would ‘‘snitchsnitch’’. The word . The word ‘‘nevernever ’’ introduces a command to the women introduces a command to the women –– allowing Eddie to exert his control and guidance over the situaallowing Eddie to exert his control and guidance over the situation. tion.

Topic Sentence

Context

Quotation/Evidence

AnalysisEvaluation

At this stage Eddie appears to be full of integrity and well thoAt this stage Eddie appears to be full of integrity and well thought of . . ught of . .


Section 1B: Section 1B: Revelation of the Theme of Revelation of the Theme of

Loyalty to a Particular Loyalty to a Particular Code/CommunityCode/Community

Theme established early in Theme established early in the Actionthe Action



Lesson AimLesson Aim

§§ We are learning to We are learning to identifyidentify HOWHOW the theme of the theme of loyaltyloyalty to a particular to a particular code / communi tycode / communi ty is is made clear early in the action.made clear early in the action.

§§ We will beWe will be analysing analysing and and evaluatingevaluating how how Miller does this and why it is significant.Miller does this and why it is significant.


Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria§§ I will succeed today when I can decide which statements I will succeed today when I can decide which statements ––

relating to the theme relating to the theme -- are true / false and f ind evidence to are true / false and f ind evidence to support my viewsupport my view

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to analys e and evaluate I will succeed today when I am able to analys e and evaluate (with a partner) three aspects of how the theme is revealed + (with a partner) three aspects of how the theme is revealed + record our answers in a tablerecord our answers in a table

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to write TW O bullet points I will succeed today when I am able to write TW O bullet points into a mini essay or mi nd map clearly sho wing U / A / E of how into a mini essay or mi nd map clearly sho wing U / A / E of how the theme of loyalty to a code or community is introduced early the theme of loyalty to a code or community is introduced early in the actionin the action

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to peer assess my I will succeed today when I am able to peer assess my partnerpartner ’’s task and offer one relevant piece of advice. I wil l also s task and offer one relevant piece of advice. I wil l also take their advice on board and make the relevant changes to take their advice on board and make the relevant changes to my own workmy own work


The story of The story of VinnyVinny BolzanoBolzano

§§ Miller establishes the theme of loyalty to a Miller establishes the theme of loyalty to a community early in Act One when Eddie tells community early in Act One when Eddie tells Catherine the story of Catherine the story of VinneyVinney Bolzano (a boy Bolzano (a boy from the neighbourhood who informed on his from the neighbourhood who informed on his uncle uncle -- an illegal immigrant an illegal immigrant –– to the immigration to the immigration authorities). authorities). §§ He explains how he was beaten by his father He explains how he was beaten by his father

and brothers and was banished (possibly and brothers and was banished (possibly killed) for breaking the code of loyalty to the killed) for breaking the code of loyalty to the community. p.16community. p.16


At the beginning of Act 1, Miller includes details of a young boAt the beginning of Act 1, Miller includes details of a young boy, y, VinnyVinny Bolzano, who informed the authorities that an illegal Bolzano, who informed the authorities that an illegal

immigrant was living in his house:immigrant was living in his house:CathCath: : The kid snitched?The kid snitched?Eddie: Eddie: On his own uncle!On his own uncle!CathCath: : What, was he crazy?What, was he crazy?Bea: Bea: He had 5 brothers and the old father. He had 5 brothers and the old father.

And they grabbed him in the kitchen and And they grabbed him in the kitchen and pulled him down the stairs pulled him down the stairs -- 3 flights his 3 flights his head was bouncing like a coconut. And head was bouncing like a coconut. And they spit on him in the street, his own they spit on him in the street, his own father and his brothers. The whole father and his brothers. The whole neighbourhood was neighbourhood was cryincryin’’

CathCath: : Ts! So what happened to him?Ts! So what happened to him?Eddie: Eddie: ((rises during this, taking out his watchrises during this, taking out his watch))

Him? YouHim? You’’ll never see him no more, a guy ll never see him no more, a guy do a thing like that? Howdo a thing like that? How’’s he s he gonnagonna show show his face? (his face? (To To CathCath) Just remember, kid, ) Just remember, kid, you can quicker get back a million dollars you can quicker get back a million dollars that was stole than a word that you gave that was stole than a word that you gave away. (away. (He is standing now, stretching hisHe is standing now, stretching hisbackback.).)

Introduces theme

Sets TONE for inevitable

end

KEY PART of SCENE


TASK 1TASK 1-- True or False True or False ExerciseExercise

§§ In pairsIn pairs , , you are going to establish the you are going to establish the significance of this short extrac t.significance of this short extrac t.

§§ A) You are going to look at a list of statements A) You are going to look at a list of statements and decide whether they are and decide whether they are true or false.true or false.

§§ B) You are then going to write down evidence B) You are then going to write down evidence to to prove/disproveprove/disprove the statement. the statement.


EvidenceEvidence(Proving / disproving comment)(Proving / disproving comment)

FalseFalseTrueTrueCommentComment

The above exercise focuses on UNDERSTANDING the central theme of

loyalty to a particular code.The next step is to consider HOW Miller makes the audience aware of this theme –

analysis.

Eddie can imagine himself telling the Eddie can imagine himself telling the authorities about Beatriceauthorities about Beatrice’’s cousinss cousins

Beatrice Beatrice graphically describedgraphically described the the whole story of what happened to whole story of what happened to VinnyVinny BolzanoBolzanoCatherine wasnCatherine wasn’’t really bothered t really bothered about what she heardabout what she heard

Betraying the Betraying the ‘‘codecode’’ of a community of a community like this would always be forgivenlike this would always be forgiven

Eddie tries to make sure that Eddie tries to make sure that Catherine ful ly understands that you Catherine ful ly understands that you should NEVER talk to anyone about should NEVER talk to anyone about illegal immigrantsillegal immigrants

‘‘On his own uncle!On his own uncle!’’

“What, was he crazy?What, was he crazy?””““Ts! So what happened to himTs! So what happened to him??””

‘‘YouYou’’ll never see him no more, a guy do a ll never see him no more, a guy do a thing like that? Howthing like that? How’’s he s he gonnagonna show his show his face?face?’’

Just rememberJust remember, kid, you can quicker get, kid, you can quicker getback back a million dollars that was stolea million dollars that was stole than a than a word you gave away (16)word you gave away (16)

Bea: He had 5 brothers and the old Bea: He had 5 brothers and the old father. And they grabbed him in the father. And they grabbed him in the kitchen and pulled him down the stairskitchen and pulled him down the stairs


Task 2Task 2§§ You will now complete the following table using the You will now complete the following table using the

comments and evidence you looked at in comments and evidence you looked at in task 1task 1 to to explore explore theme theme -- loyaltyloyalty

§§ You will show how You will show how ANALYSISANALYSIS and and EVALUATION EVALUATION ensures a more developed comment on ensures a more developed comment on THEME (I will THEME (I will model the first example)model the first example)

§§ In pairs, now In pairs, now ANALYSEANALYSE and and EVALUATEEVALUATE the other the other comments made comments made –– you can use this template if you you can use this template if you wish. wish. §§ Remember to include the evidence you have already Remember to include the evidence you have already

selected in the previous activityselected in the previous activity


Comment on how this helpsComment on how this helpsto establish the theme ofto establish the theme of

Loyalty to a particular codeLoyalty to a particular code(Evaluation)(Evaluation)

HOW the writer revealsHOW the writer revealsthe theme the theme (Analysis)(Analysis)

Evidence Evidence CommentComment(Understanding)(Understanding)

Catherine was Catherine was upset about upset about what she heardwhat she heard

Eddie cannot Eddie cannot imagine imagine himself ever himself ever telling the telling the authorities authorities about Beaabout Bea’’s s cousinscousins

•• What What CathCath says: says: asks questionsasks questions –– an an inquisitive thing to do which reveals inquisitive thing to do which reveals CathCath ’’ss astonishmentastonishment•• wants to wants to find out the consequences find out the consequences ––moving on the next stage of the storymoving on the next stage of the story•• Word choiceWord choice: : ‘‘crazycrazy’’,, CathCath thinks thinks VinnyVinny’’ss actions were perhaps driven by actions were perhaps driven by madness as otherwise he could not madness as otherwise he could not possibly have possibly have ‘‘snitchedsnitched’’•• The The nonnon--wordword –– ‘‘Ts!Ts!’’ –– expresses expresses CathCath ’’ss disgust at what the boy has done. disgust at what the boy has done. •• CathCath uses an almost uses an almost derogatory tonederogatory tonewhen referring to when referring to VinnyVinny Bolzano. She Bolzano. She cannot condone the course of action he cannot condone the course of action he tooktook

•• It is clearIt is clear –– through what through what CathCathsays and the way she says it says and the way she says it --that she cannot comprehend why that she cannot comprehend why VinnyVinny Bolzano did what he didBolzano did what he did•• Her reactionHer reaction –– calling calling himhim ’’crazycrazy’’ –– shows that clearly in shows that clearly in this kind of community the LAST this kind of community the LAST thing anyone should do is go to thing anyone should do is go to the authoritiesthe authorities••T he toneT he tone CathCath uses indicates uses indicates that anyone who would that anyone who would ‘‘snitchsnitch’’would NEVER be forgiven, even would NEVER be forgiven, even for years to come for years to come –– inviting inviting prophetic irony as the inevitable prophetic irony as the inevitable ending to this drama unfoldsending to this drama unfolds

“What, was he What, was he crazy?crazy?””““Ts! So what Ts! So what happened to happened to himhim??””

‘‘On his own On his own uncle!uncle!’’


Comment on how this helpsComment on how this helpsto establish the theme ofto establish the theme of

Loyalty to a particular codeLoyalty to a particular code(Evaluation)(Evaluation)

HOW the writer revealsHOW the writer revealsthe theme the theme (Analysis)(Analysis)

Evidence Evidence CommentComment(Understanding)(Understanding)

Eddie tries to Eddie tries to make make CathCathunderstand understand that you that you should should NEVER talk to NEVER talk to anyone about anyone about illegal illegal immigrantsimmigrants

Betraying the Betraying the ‘‘codecode’’ of a of a community community like this would like this would NEVER be NEVER be forgivenforgiven

Just rememberJust remember, , kid, you can kid, you can quicker getquicker getback back a million a million dollars that dollars that was stolewas stole than than a word you a word you gave away (16)gave away (16)

‘‘YouYou’’ll never see ll never see him no more, a him no more, a guy do a thing guy do a thing like that? Howlike that? How’’s s he he gonnagonna show show his face?his face?’’



information you have on information you have on HOWHOW Arthur Miller Arthur Miller introduces introduces theme of loyalty.theme of loyalty.

§§ You can write a mini essa yYou can write a mini essa y detailing all the detailing all the relevant points you wish to make regarding relevant points you wish to make regarding theme, showing how you would bring the theme, showing how you would bring the evidence and comments you have collated evidence and comments you have collated already into a critical response on this play.already into a critical response on this play.


Mini Essay TaskMini Essay Task§§ The mini essay should cover the key aspects of this The mini essay should cover the key aspects of this

scene: scene: The introduction of ThemeThe introduction of Theme§§ SSelect two (or more) points you have made and elect two (or more) points you have made and

write write two paragraphs.two paragraphs.§§ The evidence to show how the theme of loyalty to a The evidence to show how the theme of loyalty to a

code or community is revealed to the reader code or community is revealed to the reader (Understanding)(Understanding)§§ Comment on HOW Miller highlights aspects of this Comment on HOW Miller highlights aspects of this

theme to the audience theme to the audience through characterthrough character(Analysis)(Analysis)§§ Comment on how this helps establish the theme Comment on how this helps establish the theme

(Evaluation)(Evaluation)



§§ Point/Topic sentencePoint/Topic sentence: Must be relevant to the task and make a clear : Must be relevant to the task and make a clear point about the text (The introduction of theme at the beginningpoint about the text (The introduction of theme at the beginning of the of the play play –– VinneyVinney Bolzano anecdote)Bolzano anecdote)

§§ ContextContext:: IntroduceIntroduce the quotation. Which aspect of theme are you the quotation. Which aspect of theme are you exploring and through which characterexploring and through which character

§§ QuotationQuotation:: Should contain enough to comment on. Should contain enough to comment on. §§ Indent and leave aIndent and leave a blank lineblank line before & after longer quotations. before & after longer quotations.

§§ Write shorter quotations as part of your sentence. (By using theWrite shorter quotations as part of your sentence. (By using the word word ‘‘CrazyCrazy’’, Catherine is suggesting, Catherine is suggesting……))


responseresponse..


SECTION 2SECTION 2

§§ Of Eddie CarboneOf Eddie Carbone’’s s CharacterCharacter

§§ Of theOf the Theme Theme of Loyalty to a particular of Loyalty to a particular code of honour / communi tycode of honour / communi ty


Section 2A Section 2A DEVELOPMENT IN EDDIEDEVELOPMENT IN EDDIE ’’S S

CHARACTERCHARACTER

Development of more negative Development of more negative aspects of his personality.aspects of his personality.

End of Act 1End of Act 1

CONTENTSCONTENTS



§§ We are learning toWe are learning to analyseanalyse and and evaluateevaluateHOWHOW more more negative aspectsnegative aspects of Eddie of Eddie CarboneCarbone ’’s character s character emerge towards the end emerge towards the end of Act Oneof Act One


Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria§§ I will succeed today when I am able to select appropriate I will succeed today when I am able to select appropriate

words/phrases to describe how Eddiewords/phrases to describe how Eddie ’’s character is developing s character is developing and select evidence to support my vie wsand select evidence to support my vie ws

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to contribute to analysis I will succeed today when I am able to contribute to analysis and evaluation of 3 particular aspects of Eddieand evaluation of 3 particular aspects of Eddie ’’s character with s character with a partner + record our answersa partner + record our answers

§§§§ I will succeed today when I am able to write TW O bullet points I will succeed today when I am able to write TW O bullet points

in a mini essay or mind map clearly showin g U / A / E in relatioin a mini essay or mind map clearly showin g U / A / E in relatio n n to how more negative aspects of Eddieto how more negative aspects of Eddie ’’s character are s character are emergingemerging

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to EVALUATE how I f eel I will succeed today when I am able to EVALUATE how I f eel about Eddie NOW at the end of Act one compared to how I f elt about Eddie NOW at the end of Act one compared to how I f elt about him at the beginning of the playabout him at the beginning of the play


Development of EddieDevelopment of Eddie ’’s s charactercharacter

§§ Throughout this key episode Throughout this key episode negativenegativeaspects of Eddi easpects of Eddi e’’s character de velop s character de velop considerably.considerably.

§§ This is show n through what Eddie This is show n through what Eddie sayssays and his and his actionsactions..


TASK 1TASK 1-- Highlighting Highlighting A djectives/Statements Adjectives/Statements

§§ In pairsIn pairs, , you are going to: you are going to:

§§ A)A) HighlightHighlight the the adjectives / statementsadjectives / statements that apply that apply to Eddieto Eddie’’s characters character

§§ B)B) You are then going to You are then going to select threeselect three of the of the adjectives/statementsadjectives/statements that you have underlined and that you have underlined and find evidencefind evidence from the play to support the claims you from the play to support the claims you have made. have made. §§ It would be preferable if you could use It would be preferable if you could use negativenegative

examples examples


Contemplative Aggressive

Unpleasant

Controll ing

Rude Tormented/Sel f DeludedTolerant Violent

Determined Loyal Over powering

Family orientated

Impulsive



Task 2Task 2

§§ Now, still in pairs, Now, still in pairs, select 3select 3 of the of the adjectives/statements that you have adjectives/statements that you have underlined and underlined and find evidencefind evidence from the from the play to support the claims you have play to support the claims you have made.made.


EvidenceQuality / Characteristic


Task 3Task 3§§ You will now complete the followin g table using the comments You will now complete the followin g table using the comments

and evidence you looked at in and evidence you looked at in task 1 and 2task 1 and 2 to explore the to explore the development of Eddiedevelopment of Eddie ’’s character.s character.

§§ You will show You will show howhow,,§§ ANALYSIS ANALYSIS (techniques + comment) (techniques + comment) §§ and and §§ EVALUATION EVALUATION (what do you think this means for Eddie? Etc) (what do you think this means for Eddie? Etc)

ensures a more developed comment on ensures a more developed comment on CHARACTERCHARACTER

§§ (I will model the fi rst example)(I will model the fi rst example)

§§ In pairs, now In pairs, now ANALYSEANALYSE and and EVALUATEEVALUATE the other comments the other comments made made –– you can use this template i f you wishyou can use this template i f you wish

. . §§ Remember to include the evidence you have already selected Remember to include the evidence you have already selected

in the previous activityin the previous activity


(Analysis) HOW Miller shows development in Eddie (techniques + (Analysis) HOW Miller shows development in Eddie (techniques + comment) comment)

(Evaluation) evaluate this development (what do you think this (Evaluation) evaluate this development (what do you think this means for Eddie? Etc).means for Eddie? Etc).

Evidence Evidence Comment + Evidence Comment + Evidence (Understanding)(Understanding)

EddieEddieIsIs

Aggressive /Aggressive /HostileHostile

[[he has been he has been unconsciously unconsciously twisting the twisting the newspaper intonewspaper intoa tight roll. . .}a tight roll. . .}[He has bent the [He has bent the rolled paper and it rolled paper and it suddenly tears in two. suddenly tears in two. He suddenly gets up He suddenly gets up and pulls his pants and pulls his pants over his belly] over his belly] Page Page 4949

Stage directions reveal what Eddie doesStage directions reveal what Eddie does•• ““unconsciouslyunconsciously”” indicates that Eddie is unaware that he is indicates that Eddie is unaware that he is behaving in a threatening way behaving in a threatening way –– perhaps indicating his state of perhaps indicating his state of mind + showing how unpredictable his actions might bemind + showing how unpredictable his actions might be•• ““twisting twisting the newspaper into athe newspaper into a tight tight rollroll””•• the words the words ““twistingtwisting”” + + ““tighttight”” have violent connotations and have violent connotations and clearly show the tension that has built within Eddieclearly show the tension that has built within Eddie•• repetition of repetition of ““suddenlysuddenly”” again illustrates to the audience the again illustrates to the audience the unpredictable nature of Eddieunpredictable nature of Eddie’’s actions + creates hostility as the s actions + creates hostility as the other characters do not know what to expect nextother characters do not know what to expect next•• the fact that the paper the fact that the paper ““tears in twotears in two”” shows the physical shows the physical strength that Eddie has + how intimidating this must bestrength that Eddie has + how intimidating this must be•• following action following action –– pulling his pulling his ““pants over his bellypants over his belly”” –– is an is an attempt by Eddie to show his masculinity + almost acts a attempt by Eddie to show his masculinity + almost acts a warning to warning to RodolphoRodolpho that he is not to be challenged because he that he is not to be challenged because he is the is the ‘‘strongerstronger’’ of the two charactersof the two characters


(Analysis) HOW Miller shows development in Eddie (techniques + (Analysis) HOW Miller shows development in Eddie (techniques + comment) comment)

(Evaluation) evaluate this development (what do you think this (Evaluation) evaluate this development (what do you think this means for Eddie? Etc).means for Eddie? Etc).

Evidence Evidence Comment + Evidence Comment + Evidence (Understanding)(Understanding)


§§ In what In what way(sway(s) has your attitude to ) has your attitude to Eddie Carbone changed from the Eddie Carbone changed from the

beginning of Act One to the end of Act beginning of Act One to the end of Act One?One?



information you have on information you have on HOWHOW Arthur Miller Arthur Miller shows the more negative aspects of Eddieshows the more negative aspects of Eddie ’’s s character.character.

§§ You can writeYou can write a mini essay or a mind mapa mini essay or a mind mapdetailing detailing TWOTWO out of the three more out of the three more negative aspectsnegative aspects of Eddieof Eddie ’’s character, s character, clearly showing Understanding, Analysis clearly showing Understanding, Analysis and Evaluation of each point.and Evaluation of each point.



§§ Point/Topic sentencePoint/Topic sentence: Must be relevant to the task and make a clear : Must be relevant to the task and make a clear point about the text (That negative aspects of Eddiepoint about the text (That negative aspects of Eddie’’s character develop s character develop considerably in this key episode)considerably in this key episode)

§§ ContextContext:: IntroduceIntroduce the quotation. Which aspect of Eddiethe quotation. Which aspect of Eddie’’s character s character are you exploringare you exploring


§§ Write shorter quotations as part of your sentence. (The word Write shorter quotations as part of your sentence. (The word ‘‘unconsciouslyunconsciously’’ used to describe Eddieused to describe Eddie’’s actions in the stage direction s actions in the stage direction suggestssuggests……))


responseresponse..


Mini Essay ModelMini Essay Model

As the play continues, more negative aspects of EddieAs the play continues, more negative aspects of Eddie ’’s character s character appear as he responds to his grow ing dislike of Rodolfo.appear as he responds to his grow ing dislike of Rodolfo. The The stage direction in Act One show s that Eddie is becoming stage direction in Act One show s that Eddie is becoming particularly hostile towards the young Italian:particularly hostile towards the young Italian:

[he has been unconsciously twisting the newspaper [he has been unconsciously twisting the newspaper into a tight roll. . .}into a tight roll. . .}[He has bent the rolled paper and it suddenly tears [He has bent the rolled paper and it suddenly tears in two. He suddenly gets up and pulls his pants over in two. He suddenly gets up and pulls his pants over his belly]his belly]


The word The word ‘‘unconsciouslyunconsciously ’’ conveysconveys………… Moreover the w ords Moreover the w ords ‘‘twistingtwisting ’’ and and ‘‘tighttight ’’ have violent connotations andhave violent connotations and ……

Topic Sentence

Context

Quotation/Evidence

AnalysisEvaluation

EddieEddie ’’s actions towards the end of Act One change the readers actions towards the end of Act One change the reader ’’s s attitudes towards himattitudes towards him……..


Section 2B Section 2B Development of the Theme Development of the Theme of Loyalty to a Particular of Loyalty to a Particular

Code / CommunityCode / Community

Theme developed throughout Theme developed throughout the actionthe action

End of Act 1End of Act 1CONTENTSCONTENTS



§§ We are learning to We are learning to identify identify HOWHOW the theme of the theme of Loyalty to a particular Loyalty to a particular code / communi tycode / communi ty is is developed towards the end of Act 1developed towards the end of Act 1

§§ We will beWe will be analysinganalysing and and evaluatingevaluating how Miller how Miller does this and why it is significant.does this and why it is significant.


Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria§§ I will succeed today when I am able to analyse and I will succeed today when I am able to analyse and

evaluate (with a partner) two aspects of how the evaluate (with a partner) two aspects of how the theme is revealed + record our answers in a tabletheme is revealed + record our answers in a table

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to write TWO I will succeed today when I am able to write TWO bullet points into a mini essay or mind map clearly bullet points into a mini essay or mind map clearly showing U / A / E of how the theme of loyalty to a showing U / A / E of how the theme of loyalty to a code or community is developed towards the end of code or community is developed towards the end of Act OneAct One

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to peer assess my I will succeed today when I am able to peer assess my partnerpartner’’s task and offer one relevant piece of advice. I s task and offer one relevant piece of advice. I will also take their advice on board and make the will also take their advice on board and make the relevant changes to my own workrelevant changes to my own work


A View from the A View from the BridgeBridge

Key scene Key scene –– End of Act OneEnd of Act One

Focus on theme: Loyalty to a particular Focus on theme: Loyalty to a particular communitycommunity


Developing the ThemeDeveloping the Theme

§§ Loyalty to a particular communityLoyalty to a particular community (or code (or code of honour) can sometimes outweigh the actual of honour) can sometimes outweigh the actual law of the Countrylaw of the Country§§ This is sometimes referred to as This is sometimes referred to as ENDEMIC ENDEMIC

HONOURHONOUR§§ In this play, this theme is apparent throughout In this play, this theme is apparent throughout

the Italian immigrant community (in New York, the Italian immigrant community (in New York, USA) that Eddie Carbone + his family are part USA) that Eddie Carbone + his family are part ofof§§ This kind of loyalty is so important that if This kind of loyalty is so important that if

questioned it can be damaging for all parties questioned it can be damaging for all parties involvedinvolved


Theme established early Theme established early in the actionin the action

§§ Eddie encourages Beatrice to tell Eddie encourages Beatrice to tell Catherine the story of Catherine the story of VinnyVinny Bolzano Bolzano (pgs 23/24):(pgs 23/24):§§ A boy who A boy who ‘‘snitchedsnitched ’’ on his family for on his family for

bringing illegal immigrants into the countrybringing illegal immigrants into the country§§ He was never seen againHe was never seen again

§§ The illegal arrival of Marco + The illegal arrival of Marco + RodolphoRodolpho(26(26--33) is welcomed at first, although 33) is welcomed at first, although EddieEddie is keen to is keen to detach himselfdetach himself from any from any kind of kind of ‘‘special treatmentspecial treatment ’’ for the menfor the men


Theme in progression Theme in progression (development)(development)

Growing relationship between Growing relationship between RodolphoRodolpho + + CatherineCatherine

Eddie reacts badly Eddie reacts badly To thisTo this

Eddie cannot object to Eddie cannot object to RodolphoRodolpho ’’ss presence in any way other presence in any way other than the fact that he is in the country illegally: for Eddie to than the fact that he is in the country illegally: for Eddie to

do this it would be do this it would be ‘‘unthinkableunthinkable’’..

However, Eddie does visit Alfieri (lawyer) and questions However, Eddie does visit Alfieri (lawyer) and questions RodolphoRodolpho’’ss manhood (45 manhood (45 –– 50).50).


Focus on end of Act 1Focus on end of Act 1

§§ Scene clearly shows EddieScene clearly shows Eddie ’’s growing s growing obsession with the relationship between obsession with the relationship between Catherine + Catherine + RodolphoRodolpho§§ At various points in this scene, Eddie tries to At various points in this scene, Eddie tries to

remind both men of the reasons WHY they remind both men of the reasons WHY they came to Americacame to America§§ This is This is OMINOUSOMINOUS and indeed, instrumental in and indeed, instrumental in

evoking a reaction that makes the tragic ending evoking a reaction that makes the tragic ending of this play inevitableof this play inevitable


Paired TaskPaired Task

In pairs, develop analysis and evaluation In pairs, develop analysis and evaluation Of HOW Arthur Miller develops the theme Of HOW Arthur Miller develops the theme

of of Loyalty to a particular community / codeLoyalty to a particular community / codeThroughout this sceneThroughout this scene


Comment on how well thisComment on how well thisdevelops the theme develops the theme

(E)(E)

Comment on HOW theComment on HOW thetheme is revealed (A)theme is revealed (A)techniques / effecttechniques / effect

Evidence Evidence (U)(U)

Topic Sentence Topic Sentence (U)(U)

Miller Miller develops the develops the theme (of theme (of Loyalty to a Loyalty to a community), community), towards the towards the end of Act end of Act One, as the One, as the issue of why issue of why the men are the men are in America is in America is raisedraised

Context of Context of quote:quote:

When Beatrice When Beatrice tries to make tries to make

sure that Marco sure that Marco does not send all does not send all his money home, his money home, Marco is quick to Marco is quick to defend his wifedefend his wife

Marco: Oh, no, Marco: Oh, no, she saves. I she saves. I

send send everything. My everything. My

wife is very wife is very lonesome. [lonesome. [He He smiles shylysmiles shyly]]

(52)(52)

What Marco says:What Marco says:•• ““Oh, no, she saves. I send Oh, no, she saves. I send everything.everything.””

•• The The tonetone of Marcoof Marco’’s s words is significant. He is words is significant. He is positive and affirms the fact positive and affirms the fact that his wife would not that his wife would not betray him in any way.betray him in any way.

Stage Directions/ what Stage Directions/ what Marco does:Marco does:•• [[He smiles shylyHe smiles shyly]]

•• MarcoMarco’’s actions indicate s actions indicate his feelings towards his wife, his feelings towards his wife, reinforcing the obvious trust reinforcing the obvious trust he has in her.he has in her.

““ShylyShyly”” indicates a softer indicates a softer side to his nature, showing side to his nature, showing how much he loves and how much he loves and misses his wife.misses his wife.

•• Marco feels that he can speak Marco feels that he can speak freely in the house freely in the house –– no secretsno secrets

•• He clearly misses his wife and He clearly misses his wife and children and trusts her implicitly children and trusts her implicitly with any money that he sends with any money that he sends homehome

•• Marco is aware of why he is in Marco is aware of why he is in America America –– to earn money for his to earn money for his familyfamily

•• There are clearly no ulterior There are clearly no ulterior motives to Marcomotives to Marco’’s presence in s presence in America America –– he is honest about he is honest about why he is in the countrywhy he is in the country

•• Marco is incredibly loyal to his Marco is incredibly loyal to his wifewife

•• There are NO indications at There are NO indications at this stage that the situation may this stage that the situation may change change –– all parties will remain all parties will remain loyal to the loyal to the ‘‘codecode’’



(E)(E)




Context of quote:Context of quote:

Eddie encourages Eddie encourages RodolphoRodolpho to to see less of Catherine but also see less of Catherine but also introduces the fact that he may introduces the fact that he may be seenbe seen

‘‘Look, kid, ILook, kid, I’’m not talking m not talking about her. The more you run about her. The more you run around like that the more around like that the more chance youchance you’’re re takintakin’’. [. [To To BeaBea] I mean suppose he gets ] I mean suppose he gets hit by a car or something. [hit by a car or something. [To To MarcoMarco] Where] Where’’s his papers, s his papers, who is he? Know what I who is he? Know what I mean?mean?’’ (53)(53)Context of quote:Context of quote:

Eddie channels the conversation Eddie channels the conversation to question to question RodolphoRodolpho ’’ss reasons reasons for coming to America for coming to America

Eddie [Eddie [holding back a voice holding back a voice full of full of angeranger]:]:’’IfIf hehe’’s here to s here to work, then he should work; if work, then he should work; if hehe’’s here to have a good time s here to have a good time then he could fool aroundthen he could fool around’’(54)(54)



(E)(E)





Eddie now speaks to Marco Eddie now speaks to Marco only AND refuses to let the only AND refuses to let the issue, of why the men are in issue, of why the men are in America, drop America, drop

Eddie: I mean, thatEddie: I mean, that’’s what I s what I understood in the first understood in the first place, see. place, see. Marco: Yes. ThatMarco: Yes. That’’s why we s why we came.came.Eddie: Well thatEddie: Well that’’s all Is all I’’m m askinaskin’”’”(54)(54)


[[hehe (Marco) (Marco) transforms transforms what might appear like a what might appear like a glare of warning into a glare of warning into a smile of triumph, and smile of triumph, and EddieEddie’’s grin vanishess grin vanishes]](58)(58)



information you have on information you have on HOWHOW Arthur Miller Arthur Miller shows the shows the development of themedevelopment of theme through through EddieEddie ’’s conflict with Rodolfos conflict with Rodolfo§§

§§ You can writeYou can write a mini essay or a mind mapa mini essay or a mind mapdetailing detailing TWOTWO out of the four more out of the four more examples of how theme is developed later in examples of how theme is developed later in the action, clear ly showing Understanding, the action, clear ly showing Understanding, Analysis and Evaluation of eac h point.Analysis and Evaluation of eac h point.



§§ Point/Topic sentencePoint/Topic sentence: Must be relevant to the task and make a clear : Must be relevant to the task and make a clear point about the text (Miller develops the theme of Loyalty to a point about the text (Miller develops the theme of Loyalty to a community, towards the end of Act Onecommunity, towards the end of Act One…….).)

§§ ContextContext:: IntroduceIntroduce the quotation. Which aspect of theme are you the quotation. Which aspect of theme are you exploringexploring


§§ Write shorter quotations as part of your sentence. Write shorter quotations as part of your sentence.


responseresponse..


He clearly misses his wife and children and trusts her implicitlHe clearly misses his wife and children and trusts her implicitly with y with any money that he sends home. Marco feels that he can speak freeany money that he sends home. Marco feels that he can speak freely ly in the house, there are no secrets. There are NO indications at in the house, there are no secrets. There are NO indications at this this stage that the situation may change. In the meantime all partiestage that the situation may change. In the meantime all parties will s will remain loyal to the remain loyal to the ‘‘codecode ’’


Later in Act One Miller develops the theme (of Loyalty to a Later in Act One Miller develops the theme (of Loyalty to a community), as the issue of w hy the men are in America is raisedcommunity), as the issue of w hy the men are in America is raisedWhen Beatrice tries to make sure that Marco does not send all When Beatrice tries to make sure that Marco does not send all his money home, Marco is quick to defend his w ife:his money home, Marco is quick to defend his w ife:

Marco: Oh, no, she saves. I send everything. My Marco: Oh, no, she saves. I send everything. My wife is very lonesome.wife is very lonesome. [He smiles shyly][He smiles shyly](52)(52)


The tone of MarcoThe tone of Marco ’’s words is significant. He i s positive and s words is significant. He i s positive and affirms the fact that his w ife would not betray him in any w ay.affirms the fact that his w ife would not betray him in any w ay.

Topic Sentence

Context

Quotation/EvidenceAnalysis

Evaluation


SECTION 3SECTION 3

§§ Within Eddie CarboneWithin Eddie Carbone ’’s s CharacterCharacter

§§ Within theWithin the Theme Theme of Loyalty to a of Loyalty to a particular code of honour / communi typarticular code of honour / communi ty


Section 3A Section 3A

Negative Aspects of Eddi eNegative Aspects of Eddi e’’s s Character are leadi ng to his Character are leadi ng to his

demise / crisis within his demise / crisis within his familyfamily




§§ We are learning to We are learning to analyseanalyse and and evaluateevaluate HOWHOWnegative aspectsnegative aspects of Eddie Carboneof Eddie Carbone ’’s s

character are character are affecting his role within his affecting his role within his familyfamily at the beginning of Act 2at the beginning of Act 2


Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria§§ I will succeed today when I am able to match an appropriate I will succeed today when I am able to match an appropriate

comment to a given pi ece of evidence to show ho w Eddiecomment to a given pi ece of evidence to show ho w Eddie ’’s s character is in crisis and is affecting his role within the famicharacter is in crisis and is affecting his role within the fami lyly

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to contribute to analysis I will succeed today when I am able to contribute to analysis and evaluation of 4 particular aspects of Eddieand evaluation of 4 particular aspects of Eddie ’’s character s character within a group + assist in taking noteswithin a group + assist in taking notes

§§ I will succeed today when I assist in collating my groupI will succeed today when I assist in collating my group ’’s s responses in a suitabl e way (table) and then evaluate another responses in a suitabl e way (table) and then evaluate another groupgroup ’’s responses through think, pair and shares responses through think, pair and share

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to write TW O bullet points I will succeed today when I am able to write TW O bullet points in a mini essay or mind map clearly showin g U / A / E in relatioin a mini essay or mind map clearly showin g U / A / E in relatio n n to how negative aspects of Eddieto how negative aspects of Eddie ’’s character are leading to his s character are leading to his demise + affecting his role within the f amilydemise + affecting his role within the f amily


Character In CrisisCharacter In Crisis§§ Throughout this key episode at the Throughout this key episode at the beginning of Act 2beginning of Act 2, ,

Eddie CarboneEddie Carbone ’’s character s character emerges as a troubled, emerges as a troubled, desperate individualdesperate individual who who will do anything to end the will do anything to end the growing relationshipgrowing relationship between between Catherine and Rodolfo.Catherine and Rodolfo.

§§ Eddie arrives mid way through this scene: Eddie arrives mid way through this scene: home early home early fromfrom work drunk. He sees Catherine and Rodolfo work drunk. He sees Catherine and Rodolfo leaving the bedroom and erupts with rage. leaving the bedroom and erupts with rage.

§§ The crisis in EddieThe crisis in Eddie ’’s character is shown clearly s character is shown clearly through what Eddie does and says.through what Eddie does and says.


TASK:TASK:

§§ As a As a class / groupclass / group , you are going to , you are going to discuss discuss EddieEddie ’’s characters character and what and what hishis actionsactions and and what what he sayshe says reveals about him.reveals about him.

§§ Then, Then, in pairsin pairs , you will focus on , you will focus on ANALYSING + ANALYSING + EVALUATINGEVALUATING the the way(sway(s) Miller shows the ) Miller shows the crisiscrisis in Eddiein Eddie’’s character and how he i s s character and how he i s becoming becoming recklessreckless and and unpredictableunpredictable


Task 1 InstructionsTask 1 Instructions

§§ Your teacher w ill either issue an appropri ate sheet Your teacher w ill either issue an appropri ate sheet OR use the interactive white board / power point to OR use the interactive white board / power point to begin this activity.begin this activity.

§§ You are going to use You are going to use MULTIPLE CHOICEMULTIPLE CHOICE to to establish an effective comment about the w ay establish an effective comment about the w ay EddieEddie’’s character is portrayed at this stage in the s character is portrayed at this stage in the drama.drama.

§§ You may feel that more than one opti on could You may feel that more than one opti on could apply apply BUTBUT think very carefully about the way think very carefully about the way statements are phrased and thei r implications.statements are phrased and thei r implications.


Match the evidence to the most Match the evidence to the most appropriate comment appropriate comment -- charactercharacter

1 2 3 45 6 7 8


1. [Eddie 1. [Eddie sees him + his arm jerks sees him + his arm jerks slightly in shock slightly in shock ] (57)] (57)

§§ Eddie has hurt his arm because he Eddie has hurt his arm because he walked into the doorwalked into the door

§§ EddieEddie’’s actions show that he obj ects to s actions show that he obj ects to CatherineCatherine’’s relationship with Rodolfos relationship with Rodolfo

§§ Eddie cannot believe that Catheri ne is Eddie cannot believe that Catheri ne is interested in Rodolfointerested in Rodolfo


Developed CommentDeveloped Comment

Back to the Picture Board

Eddie’s actions show that he objects to Catherine’s relationship with Rodolfo

It is clear to Eddie that something has happened in the bedroom and he is angry yet caught unawares. This indeed is the catalyst for the disastrous events which follow.


2. 2. ““Pack it up. Go ahead. Ge t your Pack it up. Go ahead. Ge t your stuff + get stuff + get outaouta herehere”” (57)(57)

§ Eddie acts irrationally by not allowing Catherine or Rodolfo a chance to expl ain

§ Eddie gives Rodolfo no option but to leave

§ Eddie’s jealousy forces him to order Rodolfo to leave




Eddie’s jealousy forces him to order Rodolfo to leaveEddie cannot cope with the fact that Rodolfo is close

to Catherine in a way that he cannot be. He thinks that by forcing Rodolfo out of the situation,

Catherine might see ‘sense’. It is also another way of Eddie trying to be in control.


3. [ Eddie 3. [ Eddie grabs her armgrabs her arm ] (57)] (57)

§§ EddieEddie’’s actions are forceful towards s actions are forceful towards CatherineCatherine

§§ Eddie is clearly fulfilling his role as Eddie is clearly fulfilling his role as ‘‘carercarer ’’to Catherineto Catherine

§§ Eddie tries to exert his authority over Eddie tries to exert his authority over CatherineCatherine




Eddie tries to exert his authority over CatherineMuch of this play has been about Eddie’s inability to accept his own situation and now it is obvious that he is grasping at anything (literally + metaphorically) to try to hold on to Catherine. The fact that he uses force shows Eddie’s desperation.


4. 4. ““You You ainain’’tt goingoin ’’ nowheresnowheres , , hehe’’s the one.s the one.”” (57)(57)

§§ Eddie cannot cope wi th the fact that Eddie cannot cope wi th the fact that Catherine wants to go with RodolfoCatherine wants to go with Rodolfo

§§ Eddie orders Catherine not to goEddie orders Catherine not to go

§§ Eddie is desperate as he is aware that he Eddie is desperate as he is aware that he could lose Catherine completelycould lose Catherine completely




Eddie is desperate as he is aware that he could lose Catherine completely

Eddie thinks by addressing only Catherine that he can still have some kind of control over her. He perhaps realises that time is running out and desperately tries to control Catherine’s thinking.


5. 5. [[reaches out suddenly, draws her reaches out suddenly, draws her to him, and as she strives to free to him, and as she strives to free

herself he kisses her on the mouthherself he kisses her on the mouth] ] (58)(58)

§§ Eddie tries to show Catherine how much Eddie tries to show Catherine how much he loves herhe loves her

§§ EddieEddie’’s completely inappropriate actions s completely inappropriate actions towards Catherine reveal his desperate towards Catherine reveal his desperate feelings for herfeelings for her

§§ EddieEddie’’s kisses Catherine against her wills kisses Catherine against her will




Eddie’s completely inappropriate actions towards Catherine reveal his desperate feelings for her

Eddie cannot control his feelings any longer and in desperation kisses his ‘niece’. It is obvious to the audience that this is not a natural way to behave. The whole frustration that Eddie feels is there for everyone to see. Eddie’s crisis is at a crucial point – there is no easy solution to his problem now.


6. Eddie kisses Rodolfo [6. Eddie kisses Rodolfo [Eddie Eddie stands there with tears rolling down stands there with tears rolling down his face as he laughs mockingly at his face as he laughs mockingly at

Rodolfo Rodolfo ] (58)] (58)§ Eddie is aware that he has gone too far

by kissing Rodolpho

§ Eddie thinks that he has shown Rodol fo as a “weird”

§ Eddie is somewhat deluded and bel ieves that he is in control of the situation




Eddie is somewhat deluded and believes that he is in control of the situation

The depth of Eddie’s anger and frustration has been revealed to the audience. He thinks that he has shown to Catherine that Rodolfo is ‘weird’ and so he is controlling her destiny. Eddie’s actions again show a character that is in crisis and is reckless to the point that anything is possible. At this point Eddie seems completely unaware of the real consequences of his actions.


7. [7. [He sits still panting for breath, + He sits still panting for breath, + they watch him helplessly as he they watch him helplessly as he

leans towards them over the tableleans towards them over the table] ] (59)(59)

§ Eddie is shown as an old man trying to grasp the truth

§ Eddie’s behaviour is so unpredictable that he is out of control

§ Eddie feels that he has emerged triumphantly, in control




Eddie’s behaviour is so unpredictable that he is out of control

The fact that Catherine and Rodolfo ‘watch’ Eddie is significant. Eddie is trying to remain the dominant male – through his actions – but his behaviour continues to be reckless. Indeed, anything could now be possible.


8. 8. ““DonDon’’t make me do t make me do nuttinnuttin’’, , Catherine. Watch your step Catherine. Watch your step

submarine.submarine.”” (59)(59)

§ Eddie tries to shift responsibility for this whole situation away from himself

§ Eddie wants everything to be resolved

§ Eddie is indicating that he coul d inform the authori ties of Rodolfo’s illegal entry to the country




Eddie tries to shift responsibility for this whole situation away from himself

Eddie is trying to show the couple that he is still in control. He is reminding Catherine where her real loyalties should lie and making it clear that if forced, he would act. This is important as the crisis within his character deepens.


Task 2 InstructionsTask 2 Instructions

§§ Now you are going to Now you are going to analyseanalyse some of some of the comments and the the comments and the evidenceevidence from from

part 1 of this task in the table you have part 1 of this task in the table you have been given.been given.


Comment on HOW Miller reveals Eddie’s crisis in character (A) + how this helps to show his character in crisis (E)

Evidence (U)Comment about Eddie’s character (U)

[Eddie [Eddie sees him + his sees him + his arm jerks slightly in arm jerks slightly in shock shock ] (57)] (57)

““Pack it up. Go Pack it up. Go ahead. Get your stuff ahead. Get your stuff + get + get outaouta herehere”” (57)(57)

[ Eddie [ Eddie grabs her armgrabs her arm ] ] (57)(57)

““You You ainain’’tt goingoin’’nowheresnowheres, he, he’’s the s the one.one.”” (57)(57)

[[reaches out suddenly, reaches out suddenly, draws her to him, and draws her to him, and as she strives to free as she strives to free herself he kisses her herself he kisses her on the mouthon the mouth] (58)] (58)

EddieEddie’’s actions show s actions show that he objects to that he objects to CatherineCatherine’’s relationship s relationship with Rodolfowith Rodolfo

It is clear to Eddie that something has happened in the bedroom It is clear to Eddie that something has happened in the bedroom and he is and he is angry yet caught unawares. This indeed is the catalyst for the dangry yet caught unawares. This indeed is the catalyst for the disastrous isastrous events which follow.events which follow.

EddieEddie’’s jealousy forces s jealousy forces him to order Rodolfo to him to order Rodolfo to leaveleave

Eddie cannot cope with the fact that Rodol fo is close to Eddie cannot cope with the fact that Rodol fo is close to Catherine in a way that he cannot be. He thinks that by forcing Catherine in a way that he cannot be. He thinks that by forcing Rodolfo out of the situation, Catherine might see Rodolfo out of the situation, Catherine might see ‘‘sensesense ’’. It is . It is also another way of Eddie tr ying to be in control.also another way of Eddie tr ying to be in control.

Much of this play has been about EddieMuch of this play has been about Eddie’’s inability to accept his s inability to accept his own situation and now it is obvious that he is grasping at own situation and now it is obvious that he is grasping at anything (li terally + metaphorically) to try to hold on to Catheanything (li terally + metaphorically) to try to hold on to Cathe rine. rine. The fact that he uses force shows EddieThe fact that he uses force shows Eddie’’s desperation.s desperation.

Eddie tries to exert his Eddie tries to exert his authority over Catherineauthority over Catherine

Eddie thinks by addressi ng only Catherine that he can st ill haveEddie thinks by addressi ng only Catherine that he can st ill have some kind some kind of control over her. He perhaps realises that time is running ouof control over her. He perhaps realises that time is running out and t and desperately tries to control Catherinedesperately tries to control Catherine ’’s thinking.s thinking.

Eddie is desperate as he Eddie is desperate as he is aware that he could is aware that he could lose Catherine lose Catherine completelycompletely

Eddie cannot control his feelings any longer and in desperation Eddie cannot control his feelings any longer and in desperation kisses his kisses his ‘‘nieceniece ’’. It is obvious to the audience that this is not a . It is obvious to the audience that this is not a natural way to behave. The whole frustration that Eddie feels isnatural way to behave. The whole frustration that Eddie feels isthere for everyone to see. Eddiethere for everyone to see. Eddie’’s crisis is at a crucial point s crisis is at a crucial point ––there is no easy solution to his problem now. there is no easy solution to his problem now.

EddieEddie’’s completely s completely inappropriate actions inappropriate actions towards Catherine towards Catherine reveal his desperate reveal his desperate feelings for herfeelings for her


Comment on HOW Miller reveals Eddie’s crisis in character (A) + how this helps to show his character in crisis (E)

Evidence (U)Comment about Eddie’s character (U)

Eddie kisses Eddie kisses Rodolfo [Rodolfo [Eddie Eddie stands there with stands there with tears rolling down tears rolling down his face as he his face as he laughs mockingly laughs mockingly at Rodolfo at Rodolfo ] (58)] (58)

[[He sits still panting He sits still panting for breath, + they for breath, + they watch him helplessly watch him helplessly as he leans towards as he leans towards them over the tablethem over the table] ] (59)(59)

““DonDon’’t make me do t make me do nuttinnuttin’’, Catherine. , Catherine. Watch your step Watch your step submarine.submarine.”” (59)(59)

The depth of EddieThe depth of Eddie ’’s anger and frustration has been revealed to the s anger and frustration has been revealed to the audience. He thi nks that he has shown to Cat herine that Rodol fo audience. He thi nks that he has shown to Cat herine that Rodol fo is is ‘‘weirdweird’’and so he is controlling her destiny. Eddieand so he is controlling her destiny. Eddie ’’s actions again show a character s actions again show a character that is in crisis and is reckless to the point that anything is that is in crisis and is reckless to the point that anything is possible. At this possible. At this point Eddie seems completely unaware of the real consequences ofpoint Eddie seems completely unaware of the real consequences of his his actions.actions.

Eddie is somewhat Eddie is somewhat deluded and believes that deluded and believes that he is in control of the he is in control of the situationsituation

The fact that Catherine and Rodolfo The fact that Catherine and Rodolfo ‘‘watchwatch ’’ Eddie is significant. Eddie is Eddie is significant. Eddie is trying to remain the dominant male trying to remain the dominant male –– through his actions through his actions –– but his but his behaviour continues to be reckless. Indeed, anythi ng could now bbehaviour continues to be reckless. Indeed, anythi ng could now b e e possible. possible.

EddieEddie’’s behaviour is so s behaviour is so unpredictable that he is unpredictable that he is out of controlout of control

Eddie is trying to show the coupl e that he is still in control. Eddie is trying to show the coupl e that he is still in control. He is reminding He is reminding Catherine where her real loyalties should lie and making it cleaCatherine where her real loyalties should lie and making it clear that if r that if forced, he would act. This is important as the crisis within hisforced, he would act. This is important as the crisis within his character character deepens.deepens.

Eddie tries to shift Eddie tries to shift responsibility for this responsibility for this whole situation away whole situation away from himselffrom himself


What next????What next????

§§ Now select Now select TWO TWO of the of the pointspoints you you made about Eddie and integra te them made about Eddie and integra te them into a mini essay / mind mapinto a mini essay / mind map

§§ Remember the key areas of Remember the key areas of Understanding, AnalysisUnderstanding, Analysis andandEvaluationEvaluation



§§ Point/Topic sentencePoint/Topic sentence: Must be relevant to the task and make a clear point : Must be relevant to the task and make a clear point about the text (At the beginning of Act 2 it is evident about the text (At the beginning of Act 2 it is evident Eddie CarboneEddie Carbone’’s character is s character is in crisis and this is affecting his role within the family. Eddin crisis and this is affecting his role within the family. Eddie emerges as a troubled, ie emerges as a troubled, desperate individual who will do anything to end the growing reldesperate individual who will do anything to end the growing relationship between ationship between Catherine and Rodolfo.)Catherine and Rodolfo.)

§§ ContextContext:: IntroduceIntroduce the quotation. Which aspect of Eddiethe quotation. Which aspect of Eddie’’s character are you s character are you exploring?exploring?



§§ Explain:Explain:§§ A) A) AnalyseAnalyse the quotation the quotation –– explain explain meaning meaning §§ (word choice, tone, theme etc.) (word choice, tone, theme etc.) §§ B) B) EvaluateEvaluate:: How How effectiveeffective is it? Give your own is it? Give your own personal responsepersonal response..


This indeed is the catalyst for the disastrous events This indeed is the catalyst for the disastrous events which follow.which follow.


At the beginning of Act 2 it is evident Eddie CarboneAt the beginning of Act 2 it is evident Eddie Carbone ’’s character is in s character is in crisis and this is affecting his role within the family. Eddie crisis and this is affecting his role within the family. Eddie emerges as a emerges as a troubled, desperate individual who will do anything to end the gtroubled, desperate individual who will do anything to end the growing rowing relationship between Catherine and Rodolfo.relationship between Catherine and Rodolfo. Eddie arrives mid way Eddie arrives mid way through this scene: home early from work drunk. He sees Catherinthrough this scene: home early from work drunk. He sees Catherine e and Rodolfo leaving the bedroom and erupts with rage. Eddieand Rodolfo leaving the bedroom and erupts with rage. Eddie ’’s s actions show that he objects to Catherineactions show that he objects to Catherine’’s relationship with s relationship with Rodolfo:Rodolfo:

[Eddie sees him + his arm jerks slightly in shock [Eddie sees him + his arm jerks slightly in shock ] (57)] (57)


It is clear to Eddie that something has happened in the bedroom It is clear to Eddie that something has happened in the bedroom and he and he is angry yet caught unawares reflected in his involuntary physicis angry yet caught unawares reflected in his involuntary physical al reaction. reaction.

Topic Sentence

Context

Quotation/EvidenceAnalysis

Evaluation


Section 3B Section 3B

Crisis of the Theme of Crisis of the Theme of Loyalty to a Particular Code / Loyalty to a Particular Code /

CommunityCommunity

Theme developed further throughout the Theme developed further throughout the action + tension is heightened through crisisaction + tension is heightened through crisis

Beginning of Act 2Beginning of Act 2 CONTENTSCONTENTS



§§ We are learning to further We are learning to further analyseanalyse and and evaluateevaluate the the theme of theme of Loyalty to a particular code / communityLoyalty to a particular code / community (at (at the beginning of Act 2) to show how it is approaching the beginning of Act 2) to show how it is approaching

a a climaxclimax (in crisis)(in crisis)

§§ Focus: Focus:

§§ Theme revealed through Theme revealed through EddieEddie’’s desperate states desperate state§§ Theme revealed through Theme revealed through EddieEddie’’s dialogue with Alfieris dialogue with Alfieri§§ Theme revealed through the Theme revealed through the inevitability of disastrous inevitability of disastrous

consequencesconsequences


Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria§§ I will succeed today when I am able to I will succeed today when I am able to analyseanalyse

and evaluate (with a partner) two aspects of and evaluate (with a partner) two aspects of how the theme i s revealed + record our how the theme i s revealed + record our answers in a tableanswers in a table

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to write I will succeed today when I am able to write TWO bullet points into a mini essay or mind TWO bullet points into a mini essay or mind map clearly showing U / A / E of how the theme map clearly showing U / A / E of how the theme of loyalty to a code or communi ty is in crisis at of loyalty to a code or communi ty is in crisis at the beginning of Act 2the beginning of Act 2


Loyalty to a particular Loyalty to a particular community / code of community / code of

honourhonour

Theme in crisis Theme in crisis –– beginning of Act 2beginning of Act 2


BackgroundBackground

§§ This key episode forces the audience to think This key episode forces the audience to think of the real possibility that Eddie could act on of the real possibility that Eddie could act on the different points he has already raised to the different points he has already raised to Alfieri, the family lawyerAlfieri, the family lawyer

§§ It is becoming clear that It is becoming clear that EddieEddie ’’s loyalty s loyalty to histo hisOWNOWN feelings for Catherinefeelings for Catherine is is greatergreater than than any loyalty he may have for any loyalty he may have for his communityhis community

§§ The inevitable outcome which was hinted at The inevitable outcome which was hinted at atatthe beginning of the play, is slowly unravelling.the beginning of the play, is slowly unravelling.


How is the theme s hown How is the theme s hown in crisis?in crisis? §§ There are There are 3 key 3 key

pieces of evidencepieces of evidencefrom this scene from this scene §§ Each shows the Each shows the

complex nature of complex nature of being loyal to this being loyal to this communitycommunity§§ As the scene As the scene

progresses, progresses, Eddie Eddie becomes even more becomes even more recklessreckless and is and is capable of doing capable of doing anythinganything


Loyalty to a particular communityLoyalty to a particular communityØØEddie is cleverly trying to make Eddie is cleverly trying to make CathCathfeel responsible. feel responsible.

ØØWord choice: Word choice: ““DonDon’’t make met make me”” ––warning in simplistic wordswarning in simplistic words, making his , making his thoughts absolutely clearthoughts absolutely clear

ØØ““Do Do nuttinnuttin’”’” also makes the audience also makes the audience wonder what Eddie IS planning to dowonder what Eddie IS planning to do

ØØWord choice again indicates another Word choice again indicates another warningwarning –– this time to Rodolfothis time to Rodolfo

ØØBy calling Rod By calling Rod ‘‘submarinesubmarine’’, Eddie is , Eddie is alluding to the fact that he is in the alluding to the fact that he is in the country illegally country illegally –– making sure that Rod making sure that Rod knows that he has not forgottenknows that he has not forgotten

““DonDon’’t t make me do make me do nuttinnuttin’’,, Catherine. Catherine. Watch your step, submarineWatch your step, submarine. . By rights I By rights I oughtaoughta throw you back in the waterthrow you back in the water. But . But I got pity on youI got pity on you..”” (59)(59)

ØØWord choice: Word choice: ““By rightsBy rights”” –– this is this is ironicironic because because legally Eddie should come clean about Rodolfo legally Eddie should come clean about Rodolfo BUT in terms of the code of his community, Eddie BUT in terms of the code of his community, Eddie should NEVER should NEVER ‘‘snitchsnitch’’

ØØImageryImagery –– ‘‘throw you back in the waterthrow you back in the water’’-- literally literally –– they came by boat + they came by boat + metaphoricallymetaphorically –– without without any support/ hope for survival any support/ hope for survival

ØØBecoming clear that Eddie does not feel Becoming clear that Eddie does not feel anything for Rodolfo + is contemplating drastic anything for Rodolfo + is contemplating drastic actionaction

ØØFocus on Focus on emotionemotion is significant is significant –– ““pitypity”” ––somewhat surprising to audience, somewhat surprising to audience, considering the depth of conflict between considering the depth of conflict between the 2 menthe 2 men

ØØEddie is trying to cover his tracks Eddie is trying to cover his tracks –– give give Rodolfo a way out Rodolfo a way out

ØØShows how Shows how important / dominant Eddie important / dominant Eddie believes himself to be = bigger than any believes himself to be = bigger than any ‘‘codecode’’


Now itNow it ’’s your turns your turn

““Just get Just get outaouta herehere and and dondon’’t lay another hand on hert lay another hand on her unless you unless you wannawanna go out go out feet first.feet first.”” (59)(59)

Evaluation Evaluation –– how WELL does this show theme?how WELL does this show theme?Understanding Understanding -- pointpoint

Analysis Analysis –– HOW does Miller reveal the theme? Techniques + effectsHOW does Miller reveal the theme? Techniques + effects


Now itNow it ’’s your turns your turn

Evaluation Evaluation –– how WELL does this show theme?how WELL does this show theme?

Understanding Understanding -- pointpoint

Analysis Analysis –– HOW does Miller reveal the theme? Techniques + effectsHOW does Miller reveal the theme? Techniques + effects


Mini TaskMini TaskWHAT DOES THIS EVIDENCE AND ANALYSIS REVEAL ABOUT THE THEME WHAT DOES THIS EVIDENCE AND ANALYSIS REVEAL ABOUT THE THEME

OF LOYALTY TO A PARTICULAR CODE IN CRISIS?OF LOYALTY TO A PARTICULAR CODE IN CRISIS?


At this point in the play Miller has successfully demonstratedAt this point in the play Miller has successfully demonstrated……. .


At the end of Act 2 the theme of loyalty reaches crisis point asAt the end of Act 2 the theme of loyalty reaches crisis point as it it becomes clear that Eddiebecomes clear that Eddie’’s loyalty to his own feelings for Catherine is s loyalty to his own feelings for Catherine is greater than any loyalty he may have for his community.greater than any loyalty he may have for his community. This is evident This is evident when Eddie drunkenly confronts both Catherine and when Eddie drunkenly confronts both Catherine and RodolophoRodolopho, , threatening threatening RodolphoRodolpho with violence while suggesting the possibility of with violence while suggesting the possibility of breaking the code. Eddie is becoming reckless and appears capabbreaking the code. Eddie is becoming reckless and appears capable of le of anything:anything:

““DonDon ’’t make me do t make me do nuttinnuttin’’, Catherine. Watch , Catherine. Watch your step, submarine. By rights I your step, submarine. By rights I oughtaoughta throw throw you back in the water. But I got pity on you.you back in the water. But I got pity on you.””(59)(59)


It is clear Eddie is trying to make Catherine feel responsible bIt is clear Eddie is trying to make Catherine feel responsible by saying y saying ‘‘DonDon ’’t make met make me ’’, which shows Eddie is, which shows Eddie is……..

Topic Sentence

Context

Quotation/Evidence

Analysis

Evaluation


SECTION 4SECTION 4

§§ ThemesThemes§§ Loyalty to a particular community / code Loyalty to a particular community / code

of honourof honour

§§ The disintegration of family relationshipsThe disintegration of family relationships


Section 4 Section 4

Key Scene in the cl imax of Key Scene in the cl imax of the THEME of Loyal ty to a the THEME of Loyal ty to a

particularparticular community / code community / code of honourof honour

Pages 57 Pages 57 -- 6161

CONTENTSCONTENTS



§§ We are learning to We are learning to analyseanalyse and and evaluateevaluate HOWHOWthis this key scene is the beginningkey scene is the beginning of the of the climaxclimax of of the theme of l oyalty to a particular communitythe theme of l oyalty to a particular community

§§ FOCUS:FOCUS: Theme shown through a characterTheme shown through a charactermaking an accu sation against a nother making an accu sation against a nother charactercharacter , a scene involving intense emotion. , a scene involving intense emotion.


Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria§§ I will succeed today when I am able to contribute to I will succeed today when I am able to contribute to

analysis and evaluation of one aspect of this key analysis and evaluation of one aspect of this key scene within a group + assist in taking notesscene within a group + assist in taking notes

§§ I will succeed today when I participate in the class I will succeed today when I participate in the class discussion about the collaborat ive responses of the discussion about the collaborat ive responses of the classclass

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to write TWO I will succeed today when I am able to write TWO bullet points in a mini essay or mind map clearly bullet points in a mini essay or mind map clearly showing U / A / E in relation to how this theme is showing U / A / E in relation to how this theme is approaching the climax through this key sceneapproaching the climax through this key scene

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to peer assess my I will succeed today when I am able to peer assess my partnerpartner’’s work and then take on board the s work and then take on board the recommendat ions they have for merecommendat ions they have for me


During this key scene:During this key scene:

§§ Negative aspectsNegative aspects of Eddieof Eddie’’s character s character cause cause inevitable consequencesinevitable consequences ..

§§ However, However,

§§ Positive aspectsPositive aspects of Eddieof Eddie’’s s character are character are still evident and add to the tragedystill evident and add to the tragedy


TASK:TASK:

§§ In groupsIn groups , your teacher will direct , your teacher will direct you to you to ONEONE part of the table to part of the table to

complete, charting how this theme complete, charting how this theme is shown throughout this key is shown throughout this key

episode:episode:


How effectively does How effectively does this contribute to the this contribute to the climax of this theme? climax of this theme?

(E)(E)

Comment on HOW Miller Comment on HOW Miller shows the climax of this shows the climax of this

themetheme(Techniques + effects) (Techniques + effects)

(A)(A)


Comment on the Comment on the event in plot event in plot ––

context of context of evidenceevidence

(U)(U)

Topic Topic Sentence Sentence

(U)(U)

Beatrice Beatrice instinctively instinctively knows that knows that Eddie has Eddie has something to something to do with the do with the arrival of the arrival of the officers + officers + feels feels compelled to compelled to question himquestion him

[[her final her final thrust is to thrust is to turn toward turn toward him instead him instead of running of running from himfrom him] ] ‘‘My God, My God, what did you what did you do?do? ’’ (74)(74)



(E)(E)

Comment on HOW Miller Comment on HOW Miller shows the climax of this shows the climax of this

themetheme(Techniques + effects) (Techniques + effects)

(A)(A)

EvidenceEvidence(U)(U)


context of context of evidenceevidence

(U)(U)

Topic Topic Sentence Sentence

(U)(U)

Catherine Catherine tries to tries to convince the convince the officers that officers that the men are the men are in America in America legallylegally

‘‘They They ainain’’ttno no submarines, submarines, he was born he was born in in PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia’’

Marco Marco publicly publicly makes an makes an accusation accusation that Eddie that Eddie was the one was the one who informed who informed immigration immigration about themabout them

‘‘That one! I That one! I accuse that accuse that one! . . . That one! . . . That one! He ki lled one! He ki lled my childrenmy children ’’



(E)(E)

Comment on HOW Comment on HOW Miller shows the Miller shows the

climax of this climax of this theme theme

(Techniques + (Techniques + effects) (A)effects) (A)



context of context of evidence evidence

(U)(U)

Topic Topic SentenceSentence

(U)(U)

Eddie tries in Eddie tries in vain to vain to convince his convince his ‘‘friendsfriends ’’ that that he is not in he is not in the wrongthe wrong

‘‘Lipari!Lipari!’’ [[He followsHe followsLIPARI LIPARI up left.up left.) ) ‘‘For For ChristChrist’’s sake, I kept s sake, I kept them, I give them them, I give them the blankets off my the blankets off my bed!bed!’’LOUIS LOUIS barely turns, barely turns, then walks off and then walks off and exits down right exits down right withwith MIKEMIKE

Eddie Eddie desperately desperately tries to tries to establish establish control over control over the situation the situation and threatens and threatens Marco Marco publiclypublicly

‘‘HeHe’’s s gonnagonna take take that back. Hethat back. He’’s s gonnagonna take that take that back or Iback or I ’’ll kill ll kill him! You hear him! You hear me? Ime? I ’’ll kill him!ll kill him!’’


How does the climax of this key theme make the

ending inevitable?



§§ Now select Now select TWO TWO of the of the pointspoints you you made about theme and integrate them made about theme and integrate them into a mini essay / mind mapinto a mini essay / mind map




§§ Point/Topic sentencePoint/Topic sentence: Must be relevant to the task and make a clear : Must be relevant to the task and make a clear point about the text point about the text

§§ ContextContext:: IntroduceIntroduce the quotation. Which aspect of theme are you the quotation. Which aspect of theme are you exploring?exploring?




responseresponse..


At this point in the play Miller has successfully demonstratedAt this point in the play Miller has successfully demonstrated……


At the end of Act 2 the theme of loyalty reaches climax as EddieAt the end of Act 2 the theme of loyalty reaches climax as Eddie ’’s s obsession with his niece has finally led him to break the code oobsession with his niece has finally led him to break the code of the f the community (which he had a strong belief in) leading to intense ccommunity (which he had a strong belief in) leading to intense conflict onflict with Rodolfo who now recognises what Eddie has done. This realiwith Rodolfo who now recognises what Eddie has done. This realisation sation will lead to inevitable disastrous consequences.will lead to inevitable disastrous consequences. Beatrice also Beatrice also instinctively knows that Eddie has something to do with the arriinstinctively knows that Eddie has something to do with the arrival of the val of the officers and feels compelled to question himofficers and feels compelled to question him::

[her final thrust is to turn toward him instead of [her final thrust is to turn toward him instead of running from him] running from him] ‘‘My God, what did you do?My God, what did you do?’’ (74)(74)


BeatriceBeatrice’’s exclamation to her hus band s exclamation to her hus band ‘‘My GodMy God ’’ conveysconveys…………....

Topic Sentence

Context

Quotation/Evidence

Analysis

Evaluation


SECTION 5SECTION 5

§§ Character: Eddie CarboneCharacter: Eddie Carbone

§§ Conflict between Eddie + RodolfoConflict between Eddie + Rodolfo

§§ Themes: Themes: §§ The disintegration of family relationshipsThe disintegration of family relationships

§§ Loyalty to a particular community / code of honourLoyalty to a particular community / code of honour


Section 5A: Section 5A:

Resolution of EddieResolution of Eddie ’’s s c omplex character complex character




§§ We are learning to We are learning to analyseanalyse and and evaluateevaluate HOWHOWnegative aspectsnegative aspects of Eddie Carboneof Eddie Carbone ’’s character s character cause cause inevitable consequencesinevitable consequences throughout the throughout the

end of Act 2end of Act 2


Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria§§ I will succeed today when I am able to select appropriate I will succeed today when I am able to select appropriate

comments to match to the evidence (in my pair)comments to match to the evidence (in my pair)

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to write TW O bullet points I will succeed today when I am able to write TW O bullet points in a mini essay or mind map clearly showin g U / A / E in relatioin a mini essay or mind map clearly showin g U / A / E in relatio n n to how negative aspects of Eddieto how negative aspects of Eddie ’’s character have caused his s character have caused his demise.demise.

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to contribute to I will succeed today when I am able to contribute to analysis analysis and evaluation ofand evaluation of 2 particular aspects of Eddie2 particular aspects of Eddie ’’s character with s character with a partner + record our answersa partner + record our answers

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to contribute to class I will succeed today when I am able to contribute to class discussions offering my opinion about Eddiediscussions offering my opinion about Eddie ’’s character and s character and how at the end of the play his problems are resolved.how at the end of the play his problems are resolved.


TASK 1:TASK 1:

§§Match the evidenc e with the Match the evidenc e with the most appropriate commentmost appropriate comment


Eddie informs B of what he expects from Eddie informs B of what he expects from her although he appears unaware of her although he appears unaware of what he should dowhat he should do

Eddie ironically appeals to his wife for Eddie ironically appeals to his wife for support, still unaware of the real support, still unaware of the real consequences of his actionsconsequences of his actions

Eddie treats Rodolfo with further Eddie treats Rodolfo with further contempt as he orders him to fetch contempt as he orders him to fetch Marco for him. The conflict with Rodolfo Marco for him. The conflict with Rodolfo appears to be far from Eddieappears to be far from Eddie’’s mind nows mind now

Eddie issues Beatrice with an ultimatum Eddie issues Beatrice with an ultimatum ––leaving her with no option for leaving her with no option for compromisecompromise

Eddie arrogantly addresses Marco Eddie arrogantly addresses Marco ––forcing him to react to his accusation. forcing him to react to his accusation. Eddie is oblivious to the part he has Eddie is oblivious to the part he has played in his own downfall played in his own downfall –– tragic flawtragic flaw

EddieEddie’’s desperation is clear as he realises s desperation is clear as he realises what Beatrice thinks of his relationship what Beatrice thinks of his relationship with Catherinewith Catherine

Eddie is practically hysterical as he Eddie is practically hysterical as he prepares to face Marcoprepares to face Marco

Comment about EddieComment about Eddie’’s s character (U)character (U)

Then why Then why –– oh. B! . . . My B!oh. B! . . . My B!

Come on, liar, you know what you done!Come on, liar, you know what you done!

((He is incensing himself and little bits of He is incensing himself and little bits of laughter even escape him as his eyes are laughter even escape him as his eyes are murderous and he cracks his knuckles in his murderous and he cracks his knuckles in his hands with a strange sort of relaxationhands with a strange sort of relaxation))

((crying out in agonycrying out in agony) That) That’’s what you think s what you think of me of me –– that I would have such thoughts? that I would have such thoughts? ((His fists clench his head as though it will His fists clench his head as though it will burstburst))

I want my name! He didnI want my name! He didn’’t take my name; t take my name; hehe’’s only a punk. Marcos only a punk. Marco’’s got my name s got my name –– ((totoRodolfo) and you can run tell him, kid, that Rodolfo) and you can run tell him, kid, that hehe’’s s gonnagonna give it back to me in front of this give it back to me in front of this neighbourhood, or we have it outneighbourhood, or we have it out

I want my respect. DidnI want my respect. Didn’’t you ever hear of t you ever hear of that? From my wife?that? From my wife?

You be on my side or on their side, thatYou be on my side or on their side, that’’s alls all

Evidence (U)Evidence (U)


Comment on how this Comment on how this effectively sums up Eddie effectively sums up Eddie

to the audience (E)to the audience (E)

Comment on HOW EddieComment on HOW Eddie’’s s character is revealedcharacter is revealed

(A)(A)


Comment about Comment about Eddie Eddie

(U)(U)

Eddie informs Eddie informs B of what he B of what he expects from expects from her although her although he appears he appears unaware of unaware of what he should what he should dodo

I want my I want my respect. Didnrespect. Didn’’t t you ever hear you ever hear of that? From of that? From my wife? (74)my wife? (74)

Eddie issues Eddie issues Beatrice with Beatrice with an ultimatum an ultimatum ––leaving her leaving her with no option with no option for for compromisecompromise

You be You be on my on my side or on side or on their side, their side, thatthat ’’s all s all (75)(75)




Comment on HOW Comment on HOW EddieEddie’’s character is s character is

revealedrevealed(A)(A)


Comment about Eddie Comment about Eddie (U)(U)

I want my name! He I want my name! He didndidn’’t take my name; t take my name; hehe’’s only a punk. s only a punk. MarcoMarco ’’s got my name s got my name –– ((toto Rodolfo) and you Rodolfo) and you can run tell him, kid, can run tell him, kid, that hethat he’’s s gonnagonna give it give it back to me in front of back to me in front of this neighbourhood, or this neighbourhood, or we have it out (76)we have it out (76)

Eddie treats Eddie treats Rodolfo with further Rodolfo with further contempt as he contempt as he orders him to fetch orders him to fetch Marco for him. The Marco for him. The conflict with conflict with Rodolfo appears to Rodolfo appears to be far from Eddiebe far from Eddie ’’s s mind nowmind now

((crying out in crying out in agonyagony ) That) That ’’s s what you think what you think of me of me –– that I that I would have would have such such thoughts? (thoughts? ( His His fists clench his fists clench his head as head as though it will though it will burstburst) (77)) (77)

EddieEddie’’s s desperation is desperation is clear as he clear as he realises what realises what Beatrice thinks Beatrice thinks of his of his relationship with relationship with CatherineCatherine




Comment on HOW Comment on HOW EddieEddie’’s character is s character is

revealedrevealed(A)(A)


Comment about Eddie Comment about Eddie (U)(U)

Eddie arrogantly Eddie arrogantly addresses Marco addresses Marco –– forcing him to forcing him to react to his react to his accusation. accusation. Eddie is oblivious Eddie is oblivious to the part he has to the part he has played in his own played in his own downfall downfall –– tragic tragic flawflaw

Come on, Come on, liar, you liar, you know what know what you done! you done! (78)(78)

Eddie is Eddie is practically practically hysterical as hysterical as he prepares he prepares to face Marcoto face Marco

((He is incensing He is incensing himself and little himself and little bits of laughter bits of laughter even escape him even escape him as his eyes are as his eyes are murderous and he murderous and he cracks his cracks his knuckles in his knuckles in his hands with a hands with a strange sort of strange sort of relaxationrelaxation ) (78)) (78)


This quote occurs at the conclusion of the play This quote occurs at the conclusion of the play and is spoken between Eddie and Beatri ce. As and is spoken between Eddie and Beatri ce. As Eddie lies dying in Beatrice's arms, the couple Eddie lies dying in Beatrice's arms, the couple finds some sort of reconciliation and repair of finds some sort of reconciliation and repair of their torn and battered relationship. Beatrice, their torn and battered relationship. Beatrice, even under such horrible circumstances, is even under such horrible circumstances, is able to forgive Eddie. Eddie constantly able to forgive Eddie. Eddie constantly dominates Beatrice throughout the play, but in dominates Beatrice throughout the play, but in this tiny moment Eddie needs Beatrice more this tiny moment Eddie needs Beatrice more than she needs him. It is the first time the than she needs him. It is the first time the audience hears that Eddie needs and it is the audience hears that Eddie needs and it is the first time that he honestly needs Beatrice. first time that he honestly needs Beatrice. Beatrice is the tirelessly forgiving character of Beatrice is the tirelessly forgiving character of the play. She is terribly jealous of her niece, the play. She is terribly jealous of her niece, who receives more attention from her husband who receives more attention from her husband than she does, but still forgives Eddie in the than she does, but still forgives Eddie in the end. This final scene was one of the major end. This final scene was one of the major alterations of the revised script of A View from alterations of the revised script of A View from the Bridge. In the original version, Eddie dies the Bridge. In the original version, Eddie dies at the feet of Catherine. However, because of at the feet of Catherine. However, because of Beatrice's increased presence in the revised Beatrice's increased presence in the revised version and downscaling of the relationship version and downscaling of the relationship between Eddie and Catherinebetween Eddie and Catherine——Eddie must Eddie must return to Beatrice. Beatrice is the only female return to Beatrice. Beatrice is the only female who, in the end, needs him. Catherine, now who, in the end, needs him. Catherine, now beyond his control, no longer seeks his beyond his control, no longer seeks his approval. Thus, Eddie is drawn to Beatrice and approval. Thus, Eddie is drawn to Beatrice and for the first time he seeks out Beatrice, her for the first time he seeks out Beatrice, her forgiveness and love.forgiveness and love.



Comment on HOW EddieComment on HOW Eddie’’s character is s character is revealedrevealed

(A)(A)


Comment about Comment about Eddie Eddie

(U)(U)

Then why Then why –– oh. B! . . oh. B! . . . My B! . My B! (79)(79)

Eddie ironically Eddie ironically appeals to his appeals to his wife for wife for support, still support, still unaware of the unaware of the real real consequences consequences of his actionsof his actions



§§ Now select Now select TWO TWO of the of the pointspoints you you made about Eddiemade about Eddie’’s character and s character and integrate them into a mini essay / integrate them into a mini essay / mind mapmind map





§§ ContextContext:: IntroduceIntroduce the quotation. Which aspect of Eddiethe quotation. Which aspect of Eddie’’s character s character are you exploring?are you exploring?




responseresponse..


This is a pivotal moment in the action asThis is a pivotal moment in the action as……


At the end of Act 2 the At the end of Act 2 the negative aspects of Eddie Carbonenegative aspects of Eddie Carbone ’’s character s character cause inevitable consequences such as the destruction of his famcause inevitable consequences such as the destruction of his family and ily and his own death.his own death. This is evident when Eddie arrogantly addresses Marco This is evident when Eddie arrogantly addresses Marco –– forcing him to react to his accusation. Eddie is oblivious to tforcing him to react to his accusation. Eddie is oblivious to the part he he part he has played in his own downfall which is a tragic flaw that will has played in his own downfall which is a tragic flaw that will lead to his lead to his death.death.

Come on, liar, you know what you done! (78)Come on, liar, you know what you done! (78)


EddieEddie ’’s accusation of Marco being the s accusation of Marco being the ‘‘liarliar ’’ is ironic and is ironic and exemplifiesexemplifies……....

Topic Sentence

Context

Quotation/Evidence

Analysis

Evaluation


Section 5B: Section 5B:

Resolution of the theme of Resolution of the theme of Loyalty to a Particular Loyalty to a Particular

code/community code/community




§§ We are learning to We are learning to identifyidentify HOWHOW the theme of loyalty the theme of loyalty to code/communit y is resolved at the end of Act 2, to code/communit y is resolved at the end of Act 2,

analysinganalysing and and evaluatingevaluating how Miller does this and why how Miller does this and why it is significantit is significant

§§ Focus: Focus:

§§ AlfieriAlfieri’’s meeting with Marco, s meeting with Marco, RodolphoRodolpho and Catherineand Catherine§§ In the house when In the house when RodolphoRodolpho speaks to Eddiespeaks to Eddie§§ EddieEddie ’’s death and the circumstances surrounding its death and the circumstances surrounding it§§ AlfieriAlfieri’’s comments at the ends comments at the end


Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria§§ I will succeed today when I am able to analyse and I will succeed today when I am able to analyse and

evaluate (within a group) three aspects of how the evaluate (within a group) three aspects of how the theme is resolved + record our answers in a tabletheme is resolved + record our answers in a table

§§ I will succeed today when I participate in the class I will succeed today when I participate in the class discussion about the collaborat ive responses of the discussion about the collaborat ive responses of the classclass

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to participate in I will succeed today when I am able to participate in whole class discussion about 4 key areas of this whole class discussion about 4 key areas of this theme and then, reviewing the collaborative responsestheme and then, reviewing the collaborative responses

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to participate in a I will succeed today when I am able to participate in a whole class peer assessment of someonewhole class peer assessment of someone ’’s work. I will s work. I will also reflect on my own work and make the relevant also reflect on my own work and make the relevant changeschanges


Loyalty to a Loyalty to a particular particular community / code of community / code of honourhonourResolution of the themeResolution of the themeEnd of Act 2End of Act 2


BackgroundBackground

§§ It is obvious to all concerned that Eddie has It is obvious to all concerned that Eddie has betrayed the code of honour held within the betrayed the code of honour held within the Italian Immigrant Community of Red Hook, Italian Immigrant Community of Red Hook, New YorkNew York§§ The tension created in the previous scene The tension created in the previous scene ––

the climax of this theme the climax of this theme –– leaves the audience leaves the audience questioning how (if at all) this key theme can questioning how (if at all) this key theme can be resolvedbe resolved


Final sceneFinal scene -- resolutionresolution

§§ Split into 4 sections:Split into 4 sections:

§§ AlfieriAlfieri’’s meeting with Marco, Rodolfo + s meeting with Marco, Rodolfo + Catherine (P.71 Catherine (P.71 –– 74)74)§§ In the apartment In the apartment –– Eddie, Beatrice, Catherine + Eddie, Beatrice, Catherine +

Rodolfo (P.74 Rodolfo (P.74 –– 77)77)§§ In the street (EddieIn the street (Eddie ’’s Death) s Death) –– Main characters Main characters

+ people from community (P.78 + people from community (P.78 –– 79)79)§§ AlfieriAlfieri’’s final comments (P.79)s final comments (P.79)


Paired Task 1Paired Task 1Your teacher w ill give you a particular section Your teacher w ill give you a particular section

of this key episode to considerof this key episode to consider

You will be expected to consi der the You will be expected to consi der the appropriate evidence, analyse the way Miller appropriate evidence, analyse the way Miller

presents the resol ution and decide the impact presents the resol ution and decide the impact the particular section you are considering has the particular section you are considering has

on the resolution of this key themeon the resolution of this key theme

You can use the templ ate provided, if youWish

template


Once you have collated Once you have collated the evidence, you will the evidence, you will piece it together as a piece it together as a

class and then, have a class and then, have a full and detailed full and detailed

analysis and evaluation analysis and evaluation of the resolution of this of the resolution of this

key themekey theme



Resolution of the THEME: LOYALTY to a Resolution of the THEME: LOYALTY to a particular community / code of honourparticular community / code of honour

SECTION A: Alf ieriSECTION A: Alf ieri’’s meeting with Marco, s meeting with Marco, RodolphoRodolpho and Catherineand CatherineComment on the impact this

point/evidence has on the resolution of this theme (E)

Comment on HOW Miller shows the resolution to

this theme (A)

Context / Evidence

(U)

Comment onevent in

plot(Topic S)(U)

Catherine:Catherine: ‘‘To To hell with Eddie. hell with Eddie. Nobody is going Nobody is going to talk to him to talk to him again if he lives again if he lives to a hundred.to a hundred.’’P.72 P.72



SECTION B: In the house when SECTION B: In the house when RodolphoRodolpho speaks to Eddiespeaks to Eddie

Comment on the impact this point/evidence has on the

resolution of this theme (E)


this theme (A)

Context / Evidence

(U)

Comment onevent in

plot(Topic S)(U)

Beatrice: Beatrice: ““only only blood is good? blood is good? He kissed your He kissed your hand!hand! ””



SECTION C: EddieSECTION C: Eddie ’’s death and the circumstances surroundi ng its death and the circumstances surroundi ng it



Comment on HOW Miller shows the resolution

to this theme (A)

Context / Evidence (U)

Comment onevent in

plot(Topic S)(U)

EddieEddie lunges with lunges with the knife. the knife. MarcoMarcograbs his arm, grabs his arm, turning the blade turning the blade inward and pressing inward and pressing it home as the it home as the women and women and LouisLouisand and MikeMike rush in and rush in and separate them.separate them.



SECTION D: Alf ieriSECTION D: Alf ieri’’s comments at the ends comments at the end




this theme (A)

Context / Evidence

(U)

Comment onevent in

plot(Topic S)(U)

AlfieriAlfieri: : ‘…‘… it it is better to is better to settle settle fotfothalf.half.’’



§§ Now select Now select TWO TWO of the of the pointspoints you you made about the resolution of theme made about the resolution of theme and integrate them into a mini essay / and integrate them into a mini essay / mind mapmind map





§§ ContextContext:: IntroduceIntroduce the quotation. Which aspect of theme are you the quotation. Which aspect of theme are you exploring?exploring?




responseresponse..


This scene is effective in demonstratingThis scene is effective in demonstrating……


At the end of Act 2 the At the end of Act 2 the theme of loyalty to a code/communit y is brought theme of loyalty to a code/communit y is brought to resolution as Eddieto resolution as Eddie ’’s breaking of the code and subsequent ill s breaking of the code and subsequent ill treatment of Marco and Rodolfo leads to his inevitable demise.treatment of Marco and Rodolfo leads to his inevitable demise.This is made clear at the end of Act 2 when Eddie ignores This is made clear at the end of Act 2 when Eddie ignores RodolofoRodolofo’’ssstrenuous attempts to reconcile their differences and instead instrenuous attempts to reconcile their differences and instead insults him, sults him, demanding confrontation with Marco for rightly accusing him of tdemanding confrontation with Marco for rightly accusing him of the code he code of the community. Beatriceof the community. Beatrice’’s reaction betrays her feelings about her s reaction betrays her feelings about her husbandhusband ’’s reckless behaviour. s reckless behaviour.

Beatrice: Beatrice: ““only blood is good? He kissed your only blood is good? He kissed your hand!hand! ””


BeatriceBeatrice ’’s questioning of her husbands questioning of her husband ’’s hardened mindset s hardened mindset revealsreveals……

Topic Sentence

Context

Quotation/Evidence

Analysis

Evaluation


SECTION 6SECTION 6

§§ Relating to Relating to CHARACTERCHARACTER -- EDDIEEDDIE

§§ Relating to the Relating to the THEMETHEME of Loyalty to a of Loyalty to a particular code of honour / particular code of honour / commnitycommnity


PART 1PART 1

Focus on past critical essay Focus on past critical essay questionsquestions that are suitable for that are suitable for

A View from the Bridge A View from the Bridge --



§§ We are learning We are learning HOWHOW to recall what we have to recall what we have learned in order to answer specific critical essay learned in order to answer specific critical essay

questions from pass papersquestions from pass papers


Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria§§ I will succeed today when I am able to I will succeed today when I am able to

contribute to planning 2 essay questions from contribute to planning 2 essay questions from past papers (on A View from the Bridge) + past papers (on A View from the Bridge) + recall specific areas for my study considerationrecall specific areas for my study consideration

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to I will succeed today when I am able to participate in class discussion evaluating other participate in class discussion evaluating other groupsgroups ’’ responses and recording their thoughts responses and recording their thoughts in my table.in my table.


Suitable Suitable Intermediate 2Intermediate 2Questions for Drama text: Questions for Drama text:

‘‘A View from the BridgeA View from the Bridge ’’ by by Arthur MillerArthur Miller


20082008Choose a play in which a characterChoose a play in which a characterencounters difficulties within theencounters difficulties within thecommunity in which he or she lives.community in which he or she lives.Show how the character copes withShow how the character copes withthe difficulties he or she encountersthe difficulties he or she encountersand how his or her actions contributeand how his or her actions contributeto the theme of the play.to the theme of the play.

20082008Choose a play which has a tragicChoose a play which has a tragicending.ending.Show how the ending of the playShow how the ending of the playresults from the strengths and/orresults from the strengths and/orweaknesses of the main weaknesses of the main character(scharacter(s).).

20082008Choose a play in which there is aChoose a play in which there is asignificant conflict between twosignificant conflict between twocharacters.characters.Describe the conflict and show how itDescribe the conflict and show how itis important to the development of theis important to the development of thecharacterisation and theme of the play.characterisation and theme of the play.

Suitable Suitable INTERMEDIATE 2INTERMEDIATE 2 Questions for Drama text: Questions for Drama text: ‘‘A View from the BridgeA View from the Bridge ’’ by Arthur Millerby Arthur Miller


20092009Choose a play which deals with a closeChoose a play which deals with a closerelationship within a family or arelationship within a family or acommunity.community.Show how the portrayal of theShow how the portrayal of therelationship helps in yourrelationship helps in yourunderstanding of the central concernsunderstanding of the central concernsof the play.of the play.

20092009Choose a scene from a play in whichChoose a scene from a play in whichsuspense or tension is built up.suspense or tension is built up.Show how this suspense or tension isShow how this suspense or tension isbuilt up and what effect this scene hasbuilt up and what effect this scene hason the play as a whole.on the play as a whole.

20092009Choose a character from a play whoseChoose a character from a play whosefate is unfortunate or unhappy.fate is unfortunate or unhappy.Show how much of the characterShow how much of the character’’ssmisfortune is caused by the personalitymisfortune is caused by the personalityand decisions of the character and howand decisions of the character and howmuch by other circumstances in themuch by other circumstances in theplay.play.


20102010Choose a play in which one of the mainChoose a play in which one of the mainconcerns is love or jealousy or betrayalconcerns is love or jealousy or betrayalor reconciliation.or reconciliation.Explain what the concern is, and showExplain what the concern is, and showhow it is explored throughout the play.how it is explored throughout the play.

20102010Choose a scene from a play in whichChoose a scene from a play in whichthere is an important incident whichthere is an important incident whichleads to a turning point in the action.leads to a turning point in the action.Explain what happens in the scene,Explain what happens in the scene,and then go on to say how it affectsand then go on to say how it affectsthe outcome of the play.the outcome of the play.

20102010Choose a play in which a centralChoose a play in which a centralcharacter feels increasingly isolatedcharacter feels increasingly isolatedfrom those around her or him.from those around her or him.Explain why the character finds herselfExplain why the character finds herselfor himself isolated, and show what theor himself isolated, and show what theconsequences are for the characterconsequences are for the characterconcerned.concerned.


20112011Choose a play which you feel has aChoose a play which you feel has adramatic final scene.dramatic final scene.Describe briefly what happens andDescribe briefly what happens andexplain how effective the ending is inexplain how effective the ending is inbringing to a conclusion the centralbringing to a conclusion the centralconcerns of the text.concerns of the text.

20112011Choose a play in which there is anChoose a play in which there is animportant relationship between two ofimportant relationship between two ofthe main characters.the main characters.Describe the nature of the relationship,Describe the nature of the relationship,and explain how it is developedand explain how it is developedthroughout the play.throughout the play.

20112011Choose a play in which there is aChoose a play in which there is acharacter who suffers from a humancharacter who suffers from a humanweakness such as ambition,weakness such as ambition,selfishness, lack of selfselfishness, lack of self--knowledge,knowledge,jealousy, pride, lust . . .jealousy, pride, lust . . .Show how the weakness is revealed,Show how the weakness is revealed,then explain how this weakness affectsthen explain how this weakness affectsboth the characters and the events ofboth the characters and the events ofthe play.the play.

IdeasIdeasYearYearQuestionQuestion


PART 2PART 2

How to integrate what has been How to integrate what has been learned about character and learned about character and

theme, as appropriate and write theme, as appropriate and write a critical essaya critical essay



§§ We are learning We are learning HOWHOW to integrate what we to integrate what we have learned about character and theme, as have learned about character and theme, as

appropriate and wri te a full critical essayappropriate and wri te a full critical essay


Success CriteriaSuccess Criteria§§ I will succeed today when I participate in the class I will succeed today when I participate in the class

discussion about the plan of the critical essaydiscussion about the plan of the critical essay

§§ I will succeed today when I am able to work with my I will succeed today when I am able to work with my partner improving a poor model of an introduction and partner improving a poor model of an introduction and paragraph 2 of a critical essayparagraph 2 of a critical essay

§§ I will succeed today when I write the first two I will succeed today when I write the first two paragraphs of a specific critical essay by myselfparagraphs of a specific critical essay by myself

§§ I will succeed today when I peer assess my partnerI will succeed today when I peer assess my partner’’s s work and then take on board suggestions they make work and then take on board suggestions they make to meto me


Intermediate 2 Intermediate 2 –– Writing a Writing a Critical EssayCritical Essay

§§ This part of the programme i s intended to focus on This part of the programme i s intended to focus on answering answering EXAM QUESTIONSEXAM QUESTIONS on the drama text on the drama text you have just studied.you have just studied.

§§ This question is eminently suitable for an answer This question is eminently suitable for an answer on on ‘‘A View from the BridgeA View from the Bridge’’::

‘Choose a play whose main theme is loyalty, friendship ornature.Show how the dramati st successfully explore s the themethroughout the play. ’


How do you go about planning this? Which How do you go about planning this? Which sections of the play are you going to consider?sections of the play are you going to consider?

INTRODUCTION of the INTRODUCTION of the theme theme –– section ONEsection ONE of of

class work class work –– VinnyVinnyBolzano story Bolzano story –– theme theme

introduced through introduced through characterisation + the way characterisation + the way Eddie / Catherine react to Eddie / Catherine react to

storystory

DEVELOPM ENT of theme DEVELOPM ENT of theme –– focus on end of Act 1 focus on end of Act 1 ––

section TWOsection TWO of class work of class work –– theme developed theme developed

through characterisation through characterisation ––conflict + tension (Marcoconflict + tension (Marco’’s s

loyalty revealed)loyalty revealed)

Theme building to a CLIMAX Theme building to a CLIMAX –– Eddie phones the Eddie phones the

immigration bureau + Key immigration bureau + Key Scene Scene –– Marco accuses Marco accuses

Eddie publicly of informing Eddie publicly of informing ––theme developed through theme developed through

characterisation + dialogue characterisation + dialogue ––class work class work section 4section 4

RESOLUTION of theme RESOLUTION of theme ––End of Act 2 End of Act 2 –– EddieEddie’’s s

death death –– only way theme only way theme could have been could have been

resolved? resolved? –– theme theme through characterisation through characterisation

+ conflict + conflict –– class work class work section 5section 5

Main theme – loyalty –Introduction/Development/Climax/Resolution

Introduction Introduction –– T A G LT A G L

Conclusion Conclusion –– sum up + evaluate sum up + evaluate how well theme was developedhow well theme was developed


NOW you have to integrate NOW you have to integrate all of these key points into a all of these key points into a

critical essaycritical essay


How do I start off my How do I start off my essay?essay?

§§ In pairs, consider the first two In pairs, consider the first two paragraphs of this essay:paragraphs of this essay:

§§ As you know by now, the As you know by now, the structurestructure of of the essay you write is of great the essay you write is of great importance.importance.

§§ You You cannot simply list what you cannot simply list what you knowknow in a detached way in a detached way because then because then you will not meet the demands of the you will not meet the demands of the question.question.


Writing an IntroductionWriting an Introduction

§§ An An introductionintroduction should home in on the should home in on the task andtask and, in particular, , in particular, what you are what you are being asked to do. being asked to do.

§§ A simple way of doing this is A simple way of doing this is reshaping the w ords of the questionreshaping the w ords of the questionand and building them into your opening building them into your opening statement.statement.


IntroductionIntroduction§§ Introduction Introduction –– a useful structure to use when a useful structure to use when

writing an introduction writing an introduction

§§ 1) 1) link to tasklink to task –– use wording of questionuse wording of question

§§ 2) 2) text/titletext/title

§§ 3) 3) authorauthor

§§ 4) 4) genre genre –– briefly summarise the plotbriefly summarise the plot

§§ 5) 5) The key points your essay will exploreThe key points your essay will explore


Main Body of EssayMain Body of Essay§§ Following on from that, you should continue to develop your Following on from that, you should continue to develop your

response. REMEMBER ST RUCTURE response. REMEMBER ST RUCTURE –– for each point you for each point you make, you should have:make, you should have:

§§ Topic sentenceTopic sentence –– what is this particular paragraph going to be what is this particular paragraph going to be about? about? Remember the word ing of the original questionRemember the word ing of the original question

§§ ContextContext:: IntroduceIntroduce the quotation. the quotation.

§§ EvidenceEvidence –– how can you support the point you have made?how can you support the point you have made?

§§ ExplanationExplanation –– analysis analysis -- HOW does the writer reveal theme? HOW does the writer reveal theme? Techniques and effectsTechniques and effects

§§ CommentComment –– evaluation evaluation –– how has the theme/ character / how has the theme/ character / conflict / setting etc been introduced / developed? Relate to conflict / setting etc been introduced / developed? Relate to task task


T ASK TASK……

§§ In pairs, In pairs, highlighthighlight the the aspectsaspects of the of the opening two paragraphs of this essay opening two paragraphs of this essay that that you feel could be impro vedyou feel could be impro ved..

§§ Then, in pairs, Then, in pairs, rewrite both rewrite both paragraphsparagraphs making each one more making each one more effective effective –– improve a poor modelimprove a poor model..


IntroductionIntroduction

A play I have read is A play I have read is ‘‘A View from the A View from the BridgeBridge ’’. It is written by Arthur Mi ller. It is . It is written by Arthur Mi ller. It is about an Italian, immigrant fami ly who live in about an Italian, immigrant fami ly who live in New York. The theme is Loyalty to a New York. The theme is Loyalty to a Community or code of honour. I think it is Community or code of honour. I think it is shown throughout the pl ay.shown throughout the pl ay.

Paragraph 2Paragraph 2Near the beginning of the play, Beatrice tells Near the beginning of the play, Beatrice tells the story of the story of VinnyVinny Bolzano. He Bolzano. He ‘‘snitchedsnitched ’’, to , to the Immigration Office, on his own uncle. the Immigration Office, on his own uncle. Catherine was shocked:Catherine was shocked:

““What, was he crazy?What, was he crazy?””The fact that Catherine asked this question The fact that Catherine asked this question

shows that she was surprised. The word shows that she was surprised. The word ‘‘crazycrazy ’’ is important becaus e it clearly is important becaus e it clearly highlights how mad it would be to do i t. This highlights how mad it would be to do i t. This relates to the theme bec ause it shows you relates to the theme bec ause it shows you shouldnshouldn’’t betray someone from the s ame t betray someone from the s ame community as you as no one will talk to you.community as you as no one will talk to you.

Notes Notes Notes Notes


Paragraph 1 Paragraph 1 –– introductionintroduction

Paragraph 2 Paragraph 2 –– development of first pointdevelopment of first point

We will We will consider consider changed changed models models

as a as a classclass


Individual ActivityIndividual Activity

§§ Now it is your turn to write the opening tw o Now it is your turn to write the opening tw o paragraphs o f one of the past paper paragraphs o f one of the past paper questions questions

§§ –– your teacher will tell you which one your teacher will tell you which one ––

§§ Remember to i nclude ALL the rel evant Remember to i nclude ALL the rel evant information information -- peer assessment will be peer assessment will be completed for this activity.completed for this activity.


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