About Exim Bank's Working Paper Seriesgnexid.com/Wp-content/Uploads/2015/06/INDIA-SADC.pdfAbout Exim Bank's Working Paper Series As part of its endeavour in enriching the knowledge

About Exim Bank's Working Paper Series

As part of its endeavour in enriching the knowledge of Indian exporters and thereby to enhance their competitiveness, Exim Bank periodically conducts research studies. These research studies are broadly categorized into three segments, viz. sector studies, country studies and macro-economic related analysis. These studies are published in the form of Occasional Papers, Working Papers and Books. The research papers that are brought out in the form of Working Papers are done with swift analysis and data collation from various sources. The research papers under the series provide an analytical overview on various trade and investment related issues.

Previous Working Papers brought out by Exim Bank

Paper No. 1 Snap Market Survey for Pharmaceutical Products in South Africa, July 2002Paper No. 2 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (USA) - An Opportunity for

Indian IT Companies, August 2002Paper No. 3 Indian Cement Industry: Perspective and Export Potential, October 2002Paper No. 4 Transaction Costs of Indian Exports: A Review, March 2003Paper No. 5 Strategy for Quantum Jump in Exports: Focus on Africa, Latin America and China,

May 2003Paper No. 6 Export Potential of Indian Steel, February 2004Paper No. 7 Export Potential of Indian Jute Industry, March 2004Paper No. 8 Southern African Customs Union (SACU): A Study of India's Trade and

Investment Potential, February 2005Paper No. 9 Textile Exports: Post MFA Scenario: Opportunities and Challenges,

February 2005Paper No. 10 Indian Ceramic Industry: Perspective and Export Potential, February 2005Paper No. 11 Central Asian Republics, Afghanistan & Pakistan: A Study of India's Trade and

Investment Potential, March 2005Paper No. 12 Vanilla and its Potential in India, September 2005Paper No. 13 Export Performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in India,

October 2005Paper No. 14 Prospects for Exports of Handicrafts from North Eastern Region (NER),

October 2005Paper No. 15 FDI Flows and Investment Policies in India and Select Asian Countries:

A Comparative Analysis, October 2005Paper No. 16 Indian Construction Industry: Opportunities Abroad, February 2007Paper No. 17 Potential for Enhancing India's Trade with Myanmar: A Brief Analysis, April 2012Paper No. 18 Potential for Enhancing India's Trade with Iran: A Brief Analysis, July 2012Paper No. 19 Potential for Enhancing India's Trade with Pakistan: A Brief Analysis, August 2012Paper No. 20 Potential for Enhancing India's Trade with China: A Brief Analysis, January 2013 Paper No. 21 Enhancing India's Trade Relations with Africa: Focus on Select Countries,

May 2013 Paper No. 22 Enhancing India's Trade Relations with LAC: Focus on Select Countries,

August 2013Paper No. 23 Enhancing India - Myanmar Trade and Investment Relations:

A Brief Analysis, August 2013Paper No. 24 Potential for Enhancing India's Trade with Russia: A Brief Analysis, September, 2013Paper No. 25 Indian Ceramic Industry: Scenario, Challenges & Strategies, September, 2013Paper No. 26 Potential for Enhancing India's Trade with France: A Brief Analysis, October, 2013Paper No. 27 Potential for Enhancing India's Trade with United Kingdom: A Brief Analysis,

November, 2013Paper No. 28

February, 2014Potential for Enhancing India's Trade with Germany: A Brief Analysis

EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF INDIA

WORKING PAPER NO. 29

ENHANCING INDIA’S TRADE RELATIONS WITHSOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY (SADC):

A BRIEF ANALYSIS

EXIM Bank’s Working Paper Series is an attempt to disseminate the findings of research studies carried out in the Bank. The results of research studies can interest exporters, policy makers, industrialists, export promotion agencies as well as researchers. However, views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank. While reasonable care has been taken to ensure authenticity of information and data, EXIM Bank accepts no responsibility for authenticity, accuracy or completeness of such items.

© Export-Import Bank of IndiaMarch 2014

Export-Import Bank of India 3

Enhancing India’s Trade Relations with Southern African Development Community (SADC): A Brief Analysis

CONTENTS

Page No.

List of Tables 5

List of Annexures 7

List of Charts 7

Executive Summary 9

Economic Profile of SADC: An Overview 14

Recent Trends in SADC’s International Trade 18

Recent Trends In Indo-SADC Trade Relations 25

Enhancing Bilateral Trade Relations with SADC Countries 42

Export-Import Bank of India- A Partner in SADC’s Development 70

Annexures 75

Project Team:

Mr. David Sinate, Chief General Manager

Mr. Vanlalruata Fanai, Assistant General Manager

Ms. Sara Joy, Manager



LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Title Page No.

1.1 Nominal GDP of Trading Blocs in Africa (US$ bn) 15

1.2 Select Macro Economic Indicators of SADC (2009-14) 16

1.3 Macroeconomic Snapshot of SADC Countries, 2012 17

2.1 SADC’s Foreign Trade, 2001-2012 (US$ bn) 19

2.2 SADC- Major Exporters, 2012 (US$ mn) 20

2.3 SADC- Major Importers, 2012 (US$ mn) 20

2.4 SADC’s Major Export Items, 2012 (US$ mn) 21

2.5 Global Exporters of Crude Petroleum, 2012 22

2.6 SADC’s Major Import Items, 2012 (US$ mn) 22

2.7 SADC’s Major Export Destinations, 2001-2012 23

2.8 SADC’s Major Import Sources, 2001-2012 24

3.1 India’s Trade with SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ bn) 25

3.2 India’s Major Export Items to SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn) 27

3.3 India’s Exports of Petroleum Oils – not crude (HS-2710) to SADC, 28

2005-2012 (US$ mn)

3.4 India’s Exports of Vehicles (HS-87) to SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn) 29

3.5 India’s Exports of Pharmaceuticals (HS-30) to SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn) 30

3.6 India’s Exports of Electrical & Electronic Equipment (HS-85) to SADC, 31

2001-2012 (US$ mn)

3.7 India’s Exports of Cereals (HS-10) to SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn) 32

3.8 India’s Exports of Machinery (HS-84) to SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn) 33

3.9 India’s Exports to SADC - Major Markets, 2001-2012 (US$ mn) 34

3.10 India’s Major Import Items from SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn) 36

3.11 India’s Imports of Crude Petroleum (HS-2709) from SADC, 2006-2012 (US$ mn) 37

3.12 India’s Imports of Pearls & Precious Stones (HS-71) from SADC, 2001-2012 37

(US$ mn)

Export-Import Bank of India6


LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Title Page No.

3.13 India’s Imports of Pearls & Precious Stones (HS-71) - Major Items, 2012 (US$ mn) 38

3.14 India’s Imports of Unwrought Gold (HS-7108) - Major Partners, 2012 38

3.15 India’s Imports of Unmounted Diamonds (HS-7102) from Africa, 2012 39

3.16 India’s Imports from SADC-Major Partners, 2001-2012 (US$ mn) 40

3.17 India’s Trade Balance with SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn) 41

4.1 SADC’s Top 10 Importers & their Imports from India, 2012 (US$ mn) 43

4.2 South Africa’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn) 44

4.3 South Africa’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 45

4.4 Angola’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn) 46

4.5 Angola’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 47

4.6 Tanzania’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 48

4.7 Zambia’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn) 49

4.8 Zambia’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 50

4.9 Botswana’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 51

4.10 Zimbabwe’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn) 52

4.11 Zimbabwe’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 53

4.12 Namibia’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn) 54

4.13 Namibia’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 55

4.14 Mozambique’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 56

4.15 Mauritius’ Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn) 57

4.16 Mauritius’ Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 58

4.17 DR Congo’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn) 59

4.18 DR Congo’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 60

4.19 Madagascar’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn) 61

4.20 Madagascar’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 62

4.21 Malawi’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn) 63

4.22 Malawi’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 64

4.23 Seychelles’ Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 66

4.24 Swaziland’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 67

4.25 Lesotho’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012 69



LIST OF ANNEXURES

LIST OF CHARTS

Annexure No. Title Page No.

1. South Africa - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 75

2. Angola - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 86

3. Tanzania- Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 95

4. Zambia - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 100

5. Botswana - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 108

6. Zimbabwe - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 116

7. Namibia - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 124

8. Mozambique - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 133

9. Mauritius- Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 137

10. DR Congo - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 143

11. Madagascar - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 151

12. Malawi - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 155

13. Seychelles - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 159

14. Swaziland - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 162

15. Lesotho - Potential Items of India’s Exports – as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code 164

Chart No. Title Page No.

2.1 SADC’s Foreign Trade, 2001-2012 (US$ bn) 18

3.1 India’s Trade with SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ bn) 26



Southern African Development Community (SADC), comprising Angola, Botswana, DR Congo, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe, is an integral part of the African region, accounting for 32.5% of total land area of Africa, 27.2% of total population of Africa and is the largest contributor of gross domestic product (GDP) to the African region. SADC accounts for 51.1% of nominal GDP of Sub-Saharan Africa and 32.1% of GDP of Africa in 2012.

India Emerging as an Important Trading Partner for SADC Countries

With the increasing diversification of India’s global trade towards other developing countries, SADC has emerged as an important partner for India, both as an export market as also an import source. This is reflected in the synergy in bilateral trade relations wherein India’s total trade with SADC has risen almost 12-fold, from US$ 2.3 bn in 2001 to touch US$ 27.1 bn in 2012. Underlying the robust trend in total trade has been the significant rise in both India’s exports to as also India’s imports from SADC.

While India’s total exports to SADC have risen from US$ 0.7 bn in 2001 to US$ 9.7 bn in 2012, India’s total imports from SADC have also risen from US$ 1.5 bn to US$ 17.5 bn. India generally maintains a trade deficit with SADC region, which has risen from US$ 0.8 bn in 2001 to touch US$ 7.8 bn in 2012.

The increasing importance of India as SADC’s trading partner can be assessed from the fact that India’s exports to SADC accounts for a respectable 5.1% of SADC’s global imports in 2012, up from 1.7% in 2001. Further, India’s

imports from SADC now accounts for around 9% of SADC’s total exports, up from 3.4% in 2001, depicting the rising importance of India in SADC’s trade configuration.

The importance of SADC region can also be gauged from the fact that the region accounted for 35.3% of India’s total exports to Africa during 2012, up from 26.2% recorded in 2001. India’s total imports from SADC region, as a percentage share of India’s total imports from Africa, accounted for 40.6% in 2012. At the same time, the share of SADC in India’s exports rose from 1.7% in 2001 to 3.3% in 2012, while the region’s share in India’s global imports has also risen from 3% to 3.6% during the same period.

Mineral fuels (primarily petroleum products) and vehicles are the largest items in India’s export basket to SADC, with a combined share of 49% of India’s total exports to SADC in 2012. Other important items of India’s exports to SADC include pharmaceuticals, electrical & electronic equipment, cereals, machinery, plastics and articles, and iron and steel.

As regards India’s imports from SADC, crude petroleum is the largest item, with India’s imports of crude petroleum from SADC having risen from US$ 180 mn in 2006 to touch US$ 8 bn in 2012, and accounted for as much as 5.3% of India’s global imports. Angola was the sole source of India’s imports of crude petroleum from SADC, accounting for 29% of India’s total imports from Africa. Angola is the eighth largest source of India’s global imports of crude petroleum and is the second largest source from Africa.

Under pearls and precious stones, which are the second largest category of India’s imports from SADC, the major items comprise unwrought gold or gold in semi-manufactured forms and

Executive Summary



unmounted diamonds, mainly from South Africa, Tanzania, Botswana and Swaziland.

India’s Trade Balance with SADC Countries

Underlying the robust trend in bilateral trade (total trade) between India and SADC countries, has been the rising trend in India’s trade deficit with SADC. India’s trade deficit with SADC has risen from US$ 0.8 bn in 2001 to touch US$ 7.8 bn in 2012.

Amongst the major trade partners with which India maintains a trade deficit, the largest countries are Angola and South Africa. In the case of Angola, large and rising volume of crude petroleum imports

from the country have underlined India’s rising trade deficit with Angola. In the case of South Africa, India’s large and rising imports of unwrought gold, together with imports of unmounted diamonds from the country, have underlined the huge trade deficit with South Africa.

Enhancing Bilateral Trade Relations with Countries in SADC

To further enhance India’s trade with SADC countries, and at the same time to address the rising trade deficit, an important strategy would be to focus on India’s export potential to the major countries in SADC with which India maintains

Source: ITC Geneva, and Exim Bank Analysis

SADC’s Foreign Trade: Recent Trends

Reflecting the increasing globalization of the economies in SADC region, SADC’s global trade has witnessed significant upward trend in recent years. During the period 2001 to 2012, SADC’s total trade have risen almost 5-fold, from US$ 88.7 bn in 2001 to US$ 395.5 bn in 2012, growing at a compound annual growth rate of 13.4% over the period. While SADC’s total exports have risen from US$ 45.5 bn in 2001 to US$ 206.6 bn in 2012, SADC’s total imports have also witnessed a continuous growth, up from US$ 43.2 bn to US$ 188.9 bn.

Chart 1: SADC’s Foreign Trade, 2001-2012 (US$ bn)



large and rising trade deficit, the largest countries being Angola and South Africa.

Such a strategy would also contribute to the overall efforts to enhance India’s exports to SADC, as these countries are also the leading importers in SADC. South Africa and Angola account for 54% and 11%, respectively, of SADC’s total imports in 2012. Further, the study has also focussed on identifying India’s potential export items to the other SADC member countries.

Identification of potential items of India’s exports to the SADC member countries is based on the following criteria:

l Identification of major categories of imports of each SADC member country, and share of India in each product line of imports, based on 2-digit HS code, and

l Selection of potential items of India’s exports to each of these markets, based on low share of India in target country’s import basket of major commodity categories, keeping in view India’s global export capability, as also SADC countries’ demand for imports of such commodities. This would further entail identification of potential export items to each market, up to the 6-digit HS code.

While India’s current global export capability could be matched with SADC’s import demand, leading to enhanced exports from India, strategy to promote bilateral trade relations could also encompass the case for enhancing domestic production in India to cater to the large demand existing in focus countries in SADC.

Given India’s expertise in several manufactured products, and technology which is affordable and adaptable, SADC countries would also stand to gain with increased imports of such items from

India. Moreover, matching India’s capability in high value added production and manufacturing with an increasing import demand in SADC for such products and technology, could prove to be a win-win situation for both India and SADC. This would also help in further strengthening bilateral ties, and resulting in a mutually rewarding long-term partnership. With many Indian companies exporting high value products to markets in USA and European region, rising demand for such products in emerging economies including SADC countries would present opportunities for enhancing exports and partnerships.

Potential Items of Trade

While India’s trade with most SADC countries has shown an upward trend over the years, it is however, important to highlight that India’s share in most SADC countries’ global imports continues to be marginal. For instance, India’s share in global imports of Angola, Zambia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia and DR Congo ranges from a marginal 0.7% to 2.6%. Potential items of India’s exports, based on 2-digit HS code, to these countries are given in following paragraphs:

In the case of South Africa, potential items of India’s exports would include: machinery and instruments (HS-84); electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85); plastics and articles (HS-39); optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus (HS-90); rubber and articles (HS-40); miscellan-eous chemical products (HS-38); inorganic chemicals (HS-28); animal, vegetable fats and oils (HS-15); paper and paperboard (HS-48); footwear, gaiters, and parts (HS-64); furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings (HS-94); and articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet (HS-61).



In the case of Angola, items which hold potential for exports would include: machinery and instruments (HS-84); electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85); articles of iron and steel (HS-73); mineral fuels (HS-27); furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings (HS-94); plastics and articles (HS-39); iron and steel (HS-72); optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus (HS-90); animal, vegetable fats and oils (HS-15); rubber and articles (HS-40); miscellaneous chemical products (HS-38); soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes (HS-34); sugar and confectionery (HS-17); and salt, sulphur, stone, plaster (HS-25).

In the case of Tanzania, potential items of exports would include: machinery and instruments (HS-84); vehicles other than railway (HS-87); electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85); animal, vegetable fats and oils (HS-15); optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus (HS-90); salt, sulphur, stone, plaster (HS-25); and furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings (HS-94).

In the case of Zambia, India’s potential items of exports would include: machinery and instruments (HS-84); mineral fuels (HS-27); vehicles other than railway (HS-87); articles of iron and steel (HS-73); inorganic chemicals (HS-28); plastics and articles (HS-39); iron and steel (HS-72); miscellaneous chemical products (HS-38); rubber and articles (HS-40); animal, vegetable fats and oils (HS-15); salt, sulphur, stone, plaster (HS-25); paper and paperboard (HS-48); optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus (HS-90); and furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings (HS-94).

In the case of Botswana, India’s potential items of exports would include: pearls and precious stones (HS-71); mineral fuels (HS-27); machinery and instruments (HS-84); vehicles other than railway (HS-87); electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85); articles of iron and steel (HS-73); plastics and articles (HS-39); rubber and articles (HS-40); cereals (HS-10); iron and steel (HS-72); paper and paperboard (HS-48); salt, sulphur, stone, plaster

(HS-25); furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings (HS-94); and soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes (HS-34).

In the case of Zimbabwe, potential items of India’s exports would include: mineral fuels (HS-27); vehicles other than railway (HS-87); machinery and instruments (HS-84); cereals (HS-10); animal, vegetable fats and oils (HS-15); plastics and articles (HS-39); tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes (HS-24); articles of iron and steel (HS-73); iron and steel (HS-72); paper and paperboard (HS-48); rubber and articles (HS-40); soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes (HS-34); miscellaneous chemical products (HS-38); sugars and sugar confectionery (HS-17); optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus (HS-90); inorganic chemicals (HS-28); essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toiletries (HS-33); and miscellaneous edible preparations (HS-21).

In the case of Namibia, India’s potential items of exports would include: mineral fuels (HS-27); vehicles other than railway (HS-87); machinery and instruments (HS-84); pearls and precious stones (HS-71); electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85); articles of iron and steel (HS-73); beverages, spirits and vinegar (HS-22); plastics and articles (HS-39); inorganic chemicals (HS-28); optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus (HS-90); paper and paperboard (HS-48); sugars and sugar confectionery (HS-17); copper and arti-cles (HS-74); furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings (HS-94); essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toiletries (HS-33); iron and steel (HS-72); and rubber and articles (HS-40).

In the case of Mozambique, potential items of exports would include: machinery and instruments (HS-84); aluminium and articles (HS-76); articles of iron and steel (HS-73); electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85); articles of leather (HS-42); furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings (HS-94); and essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toiletries (HS-33).



In the case of Mauritius, India’s potential export items would include: machinery and instruments (HS-84); vehicles other than railway (HS-87); pearls and precious stones (HS-71); plastics and articles (HS-39); articles of iron or steel (HS-73); iron and steel (HS-72); optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus (HS-90); furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings (HS-94); paper and paperboard (HS-48); tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes (HS-24); salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement (HS-25); animal, vegetable fats and oils (HS-15); and aluminium and articles (HS-76).

In the case of DR Congo, potential items of exports would include: machinery and instruments (HS-84); electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85); articles of iron or steel (HS-73); mineral fuels (HS-27); plastics and articles (HS-39); meat and edible meat offal (HS-02); cereals (HS-10); salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement (HS-25); iron and steel (HS-72); other made textile articles (HS-63); cotton (HS-52); rubber and articles (HS-40); furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings (HS-94); animal, vegetable fats and oils (HS-15); cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products (HS-19); and soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes (HS-34).

In the case of Madagascar, potential export commodities would include: mineral fuels (HS-27); machinery and instruments (HS-84); vehicles other than railway (HS-87); electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85); salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement (HS-25); articles of iron or steel (HS-73); animal, vegetable fats and oils (HS-15); and miscellaneous chemical products (HS-38).

In the case of Malawi, commodities which hold potential to export include: mineral fuels (HS-27);

electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85); salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement (HS-25); paper and paperboard (HS-48); soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes (HS-34); articles of iron or steel (HS-73); inorganic chemicals (HS-28); cereals (HS-10); and tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes (HS-24).

In the case of Seychelles, potential export commodities would include: fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates (HS-03); machinery and instruments (HS-84); electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85); mineral fuels (HS-27); furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings (HS-94); beverages, spirits and vinegar (HS-22); and paper and paperboard (HS-48).

In the case of Swaziland, commodities which hold potential for Indian exports would include: works of art, collectors pieces and antiques (HS-97); pearls and precious stones (HS-71); electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85); machinery and instruments (HS-84); optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus (HS-90); residues and animal fodder (HS-23); and cotton (HS-52).

In the case of Lesotho, export potential commo-dities would include: knitted or crocheted fabric (HS-60); electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85); machinery and instruments (HS-84); vehicles other than railway (HS-87); manmade staple fibres (HS-55); paper and paperboard (HS-48); plastics and articles (HS-39); and manmade filaments (HS-54).

Based on the above analysis of the identified export categories of SADC countries, potential items of exports to each country, up to the 6-digit HS code classification have been identified, and have been presented in Annexures 1 to 15.



1. Economic Profile of SADC: An Overview

Southern African Development Community (SADC), comprising Angola, Botswana, DR Congo, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe, is an integral part of the African region, accounting for 32.5% of total land area of Africa, 27.2% of total population of Africa and is the largest contributor of GDP to the African region. SADC accounts for 51.1% of nominal GDP of Sub-Saharan Africa and 32.1% of GDP of Africa in 2012. The International Monetary Fund has projected that DR Congo, Mozambique, Tanzania and Zambia are among the 10 fastest growing economies in the world.

Southern Africa is one of the world’s most mineral-rich regions. It is endowed with numerous non-renewable resources such as coal, crude

oil, natural gas and minerals. Southern Africa has huge reserves of diamonds, oil, uranium, platinum, coal and copper. For instance, South Africa has world’s largest reserves of manganese and platinum group metals (PGMs), and has large reserves of gold, diamonds, chromite ore and vanadium. Angola is the second largest oil producer in Africa and the eighth largest producer in the world. Namibia, with an estimated 11 bn barrels of oil reserves, is regarded as the next big player in Africa’s oil industry. There have been new discoveries of oil, gas and other natural resources in Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia and Tanzania. Supported by its vast unexplored reserves, Southern Africa could develop into a new frontier for the international oil industry.

Source: SADC website, www.sadc.int

SADC Member Countries



Integration Milestones

The SADC Free Trade Area (FTA) was officially launched on August 17, 2008 at Sandton, Johannesburg, South Africa during the 28th Summit of SADC Heads of State and Government, when a phased programme of tariff reductions that had commenced in 2001 resulted in the attainment of minimum conditions for the Free Trade Area, i.e., 85% of intra-regional trade amongst the partner states attained zero duty. While the minimum conditions were met, maximum tariff liberalisation was attained only by January 2012, when the tariff phase down process for sensitive products was completed.

Twelve out of the fifteen members (other than Angola, DR Congo and Seychelles) are members of the FTA. For countries falling under the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), this process was completed in January 2007. Mozambique is expected to complete the process in 2015 in respect of imports from South Africa. The ambitious plan of a better economic and regional integration is somewhat hampered by the absence of Angola, DR Congo and Seychelles in the FTA. The launch of the FTA is seen as an initial step towards trade

integration, and is expected to move the Southern African region incrementally towards establishing a customs union which was originally scheduled for 2010; a common market by 2015; a monetary union by 2016; and a regional central bank and a common currency by 2018.

In June 2011, a Tripartite Grand Free Trade Area Negotiations among the COMESA-EAC-SADC was launched, which if realize would provide a large market for the member countries. The Common Market for COMESA-EAC-SADC comprises 26 countries with a combined population of nearly 600 mn and a total GDP of approximately US$ 1.0 trillion. The main objective of the COMESA-EAC-SADC Tripartite is the strengthening and deepening of economic integration of the southern and eastern African region. This will be achieved through harmonisation of policies and programmes across the three Regional Economic Communities (RECs) in the areas of trade, customs and infrastructure development.The overlapping of country membership among the SADC, COMESA and EAC has presented certain technical challenges, as a country cannot belong to more than one customs union, unless two or more customs unions have the same Common External Tariff

Blocs 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014f

SADC 469.1 570.4 649.1 650.2 637.3 676.2

SACU 308.9 393.9 436.9 418.0 388.0 406.9

ECOWAS 273.8 343.0 373.1 403.5 441.5 483.2

COMESA 154.3 166.4 185.9 209.6 226.4 244.9

EAC 75.5 80.0 85.1 99.8 110.2 122.1

CEMAC 65.4 73.9 89.7 90.2 94.8 100.0

UEMOA 68.6 70.7 78.0 78.9 88.0 97.0

Africa 1,478.2 1,737.0 1,912.9 2,027.3 2,075.4 2,230.5

World 58,601.6 63,990.7 70,782.4 72,216.4 73,454.5 76,888.0

Table 1.1: Nominal GDP of Trading Blocs in Africa (US$ bn)

Note: e-Estimate; f-ForecastsSource: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2013, and Exim Bank Analysis



(CETs), trade policies and customs regulations and procedures.

Macro Economic Scenario in SADC

The economic growth of SADC was lower than expected in 2013 with most member countries missing targets of primary macro economic convergence programme, attributed to worsening economic performance on international front, including the financial impact of the global financial crisis, euro zone crisis and volatility in global commodity market. In 2013, estimated real GDP growth of SADC remained unchanged at 4.2%. In 2013, the combined GDP for SADC countries decreased to an estimated US$ 637.3 bn from US$ 650.2 bn in 2012 and US$ 649.1 bn in 2011. The total GDP of SADC countries are expected to touch US$ 676 bn in 2014. Per capita GDP, at current prices, of the region as a whole, was estimated at US$ 3,873 in 2013, a 4.5% increase from US$ 3,706 in 2012. GDP per capita of SADC is expected to reach over US$ 4,000 by 2014 (Table 1.2).

Rebound in global economy, particularly in emerging economies, improved commodity prices accelerated by higher external demand, and increase in grants and aids by partner countries are the major external factors supporting the positive economic prospects of the region.

Continued implementation of policy reforms by member states, especially aimed at improving the business climate, and low inflation supported by an increase in food production are the internal factors supporting SADC’s prospects in the coming years.

The economies within SADC region are at varying stages of development. For instance, in 2012, the GDP of South Africa at US$ 384.3 bn was much larger than the combined GDP of the remaining fourteen SADC countries, which stood at US$ 265.8 bn. Positive growth rates were recorded in all the member countries in 2012, except for Swaziland, accompanied by moderate inflation in most of the countries. The average consumer price inflation has decreased to 7.5% in 2012 from 8.1% in 2011 and is estimated to be more or less the same in 2013.

SADC as a bloc witnessed a widening of current account deficit from US$ 15.3 bn in 2011 to US$ 30.8 bn in 2012. All the countries in SADC region, with the exception of Angola, Swaziland and Zambia, have experienced a current account deficit. Angola experienced a current account surplus of US$ 10.6 bn in 2012. Total international reserves of SADC stood at an estimated US$ 111.8 bn in 2012, with import cover of over 7 months. Table 1.3 presents macro economic snapshot of SADC member countries for 2012.

Table 1.2: Select Macro Economic Indicators of SADC (2009-14)

Items 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013e 2014f

Nominal GDP (US$ bn) 469.1 570.4 649.1 650.2 637.3 676.2

Real GDP Growth 2.4 5.6 5.2 4.2 4.2 5.1

GDP Per capita (US$) 2,859.9 3,362.8 3,766.2 3,705.5 3,873.1 4,061.1

Consumer Price Inflation (avg, %) 12.3 7.3 8.1 7.5 7.5 6.0

Population (mn) 269.5 275.5 281.6 288.1 295.1 302.2

Current Account Balance (US$ bn) -28.6 -12.4 -15.3 -30.8 -32.1 -37.9

International Reserves (US$ bn) 79.1 89.4 104.0 111.8 118.6 119.5

Note: e-Estimate; f-ForecastsSource: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2013, and Exim Bank Analysis



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Reflecting the increasing globalization of the economies in SADC region, SADC’s global trade has witnessed a significant upward trend in recent years. During the period 2001 to 2012, SADC’s total trade1 have risen almost 5-fold, from US$ 88.7 bn in 2001 to US$ 395.5 bn in 2012, growing at a compound annual growth rate of 13.4% over the period. This upward trend has been underlined by favourable growth performance of both SADC’s exports and imports (Table 2.1 & Chart 2.1).

2. Recent Trends in SADC’s International Trade

In the case of exports, SADC’s total exports have risen from US$ 45.5 bn in 2001 to US$ 174.3 bn in 2008. After registering a decline in 2009, following a global economic crisis, SADC’s exports rebounded thereafter to reach US$ 206.6 bn in 2012. The increase in exports in 2012 is driven by higher exports of Angola.

As regards imports, SADC’s total imports have also witnessed a continuous growth, with the exception

Chart 2.1: SADC’s Foreign Trade, 2001-2012 (US$ bn)

1Total trade is defined as exports plus imports.




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of a contraction in 2009. In 2012, SADC’s total imports rose more than 4-fold to US$ 188.9 bn, up from US$ 43.2 bn in 2001.

SADC generally maintains a trade surplus, which has risen from US$ 2.2 bn in 2001 to US$ 17.6 bn in 2012.

SADC – Major Exporters & Importers

Among the countries in SADC, the largest exporters are South Africa and Angola, together accounting for 78% of SADC’s total exports in 2012. Other important exporters from SADC include Zambia, Botswana, Tanzania and Namibia (Table 2.2).

As regards imports, the leading importers in SADC are South Africa and Angola, together accounting for 64.7% of SADC’s total imports in 2012 (Table 2.3).

SADC – Major Export Items

Reflecting the significant rise in exports of petroleum crude from SADC, mineral fuels are the largest export items from SADC, accounting for as much as 40% of SADC’s total exports in 2012. Other major items of exports from SADC include: pearls & precious stones, ores & slag, copper & articles, vehicles, iron & steel, and machinery (Table 2.4).

Country 2012 % share

SADC’s total exports 2,06,591 100.0

South Africa 86,712 42.0

Angola 74,297 36.0

Zambia 9,524 4.6

Botswana 5,971 2.9

Tanzania 5,547 2.7

Namibia 5,377 2.6

DR Congo 5,046 2.4

Zimbabwe 3,882 1.9

Mozambique 3,470 1.7

Mauritius 2,258 1.1

Madagascar 1,225 0.6

Malawi 1,218 0.6

Swaziland 934 0.5

Lesotho 652 0.3

Seychelles 477 0.2

Table 2.2: SADC- Major Exporters, 2012 (US$ mn)



SADC’s total imports 1,88,949 100.0

South Africa 1,01,611 53.8

Angola 20,566 10.9

Tanzania 11,716 6.2

Zambia 8,939 4.7

Botswana 8,025 4.2

Zimbabwe 7,363 3.9

Namibia 7,132 3.8

Mozambique 6,177 3.3

Mauritius 5,772 3.1

DR Congo 5,248 2.8

Madagascar 2,659 1.4

Malawi 2,461 1.3

Seychelles 674 0.4

Swaziland 343 0.2

Lesotho 265 0.1

Table 2.3: SADC- Major Importers, 2012 (US$ mn)




HS Code Commodities 2012 % share

SADC’s total exports 2,06,591 100.0

27 Mineral fuels, oil and distillation products 83,114 40.2

71 Pearls and precious stones 30,348 14.7

26 Ores, slag and ash 15,858 7.7

74 Copper and articles 10,040 4.9

87 Vehicles other than railway 7,964 3.9

72 Iron and steel 7,042 3.4

84 Machinery and instruments 6,907 3.3

76 Aluminium and articles 2,891 1.4

08 Edible fruit and nuts 2,651 1.3

24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 2,323 1.1

89 Ships, boats and other floating structures 2,156 1.0

85 Electrical and, electronic equipment 2,058 1.0

03 Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates 1,618 0.8

73 Articles of iron or steel 1,501 0.7

22 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 1,440 0.7

28 Inorganic chemicals 1,403 0.7

39 Plastics and articles 1,395 0.7

29 Organic chemicals 1,393 0.7

17 Sugars and sugar confectionery 1,206 0.6

38 Miscellaneous chemical products 1,143 0.6

75 Nickel and articles 1,002 0.5

61 Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet 967 0.5

10 Cereals 961 0.5

81 Other base metals, cermets, articles 927 0.4

25 Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement 902 0.4

90 Optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus 814 0.4

44 Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal 803 0.4

16 Meat, fish and seafood food preparations 766 0.4

62 Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet 737 0.4

52 Cotton 728 0.4

Table 2.4: SADC’s Major Export Items, 2012 (US$ mn)




SADC’s Crude Petroleum Exports

SADC’s exports of crude petroleum have risen from US$ 6.1 bn in 2001 to as much as US$ 71.1 bn in 2012, with a resultant rise in share in Africa’s global crude petroleum exports from 17.1% in 2001 to 23.9% in 2012. Angola, a SADC member, is the eighth largest global exporter of crude oil, accounting for 4.2% of total global crude oil exports in 2012.

Table 2.5: Global Exporters of Crude Petroleum, 2012

Country US$ bn Share in World Exports (%)

World Exports 1,671 100.0

Saudi Arabia 300 18.0

Russia 181 10.8

UAE 101 6.1

Nigeria 99 5.9

Iraq 91 5.4

Kuwait 82 4.9

Canada 74 4.5

Angola 70 4.2

Venezuela 65 3.9

Kazakhstan 56 3.4

Norway 55 3.3

Iran 53 3.2

Libya 51 3.1

Mexico 47 2.8


SADC – Major Import Items

In contrast to SADC’s export basket which is dominated by crude oil, SADC’s import basket is relatively diversified. Mineral fuels and machinery are the two largest import items, followed by vehicles, electronic & electrical equipment,

plastics and articles, articles of iron or steel, and pharmaceutical products (Table 2.6).

Table 2.6: SADC’s Major Import Items, 2012 (US$ mn)

HS Code Commodities 2012 %

share

SADC’s total imports 1,88,949 100.0

27 Mineral fuels 36,397 19.3

84 Machinery and instruments 26,057 13.8

87 Vehicles other than railway 17,260 9.1

85 Electrical and electronic equipment 14,991 7.9

39 Plastics and articles 4,963 2.6

73 Articles of iron or steel 4,897 2.6

30 Pharmaceutical products 4,183 2.2

71 Pearls and precious stones 3,658 1.9

90 Optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus 3,473 1.8

72 Iron and steel 3,331 1.8

10 Cereals 3,151 1.7

40 Rubber and articles 2,695 1.4

15 Animal, vegetable fats and oils 2,428 1.3

38 Miscellaneous chemical products 2,401 1.3

31 Fertilizers 2,164 1.1

94 Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings 2,144 1.1

48 Paper and paperboard 2,041 1.1

29 Organic chemicals 2,028 1.1

28 Inorganic chemicals 1,986 1.1

02 Meat and edible meat offal 1,769 0.9

26 Ores, slag and ash 1,761 0.9


While SADC is emerging as a major exporter of crude petroleum, as analyzed in the preceding paragraphs, large imports of petroleum products by the major importers in SADC have resulted in mineral fuels being the largest import category of SADC. These products include: large



Rank-ings 2001 US$ bn %

share 2005 % share 2011 %

share 2012 US$ bn % share

SADC’s total exports 45.5 100.0 SADC’s total

exports 100.0 SADC’s total exports 100.0 SADC’s total

exports 206.6 100.0

1 USA 9.2 20.3 USA 19.1 China 31.5 China 86.4 41.8

2 UK 7.1 15.7 China 12.3 USA 12.6 USA 20.5 9.9

3 Germany 3.4 7.6 UK 12.2 India 7.8 India 17.5 8.5

4 Japan 3.2 7.1 Japan 6.8 UK 5.1 UK 16.2 7.8

5 Belgium 2.9 6.3 Germany 5.7 Germany 5.0 Japan 7.3 3.5

6 France 2.4 5.3 France 4.7 Japan 4.4 Germany 7.2 3.5

7 Italy 2.2 4.9 Italy 4.2 Chinese Taipei 3.6 Chinese Taipei 6.6 3.2

8 China 2.1 4.6 Belgium 4.0 Italy 3.1 Hong Kong 6.1 3.0

9 India 1.5 3.4 Spain 3.3 Zimbabwe 2.8 Botswana 5.6 2.7

10 Botswana 1.5 3.2 India 3.3 Namibia 2.5 South Africa 5.4 2.6

11 Netherlands 1.4 3.0 Botswana 3.1 Belgium 2.5 Belgium 5.4 2.6

12 Namibia 1.3 3.0 Namibia 2.4 Botswana 2.4 Namibia 5.3 2.6

13 Spain 1.3 2.9 Chinese Taipei 2.3 France 2.1 Italy 4.5 2.2

14 Chinese Taipei 1.2 2.6 Netherlands 2.3 South Africa 2.1 Zimbabwe 4.0 1.9

15 Zimbabwe 1.1 2.3 South Africa 1.8 Zambia 2.0 France 3.6 1.7

Table 2.7: SADC’s Major Export Destinations, 2001-2012


volumes of petroleum oils (not crude–HS 2710) imported by South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe and Mozambique; petroleum gases (HS-2711) imported by South Africa, Tanzania and Mauritius; and petroleum coke (HS-2713) imported by South Africa, Angola and Tanzania.

SADC – Major Export Markets

While western developed countries such as USA, UK, Germany, Italy, and Belgium continue to be major destinations for SADC’s exports, developing countries such as China and India have emerged as major export destinations in recent years. In fact, in 2012, China and India have emerged as

the first and third largest destinations for SADC’s global exports, accounting for 41.8% and 8.5%, respectively, of SADC’s total exports (Table 2.7)

SADC – Major Import Sources

As in the case with SADC’s export destinations, while western countries such as Germany, USA, UK and France remain major sources for SADC’s global imports, China has emerged as the leading supplier to SADC, accounting for as much as 14.1% of SADC’s total imports in 2012. India is the fifth largest source of SADC’s imports, with an increase in share from 1.7% in 2001 to 5.1% in 2012 (Table 2.8).



Table 2.8: SADC’s Major Import Sources, 2001-2012

Rank-ings 2001 US$ bn %

share 2005 % share 2011 % share 2012 US$ bn %

share

SADC’s total imports 43.2 100.0 SADC’s total

imports 100.0 SADC’s total imports 100.0 SADC’s total

imports 188.9 100.0

1 Germany 4.3 10.0 Germany 10.2 China 12.4 China 26.5 14.1

2 USA 3.9 9.1 USA 6.1 Germany 7.5 Germany 13.1 6.9

3 South Africa 3.0 7.0 China 6.1 South Africa 5.9 South Africa 12.1 6.4

4 UK 2.8 6.4 South Africa 5.7 USA 5.6 USA 10.6 5.6

5 France 1.9 4.3 UK 5.1 India 5.2 India 9.7 5.1

6 Japan 1.8 4.1 Japan 4.2 UK 3.8 UK 7.2 3.8

7 China 1.5 3.5 France 4.1 France 3.0 Nigeria 6.2 3.3

8 Italy 1.3 3.0 Saudi Arabia 4.0 Japan 2.9 Japan 5.2 2.8

9 Korea Rep. 1.2 2.8 Korea Rep. 3.4 Portugal 2.0 France 4.7 2.5

10 Netherlands 1.0 2.3 India 2.6 Belgium 1.9 Ghana 4.6 2.4

11 Belgium 0.9 2.2 Italy 2.4 Netherlands 1.9 Portugal 4.4 2.3

12 Australia 0.9 2.1 Brazil 2.3 Nigeria 1.8 Netherlands 3.9 2.1

13 Hong Kong 0.8 1.7 Netherlands 2.2 Italy 1.8 Belgium 3.8 2.0

14 India 0.7 1.7 Australia 2.1 Ghana 1.7 Thailand 3.5 1.9

15 Chinese Taipei 0.6 1.5 Belgium 2.0 Brazil 1.7 Brazil 3.3 1.7




With the increasing diversification of India’s global trade towards other developing countries, SADC has emerged as an important partner for India, both as an export destination as also an import source. This is reflected in the synergy in bilateral trade relations wherein India’s total trade with SADC has risen almost 12-fold, from US$ 2.3 bn in 2001 to touch US$ 27.1 bn in 2012 (Chart 3.1 & Table 3.1).

3. Recent Trends in Indo-SADC Trade Relations

Items 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

India’s total exports to SADC 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.6 2.3 3.6 4.6 6.3 4.7 7.1 9.4 9.7

% Growth - 26.1 21.2 44.8 43.7 51.4 30.6 34.8 -25.3 51.2 33.3 2.5% Share in SADC’s Global Imports 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.6 3.2 3.6 4.0 3.8 4.8 5.2 5.1

India’s total imports from SADC 1.5 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.9 3.1 4.5 7.5 9.2 12.4 16.1 17.5

% Growth - 37.2 1.5 -4.6 44.3 4.9 44.4 67.7 23.5 34.9 29.3 8.6 % Share in SADC’s Global Exports 3.4 4.6 3.8 2.8 3.3 2.7 3.3 4.3 7.5 7.6 7.8 8.5

Total Trade 2.3 3.0 3.3 3.7 5.3 6.6 9.1 13.7 13.9 19.5 25.5 27.1

Trade Balance -0.8 -1.2 -1.0 -0.4 -0.6 0.5 0.2 -1.2 -4.5 -5.4 -6.7 -7.8

Underlying the robust trend in total trade has been the significant rise in both India’s exports to as also India’s imports from SADC. While India’s total exports to SADC has risen from US$ 0.7 bn in 2001 to US$ 9.7 bn in 2012, India’s total imports from SADC have also risen from US$ 1.5 bn to US$ 17.5 bn. India generally maintains a trade deficit with SADC region, which has risen from US$ 0.8 bn in 2001 to touch US$ 7.8 bn in 2012.

Table 3.1: India’s Trade with SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ bn)




The increasing importance of India as SADC’s trading partner can be assessed from the fact that India’s exports to SADC accounts for a respectable 5.1% of SADC’s global imports in 2012, up from 1.7% in 2001. Further, India’s imports from SADC now accounts for around 9% of SADC’s total exports, up from 3.4% in 2001, depicting the rising importance of India in SADC’s trade configuration.

The importance of the SADC region can also be gauged from the fact that the region accounted for 35.3% of India’s total exports to Africa during 2012, up from 26.2% recorded in 2001. India’s total imports from SADC region, as a percentage share of India’s total imports from Africa, accounted for 40.6% in 2012.

Chart 3.1: India’s Trade with SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ bn)

Note: Imports data from 2006 include oil importsSource: ITC Geneva, and Exim Bank Analysis

There is also a rise in the importance of SADC in India’s global trade configuration. From a share of 1.7% in India’s global exports in 2001, SADC now accounts for 3.3% of India’s total exports. At the same time, the region’s share in India’s global imports has also risen, albeit, at a lower rate, from 3% in 2001 to 3.6% in 2012.

India’s Major Export Items to SADC

Table 3.2 presents trends in India’s major export items to SADC. As can be seen from the table, mineral fuels and vehicles are the largest items in India’s export basket to SADC, with a combined share of 49% of India’s total exports to SADC in 2012. Other important items of India’s exports to SADC would include pharmaceuticals, electrical & electronic equipment, cereals, machinery, plastics and articles, and iron and steel.



Table 3.2: India’s Major Export Items to SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn)

HS Code Commodities 2001 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

India’s total exports to SADC 738 2,345 4,638 6,251 4,670 7,062 9,415 9,651

27 Mineral fuels, oils and distillation products 1 501 1,908 2,895 1,685 2,295 4,027 3,384

87 Vehicles other than railway 48 328 311 374 315 679 1,010 1,333

30 Pharmaceutical products 40 150 270 426 447 602 741 865

85 Electrical and electronic equipment 32 50 108 141 302 251 395 440

10 Cereals 26 134 140 66 26 33 131 375

84 Machinery and instruments 36 111 180 263 212 265 347 374

39 Plastics and articles 15 53 110 123 129 139 204 227

72 Iron and steel 32 108 137 192 113 161 222 196

73 Articles of iron or steel 21 47 68 109 77 125 187 181

29 Organic chemicals 14 59 69 99 84 89 136 163

52 Cotton 131 121 110 105 83 113 147 140

62 Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet 44 61 77 96 81 92 112 116

17 Sugars and sugar confectionery 1 2 25 32 10 15 58 114

40 Rubber and articles 14 33 42 60 42 56 84 103

63 Other made textile articles 17 40 40 44 75 75 98 103

02 Meat and edible meat offal 13 52 86 90 61 66 78 101

71 Pearls and precious stones 16 25 34 82 57 58 109 97

61 Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet 8 15 34 44 82 59 91 92

55 Manmade staple fibres 22 22 41 43 38 45 75 69

54 Manmade filaments 18 38 37 55 66 75 78 60

Source: ITC Geneva



India’s Exports of Petroleum oils – not crude (HS-2710) – SADC is increasingly emerging as an important destination for India’s exports of petroleum oils – not crude (HS-2710). During the period 2005-2012, while India’s global exports of petroleum oils – not crude rose more than 5-fold, from US$ 10.1 bn to US$ 52.8 bn, India’s exports to SADC rose more than 8-fold, from US$ 486 mn to US$ 3.4 bn, with the major markets being South Africa, Tanzania, Mozambique and Mauritius. In fact, these countries are also India’s major destinations for petroleum oils – not crude exports to Africa. SADC currently, accounts for 6.4% of

Country 2005 2010 2011 2012Share in India’s Ex-ports to World (%),

2012

India’s total exports 10,097 36,641 54,611 52,764 100.0

India’s total exports to Africa 764 4,060 5,097 6,210 11.8

India’s total exports to SADC 486 2,269 3,974 3,361 6.4

South Africa 366 740 1,522 1,796 3.4

Tanzania 28 538 1,019 712 1.4

Mozambique 0.01 233 196 459 0.9

Mauritius 92 416 1,089 389 0.7

DR Congo - 0.1 0.2 2 -

Madagascar 1 0.04 0.2 1 -

Namibia - 0.3 0.1 0.3 -

Angola - 339 146 0.1 -

Zambia - 0.1 0.2 0.03 -

Malawi - 0.02 0.04 0.03 -

Zimbabwe - 2 1 0.02 -

Seychelles - 0.05 - - -

Table 3.3: India’s Exports of Petroleum Oils – not crude (HS-2710) to SADC, 2005-2012 (US$ mn)

Note: ‘-’ denotes nil or negligibleSource: ITC Geneva, and Exim Bank Analysis

India’s global exports and 54% of India’s exports to Africa of petroleum oils – not crude (Table 3.3).

India’s Exports of Vehicles – SADC is a major destination for India’s exports of vehicles, accounting for a respectable 10.9% of India’s exports in 2012. South Africa is the leading market in SADC as well as in Africa, followed by Angola, Tanzania and Mozambique. In recent years, other countries in SADC including DR Congo, Zambia, Malawi and Mauritius are emerging as important export markets for India (Table 3.4).



Table 3.4: India’s Exports of Vehicles (HS-87) to SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn)


Country 2001 2005 2010 2011 2012

Share in India’s

Exports to World (%),

2012

India’s total exports 872 3,205 9,286 10,281 12,200 100.0

India’s total exports to Africa 180 695 1,871 2,302 3,020 24.8

India’s total exports to SADC 48 328 679 1,010 1,333 10.9

South Africa 16 254 467 691 975 8.0

Angola 1 4 53 96 156 1.3

Tanzania 8 21 81 69 80 0.7

Mozambique 7 9 30 41 35 0.3

DR Congo 1 0.1 0.1 0.01 24 0.2

Zambia 5 13 9 13 19 0.2

Malawi 4 8 8 16 12 0.1

Mauritius 3 8 6 8 12 0.1

Namibia 0.3 3 10 7 9 0.1

Zimbabwe 1 1 2 5 4 0.03

Madagascar 2 2 1 2 3 0.03

Seychelles 1 1 11 4 3 0.03

Botswana 0.2 1 1 1 1 0.01

Lesotho - 3 - 0.01 0.1 -

Swaziland 0.01 - 0.01 56 0.04 -



India’s Exports of Pharmaceuticals – SADC

is an important market for India’s exports of

pharmaceuticals. This can be assessed from the

fact that India’s exports to SADC have risen from

US$ 40 mn in 2001 to touch US$ 865 mn in 2012,

accounting for as much as 9% of India’s global

exports. The largest markets are South Africa,

Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and

Angola (Table 3.5).

India’s Exports of Electrical & Electronic Equipment – Electrical & electronic equipment are the fourth largest items in India’s exports basket to SADC, accounting for 4.1% of India’s total exports in 2012. Exports of these products to SADC have risen from US$ 32 mn in 2001 to reach US$ 440 mn in 2012. South Africa and Tanzania are the major markets, accounting for the bulk (68%) of India’s exports to SADC (Table 3.6). However, in recent years, other countries in SADC including Angola, Zambia, Mauritius and Zimbabwe are also emerging as important export markets.

Country 2001 2005 2010 2011 2012

Share in India’s

Exports to World (%),

2012

India’s total exports 1,047 2,346 6,096 8,260 9,602 100.0


India’s total exports to SADC 40 150 602 741 865 9.0

South Africa 13 48 254 318 320 3.3

Tanzania 6 20 74 91 113 1.2

Zambia 3 19 40 57 66 0.7

Zimbabwe 3 8 34 46 58 0.6

Mozambique 2 6 43 44 55 0.6

Angola 4 16 28 47 53 0.6

Malawi 2 10 30 39 46 0.5

DR Congo 1 0.3 2 5 36 0.4

Mauritius 5 8 32 29 31 0.3

Botswana 0.1 2 19 15 28 0.3

Namibia 0.3 5 15 24 19 0.2

Swaziland 0.1 0.3 12 6 15 0.2

Lesotho 0.04 1 10 7 12 0.1

Madagascar 1 5 9 13 11 0.1

Seychelles 0.2 1 1 1 2 0.02

Table 3.5: India’s Exports of Pharmaceuticals (HS-30) to SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn)




Country 2001 2005 2010 2011 2012Share in India’s

Exports to World (%), 2012




South Africa 9 29 143 218 252 2.3

Tanzania 2 6 23 54 46 0.4

Angola 0.1 2 9 21 32 0.3

Zambia 2 2 4 16 29 0.3

Mauritius 15 5 25 14 27 0.2

Zimbabwe 0.2 0.4 16 43 23 0.2

Mozambique - 1 6 9 12 0.1

Madagascar 0.5 0.5 2 4 6 0.1

Namibia 3 0.2 15 8 5 0.04

DR Congo 0.01 0.02 0.5 0.1 2.9 0.03

Malawi 0.1 1.5 3.4 3.7 2.2 0.02

Botswana 0.1 0.6 0.9 1.5 2.1 0.02

Seychelles 0.1 0.5 0.7 1 1 0.01

Swaziland 0.1 0.3 3.2 1.1 0.4 -

Lesotho - - 0.1 0.6 0.02 -

Table 3.6: India’s Exports of Electrical & Electronic Equipment (HS-85) to SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn)




India’s Exports of Cereals – India’s exports of cereals to SADC have risen significantly from US$ 26 mn in 2001 to touch US$ 375 mn in 2012, with a share of 4.3% of India’s total exports. While the largest markets are South Africa and Tanzania, other countries such as Mozambique, Mauritius and Madagascar are also increasingly importing cereals from India (Table 3.7).



India’s total exports 900 1,915 2,924 5,371 8,729 100.0

India’s total exports to Africa 94 583 90 634 2,267 26.0


South Africa 21 104 13 68 163 1.9

Tanzania 1 1 1 5 77 0.9

Mozambique 1 15 0.04 9 45 0.5

Mauritius 1 6 15 28 36 0.4

Madagascar - 4 0.03 10 30 0.3

Angola - 0.2 0.2 3 11 0.1

Seychelles 2 4 4 4 4 0.05

DR Congo - - 0.3 - 4 0.05

Namibia - 0.1 0.3 1 3 0.03

Zimbabwe 0.02 - - 2 2 0.02

Botswana - 0.04 0.1 0.2 0.4 -

Zambia - 0.01 - 1 0.3 -

Malawi - - 0.03 0.01 0.1 -

Swaziland 0.02 - 0.01 0.01 0.05 -

Table 3.7: India’s Exports of Cereals (HS-10) to SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn)


India’s Exports of Machinery – India’s exports of machinery to SADC have risen significantly from US$ 36 mn in 2001 to touch US$ 374 mn in 2012, with a share of 3.4% of India’s total exports. While the largest markets are South Africa and Tanzania, other countries such as Zambia, Mozambique and Angola are also increasingly importing machinery from India (Table 3.8).



Table 3.8: India’s Exports of Machinery (HS-84) to SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn)







South Africa 16 41 119 152 144 1.3

Tanzania 7 34 75 69 87 0.8

Zambia 3 9 14 33 34 0.3

Mozambique 0.5 5 18.4 26 31 0.3

Angola 2 4 10 6 29 0.3

Malawi 2 7 8 35 16 0.1

Zimbabwe 1 3 6 8 11 0.1

DR Congo 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.2 6.8 0.06

Mauritius 2 4 8 7 6 0.05

Botswana 0.3 1 2.2 2 3.9 0.04

Madagascar 1 1 2 2 2 0.02

Namibia 1 1 2 4 2 0.02

Seychelles 0.2 1 1.1 3 1.2 0.01

Swaziland 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 -

Lesotho - 1 0.05 0.2 0.04 -



India’s Major Export Destinations in SADC

South Africa is India’s largest export destination in SADC, accounting for around 52% of India’s total exports to the region in 2012, up from 44% in 2001 (Table 3.9). Other major export markets in SADC include Tanzania, Mozambique, Mauritius and Angola.

The importance of South Africa can be assessed from the fact that it is the leading market in Africa and in SADC for India’s exports of vehicles,

pharmaceuticals, marine products, inorganic and organic chemicals, and a major market for petroleum oils, electrical equipment, cereals and machinery. All these items are among India’s major export items to SADC as well as to Africa. South Africa is also an important market for India’s exports of organic chemicals, articles of iron and steel, and plastics and articles.

Tanzania, India’s second largest export market in SADC with a share of 16.6%, is also the second largest market for Indian exports of fertilizers to

Country 2001%

share, 2001

2005%

share, 2005

2010%

share, 2010

2012%

share, 2012

India’s total exports 43,878 1,00,353 2,20,408 2,89,565

India’s total exports to Africa 2,810 6,734 17,887 27,315

India’s total exports to SADC 738 100.0 2,345 100.0 7,062 100.0 9,651 100.0

South Africa 327 44.3 1,404 59.9 3,650 51.7 4,973 51.5

Tanzania 89 12.1 229 9.8 1,122 15.9 1,602 16.6

Mozambique 31 4.2 112 4.8 495 7.0 888 9.2

Mauritius 169 22.9 256 10.9 680 9.6 672 7.0

Angola 25 3.3 103 4.4 597 8.5 535 5.5

Zambia 25 3.4 68 2.9 98 1.4 233 2.4

Madagascar 13 1.8 46 2.0 64 0.9 156 1.6

Zimbabwe 11 1.5 22 0.9 79 1.1 133 1.4

Malawi 22 2.9 45 1.9 92 1.3 131 1.4

DR Congo 4 0.5 3 0.1 11 0.2 121 1.3

Namibia 10 1.4 14 0.6 64 0.9 57 0.6

Botswana 5 0.7 12 0.5 34 0.5 54 0.6

Swaziland 1 0.2 4 0.2 27 0.4 47 0.5

Seychelles 6 0.8 11 0.5 29 0.4 31 0.3

Lesotho 0.1 0.02 16 0.7 18 0.3 18 0.2

Table 3.9: India’s Exports to SADC - Major Markets, 2001-2012 (US$ mn)




Africa, and a major destination of India’s exports of petroleum oils, pharmaceuticals, machinery, inorganic chemicals, ores slag and ash, sugars and sugar confectionery, plastics and articles, rubber and articles, apparels, ceramic products, iron & steel, vehicles, and electrical equipment.

Mozambique, the third largest export market of India in SADC, is the largest market for Indian exports of fertilizers in Africa, and the country is a major market in SADC for India’s exports of petroleum oils, inorganic chemicals, cotton, and aluminium & articles.

As regards Mauritius, the country is a major destination in SADC for India’s exports of petroleum oils, meat and edible meat offal, marine products, edible vegetables, petroleum oils, silk, cotton, pearls & precious stones, cereals, electrical equipment, and articles of apparel & accessories.

Angola is the largest destination in SADC for India’s exports of meat and edible meat offal, and a major destination for India’s exports of dairy products, beverages, spirits and vinegar, vehicles, pharmaceuticals, and electrical and electronic equipments.

India’s Major Import Items from SADC

Table 3.10 presents the major items in India’s import basket from SADC, as per 2-digit HS code. Reflecting the increased importance of SADC region as a source for India’s crude oil imports, minerals fuels (HS-27) are the largest items in

India’s import basket from SADC, accounting for as much as 56% of India’s total imports from SADC in 2012.

As regards pearls and precious stones, the second largest items of India’s imports from SADC, the region is a major source for India’s imports of unwrought gold or semi-manufactured gold. In 2012, pearls and precious stones accounted for around 28% of India’s total imports from SADC.

Other important items of imports from SADC include: iron & steel, ores & slag, copper & articles, edible vegetables and certain roots, edible fruits & nuts, aluminium & articles, and machinery.

Imports of Crude Petroleum (HS-2709) – India’s imports of crude petroleum from SADC have risen from US$ 180 mn in 2006 to touch US$ 8 bn in 2012, and accounted for as much as 5.3% of India’s global imports. Angola was the sole source of India’s imports of crude petroleum from SADC, and the country accounts for 29% of India’s total imports from Africa (Table 3.11). Angola is the eighth largest source of India’s imports of crude petroleum globally and is the second largest source from Africa.

Imports of Pearls and Precious Stones – Under this category, SADC accounts for around 6% of India’s global imports. South Africa is the largest source in SADC as well as in Africa, accounting for as much as 95% of India’s imports from Africa. Other suppliers under this category include Tanzania, Botswana, Swaziland and Zambia (Table 3.12).



HS Code Commodities 2001 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

India’s total imports from SADC 1,533 2,940 4,452 7,466 9,217 12,434 16,082 17,470

27 Mineral fuels, oils and distillation products 121 192 1,546 2,328 4,706 6,259 7,414 9,863

71 Pearls and precious stones 1,001 1,907 1,746 2,909 2,889 4,375 6,377 4,890

72 Iron and steel 46 230 186 314 211 283 500 730

26 Ores, slag and ash 14 17 175 454 358 376 262 400

74 Copper and articles 16 17 32 16 35 28 112 291

07 Edible vegetables and certain roots 15 30 53 79 180 203 136 184

08 Edible fruit and nuts 51 73 51 101 79 158 170 177

76 Aluminium and articles 7 19 119 149 74 80 110 119

28 Inorganic chemicals 100 174 220 664 266 190 243 114

84 Machinery 13 30 25 44 35 72 120 86

29 Organic chemicals 16 45 62 66 54 69 82 84

52 Cotton 20 7 2 40 39 3 2 80

09 Coffee, tea, mate and spices 3 10 20 9 25 13 33 68

47 Pulp of wood, fibrous cellulosic material 16 40 44 45 31 35 73 66

51 Wool, horsehair yarn and fabric 2 6 15 19 17 32 32 37

75 Nickel and articles 11 8 33 19 11 20 32 25

85 Electrical and electronic equipment 12 25 23 34 21 18 42 18

25 Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement 20 16 17 11 7 7 16 18

24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes - 1 - 3 2 4 5 17

70 Glass and glassware - 1 1 1 1 10 16 16

Table 3.10: India’s Major Import Items from SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn)

Note: ‘-’ denotes nil or negligibleSource: ITC Geneva



Table 3.11: India’s Imports of Crude Petroleum (HS-2709) from SADC, 2006-2012 (US$ mn)

Country 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Share in India’s Imports

from World, 2012 (%)

India’s total imports 47,588 54,059 86,583 64,899 88,611 1,22,126 1,48,757 100.0

India’s imports from Africa 6,760 10,547 14,347 12,458 20,550 23,925 27,273 18.3

India’s imports from SADC 180 916 1,376 3,518 4,864 5,945 7,951 5.3

Angola 180 916 1,280 3,390 4,821 5,945 7,951 5.3

DR Congo - - 96 129 - - - -

Swaziland - - - - 44 - - -


Table 3.12: India’s Imports of Pearls & Precious Stones (HS-71) from SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn)

Country 2001 2005 2010 2012Share in India’s

imports from World, 2012 (%)

Share in India’s Imports from

Africa, 2012 (%)

India’s total imports 9,688 23,323 68,630 81,576 100.0 -

India’s imports from Africa 1,010 1,914 4,382 4,900 6.0 100.0

India’s imports from SADC 1,001 1,907 4,375 4,890 6.0 99.8

South Africa 973 1,877 4,286 4,644 5.7 94.8

Tanzania 17 7 10 106 0.1 2.2

Botswana - - 26 63 0.1 1.3

Swaziland - 4 39 52 0.1 1.1

Zambia 11 18 11 16 0.02 0.3

Mauritius - 0.03 1 7 0.01 0.2

Madagascar 0.04 1.3 1 1 - 0.03

Mozambique 0.02 0.01 0.3 0.2 - -

Malawi - - 0.1 0.02 - -

Namibia - - 0.2 0.01 - -




Bulk of the items being imported by India from

SADC under this category is unwrought gold or

gold in semi-manufactured forms (HS-7108) and

unmounted diamonds (HS-7102) (Table 3.13).

HS Code Commodities 2012 % share

India’s total imports 81,576

India’s imports from SADC 4,890 100.0

7108 Gold unwrought or in semi manufactured forms 4,721 96.6

7102 Diamonds, not mounted or set 113 2.3

7103 Precious & semi-precious stone, not strung 28 0.6

7110 Platinum, unwrought or in semi manufactured forms 19 0.4

7106 Silver, unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms 7 0.1

7113 Articles of jewellery & parts 2 0.03

7104 Synthetic/ reconstructed, precious/ semi-precious stones, not strung/mounted/set 0.4 0.01

7105 Dust & powder of precious or semi-precious stones 0.2 -

Table 3.13: India’s Imports of Pearls & Precious Stones (HS-71) - Major Items, 2012 (US$ mn)


South Africa is the third leading source for India’s imports of unwrought gold, after Switzerland and UAE, with a share of 8.7% of India’s total imports in 2012 (Table 3.14). Tanzania and Swaziland are other major import sources.

Table 3.14: India’s Imports of Unwrought Gold (HS-7108) - Major Partners, 2012

Country 2012 Share in India’s Imports from World (%)

India’s total imports 52,607 100.0

Switzerland 26,172 49.8

UAE 9,578 18.2


USA 3,155 6.0

Australia 3,138 6.0

China 1,050 2.0




In the case of unmounted diamonds (HS-7102), the main suppliers from SADC as well as Africa are Botswana, South Africa and Mauritius (Table 3.15).

India’s Major Import Markets in SADC

Table 3.16 lists the major import partners for India in SADC region. South Africa is the largest import source, followed by Angola, Tanzania, Zambia and Mozambique.

Angola is an important source for India’s global imports of crude petroleum. South Africa is a major supplier to India of unwrought gold, unmounted diamonds, ores & slag, nickel etc. Tanzania is the 5th largest global source of India’s imports of cotton in 2012. Madagascar is the 4th largest source of India’s global imports of coffee, tea, mate and spices, and 5th largest source of India’s total imports of cocoa beans in 2012. Zambia is the 3rd largest source of India’s global imports of copper and articles, accounting for 9% of India’s

Country 2012 Share in India’s Imports from World (%)

India’s total imports 20,882 100.0

India’s imports from Africa 118 0.6

India’s imports from SADC 113 0.5

Botswana 63 0.3

South Africa 42 0.2

Mauritius 7 0.03

Congo Republic 3 0.01

Ghana 2 0.01

Swaziland 1.5 0.01

Tanzania 0.4 -

Table 3.15: India’s Imports of Unmounted Diamonds (HS-7102) from Africa, 2012


total imports in 2012, and 73% of India’s imports from Africa.

India’s Trade Balance with SADC Countries

Underlying the robust trend in bilateral trade between India and SADC countries, which has risen from US$ 2.3 bn 2001 to as much as US$ 27.1 bn in 2012, has been the rising trend in India’s trade deficit with SADC. India’s trade deficit with SADC has risen from US$ 0.8 bn in 2001 to touch US$ 7.8 bn in 2012 (Table 3.17).

Amongst the major trade partners with which India’s maintains a trade deficit, the largest countries are Angola and South Africa. In the case of Angola, large and rising volume of crude petroleum imports from the country have underlined India’s rising trade deficit with Angola. In the case of South Africa, India’s large and rising imports of unwrought gold, together with imports of unmounted diamonds from the country, have underlined India’s huge trade deficit with South Africa.



Table 3.16: India’s Imports from SADC-Major Partners, 2001-2012 (US$ mn)

Country 2001%

share, 2001

2005%

share, 2005

2010%

share, 2010

2012%

share, 2012

India’s total imports 50,671 1,40,862 3,50,029 4,88,976

India’s imports from Africa 2,437 4,925 31,441 43,017

India’s imports from SADC 1,533 100.0 2,940 100.0 12,434 100.0 17,470 100.0

South Africa 1,403 91.5 2,683 91.3 6,912 55.6 8,035 46.0

Angola 0.01 - 3 0.1 4,838 38.9 8,020 45.9

Tanzania 84 5.5 105 3.6 283 2.3 492 2.8

Zambia 13 0.8 35 1.2 48 0.4 290 1.7

Mozambique 13 0.8 52 1.8 87 0.7 268 1.5

Madagascar 2 0.1 18 0.6 21 0.2 92 0.5

Swaziland 0.4 0.02 4 0.1 99 0.8 66 0.4

Botswana - - 0.4 0.01 26 0.2 65 0.4

Malawi 2 0.1 3 0.1 34 0.3 42 0.2

Zimbabwe 13 0.8 23 0.8 12 0.1 33 0.2

Mauritius 3 0.2 7 0.2 16 0.1 32 0.2

DR Congo 0.1 0.01 5.2 0.2 12 0.1 20 0.1

Namibia 0.2 0.01 1.3 0.04 35 0.3 8 0.05

Lesotho - - - - 2 0.01 4 0.02

Seychelles 0.02 - 1 0.04 9 0.1 2 0.01




Table 3.17: India’s Trade Balance with SADC, 2001-2012 (US$ mn)

Source: ITC Geneva

Country 2001 2005 2010 2011 2012

India’s total trade balance -6,793 -40,509 -1,29,621 -1,60,920 -1,99,412

India’s trade balance with SADC -796 -594 -5,373 -6,667 -7,818

Angola 25 101 -4,241 -5,469 -7,486

South Africa -1,077 -1,279 -3,262 -5,010 -3,061

Zambia 13 33 49 70 -57

Swaziland 1 0 -72 31 -19

Botswana 5 11 8 9 -11

Lesotho 0 16 17 19 14

Seychelles 6 10 21 30 29

Namibia 10 13 29 54 49

Madagascar 11 29 44 55 64

Malawi 20 43 58 119 88

Zimbabwe -2 -1 67 134 100

DR Congo 3 -2 -1 1 101

Mozambique 18 60 409 448 621

Mauritius 166 249 664 1,329 641

Tanzania 5 124 839 1,512 1,110



As highlighted in the previous chapters, both imports and exports of SADC member countries have shown an overall increasing trend in recent times. India too has registered a positive growth in its trade with these countries. Both regions are characterized by large markets and large work force.

The synergy in bilateral trade relations between India and SADC can be assessed from the robust trend in total trade which has risen 12-fold, from US$ 2.3 bn in 2001 to touch US$ 27.1 bn in 2012. Underlying this has been the significant rise in both India’s exports to as also India’s imports from SADC. While India’s total exports to SADC have risen from US$ 0.7 bn in 2001 to US$ 9.7 bn in 2012, India’s total imports from SADC have also risen from US$ 1.5 bn to US$ 17.5 bn.

As a result, India’s trade deficit with SADC, which stood at US$ 0.8 bn in 2001, has increased to US$ 7.8 bn in 2012. Amongst the major trade partners with which India maintains a trade deficit, the largest countries are Angola and South Africa. In the case of Angola, large and rising volume of crude petroleum imports from the country have underlined India’s rising trade deficit with Angola. In the case of South Africa, India’s large and rising imports of unwrought gold, together with imports of unmounted diamonds from the country, have underlined India’s huge trade deficit with South Africa.

To further enhance India’s trade with SADC, and at the same time to address the rising trade deficit, an important strategy would be to focus on India’s

4. Enhancing Bilateral Trade Relations with SADC Countries

export potential to the major importing countries in SADC with which India maintains the largest and rising trade deficit.

Such a strategy would also contribute to the overall efforts to enhance India’s exports to SADC, as these countries are among the leading importers in SADC as well as in Africa (Table 4.1). Taken together, South Africa and Angola account for as much as 65% of SADC’s total imports. Further, the study has also focussed on identifying India’s potential export items to the other SADC member countries.

An analysis of Table 4.1 would reveal the low share of India in the import basket of the major importing countries of SADC.

Identification of potential items of India’s exports to the SADC member countries is based on the following criteria:

l Identification of major items of imports of each SADC member country, and share of India in each product line of imports, based on 2-digit HS code, and

lSelection of potential items of India’s exports to each of these markets, based on low share of India in target country’s import basket of major commodities, keeping in view India’s global export capability, as also SADC countries’ demand for imports of such commodities. This would further entail identification of potential export items to each market, up to the 6-digit HS code.



Country 2012 % share SADC’s Imports from India, 2012 % share

SADC’s total imports 188,949 100.0 9,651 5.1

South Africa 101,611 53.8 4,973 4.9

Angola 20,566 10.9 535 2.6

Tanzania 11,716 6.2 1,602 13.7

Zambia 8,939 4.7 233 2.6

Botswana 8,025 4.2 54 0.7

Zimbabwe 7,363 3.9 133 1.8

Namibia 7,132 3.8 57 0.8

Mozambique 6,177 3.3 888 14.4

Mauritius 5,772 3.1 672 11.6

DR Congo 5,248 2.8 121 2.3

Table 4.1: SADC’s Top 10 Importers & their Imports from India, 2012 (US$ mn)


While India’s current global capability could be matched with SADC’s import demand, leading to enhanced exports from India, strategy to promote bilateral trade relations could also encompass the case for enhancing domestic production in India to cater to the large demand existing in focus countries in SADC.

Given India’s expertise in several manufactured products, and technology which is affordable and adaptable, SADC countries would also stand to gain with increased imports of such items from India. Moreover, matching India’s capability in high value added production and manufacturing with an increasing import demand in SADC for such products and technology, could prove to be a win-win situation for both India and SADC. This would also help in further strengthening bilateral ties, and resulting in a mutually rewarding long-

term partnership. With many Indian companies exporting high value products to markets in USA and European region, rising demand for such products in emerging economies including SADC countries would present opportunities for enhancing exports and partnerships.

Potential Items of Trade between India and SADC

While India’s trade with most SADC countries has shown an upward trend over the years, it is however, important to highlight that India’s share in most SADC countries’ global imports continues to be marginal. For instance, India’s share in global imports of Angola, Zambia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia and DR Congo ranges from a marginal 0.7% to 2.6%. Potential items of India’s exports, based on 2-digit HS code, to these countries are given in the following paragraphs:



South Africa – Potential Items of India’s Exports

Although South Africa is India’s leading export market in SADC as well as Africa, accounting for almost 52% of India’s total exports to SADC in 2012, India still lags behind other major suppliers to the country. China and Germany are the two largest suppliers, with a combined share of 25% of South Africa’s total imports. Other major suppliers to South Africa are Saudi Arabia and USA. As a supplier to South Africa, India accounts for 4.9% of South Africa’s imports, way behind the leading suppliers (Table 4.2).

Table 4.3 presents South Africa’s top 20 import categories, as per 2-digit HS code, and India’s share in South Africa’s global import under each category. As can be seen from the table, India has achieved respectable share in about 8 of


South Africa’s total imports 101,611 100.0

China 14,638 14.4

Germany 10,237 10.1

Saudi Arabia 7,877 7.8

USA 7,497 7.4

India 4,973 4.9

Japan 4,623 4.5

Nigeria 3,725 3.7

UK 3,516 3.5

Thailand 2,701 2.7

Italy 2,570 2.5

France 2,477 2.4

South Africa’s major import categories. However, India’s share in many of the other major items of South Africa’s imports is still marginal, which, in turn, would serve to highlight the potential to enhance these exports to South Africa, in light of the demand in the country as also India’s global export capability.

Based on the table above and India’s export capability, potential items of India’s exports to South Africa would include:

Machinery and instruments (HS-84)

Electrical and electronic equipment

(HS-85)

Plastics and articles (HS-39)

Optical, photo, technical and medical

apparatus (HS-90)

Rubber and articles (HS-40)

Miscellaneous chemical products (HS-38)

Inorganic chemicals (HS-28)

Animal, vegetable fats and oils (HS-15)

Paper and paperboard (HS-48)

Footwear, gaiters and parts (HS-64)

Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated

buildings (HS-94)

Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or

crochet (HS-61)

Based on the above analysis, potential items of export to South Africa, under each identified category, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 1.

Angola – Potential Items of India’s Exports

China and Portugal are the two largest suppliers to Angola, with a combined share of 38% of Angola’s Source: ITC Geneva, and Exim Bank Analysis

Table 4.2: South Africa’s Major ImportPartners, 2012 (US$ mn)



HS Code Commodities

South Africa’s Global

Imports (US$ mn)

South Africa’s Imports

from India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global Exports (US$ mn)

All Products 101,611 4,973 4.9 289,565

27 Mineral fuels, oils and distillation products 22,835 1,465 6.4 54,381

84 Machinery and instruments 15,311 165 1.1 11,070

87 Vehicles other than railway 9,266 856 9.2 12,200

85 Electrical and electronic equipment 9,008 367 4.1 10,762

39 Plastics and articles 2,434 74 3.0 4,936

90 Optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus 2,372 23 1.0 2,030

30 Pharmaceutical products 2,363 303 12.8 9,602

29 Organic chemicals 1,687 158 9.3 12,550

40 Rubber and articles 1,490 52 3.5 2,742

38 Miscellaneous chemical products 1,462 33 2.2 2,701

73 Articles of iron or steel 1,409 92 6.5 7,678

10 Cereals 1,288 149 11.6 8,729

72 Iron and steel 1,231 57 4.6 7,700

28 Inorganic chemicals 1,170 23 1.9 1,739

15 Animal, vegetable fats and oils 1,075 6 0.6 956

48 Paper and paperboard 1,025 23 2.3 930

64 Footwear, gaiters and parts 956 20 2.1 1,958

71 Pearls and precious stones 886 73 8.3 43,090

94 Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings 813 14 1.7 1,010

61 Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet 740 26 3.5 5,466

Table 4.3: South Africa’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012




total imports in 2012. Other major suppliers to Angola include USA, South Africa, Brazil and France (Table 4.4). While India’s exports to Angola have risen from US$ 25 mn in 2001 to US$ 535 mn in 2012, India’s share in Angola’s imports is still marginal at 2.6% in 2012.

Table 4.4: Angola’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn)

Country 2012 % shareAngola’s total imports 20,566 100.0

China 4,039 19.6

Portugal 3,855 18.7

USA 1,489 7.2


Brazil 1,145 5.6

France 699 3.4

UK 636 3.1

Belgium 566 2.8

Netherlands 557 2.7

India 535 2.6


Table 4.5 presents Angola’s top import categories, as per 2-digit HS code, and India’s share in Angola’s global import under each category. As can be seen from the table, India has achieved respectable share in Angola’s imports of vehicles, meat and edible meat offal, beverages, spirits and vinegar, cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products, and pharmaceuticals. However, India’s share in many of the other major items of Angola’s imports is still marginal. This, in turn, would serve to highlight the potential to enhance these exports to Angola, in light of the demand in the country as also India’s global export capability.

Based on the table above and India’s export capability, potential items of India’s exports to Angola would include:

Machinery and i nstruments (HS-84)

Electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85)

Articles of iron and steel (HS-73)

Mineral fuels (HS-27)


buildings (HS-94)


Iron and steel (HS-72)

Optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus

(HS-90)




Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling

pastes (HS-34)

Sugar and confectionery (HS-17)

Salt, sulphur, stone, plaster (HS-25)

Based on the above analysis, potential items of export to Angola under each identified category, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 2.

Tanzania - Potential Items of India’s Exports

India is an important trading partner for Tanzania, accounting for 13.7% of Tanzania’s global imports in 2012. India’s high share in a few select items of Tanzania’s import basket has resulted in the robust share of India in Tanzania’s overall imports, viz. mineral fuels and products, cereals, plastics and articles, iron and steel, articles of iron and steel, pharmaceutical products, sugar and confectionary, paper and paperboard, miscellaneous chemical products, inorganic chemicals, and textile articles (Table 4.6). Analysis of the table and India’s low share



Table 4.5: Angola’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012

HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports (US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in Angola’s Imports

(%)

India’s Global

Exports (US$ mn)

All Products 20,566 535 2.6 289,565


85 Electrical and electronic equipment 1,982 32 1.6 10,762


73 Articles of iron or steel 1,302 6 0.5 7,678

27 Mineral fuels, oils and distillation products 1,102 0.1 0.01 54,381

02 Meat and edible meat offal 836 85 10.1 3,147


39 Plastics and articles 659 21 3.1 4,936

22 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 651 40 6.2 354

72 Iron and steel 623 16 2.5 7,700

90 Optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus 348 3 0.9 2,030

15 Animal, vegetable fats and oils 315 - - 956

19 Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products 257 15 5.8 397

40 Rubber and articles 229 2 0.7 2,742

38 Miscellaneous chemical products 224 1 0.3 2,701

34 Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes 220 3 1.5 695

17 Sugars and sugar confectionery 220 6 2.8 2,185

25 Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement 218 1 0.6 1,727

30 Pharmaceutical products 212 53 25.0 9,602




in other major imports of Tanzania would serve to highlight the scope for enhancing such exports to Tanzania, given India’s global export capability. Based on analysis of the above table, potential export categories to Tanzania would include:


Vehicles other than railway (HS-87)

HS Code Commodities

Tanza-nia’s

Global Imports

(US$ mn)

Tanzania’s Imports

from India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global Ex-ports (US$

mn)

All products 11,716 1,602 13.7 289,565

27 Mineral fuels, oils and distillation products 3,828 717 18.7 54,381



85 Electrical and electronic equipment 744 46 6.2 10,762

10 Cereals 472 77 16.3 8,729


72 Iron and steel 426 46 10.7 7,700

15 Animal, vegetable fats and oils 298 0.1 0.05 956

73 Articles of iron or steel 246 20 8.1 7,678





48 Paper and paperboard 123 15 12.1 930


28 Inorganic chemicals 115 14 12.3 1,739


63 Other made textile articles 96 20 20.7 3,973


Table 4.6: Tanzania’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012


Electric al and electronic equipment (HS-85)



(HS-90)



buildings (HS-94)



Based on the above analysis, potential items of export to Tanzania under each identified category, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 3.

Zambia - Potential Items of India’s Exports

Zambia’s imports from India amounted to US$ 233 mn in 2012, accounting for a marginal 2.6% of Zambia’s total imports in 2012 (Table 4.7).

Table 4.7: Zambia’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn)


Zambia’s total imports 8,939 100.0


Congo 1,289 14.4

China 883 9.9

Kuwait 561 6.3

Kenya 288 3.2

USA 252 2.8

Japan 247 2.8

India 233 2.6

UK 224 2.5

UAE 224 2.5


Among the top categories in Zambia’s global imports, India has a significant share in only three categories, i.e., pharmaceuticals, textile

articles, and electrical and electronic equipment (Table 4.8). In line with Zambia’s import demand and India’s export capability, potential exists to enhance India’s exports of other major items imported by Zambia. Based on analysis of the table, potential items of exports to Zambia would include:

Machine ry and instruments (HS-84)













(HS-90)


buildings (HS-94)

Other commodities which hold potential to export include: ores, slag and ash (HS-26) and copper and articles (HS-74).

Under each identified categories, potential items of export to Zambia, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 4.



HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports (US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in Zambia’s Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports (US$ mn)

All products 8,939 233 2.6 289,565


26 Ores, slag and ash 1,054 - - 3,201

27 Mineral fuels, oils and distillation products 949 0.1 0.01 54,381

87 Vehicles other than railway 889 19 2.2 12,200





72 Iron and steel 222 4 1.9 7,700





25 Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement 136 0.1 0.1 1,727

74 Copper and articles 129 4 3.4 2,825





Table 4.8: Zambia’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012




Botswana

Botswana’s imports from India amounted to US$ 54 mn in 2012, accounting for a marginal 0.7% of Botswana’s total imports in 2012. Among the top categories in Botswana’s global imports, India has a significant share in only one category, i.e., pharmaceuticals, where India accounts for a 20% share in Botswana’s global imports (Table 4.9). In line with Botswana’s import demand and India’s export capability, potential exists to enhance India’s exports of other major items imported by Botswana. Based on analysis of the table, potential items of exports to Botswana would include:

Pearls and pre cious stones (HS-71)Mineral fuels (HS-27)







Cereals (HS-10)




Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings (HS-94)Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling

pastes (HS-34)

HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports (US$ mn)

Botswana’s Imports from

India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Botswana’s Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports (US$ mn)

All products 8,025 54 0.7 289,565 71 Pearls and precious stones 2,165 10 0.4 43,090

27 Mineral fuels, oils and distillation products 1,306 - - 54,381

84 Machinery & instruments 716 4 0.5 11,070




30 Pharmaceutical products 141 28 20.0 9,602 39 Plastics and articles 125 1 0.5 4,936


10 Cereals 101 0.4 0.4 8,729

72 Iron and steel 91 0.02 0.03 7,700

48 Paper and paperboard 85 0.3 0.3 930


94 Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated build-ings 77 0.4 0.5 1,010

34 Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes 75 0.1 0.2 695

Table 4.9: Botswana’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012




Under each identified categories, potential items of export to Botswana, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 5.

Zimbabwe

In 2012, South Africa, UK and USA were the three largest suppliers, accounting for 67% of Zimbabwe’s total imports in 2012 (Table 4.10). India’s exports share to Zimbabwe during the same year was marginal at 1.8%.

Table 4.10: Zimbabwe’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn)


Zimbabwe’s total imports 7,363 100.0


UK 1,269 17.2

USA 557 7.6

Zambia 492 6.7

China 354 4.8

Mozambique 160 2.2

Kuwait 153 2.1

India 133 1.8

Botswana 113 1.5

Japan 93 1.3


Table 4.11 presents Zimbabwe’s top import categories, as per 2-digit HS code, and India’s share in Zimbabwe’s global import under each category. As can be seen from the table, India has achieved respectable share in only two of Zimbabwe’s major import categories, viz. electrical, and electronic equipment, and pharmaceuticals. India’s share in many of the major items of Zimbabwe’s imports is still marginal, which, in

turn, would serve to highlight the potential to enhance these exports to Zimbabwe, in light of the demand in the country as also India’s global export capability.

Based on the table above and India’s export capability, potential items of India’s exports to Zimbabwe would include:




Cereals (HS-10)



Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes

(HS-24)





Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling

pastes (HS-34)


Sugars and sugar confectionery (HS-17)


(HS-90)


Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toiletries

(HS-33)

Miscellaneous edible preparations (HS-21)

Under each identified categories, potential items of export to Zimbabwe, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 6.



Table 4.11: Zimbabwe’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports (US$ mn)

Zimbabwe’s Imports

from India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Zimbabwe’s Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports (US$ mn)

All products 7,363 133 1.8 289,565

27 Mineral fuels, oils and distillation products 1,515 0.02 - 54,381



10 Cereals 466 2 0.4 8,729





24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 161 0.4 0.3 923


72 Iron and steel 129 4 3.1 7,700








33 Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toileteries 73 0.02 0.03 1,479

21 Miscellaneous edible preparations 63 0.01 0.01 504




Namibia

South Africa was the largest supplier of Namibia, accounting for 70% of Namibia’s total imports in 2012 (Table 4.12). Switzerland, China and UK were the other key sources for Namibia during the same year. India’s exports to Namibia during the same year was marginal at 0.8%. India is yet to achieve a sizeable share in the country’s import basket.

Table 4.12: Namibia’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn)


Namibia’s total imports 7,132 100.0


Switzerland 427 6.0

China 288 4.0

UK 173 2.4

Germany 140 2.0

Botswana 113 1.6

Zambia 111 1.6

Netherlands 81 1.1

India 57 0.8

Singapore 54 0.8


Table 4.13 presents Namibia’s top import categories, as per 2-digit HS code, and India’s share in Namibia’s global imports under each category. As can be seen from the table, India has not achieved a respectable share in Namibia’s major import categories, except for pharmaceuticals. India’s share in many of the major items of Namibia’s imports is still marginal, which, in turn, would serve to

highlight the potential to enhance these exports to Namibia, in light of the demand in the country as also India’s global export capability.

Based on the table above and India’s export capability, potential items of India’s exports to Namibia would include:




Pearls and precious stones (HS-71)



Beverages, spirits and vinegar (HS-22)



Optical, photo, technical and medical

apparatus (HS-90)


Sugars and sugar confectionery (HS-17)

Copper and articles (HS-74)


buildings (HS-94)


(HS-33)



Under each identified categories, potential items of export to Namibia, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 7.



Table 4.13: Namibia’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012

HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports (US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Namibia’s Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports (US$ mn)

All products 7,132 57 0.8 2,89,565




71 Pearls and precious stones 378 0.3 0.1 43,090




22 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 156 0.1 0.1 354


28 Inorganic chemicals 116 0.2 0.2 1,739

90 Optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus 111 0.3 0.3 2,030

48 Paper and paperboard 110 - - 930


74 Copper and articles 102 0.01 - 2,825

94 Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings 97 0.3 0.3 1,010

33 Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toileteries 95 0.3 0.3 1,479

72 Iron and steel 93 0.4 0.4 7,700

40 Rubber and articles 86 0.2 0.2 2,742




HS Code Commodities

Mozam-bique’s Global

Imports (US$ mn)

Mozam-bique’s Imports

from India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in Mozam-bique’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports (US$ mn)

All Products 6,177 888 14.4 289,565


84 Machinery and instruments 880 31 3.6 11,070

76 Aluminium and articles 576 9 1.6 1,579




23 Residues and animal fodder 239 11 4.6 2,639

10 Cereals 209 45 21.5 8,729

72 Iron and steel 154 28 18.0 7,700


42 Articles of leather 75 0.03 0.03 2,036





33 Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toiletries 61 2 3.1 1,479



Table 4.14: Mozambique’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012




Mozambique

An examination of Mozambique’s import basket of major items would reveal that India accounts for a respectable share in a few items, viz. mineral fuels, vehicles, cereals, iron and steel, plastics and articles, pharmaceutical products, rubber and articles, paper and paper board, and textile articles (Table 4.14). However, in the case of other major items of Mozambique’s imports, India’s share is still negligible.

Based on analysis of the above table, potential export categories to Mozambique, in line with import demand in Mozambique and India’s global export capability, would include:


Aluminium and articles (HS-76)



Articles of leather (HS-42)


buildings (HS-94)


(HS-33)

Other items which hold potential to exports to the country include: residues and animal fodder (HS-23); and animal, vegetable fats and oils (HS-15). Under each identified categories, potential items of export to Mozambique, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 8.

Mauritius

China and India are the major suppliers of Mauritius’ imports in 2012, together accounting

for 28% of Mauritius’ global imports (Table 4.15). Other major import sources in 2012 include France, South Africa, Spain and Malaysia.

Table 4.15: Mauritius’ Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn)


Mauritius’ total imports 5,772 100.0

China 931 16.1

India 672 11.6

France 479 8.3

South Africa 378 6.5

Spain 190 3.3

Malaysia 153 2.6

Japan 149 2.6

Germany 139 2.4

Australia 129 2.2

USA 123 2.1


Table 4.16 presents Mauritius’ top import categories, as per 2-digit HS code, and India’s share in Mauritius’ global imports under each category. As can be seen from the table, India has achieved respectable share in a few of Mauritius’ major import categories, i.e., mineral fuels, electrical and electronic equipment, cotton, cereals, pharmaceuticals and essential oils. However, India’s share in many of the other major items of Mauritius’ imports is still marginal, which, in turn, would serve to highlight the potential to enhance these exports to Mauritius, in light of the demand in the country as also India’s global export capability.



Table 4.16: Mauritius’ Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012


HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports (US$ mn

Mauritius’ Imports from

India (US$ mn

India’s Share in Mauritius’ Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports (US$ mn)

All products 5,772 672 11.6 289,565



85 Electrical, electronic equipment 373 27 7.2 10,762

03 Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates 364 8 2.2 3,282


52 Cotton 185 33 17.8 8,569



10 Cereals 143 36 25.2 8,729



72 Iron and steel 106 3 2.8 7,700




24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 71 0.3 0.4 923



33 Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toileteries 66 4 6.1 1,479

76 Aluminium and articles 62 2 3.2 1,579



Based on the table above and India’s export capability, potential items of India’s exports to Mauritius would include:

Machinery and instruments (HS - 84)•

Vehicles other than railway (HS-87)•

Pearls and precious stones (HS-71)•

Plastics and articles (HS-39)•

Articles of iron or steel (HS-73)•

Iron and steel (HS-72) •

Optical, photo, technical and medical •apparatus (HS-90)

Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated •buildings (HS-94)

Paper and paperboard (HS-48)•

Tobacco and manufactured tobacco •substitutes (HS-24)

Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and •cement (HS-25)

Animal, vegetable fats and oils (HS-15)•

Aluminium and articles (HS-76)•

Another potential item of exports would be fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates HS-03). Under each identified categories, potential items of export to Mauritius, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 9.

DR Congo

In 2012, DR Congo’s total imports were US$ 5.2 bn. South Africa (28.4% of total imports), China (16%) and Belgium (8.6%) were the primary suppliers to DR Congo in 2012 (Table 4.17). India’s exports to DR Congo during the same year were US$ 121 mn (2.3%).

Table 4.17: DR Congo’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn)


DR Congo’s total imports 5,248 100.0


China 837 16.0

Belgium 450 8.6

France 275 5.2

Uganda 241 4.6

USA 199 3.8

Tanzania 187 3.6

Germany 171 3.3

Netherlands 143 2.7

India 121 2.3


Table 4.18 presents DR Congo’s top import categories, as per 2-digit HS code, and India’s share in its global import under each category. As can be seen from the table, India has achieved respectable share in only two of the major import categories of DR Congo, viz. vehicles and pharmaceuticals. India’s share in almost all other items of DR Congo’s major imports is still marginal, which, in turn, would serve to highlight the potential to enhance these exports to DR Congo, in light of the demand in the country as also India’s global export capability.

Based on the table above and India’s export capability, potential items of India’s exports to DR Congo would include:

Machinery and instruments (HS - 84)•

Electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85)•

Articles of iron or steel (HS-73)•



Table 4.18: DR Congo’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012

HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports (US$ mn)

DR Congo’s Imports

from India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in DR

Congo’s Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports (US$ mn)

All products 5,248 121 2.3 289,565





27 Mineral fuels, oils and distillation products 339 2 0.7 54,381




03 Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates 114 0.04 0.03 3,282

10 Cereals 111 4 3.6 8,729


72 Iron and steel 106 3 3.3 7,700


52 Cotton 76 3 4.1 8,569




19 Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products 62 3 0.1 397

34 Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes 62 0.2 - 695




Mineral fuels (HS-27) •


Meat and edible meat offal (HS-02)•

Cereals (HS-10)•


Iron and steel (HS-72)•

Other made textile articles (HS-63)•

Cotton (HS- 52)•

Rubber and articles (HS-40)•



Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and •products (HS-19)

Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling •pastes (HS-34)

Another potential item of export include fish, crustaceans, molluscs and aquatic invertebrates (HS-03). Under each identified categories, potential items of export to DR Congo, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 10.

Madagascar

In 2012, Madagascar’s total imports amounted to US$ 2.7 bn. UAE was the leading supplier to Madagascar, accounting for 14.7% of Madagascar’s total imports in 2012, followed by China (14.3%) and France (6%) (Table 4.19). India’s share was at 5.9%.

Table 4.19: Madagascar’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn)


Madagascar’s total imports 2,659 100.0

UAE 390 14.7

China 380 14.3

France 160 6.0

Bahrain 158 6.0

India 156 5.9


USA 99 3.7

Mauritius 77 2.9

Pakistan 65 2.5

Germany 63 2.4

Turkey 58 2.2


Table 4.20 presents Madagascar’s top import categories, as per 2-digit HS code, and India’s share in Madagascar’s global imports under each category. As can be seen from the table, India has achieved respectable share in a number of Madagascar’s major import categories which include cereals, pharmaceuticals, plastics and articles, cotton, sugar, iron and steel, other made textile articles, and paper and paper board. India’s share in many of the other major items of Madagascar’s imports is still marginal, which, in turn, would serve to highlight the potential to enhance these exports to Madagascar, in light of the demand in the country as also India’s global export capability.



Table 4.20: Madagascar’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012


HS Code Commodities

Madagas-car’s Global

Imports (US$ mn)

Madagas-car’s Imports

from India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in Madagas-car’s Imports

(%)

India’s Glob-al Exports (US$ mn)

All products 2,659 156 5.9 289,565

27 Mineral fuels, oils and distillation products 616 1 0.1 54,381




10 Cereals 95 30 32.1 8,729



52 Cotton 66 13 19.8 8,569





72 Iron and steel 57 20 35.8 7,700






Based on the table above and India’s export capability, potential items of India’s exports to Madagascar would include:


Machinery and instruments (HS-84)•



Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and •ceramics (HS-25)

Articles of iron or steel (HS-73) •


Miscellaneous chemical products (HS-38)•

Based on the above analysis of the identified export categories to Madagascar, top potential items of exports up to the 6-digit HS code classification have been presented in Annexure 11.

Malawi

In 2012, South Africa was the largest supplier, accounting for 24% of Malawi’s total imports in 2012 (Table 4.21). China and Mozambique were the other key sources for Malawi during the same year. India’s exports to Malawi during the same year was at 5.3%.

Table 4.21: Malawi’s Major Import Partners, 2012 (US$ mn)


Malawi’s total imports 2,461 100.0


China 266 10.8

Mozambique 175 7.1

India 131 5.3

UAE 120 4.9

Zambia 95 3.9

USA 87 3.5

UK 69 2.8

Portugal 67 2.7

Netherlands 67 2.7


Table 4.22 presents Malawi’s top import categories, as per 2-digit HS code, and India’s share in Malawi’s global imports under each category. As can be seen from the table, India has achieved a respectable share in Malawi’s major imports of machinery, pharmaceuticals, vehicles, plastics, iron and steel, textiles, miscellaneous chemical products, rubber and articles, and optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus. However, scope still exists to enhance India’s exports, where India’s share in Malawi’s imports is still marginal.



Table 4.22: Malawi’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012

HS Code Commodities

Malawi’s Global

Imports (US$ mn)

Malawi’s Imports

from India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in Malawi’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports (US$ mn)

All products 2,461 131 5.3 289,565








72 Iron and steel 70 12 17.2 7,700





28 Inorganic chemicals 42 0.4 0.9 1,739



10 Cereals 37 0.1 0.1 8,729

24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 32 - - 923





Based on the above table and India’s export capability, potential items of India’s exports to Malawi would include:





Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling •pastes (HS-34)

Articles of iron or steel (HS-73) •

Inorganic chemicals (HS-28)•

Cereals (HS-10)•

Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes •(HS-24)

Based on the above analysis, major potential items of exports to Malawi, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 12.

Seychelles

Table 4.23 presents Seychelles’ top import categories, as per 2-digit HS code, and India’s share in Seychelles’ global import under each category. As can be seen from the table, India has achieved respectable share in seven of Seychelles’ major import categories. However, India’s share in many of the other major items of Seychelles’ imports is still marginal, which, in turn, would serve to highlight the potential to enhance these exports to Seychelles.

Based on the table above and India’s export capability, potential items of India’s exports to Seychelles would include:

Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic •invertebrates (HS-03)





Beverages, • spirits and vinegar (HS-22)


Based on the above analysis, major identified potential exports items to Seychelles, up to the 6-digit HS Code, have been presented in Annexure 13.

Swaziland

Table 4.24 presents Swaziland’s top import categories, as per 2-digit HS code, and India’s share in Swaziland’s global imports under each category. As can be seen from the table, India has achieved respectable share in a few of Swaziland’s major import categories, including aircraft, spacecraft and parts, pharmaceuticals, essential oils and perfumes, and organic chemicals. India’s share in many of the major items of Swaziland’s imports is still marginal, which, in turn, would serve to highlight the potential to enhance these exports to Swaziland, in light of the demand in the country as also India’s global export capability.



Table 4.23: Seychelles’ Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012

HS Code Commodities

Seychelles’ Global

Imports (US$ mn)

Seychelles’ Imports

from India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Seychelles’ Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports (US$ mn)

All products 674 31 4.6 289,565

03 Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates 148 1 0.5 3,282




87 Vehicles other than railway, tramway 25 3 12.3 12,200

72 Iron and steel 21 2 10.0 7,700

27 Mineral fuels, oils and distillation products 17 - - 54,381

94 Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings 15 0.2 1.1 1,010


88 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts 12 2 15.9 1,776


22 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 11 0.2 2.0 354






Table 4.24: Swaziland’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012

HS Code Commodities

Swazi-land’s Global

Imports (US$ mn)

Swazi-land’s

Imports from India

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in Swazi-land’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports (US$ mn)

All products 343 47 13.5 289,565

97 Works of art, collectors pieces and antiques 55 0.01 0.01 244


88 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts 25 24 96.3 1,776

85 Electrical and electronic equipment 22 0.4 1.7 10,762

84 Machinery and instruments 18 0.3 1.6 11,070



23 Residues and animal fodder 13 - - 2,639

52 Cotton 12 0.2 1.3 8,569

33 Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toiletries 11 1 9.9 1,479

29 Organic chemicals 9 3 35.4 12,550




Based on the table above and India’s export capability, potential items of India’s exports to Swaziland would include:

Works of art, collectors pieces and antiques •(HS-97)

Pearls and precious stones (HS-71)•



Optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus •(HS-90)

Residues and animal fodder (HS-23)•

Cotton (HS-52)•

Under the identified categories, potential items of exports to Swaziland, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 14.

Lesotho

Table 4.25 presents Lesotho’s top import categories, as per 2-digit HS code, and India’s share in Lesotho’s global import under each category. As can be seen from the table, India has achieved respectable share only in Lesotho’s

imports of pharmaceuticals and cotton. India’s share in many of the major items of Lesotho’s imports is still marginal, which, in turn, would serve to highlight the potential to enhance these exports to Lesotho, in light of the demand in the country as also India’s global export capability.

Based on the table above and India’s export capability, potential items of India’s exports to Lesotho would include:

Knitted or crocheted fabric (HS-60)•

Electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85) •



Manmade staple fibres (HS-55)•



Manmade filaments (HS-54)•

Under the above identified categories, potential items of exports to Lesotho, up to the 6-digit HS code, have been presented in Annexure 15.



Table 4.25: Lesotho’s Major Import Categories and India’s Share, 2012

HS Code Commodities

Lesotho’s Global

Imports (US$ mn)

Lesotho’s Imports

from India (US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Lesotho’s Imports

(%)

India’s Global

Exports (US$ mn)

All products 265 18 6.8 289,565

60 Knitted or crocheted fabric 78 - - 209

85 Electrical and electronic equipment 38 0.02 0.04 10,762

52 Cotton 34 5 13.8 8,569

84 Machinery and instruments 18 0.04 0.2 11,070


87 Vehicles other than railway 12 0.1 1.0 12,200

55 Manmade staple fibres 8 - - 1,997


39 Plastics and articles 5 - - 4,936

54 Manmade filaments 5 - - 2,261




5. Export-Import Bank of India - A Partner in SADC’s Development

Export-Import Bank of India (Exim India) was set up in March 1981 by an Act of the Indian Parliament for providing financial assistance to exporters and importers, and for functioning as the principal financial institution for coordinating the working of institutions engaged in financing export and import of goods and services with a view to promoting the country’s international trade. In its endeavour to promote India’s international trade, Exim India’s vision has evolved from financing, facilitating and promoting trade and investment, to a conscious and systematic effort at creating export capabilities, and the Bank today seeks to develop commercially viable business relationships with externally oriented companies.

FINANCING PROGRAMMES

Lines of Credit

Exim India extends Lines of Credit (LOCs) to overseas governments, parastatal organisations, financial institutions, commercial banks and regional development banks to support export of eligible goods and services on deferred payment terms. Exim India also extends LOCs on behalf and at the behest of Government of India. Exim India also extends overseas buyers’ credit directly to foreign entities for import of eligible Indian goods and related services or for financing eligible turnkey projects.

To enhance bilateral trade and investment relations, Exim India has in place several LOCs extended to a number of institutions/agencies in SADC. These LOCs supplement the “Focus Africa” programme of the Government of India and are

extended especially to priority sectors, identified by Government of India for mutual cooperation and benefit. Besides these operating LOCs extended at the behest of Government of India, Exim India extends its own LOC to various financial institutions and other entities in Africa, such as, PTA Bank (Eastern and Southern African Trade and Development Bank), covering 17 countries in the eastern and southern African region, Banque Ouest Africaine De Development (West African Development Bank), covering 8 countries in the West African region, Indo-Zambia Bank, Central Bank of Djibouti, East African Development Bank, and Afreximbank. These LOCs facilitate import of project-related equipments and services from India on deferred credit terms. At the same time, many of these LOCs are earmarked for infrastructure and related projects.

In SADC, Exim India has 37 operative GOI supported LOCs valued at US$ 1,701.8 mn, as on December 31, 2013, covering all the countries, except Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa. Operative LOCs in SADC region include:

Government of Angola – 3 LOCs for financing railway rehabilitation project; setting up an industrial park; and a textile project (cotton ginning & spinning);

Government of DR Congo – 4 LOCs for setting up a cement factory, acquisition of buses, acquisition of equipment; installing hand pumps and submersible pumps; and execution of Kakobola Hydroelectric Power Project;



Government of Lesotho – 2 LOCs for exporting tractors, pump sets, consultancy services and irrigation equipment; and vocational training centre for empowerment of youth and women;

Government of Madagascar – An LOC for rice productivity and fertilizer production projects;

Government of Malawi – 3 LOCs for supplying irrigation, storage, tobacco threshing plant and one village - one project; cotton processing facilities, green belt initiative; procurement of design, supply, installation and commissioning of fuel storage facilities, irrigation network; and commissioning of sugar processing facility in Salima district;

Government of Mauritius – An LOC for purchasing offshore Patrol Vessel;

Government of Mozambique – 12 LOCs for supply and transfer of water drilling machinery, equipments, accessories, components and spares, support vehicles, water and fuel tankers and electrical equipments; IT Park project; rural electrification projects; enhancing productivity of rice, wheat, maize cultivation; solar photo voltaic module manufacturing plant project; rural drinking water projects; housing; road rehabilitation; and power supply projects;

Government of Seychelles – 2 LOCs for export of rice, potatoes and buses;

Government of Swaziland – 2 LOCs for IT Park and agricultural development and mechanization projects;

Government of Tanzania – 3 LOCs for exporting tractors, pumps and equipments

from India; purchase of vehicles; and sugar plant;

Government of Zambia – 3 LOCs for export of buses, motor vehicles, motor cycles and supply of vocational tool kits; hydro power project; and pre-fabricated health posts projects;

Government of Zimbabwe – An LOC for up-gradation of Deka Pumping Station and river water intake system.

Additionally, Exim India has also extended 7 direct LOCs to:

Government of Angola – An LOC for financing export of tractors;

Eastern and Southern African Trade and

Development Bank (PTA Bank) – 4 LOCs for financing cement plant, capacitor power panel, HVAC power panel, aux. contracts, machineries & accessories for drugs manufacturing unit and air-conditioning equipments, crushing plant equipment, pharmaceutical drugs and cables for cement processing plant;

Seychelles Marketing Board, Seychelles

– An LOC for purchasing of vehicles, spare parts, automobile tyres, cables, medicines; and

Indo-Zambia Bank – An LOC for general purpose utilisation.

Support for Project Exports

Exim India plays a pivotal role in promoting and financing Indian companies in execution of projects. Towards this end, the Bank extends funded and non-funded facilities for overseas industrial turnkey projects, civil construction contracts, supplies as well as technical and



consultancy service contracts. In SADC region, Indian companies have implemented numerous projects, spanning various sectors, with such support from Exim India. These projects, in turn, facilitate and support infrastructure development in host countries, thereby contributing to the overall development process in the region. Such projects include, besides others: Contract for setting up of industrial park project and textile project in Angola; Engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) and execution of hydroelectric power project contract; and rehabilitation and replacement of power transmission lines and insulators in DR Congo; Design, engineering, civil and structural work, supply, erection and commissioning of cotton ginning facilities project in Malawi; Purchase of offshore petrol vessel project in Mauritius; Rural electrification, power transmission and agricultural productivity enhancement projects projects in Mozambique; IT park project in Swaziland; Contract for supply of vehicles in Tanzania; and Power projects in Zambia.

Finance for Joint Ventures Overseas

Exim India supports Indian companies in their endeavour to globalise their operations, through joint ventures (JVs) and wholly owned subsidiaries (WOS). Such support includes loans and guarantees, equity finance and in select cases direct participation in equity along with Indian promoters to set up such ventures overseas. In SADC, the Bank has supported several such ventures in countries including SADC member states such as South Africa, Mauritius, Zambia, and Tanzania, in areas such as agro-based products, auto & auto ancillaries, chemicals and dyes, construction; electronics, engineering goods, metals, plastics & packaging, software and IT enabled services, and textiles. These ventures serve to promote value addition, as also contribute to capacity building and capacity creation in host countries.

INSTITUTIONAL LINKAGES AND ARRANGEMENTS

Exim India has been consciously forging a network of alliances and institutional linkages to help further economic co-operation while promoting and facilitating bilateral trade and investment between India and SADC. These, in turn, serve to create an enabling environment, support capacity creation, and enhance institutional strengthening. The network of alliances are with financial institutions, trade promotion agencies, investment promotion agencies, export promotion agencies, chambers of commerce and information providers across the globe for assisting externally oriented Indian companies in their quest for excellence and globalisation.

Towards this end, in SADC, Exim India has taken up equity in Development Bank of Zambia, and Afreximbank. These endeavours are supplemented by the various Memoranda of Cooperation (MOCs) / Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs), the Bank has in place, with key institutions in SADC countries including: Board of Investment, Mauritius; Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa Limited (IDC); African Development Bank (AfDB); and Afreximbank. Exim India also works closely with Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA) under the BRICS Interbank Financial Co-operation Mechanism.

Global Network of Exim Banks and Develop-ment Finance Institutions (G-NEXID)

With a view to facilitating South-South trade and investment cooperation, at the joint initiative of Exim India and UNCTAD, a Global Network of Exim Banks and Development Finance Institutions (G-NEXID) was launched in March 2006 in Geneva. Annual Meetings are held to deliberate upon measures to foster long-term relationship, share experience and strengthen financial



cooperation to promote trade and investment relations between developing countries. A number of institutions from SADC are G-NEXID members, such as Afreximbank, Development Bank of Namibia, Development Bank of Zambia, Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa, Development Bank of Southern Africa.

Partner in Institution Building in Africa

As a partner institution in promoting economic development in Africa, Exim India shares its experience in the setting up of institutional infrastructure for international trade. In this regard, the Bank has taken active participation in the institution building process in a number of countries in Africa. Besides being associated in the setting up of the Afreximbank, Exim India has been involved in the design and implementation of Export Finance Programmes for Industrial Development Corporation, South Africa; Consultancy Assignment for the Government of Mauritius on ‘Projecting Mauritius as an investment hub for Indian Firms’; establishment of Export Credit Guarantee Company in Zimbabwe; and preparing a blue print for setting up of Export-Import Bank of Zimbabwe.

GPCL as a Consultant

Global Procurement Consultants Ltd. (GPCL) has been promoted by Exim India in association with leading public sector and private sector consultancy organizations. GPCL’s shareholding pattern creates a synergetic fusion of expertise. This creates a unique platform for sharing of collective Indian experience in a partnership mode with developing countries and emerging economies, in the professional management of projects, with particular reference to procurement

services. GPCL synthesizes India’s consultancy expertise in project management and procurement across varied sectors of the economy including finance, infrastructure, energy, transportation, environment, information and communication technology, industry, agriculture, mining, water resources, health and education.

GPCL has extensive experience supporting projects in Africa, which includes, Procurement Audit of contracts in World Bank funded projects in Eritrea, Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria and Uganda covering Health, Education, Agriculture, Infrastructure, Power, Privatization and Emergency rehabilitation; and Country Procurement Assessment Review (CPAR) in the Kingdom of Swaziland for African Development Bank.

Knowledge Building and Technology Transfer

In the area of knowledge building and technology transfer, with a view to enhancing competitiveness of Indian exporters, as also identifying Indian trade and investment potential, Exim India periodically conducts research studies on countries/regions; sectors/industry; and on macro-economic issues relating to international trade and finance.

The recent research publications relating to Africa include:

Enhancing India’s Trade Relations with Africa :

Focus on Select Countries;

IBSA: Enhancing Economic Co-operation

across Continents; and

Various studies on India’s Trade and Investment

Potential with West Africa, SADC, ECOWAS, COMESA, SACU, Select Southern African Countries, Maghreb Region, etc.



EXIM INDIA’S OFFICES IN AFRICA

Exim India has representative offices in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Johannesburg, South Africa; and Dakar, Senegal, which play a key role in facilitating economic cooperation with the African region. The representative offices interface with various institutions such as Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa Ltd., African Development Bank, regional financial institutions such as Eastern and Southern African Trade and Development Bank (PTA Bank), Afreximbank, West African Development Bank, and ECOWAS Bank for Investment and Development (EBID),

as well as Indian missions in the region, thereby being closely associated with the Bank’s initiatives in the African region.

In sum, Exim India, with its comprehensive range of financing, advisory and support services, seeks to create an enabling environment for enhancing two-way flow of trade, investment and technology between India and SADC, while also promoting infrastructure development, facilitating private sector development in host countries, and contributing towards institutional building in the region.



ANNEXURE - 1South Africa – Potential Items of India’s Exports –

as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

843149 Parts of cranes, work-trucks, shovels, and other construction machinery 450.2 0.7 0.2 267.0

847330 Part s& accessories of automatic data processing machines & units 364.1 0.1 0.04 164.1

847150 Digital processing units not sold as complete systems 294.3 0.3 0.1 127.1

848180 Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances 273.6 4.2 1.5 684.0

847989 Machines & mechanical appliances having individual functions 258.6 1.5 0.6 203.0

847170 Computer data storage units 252.6 0.7 0.3 71.3

843041 Boring or sinking machinery, self propelled 240.3 5.9 2.5 159.8

842959 Self-propelled excavating machinery 157.5 4.5 2.9 58.4

843143 Parts of boring or sinking machinery, whether or not self-propelled 156.9 0.6 0.4 203.1

847490 Parts of sorting/screening/ mixing/ crushing/ grinding/ washing/ agglomer-ating machinery 152.2 5.0 3.3 133.7

848340 Gears & gearing, ball screws, gear boxes, speed changers 151.5 1.0 0.6 89.4

840999 Parts for diesel and semi-diesel engines 151.4 2.1 1.4 483.3

840890 Engines, diesel 117.5 2.9 2.5 377.4

840991 Parts for spark-ignition type engines 115.6 4.1 3.6 223.8

842199 Parts for filtering or purifying machinery & apparatus for liquids or gases 113.1 1.3 1.2 111.3

842230 Machinery for filling/closing/sealing/etc. bottles/can/box/ bag/containers; machinery for aerating beverages 108.3 1.0 0.9 84.6

848390 Parts of power transmission equipment/ other goods used to transmit power 101.3 3.9 3.8 91.5

840710 Aircraft engines, spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary type 101.2 - - 120.1

841391 Parts of pumps for liquid whether or not fitted with a measuring device 91.3 1.8 2.0 194.3

841370 Centrifugal pumps 90.3 2.7 3.0 186.2

847990 Parts of machines & mechanical appliances having individual functions 89.8 1.6 1.8 160.9

840820 Engines, diesel, for the vehicles of Chapter 87 85.5 4.9 5.7 72.2

842139 Filtering or purifying machinery and apparatus for gases 85.0 0.5 0.6 59.6

847290 Office machines 84.1 0.7 0.8 54.0

841330 Fuel, lubricating or cooling medium pumps for internal combustion piston engines 70.1 0.6 0.9 80.6

848220 Bearings, tapered roller, including cone and tapered roller assemblies 69.3 1.5 2.2 82.1

848190 Parts of taps, cocks, valves or similar appliances 68.9 0.8 1.1 257.6

841490 Parts of vacuum pumps, compressors, fans, blowers, hoods 62.4 1.3 2.1 176.5

841989 Machinery, plant/laboratory equip for treat of mat by change of temp 57.4 0.7 1.1 153.3

848310 Transmission shafts and cranks, including cam shafts and crank shafts 52.6 0.6 1.2 178.8

1. Machinery and instruments (HS-84)



2. Electrical and electronic equipment (HS-85)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

851712 Telephones for cellular networks mobile telephones or for other wire-less 1878.0 141.2 7.5 2849.6

851762 Machines for the reception, conversion and transmission or regen-eration 786.6 0.1 0.02 95.9

852990 Parts suitable for use solely/ principally with the apparatus 327.2 0.04 0.01 111.3

850440 Static converters 232.9 1.9 0.8 390.8

851770 Parts of telephone sets, telephones for cellular networks 195.8 14.3 7.3 590.3

852352 Cards incorporating one or more electronic integrated circuits 103.5 8.5 8.2 162.9

853720 Boards, panels, including numerical control panels, for a voltage > 1,000 V 102.5 2.4 2.3 94.1

853890 Parts for use with the apparatus 100.3 2.9 2.9 308.6

853710 Boards, panels, including numerical control panels, for a voltage <=1000 V 91.7 0.3 0.3 179.5

850423 Liquid dielectric transformers having a power handling capacity exceeding 10,000 KVA 83.2 1.8 2.2 130.1

853650 Electrical switches for a voltage not exceeding 1,000 volts 82.2 1.8 2.2 94.1

853690 Electrical app for switching/ protecting electrical circuits, not exceed-ing 1,000 V 74.2 1.3 1.7 165.3

850300 Parts of electric motors, generators, generating sets & rotary con-verters 73.8 2.6 3.5 279.0

852871 Reception apparatus for television, whether or not incorporating radio 66.1 - - 164.0

851769 Apparatus for the transmission or reception of voice, images or other 60.3 0.1 0.1 160.1

853620 Automatic circuit breakers for a voltage not exceeding 1,000 volts 59.9 0.1 0.2 56.3

850720 Lead-acid electric accumulators 56.6 0.9 1.5 55.6

854140 Photosensitive semi-conductor device, photovoltaic cells & light emit diodes 54.0 0.01 0.02 111.8

854430 Ignition wiring sets & other wiring sets used in vehicles, aircraft etc 38.8 0.2 0.4 113.8

853400 Printed circuits 35.0 0.1 0.3 130.2

850490 Parts of electrical transformers, static converters and inductors 32.0 0.7 2.1 155.1

850110 Electric motors of an output not exceeding 37.5 W 31.0 0.9 3.0 114.8



3. Plastics and articles (HS-39)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

390110 Polyethylene having a specific gravity of less than 0.94 210.8 0.2 0.1 46.7

390120 Polyethylene having a specific gravity of 0.94 or more 146.8 - - 227.4

392690 Articles of plastics or of other materials 144.1 2.5 1.8 409.9

390690 Acrylic polymers in primary forms 107.6 0.5 0.5 57.8

390319 Polystyrene 71.8 1.4 2.0 99.0

390760 Polyethylene terephthalate 70.3 0.3 0.5 356.1

392410 Tableware and kitchenware of plastics 40.4 0.7 1.6 117.0

392350 Stoppers, lids, caps and other closures of plastics 33.4 1.3 4.0 43.2

390210 Polypropylene 30.8 0.5 1.6 853.4

392490 Household and toilet articles of plastics 29.7 0.7 2.2 35.6

392329 Sacks and bags (including cones) of plastics 28.2 1.1 3.9 239.7

392049 Plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, of non-cellular polymers of vinyl chloride 24.3 0.9 3.6 49.5

392321 Sacks and bags (including cones) of polymers of ethylene 24.1 0.1 0.4 91.6



4. Optical, photo, technical and medical apparatus (HS-90)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in

South Africa’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

901890 Instruments and appliances used in medical or veterinary sciences 406.1 1.4 0.3 142.4

903180 Measuring or checking instruments, appliances and machines 121.6 0.3 0.2 57.0

903289 Automatic regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus 115.9 0.3 0.2 62.7

901839 Needles, catheters, cannulae and the like 77.5 2.8 3.7 140.4

902610 Instruments & apparatus for measuring or check-ing the flow or level of liquids 63.3 6.0 9.5 44.4

901580 Surveying, hydrographic, oceanographic, meteo-rological/ geophysical instruments 36.9 - - 30.5

901819 Electro-diagnostic apparatus 36.7 0.1 0.2 42.1

902214 X-rays apparatus, medical/surgical/veterinary use 31.5 0.01 0.02 107.9

902290 Parts & accessories for app based on the use of X-rays or other radiations 30.9 0.1 0.4 49.5

903290 Parts & access for automatic regulating or control-ling instruments & apparatus 22.2 0.02 0.1 53.3

902830 Electricity supply, production and calibrating meters 21.7 0.01 0.1 85.6

900150 Spectacle lenses of other materials 20.6 0.3 1.7 113.6



5. Rubber and articles (HS-40)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

401120 Pneumatic tires new of rubber for buses or lorries 246.6 3.7 1.5 663.8

401110 Pneumatic tire new of rubber for motor car including sta-tion wagons & racing cars 186.4 1.3 0.7 119.9

401693 Gaskets, washers and other seals of vulcanised rubber 66.9 1.3 1.9 62.6

401699 Articles of vulcanised rubber, other than hard rubber 63.5 4.7 7.4 184.6

401410 Hygienic or pharmaceutical articles of rubber etc sheath contraceptives 30.4 0.7 2.2 37.1

400921 Tubes, pipes and hoses, of vulcanised rubber (excl. hard rubber), rein 24.5 0.4 1.5 36.5

401161 Pneumatic tyres, new, of rubber, having a “herring-bone” 24.3 0.6 2.5 91.3

401511 Gloves surgical of rubber 21.2 0.2 1.0 31.3

401039 Transmission belts or belting, of vulcanised rubber 15.3 0.2 1.5 26.3

400821 Plates, sheets & strip of non cellular rubber, other than hard rubber (vulcanised) 14.2 0.5 3.6 52.1



6. Miscellaneous chemical products (HS-38)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

382200 Composite diagnostic or laboratory reagents 227.9 0.3 0.1 30.3

382490 Chemical/allied industry preparations/prods 171.2 2.9 1.7 133.8

381121 Lubricating oil additives containing pet oils/oils obtained from bitu minerals 149.8 0.1 0.1 26.1

380893 Herbicides, anti-sprouting products and plant-growth regulators 131.6 0.8 0.6 221.9

381700 Mixed alkyl benzenes and mixed alkyl naphthalenes pro-duced by the alkyla 106.3 - - 107.8

380891 Insecticides 106.1 5.4 5.1 802.7

380892 Fungicides 63.0 3.4 5.4 257.1

382319 Industrial fatty acids, acid oils 61.9 0.2 0.3 57.5

381190 Prepared additives for mineral oils or for other similar liquids 44.3 - - 27.6

381590 Reaction initiators, reaction accelerator & catalytic prepa-rations 37.2 0.2 0.6 41.0

381230 Anti-oxidising prep & other compound stabilizers for rub-ber or plastics 25.1 1.0 4.1 52.4

381600 Refractory cements, mortars, concretes and similar com-positions 17.9 0.3 1.7 18.2

380991 Finishing agents, dye carriers & other prep, for use in the textile industry 11.4 0.1 1.0 30.3

382311 Stearic acid 11.1 0.2 1.9 29.9

381511 Supported catalysts, with nickel/nickel compounds as the active substance 10.6 0.3 2.9 49.4



7. Inorganic chemicals (HS-28)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

281820 Aluminium oxide 433.0 1.2 0.3 341.7

283620 Disodium carbonate 28.3 - - 26.5

280300 Carbon (carbon blacks and other forms of carbon) 19.6 1.2 6.3 270.6

282300 Titanium oxides 17.4 0.05 0.3 87.8

283319 Sodium sulphates 8.7 0.2 2.0 18.6

280920 Phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acids 6.8 - - 29.7

281830 Aluminium hydroxide 6.8 0.2 3.0 32.9

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

151790 Edible mixtures or preparations of animal or vegetable fats or oils and edible fractions 18.5 1.5 8.3 7.7

151620 Vegetable fats & oils& fractions hydrogenated, inter/re-esterifid, etc, refined/not 18.0 0.8 4.4 63.5

8. Animal, vegetable fats and oils (HS-15)



9. Paper and paperboard (HS-48)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

481159 Paper and paperboard, surface-coloured, surface-deco-rated or printed, 81.9 2.6 3.2 20.4

480261 Uncoated paper and paperboard, of a kind used for writ-ing, printing or 78.2 0.3 0.4 43.5

481019 Paper and paperboard used for writing, printing or other graphic purpose 57.5 0.1 0.3 29.1

481190 Paper, in rolls or sheets, ctd, impreg, cov, surf-col, surf-dec or printed 48.0 0.2 0.3 39.2

480257 Uncoated paper and paperboard, of a kind used for writ-ing, printing 35.7 1.0 2.8 78.2

480256 Uncoated paper and paperboard, of a kind used for writ-ing, printing or 20.3 0.3 1.5 36.7

482010 Registers, account books, note books, diaries & similar articles of paper 11.7 0.4 3.5 52.7

481920 Cartons, boxes and cases, folding, of non-corrugated paper or paperboard 11.5 0.9 7.9 27.9

482390 Paper and paper articles 9.7 0.8 8.5 182.3




10. Footwear, gaiters and parts (HS-64)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

640299 Footwear, outer soles/uppers of rubber or plastics 353.2 0.3 0.1 39.7

640419 Footwear o/t sports, with outer soles of rubber/plas-tics & uppers of tex mat 198.4 0.1 0.1 18.7

640399 Footwear, outer soles of rubber/plastics uppers of leather 145.3 2.0 1.3 201.0

640411 Sports footwear with outer soles of rubber or plastics & uppers of tex mat 82.2 0.7 0.9 63.3

640391 Footwear, outer soles of rubber/plastic uppers of leather coving ankle 22.3 2.1 9.6 333.6

640340 Footwear, outer sole of rubber/ plastic/ leather, up-pers of leather w/met toe-cap 20.6 0.05 0.2 18.1

640359 Footwear, outer soles and uppers of leather 16.4 1.1 6.5 135.3



11. Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings (HS-94)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

940190 Parts of seats 150.5 2.0 1.3 23.8

940540 Electric lamps and lighting fittings 101.9 0.1 0.1 28.3

940360 Furniture, wooden 96.9 4.9 5.1 379.0

940320 Furniture, metal 48.3 0.2 0.5 26.7

940510 Chandeliers & other electric ceiling or wall lighting fittings 36.5 0.4 1.0 47.6

940490 Articles of bedding/furnishing, stuffed or internally fitted 33.0 1.0 3.2 180.5

940600 Prefabricated buildings 21.1 1.7 8.3 30.8

940599 Lamps and lighting fittings, and parts 9.0 0.1 1.1 23.1



12. Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet (HS-61)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

611030 Pullovers, cardigans and similar articles of man-made fibres, knitted 65.7 0.1 0.1 29.9

610510 Mens /boys shirts, of cotton, knitted 41.6 3.9 9.4 305.4

611020 Pullovers, cardigans and similar articles of cotton, knitted 32.3 0.2 0.5 93.1

611120 Babies garments and clothing accessories of cotton, knitted 29.0 2.0 7.0 447.8

611090 Pullovers, cardigans& similar articles of other textile materials, knitted 17.6 0.01 0.1 33.9

610822 Womens/girls briefs and panties, of man-made fibres, knitted 15.7 0.03 0.2 23.2

610520 Mens/boys shirts, of man-made fibres, knitted 15.2 0.7 4.5 199.8

610821 Womens/girls briefs and panties, of cotton, knitted 14.8 1.2 8.5 148.8

610462 Womens/ girls trousers and shorts, of cotton, knitted 11.8 0.3 2.1 104.3

610620 Womens/ girls blouses and shirts, of man-made fibres, knitted 9.7 0.05 0.5 32.6

610610 Womens/ girls blouses and shirts, of cotton, knitted 9.4 0.7 7.9 171.5

610443 Womens/ girls dresses, of synthetic fibres, knitted 9.4 0.3 2.8 60.5




ANNEXURE - 2Angola – Potential Items of India’s Exports –

as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code1. Machinery and instruments (HS-84)

HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India,

2012 (US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



848190 Parts of taps, cocks, valves or similar appliances 103.1 0.9 0.8 257.6

842952 Shovels and excavators with a 360 revolving superstructure 102.5 0.4 0.4 46.7

841199 Parts of gas turbines 96.3 - - 45.9


843149 Parts of cranes, work-trucks, shovels, and other construction ma-chinery 81.7 0.02 0.03 267.0

847990 Parts of machines & mechanical appliances having individual func-tions 81.4 0.04 0.04 160.9

842230 Machinery for filling/closing/sealing/etc. bottles/can/box/ bag/con-tainers; machinery for aerating beverages 72.9 0.6 0.9 84.6

843049 Boring or sinking machinery, not self-propelled 52.0 - - 38.2

847130 Portable digital computers <10kg 43.7 0.01 0.02 33.4



842619 Transporter or bridge cranes 41.5 - - 41.8

842121 Filtering or purifying machinery and apparatus for water 37.8 1.9 4.9 87.2

841182 Gas turbines of a power exceeding 5000 KW 36.0 - - 51.3


843139 Parts of lifting, handling, loading or unloading machinery 31.9 0.01 0.02 47.6

847490 Parts of sorting/screening/mixing/crushing/grinding/washing/agglom-erating machinery etc 31.8 0.1 0.4 133.7

841490 Parts of vacuum pumps, compressors, fans, blowers, hoods 30.2 0.05 0.2 176.5



841480 Air or gas compressors, hoods 21.2 0.01 0.04 368.0

847150 Digital processing units not sold as complete systems 20.0 - - 127.1




HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

850213 Generating sets, diesel/semi-diesel engines, of an output exceeding 375 KVA 233.5 0.2 0.1 44.3


854449 Electric conductors, for a voltage not exceeding 80 V 113.1 0.02 0.02 47.7

851762 Machines for the reception, conversion and transmission or regeneration 110.5 - - 95.9

850211 Generating sets, diesel/semi-diesel engines, of an output not exceeding 75 KVA 74.2 0.6 0.8 67.5

850212 Generating sets, diesel/semi-diesel exceeding 75 KVA but not exceeding 375 KVA 43.4 0.4 0.9 35.3



854460 Electric conductors, for a voltage exceeding 1,000 V 33.5 2.0 6.0 179.4

852871 Reception apparatus for television, whether or not incorpo-rating radio 31.9 - - 164.0

853690 Electrical app for switching/ protecting electrical circuits, not exceeding 1,000 V 31.5 0.01 0.03 165.3

850710 Lead-acid electric accumulators of a kind used for starting piston engines 28.1 - - 35.6

854442 Electric conductors for a voltage <= 1.000 V, insulated, fitted 26.3 - - 45.3

850300 Parts of electric motors, generators, generating sets & rotary converters 25.8 0.05 0.2 279.0

854370 Electrical machines and apparatus, having individual func-tions 21.0 - - 33.4

851770 Parts of telephone sets, telephones for cellular networks or for other 18.5 0.01 0.03 590.3



3. Articles of iron and steel (HS-73)

HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

730890 Structures & parts of structures, i/s (ex prefab buildings) 196.9 1.6 0.8 394.2

730429 Casings, tubing, drill pipe, for oil drilling use 167.9 - - 80.4

732690 Articles, iron or steel 122.6 0.2 0.2 490.0

730419 Line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines, seam-less, of iron 63.4 0.01 0.01 63.1

730840 Props & similar equipment for scaffolding, shuttering/pit-propping, i/s 37.1 0.5 1.2 112.1

730799 Fittings, pipe or tube, iron or steel 29.0 0.01 0.02 67.9

731100 Containers for compressed or liquefied gas of iron or steel 25.4 0.8 3.0 140.2

730300 Tubes, pipes and hollow profiles of cast iron 23.0 2.2 9.7 225.2

730630 Tubes, pipe & hollow profiles, iron or non-alloy steel, welded, of circular cross section 21.7 0.02 0.1 91.0

730820 Towers and lattice masts, iron or steel 20.3 0.01 0.03 285.4

730441 Tube, pipe & hollow profile, stain steel, smls, cd/cr of circ cross sect 19.0 - - 33.5

731210 Stranded wire, ropes & cables of iron or steel, not electri-cally insulated 17.4 - - 91.8

731815 Bolts or screws, with or without their nuts or washers, iron or steel 17.3 0.04 0.2 254.4

730423 Drill pipe, seamless, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gas, of iron 15.2 - - 108.2

732399 Table, kitchen or other household art & parts, of iron or steel 12.4 0.02 0.2 120.6

732620 Articles of wire, iron or steel 10.0 - - 82.9

730619 Line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines, welded, of flat-rol 10.0 - - 137.5

730690 Tubes, pipe & hollow profiles, iron or steel, welded 9.5 0.02 0.2 113.0

732510 Cast articles of non-malleable cast iron 9.1 - - 101.1



4. Mineral fuels (HS-27)


HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in Angola’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

271019 Other petroleum oils and preparations 658.6 0.1 0.02 30,189.1

271320 Petroleum bitumen 57.7 - - 34.0

270750 Aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures etc 15.0 - - 19.6

271011 Light petroleum oils and preparations 10.1 - - 22,147.8

HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

940320 Furniture, metal 91.9 0.1 0.1 26.7



940599 Lamps and lighting fittings, and parts 40.0 - - 23.1


940429 Mattresses fitted with springs/ stuffed/ internally fitted with any material 21.8 - - 35.5

940510 Chandeliers & other electric ceiling or wall lighting fittings 21.2 - - 47.6

940490 Articles of bedding/furnishing, stuffed or internally fitted 11.7 0.01 0.1 180.5




HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


392321 Sacks and bags (including cones) of polymers of ethylene 37.7 - - 91.6

392330 Carboys, bottles, flasks and similar articles of plastics 31.6 0.2 0.6 18.8

391723 Tubes, pipes and hoses, rigid; of polyvinyl chloride 29.9 0.4 1.2 25.1

391740 Fittings, plastic 19.1 0.3 1.7 17.3


392490 Household and toilet articles of plastics 12.1 0.1 1.0 35.6

390690 Acrylic polymer in primary forms 12.0 - - 57.8

392390 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods of plastics 11.3 0.6 5.0 85.1

392350 Stoppers, lids, caps and other closures of plastics 10.6 0.1 1.0 43.2

392010 Film and sheet etc, non-cellular etc, of polymers of ethyl-ene 9.5 0.2 2.1 31.1


392310 Boxes, cases, crates & similar articles of plastic 9.0 0.1 0.6 44.6

391910 Self-adhesive plates, sheets, film etc, of plastic in rolls <20 cm wide 8.3 - - 17.9

390110 Polyethylene having a specific gravity of less than 0.94 7.3 - - 46.7

390760 Polyethylene terephthalate 6.8 - - 356.1

391990 Self-adhesive plates, sheets, film etc, of plastic 5.8 0.1 2.2 27.8



7. Iron and steel (HS-72)

HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in Angola’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

721070 Flat rolled prod, iron /non-alloy steel, painted, varnished or plast coated,>/=600mm wide 83.3 0.4 0.5 171.9

722830 Bars & rods, alloy steel, o/t stainless nfw thn hot rolled/drawn/ extrud 46.7 - - 48.9

721499 Bars & rods, iron/ nas, forged etc. 16.4 0.01 0.0 26.9

720839 Hot roll iron/steel, coil >600mm x <3mm 15.2 - - 212.9

721012 Flat rolled prod,i/nas, plated or coated with tin,>/=600mm wide,<0.5 mm thick 12.9 - - 45.4

720916 Cold rolled iron/steel, coils >600mm x 1-3mm 11.5 0.02 0.2 26.2

721632 Sections, I,i/nas, nfw than hot rolled, drawn or extruded, height 80mm or more 9.9 0.01 0.1 20.1

721391 Hot rolled bar/rod, irregular coils, <14 mm diameter 9.4 - - 29.4

720917 Cold rolled iron/steel, coils >600mm x 0.5-1-mm 7.8 - - 27.8

720851 Hot roll iron/steel, not coil >600mm x >10mm 7.3 - - 159.0




HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

901580 Surveying, hydrographic, oceanographic, meteorological/geophysical inst 40.5 30.5


901590 Parts and accessories for use with the apparatus 32.8 - - 35.5

902300 Instruments, apparatus and models, designed for demon-strational purposes 24.5 - - 34.2

903289 Automatic regulating or controlling instruments and appa-ratus 17.1 - - 62.7

902610 Instruments & apparatus for measuring or checking the flow or level of liquids 15.1 0.3 2.0 44.4

903180 Measuring or checking instruments, appliances and ma-chines 11.0 - - 57.0

902780 Instruments and apparatus for physical or chemical analysis 10.2 - - 20.6

902830 Electricity supply, production and calibrating meters 9.7 - - 85.6

902620 Instruments and apparatus for measuring or checking pres-sure 9.0 0.01 0.1 22.2

902690 Parts of inst & app for measuring or checking variables of liquid or gases 8.6 - - 24.3

903290 Parts & access for automatic regulating or controlling instru-ments & app 8.2 - - 53.3

902680 Instruments & apparatus for measuring or check variables of liquid or gases 5.9 0.3 5.8 12.3

903090 Parts & access for inst & app for measuring or checking electrical quantities 5.8 - - 13.4

903190 Parts & accessories for measuring or checking inst, appli-ances & machines 5.8 - - 16.3






HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

151790 Edible mixtures/preparation of animal/vegetable fats & oils/of fractions 8.0 - - 7.7

HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

401120 Pneumatic tires new of rubber for buses or lorries 95.6 - - 663.8

401110 Pneumatic tire new of rubber for motor car including sta-tion wagons & racing cars 20.4 - - 119.9


401199 Pneumatic tires new of rubber 8.4 0.2 2.1 680.8

401699 Articles of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber 6.2 0.02 0.4 184.6

HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


381190 Prepared additives for mineral oils or for other similar liquids 27.5 - - 27.6

382440 Prepared additives for ceramics, mortars, concretes 15.6 0.03 0.2 9.1


380899 Rodenticides and other plant protection products put up for retail sale 13.6 0.1 0.4 363.5

380891 Insecticides 13.0 - - 802.7

382319 Industrial fatty acids, acid oils 12.1 - - 57.5



12. Soaps, lubricants, waxes, candles, modelling pastes (HS-34)

13. Sugar and confectionery (HS-17)

HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

340220 Surface-active prep, washing & cleaning prep put up for retail sale 63.8 - - 10.5

340119 Soap & orgn surf prep, shaped; papers & nonwovens impreg with soap/ preps 40.4 0.8 1.9 9.5

340111 Toilet soap & prep, shaped; papers& nonwovens impreg with soap toilet use 30.5 2.1 6.8 55.7

340600 Candles, tapers and the like 23.1 - - 44.3

340290 Surface-active preparations, washing and cleaning prepara-tions 21.7 0.2 1.0 48.9

340120 Soap 8.0 - - 9.9

HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

170199 Refined sugar, in solid form 141.2 0.3 0.2 980.2

170410 Chewing gum containing sugar, except medicinal 21.6 0.01 0.1 7.1

14. Salt, sulphur, stone, plaster (HS-25)

HS Code Commodities

Angola’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Angola’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

252329 Portland cement 136.2 - - 107.6

252310 Cement clinkers 51.1 - - 46.6

250100 Salt (including table salt& denatured salt) pure sodium chlo-ride & sea water 8.9 0.3 3.4 99.5




ANNEXURE - 3Tanzania – Potential Items of India’s Exports –


HS Code Commodities

Tanza-nia’s

Global Imports,

2012 (US$ mn)

Tanza-nia’s

Imports from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in Tanza-nia’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)





847490 Parts of sorting/ screening/mixing/ crushing/grinding/ wash-ing/ agglomerating mach 28.4 0.3 0.9 133.7

842230 Machinery for filling/closing/sealing/etc. bottles/can/box/ bag/containers; machinery for aerating beverages 18.4 1.1 6.2 84.6

847989 Machinery & mechanical appliances having individual func-tions 17.7 0.7 3.8 203.0

841391 Parts of pumps for liquid whether or not fitted with a measur-ing device 17.2 0.6 3.4 194.3



847780 Machinery for working rubber/plastics/for the mfr of prods form these materials 12.0 0.3 2.6 33.6



2. Vehicles other than railway (HS-87)

HS Code Commodities

Tanza-nia’s

Global Imports,

2012 (US$ mn)

Tanza-nia’s

Imports from India,

2012 (US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

870421 Diesel powered trucks with a GVW not exceeding five tonnes 128.6 2.3 1.8 325.6

870323 Automobiles with reciprocating piston engine displacing > 1500 cc to 3000 cc 127.7 0.2 0.1 363.1

871120 Motorcycles with reciprocating piston engine displacing > 50 cc to 250 cc 73.9 8.4 11.4 1,284.8

870210 Diesel powered buses with a seating capacity of > nine persons 59.0 3.5 5.9 231.7

870322 Automobiles with reciprocating piston engine displacing > 1000 cc to 1500 cc 38.5 0.8 2.1 2,634.2

870422 Diesel powered trucks with a GVW exceeding five tonnes but not exceeding twenty tonnes 37.3 4.3 11.6 175.3

870899 Motor vehicle parts 19.4 2.9 15.2 2,528.3

870410 Dump trucks designed for off-highway use 19.3 1.2 6.1 711.0

870590 Special purpose motor vehicles 11.6 2.0 17.6 30.6

871200 Bicycles and other cycles (including delivery tricycles), not motorised 10.5 1.1 10.0 45.1

870290 Buses with a seating capacity of more than nine persons 9.2 - - 19.0




HS Code Commodities

Tanzania’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

851762 Machines for the reception, conversion and transmission or regen-eration 65.2

0.7

1.1

95.9

851770 Parts of telephone sets, telephones for cellular networks or for other 63.6 5.6

8.8

590.3

850211 Generating sets, diesel/semi-diesel engines, of an output not ex-ceeding 75 KVA 22.9

1.2

5.2

67.5

854449 Electric conductors, for a voltage not exceeding 80 V 22.7 0.4

1.6

47.7

851769 Apparatus for the transmission or reception of voice, images or other 22.3 -

- 160.1

854470 Optical fibre cables, made up of individually sheathed fibres 21.4 0.1

0.5

29.6

850213 Generating sets, diesel/semi-diesel engines, of an output exceeding 375 KVA 19.8

0.5

2.3

44.3

853720 Boards, panels, including numerical control panels, for a voltage > 1,000 V 18.2

1.0

5.8

94.1

852910 Aerials & aerial reflectors of all kinds; parts suitable for use therewith 16.9 0.01

0.05

26.5

852872 Reception apparatus for television, colour, whether or not incorporat-ing 16.4

0.2

1.3

28.5

852352 Cards incorporating one or more electronic integrated circuits smart 16.0 0.2

1.5

162.9

850710 Lead-acid electric accumulators of a kind used for starting piston engines 15.2

0.05

0.3

35.6

850212 Generating sets, diesel/semi-diesel exceeding 75 KVA but not exceeding 375 KVA 14.4

0.7

5.2

35.3

851712 Telephones for cellular networks mobile telephones or for other wireless 14.2

0.6

4.5

2,849.6

850440 Static converters 13.1 1.1

8.7

390.8

850433 Transformers electric power handling capacity > 16 KVA but </= 500 KVA 12.8

0.3

2.2

36.9

854140 Photosensitive semi-conductor device, photovoltaic cells& light emit diodes 12.4

0.6

4.9 111.8





HS Code Commodities

Tanza-nia’s

Global Imports,

2012 (US$ mn)

Tanza-nia’s


(US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

151620 Vegetable fats & oils & fractions hydrogenated, inter/re-esterifid, etc, refined/ not 7.2 0.1 0.9 63.5

151590 Vegetable fats &oils & their fractions, refined or not but not chemically mod 5.9 - - 24.8

HS Code Commodities

Tanza-nia’s

Global Imports,

2012 (US$ mn)

Tanza-nia’s


(US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


901580 Surveying, hydrographic, oceanographic, meteorological/geophysical inst 12.7 - - 30.5

901819 Electro-diagnostic apparatus 10.2 0.01 0.1 42.1

902890 Parts & accessories for gas, liquid/electricity supply/pro-duction meters 8.8 0.01 0.1 41.3




HS Code Commodities

Tanza-nia’s

Global Imports,

2012 (US$ mn)

Tanza-nia’s


(US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

252329 Portland cement 47.8 - - 107.6

252310 Cement clinkers 32.7 - - 46.6

250100 Salt (including table salt & denatured salt) pure sodium chlo-ride & sea water 7.4 0.1 1.0 99.5


HS Code Commodities

Tanzania’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



940320 Furniture, metal 5.2 0.1 2.7 26.7




ANNEXURE - 4Zambia – Potential Items of India’s Exports –


HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in Zambia’s Imports

(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

843149 Parts of cranes, work-trucks, shovels, and other construc-tion machinery 116.7 0.7 0.6 267.0

847490 Pts of sorting/ screening/ mixing/crushing/ grinding/washing/agglomerating machinery 87.0 1.5 1.7 133.7

843041 Boring or sinking machinery self propelled 64.9 2.2 3.3 159.8


842952 Shovels and excavators with a 360 revolving superstructure 48.3 - - 46.7




841391 Parts of pumps for liquid whether or not fitted with a measur-ing device 25.6 0.4 1.5 194.3


840890 Engines, diesel 23.4 1.1 4.7 377.4

847420 Crushing/grinding machines for earth/ stone/ores or other minerals subs etc 21.7 2.1 9.7 39.6

848340 Gears & gearing, ball screws, gear boxes, speed changers/torque converters 20.0 0.4 1.8 89.4






HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)




270400 Coke & semi-coke of coal, lignite or peat, agglomerated or not, retort carbon 12.5 - - 145.5

HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

870410 Dump trucks designed for off-highway use 188.9 0.4 0.2 711.0






870423 Diesel powered trucks with a GVW exceeding twenty tonnes 31.0 2.1 6.7 65.5

870190 Wheeled tractors 29.4 2.2 7.6 784.8







HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



730900 Reservoirs, tanks, vats& sim container, cap >300L,i o s (ex liq /compr gas type) 15.8 0.1 0.5 22.2

731815 Bolts or screws with or without their nuts or washers, iron or steel 12.8 0.04 0.3 254.4


731210 Stranded wire, ropes & cables of iron or steel, not electri-cally insulated 11.4 - - 91.8




HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

280200 Sulphur, sublimed or precipitated; colloidal sulphur 67.8 - - 29.4

283620 Disodium carbonate 4.5 0.01 0.2 26.5

283110 Dithionites and sulphoxylates of sodium 4.4 - - 24.8




HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

390210 Polypropylene 52.6 0.01 0.01 853.4



390760 Polyethylene terephthalate 7.8 0.6 7.7 356.1

391721 Tubes, pipes and hoses, rigid; of polyethylene 7.0 - - 40.1

392310 Boxes, cases, crates & similar articles of plastic 6.3 0.1 2 44.6

390690 Acrylic polymers in primary forms 5.2 - - 57.8

390190 Polymers of ethylene in primary forms 4.8 0.2 4.6 39.7

392010 Film and sheet etc, non-cellular etc, of polymers of ethylene 4.4 0.2 3.4 31.1





HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

720839 Hot roll iron/steel, coil >600mm x <3mm 21.6 - - 212.9

721070 Flat rolled prod, i/nas, painted, varnished or plast coated,>/=600mm wide 15.3 0.2 1.1 171.9

721049 Flat rolled prod, i/nas, plated or coated with zinc,>/=600mm wide 13.2 1.0 7.9 807.9

720851 Hot roll iron/steel, not coil >600mm x >10mm 11.2 - - 159.0

721041 Flat rolled prod, i/nas, plated or coated with zinc, corrugated,>/=600m wide 4.2 0.04 0.9 352.8


HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



380893 Herbicides, anti-sprouting products and plant-growth regula-tors 39.6 0.03 0.1 221.9

380891 Insecticides 20.6 0.3 1.4 802.7

380899 Rodenticides and other plant protection products put up for retail sale 8.6 0.8 9.8 363.5

380892 Fungicides 5.6 0.3 4.7 257.1






HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


401110 Pneumatic tire new of rubber for motor car including station wagons & racing cars 18.4 0.2 1.3 119.9


HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

151620 Vegetable fats &oils & fractions hydrogenated, inter/re-esterifid, etc, refined /not 7.4 - - 63.5

HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

250300 Sulphur, except sublimated, precipitated, colloidal 71.8 - - 36.1

250100 Salt (including table salt & denatured salt) pure sodium chloride & sea water 9.7 - - 99.5




HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

481159 Paper and paperboard, surface-coloured, surface-deco-rated or printed 19.2 0.1 0.4 20.4

481910 Cartons, boxes and cases, of corrugated paper or paperboard 6.4 0.2 3.8 30.9

480256 Uncoated paper and paperboard, of a kind used for writ-ing, printing in sheets, length≤435mm 5.3 - - 36.7



HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

902890 Parts & accessories for gas, liquid/electricity supply/pro-duction meters 17.7 - - 41.3



903180 Measuring or checking instruments, appliances and machines 4.7 0.01 0.2 57.0




HS Code Commodities

Zambia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Zambia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


(%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)






ANNEXURE - 5Botswana – Potential Items of India’s Exports –


1. Pearls and precious stones (HS-71)


HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Botswana’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

710231 Diamonds non-industrial unworked or simply sawn, cleaved or bruted 2,103.7 0.5 0.02 1,531.6

HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

271011 Light petroleum oils and preparations 1,030.9 - - 22,147.8

271119 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydro-carbons liquefied 13.1 - - 172.9




HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


847130 Portable digital computers <10kg 47.0 - - 33.4

842952 Shovels and excavators with a 360 revolving superstructure 32.4 0.2 0.6 46.7

842959 Self-propelled excavating machinery 21.4 - - 58.4

847490 Pts of sorting/ screening/mixing/ crushing/ grinding/washing/agglomerating machinery 19.8 0.1 0.3 133.7

847330 Parts & accessories of automatic data pro-cessing machines & units 16.1 0.01 0.03 164.1

843041 Boring or sinking machinery, self propelled 14.8 - - 159.8

848180 Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances 13.8 - - 684.0

843143 Parts of boring or sinking machinery, whether or not self-propelled 9.9 - - 203.1

841391 Parts of pumps for liquid whether or not fitted with a measuring device 8.8 - - 194.3

841290 Parts of hydraulic & pneumatic & other power engines and motors 8.5 - - 39.0

848340 Gears & gearing, ball screws, gear boxes, speed changers/torque converters 7.3 - - 89.4

840820 Engines, diesel, for the vehicles 6.7 - - 72.2

842123 Oil or petrol-filters for internal combustion engines 6.7 - - 32.6





HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


870410 Dump trucks designed for off-highway use 107.9 - - 711.0


870422Diesel powered trucks with a GVW exceed-ing five tonnes but not exceeding twenty tonnes

24.2 - - 175.3

870322 Automobiles with reciprocating piston engine displacing > 1000 cc to 1500 cc 21.2 - - 2,634.2

870421 Diesel powered trucks with a GVW not exceeding five tonnes 19.9 - - 325.6

870210 Diesel powered buses with a seating capac-ity of > nine persons 19.0 0.2 1.3 2,31.7

870190 Wheeled tractors 14.6 - - 784.8

870490 Trucks 8.8 - - 36.5

870829 Parts and accessories of bodies for motor vehicles 6.2 - - 53.1

870850 Drive axles with differential for motor ve-hicles 6.0 - - 129.5

870880 Shock absorbers for motor vehicles 5.2 - - 76.5

870840 Transmissions for motor vehicles 5.1 - - 201.8




HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

853690 Electrical app for switching / protecting elec-trical circuits, not exceeding 1,000 V 12.3 0.01 0.1 165.3

854449 Electric conductors, for a voltage not exceed-ing 80 V 11.6 - - 47.7

850433 Transformers electric power handling capac-ity > 16 KVA but </= 500 KVA 6.9 - - 36.9

851150 Generators and alternators 5.7 - - 32.8



854460 Electric conductors, for a voltage exceeding 1,000 V 5.1 - - 179.4





HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Botswana’s Imports from India, 2012 (US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

730890 Structures & parts of structures, i/s (ex pre-fab buildings) 24.9 0.1 0.2 394.2


730690 Tubes, pipe & hollow profiles, iron or steel, welded 10.2 - - 113.0


732591 Balls, grinding and similar articles of iron or steel, cast for mills 6.2 - - 138.8

730840 Props & similar equipment for scaffolding, shuttering/ pit-propping,i/s 5.8 - - 112.1

HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)






HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



401693 Gaskets, washers and other seals of vulca-nised rubber 5.6 - - 62.6

9. Cereals (HS-10)

HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

100700 Grain sorghum 49.7 - - 47.7

100590 Maize (corn) 16.7 - - 1,117.3

100630 Rice, semi-milled or wholly milled, whether or not polished or glazed 10.4 0.4 4.1 5,710.3

100610 Rice in the husk (paddy or rough) 7.7 - - 85.6

100640 Rice, broken 5.1 - - 286.4






HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

721912 Flat rolld prod, stainless steel,hr, in coil,w>/=600mm,4.75</=thk<10mm 12.8 - - 33.7

HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

481910 Cartons, boxes and cases, of corrugated paper or paperboard 18.1 - - 30.9

480256 Uncoated paper and paperboard, of a kind used for writing, printing 4.4 - - 36.7

HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

252329 Portland cement 72.1 - - 107.6




HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

940540 Electric lamps and lighting fittings 10.2 - - 28.3

940410 Mattress supports 9.0 55.1


940490 Articles of bedding/furnishing, stuffed or inter-nally fitted 4.7 - - 180.5



HS Code Commodities

Botswana’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

340220 Surface-active prep, washing & cleaning prep put up for retail sale 13.0 - - 10.5





ANNEXURE - 6Zimbabwe – Potential Items of India’s Exports –




HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

271019 Other petroleum oils and preparations 990.9 0.02 - 30,189.1



271119 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydro-carbons, liquefied 4.8 - - 172.9

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

870323 Automobiles with reciprocating piston en-gine displacing > 1500 cc to 3000 cc 291.1 - - 363.1


870322 Automobiles with reciprocating piston en-gine displacing > 1000 cc to 1500 cc 123.4 0.2 0.1 2,634.2

870210 Diesel powered buses with a seating capac-ity of > nine persons 45.8 0.1 0.3 231.7

870422Diesel powered trucks with a GVW exceed-ing five tonnes but not exceeding twenty tonnes

40.4 0.2 0.6 175.3

870410 Dump trucks designed for off-highway use 22.8 0.2 0.8 711.0870190 Wheeled tractors 20.1 0.9 4.6 784.8870899 Motor vehicle parts 10.7 0.2 2.0 2,528.3

870321 Automobiles with reciprocating piston en-gine displacing not more than 1000 cc 9.7 - - 1,135.0





HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

847490 Parts of sorting/ screening/mixing/ crushing/ grinding/ washing/ agglomerating machinery 28.5 - - 133.7


847130 Portable digital computers <10kg 20.0 - - 33.4


847420 Crushing/grinding machines for earth/ stone/ores or other minerals subs etc 15.0 0.01 0.1 39.6

842123 Oil or petrol-filters for internal combustion engines 10.2 - - 32.6






841480 Air or gas compressors, hoods 8.4 0.01 0.1 368.0

842230Machinery for filling/closing/sealing/etc. bottles/can/box/ bag/containers; machinery for aerating beverages

8.4 0.03 0.4 84.6



4. Cereals (HS-10)


HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

100590 Maize (corn) 266.5 - - 1,117.3

100640 Rice, broken 91.0 - - 286.4

100110 Durum wheat 53.6 - - 610.6

100190 Wheat and meslin 32.9 - - 739.2

100300 Barley 7.4 - - 35.8

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

151620 Vegetable fats & oils& fractions hydrogenated, inter/ re-esterifid,etc, refined 9.9 - - 63.5




7. Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes (HS-24)

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



390210 Polypropylene 7.5 - - 853.4


392190 Film and sheet etc of plastics 6.6 0.3 5.0 211.2


392020 Film and sheet etc, non-cellular etc, of poly-mers of propylene 5.6 0.4 7.9 210.5

392010 Film and sheet etc, non-cellular etc, of poly-mers of ethylene 5.3 0.1 1.4 31.1

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

240110 Tobacco, unmanufactured, not stemmed or stripped 124.1 - - 90.4

240120 Tobacco, unmanufactured, partly or wholly stemmed or stripped 35.7 0.4 1.2 598.9





HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



732591 Balls, grinding and similar articles of iron or steel, cast for mills 7.8 0.1 1.4 138.8

732690 Articles, iron or steel, 6.4 0.01 0.2 490.0

730690 Tubes, pipe & hollow profiles, iron or steel, welded 5.9 - - 113.0

730820 Towers and lattice masts, iron or steel 5.0 - - 285.4

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

721049 Flat rolled prod, i/nas, plated or coated with zinc,>/=600mm wide 13.2 0.5 4.0 807.9

720917 Cold rolled iron/steel, coils >600mm x 0.5-1 mm 5.6 - - 27.8

721391 Hot rolled bar/rod, irregular coils, <14 mm diameter 5.2 - - 29.4

721499 Bars & rods, iron/nas, forged etc. 4.8 - - 26.9





HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


480256 Uncoated paper and paperboard, of a kind used for writing or printing 7.8 - - 36.7

481920 Cartons, boxes and cases, folding, of non-corrugated paper or paperboard 6.9 - - 27.9

482020 Exercise books of paper 5.0 - - 47.6

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



401410 Hygienic or pharmaceutical articles of rubber etc sheath contraceptives 4.3 - - 37.1


HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

340111 Toilet soap & prep, shaped; papers & non wovens impreg with soap toilet use 14.0 - - 55.7





14. Sugars and sugar confectionery (HS-17)

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

380891 Insecticides 20.2 0.1 0.7 802.7

380893 Herbicides, anti-sprouting products and plant-growth regulators 16.6 - - 221.9

380210 Activated carbon 5.7 0.1 1.2 106.0

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

170199 Refined sugar, in solid form 44.4 0.7 1.6 980.2

170111 Raw sugar, cane 16.3 0.9 5.2 1,008.7

170490 Sugar confectionery (including white choco-late), not containing cocoa 12.3 - - 53.6

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



902214 X-rays apparatus, medical/surgical/veterinary use 5.3 - - 107.9

901819 Electro-diagnostic apparatus 4.1 - - 42.1




17. Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toiletries (HS-33)

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

281511 Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) solid 3.1 0.01 0.4 39.3

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

330210 Mixtures of odoriferous substances for the food or drink industries 29.4 - - 23.7

330499 Beauty or make-up preparations; sunscreen or sun tan preparations 17.7 - - 119.5

18. Miscellaneous edible preparations (HS-21)

HS Code Commodities

Zimbabwe’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

210690 Food preparations 35.7 0.01 0.02 130.3




ANNEXURE - 7Namibia – Potential Items of India’s Exports –



HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

270119 Coal, whether or not pulverised but not agglomerated 15.1 - - 101.6






HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


870421 Diesel powered trucks with a GVW not ex-ceeding five tonnes 62.7 - - 325.6


870422 Diesel powered trucks with a GVW excluding five tonnes but not exceeding twenty tonnes 39.7 - - 175.3

870210 Diesel powered buses with a seating capacity of > nine persons 21.8 - - 231.7

870190 Wheeled tractors 18.1 0.1 0.7 784.8

870423 Diesel powered trucks with a GVW exceeding twenty tonnes 17.3 - - 65.5

870829 Parts and accessories of bodies for motor vehicles 14.7 - - 53.1



870830 Brakes and servo-brakes and their parts, for tractors, motor vehicles 6.8 - - 115.8

870880 Shock absorbers for motor vehicles 6.1 - - 76.5




HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

847490 Pts of sorting/ screening/mixing/ crushing/ grinding/ washing/ agglomerating machinery 27.0 0.1 0.2 133.7



847330 Parts & accessories of automatic data pro-cessing machines & units 18.2 - - 164.1

842959 Self-propelled excavating machinery 18.2 - - 58.4


841391 Parts of pumps for liquid whether or not fitted with a measuring device 14.5 - - 194.3

843149 Parts of cranes, work-trucks, shovels, and other construction machinery 11.9 - - 267.0







HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

710231 Diamonds non-industrial unworked or simply sawn, cleaved or bruted 355.0 0.3 0.1 1,531.6

HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

851712 Telephones for cellular networks mobile tele-phones or for other wireless 33.7 3.1 9.1 2849.6

854420 Co-axial cable and other co-axial electric conductors 25.2 0.01 0.02 29.9

853690 Electrical app for switching/ protecting electri-cal circuits, not exceeding 1,000 V 16.3 - - 165.3



851770 Parts of telephone sets, telephones for cel-lular networks or for other 11.6 - - 590.3

852872 Reception apparatus for television, colour, whether or not incorporating 11.3 - - 28.5

854370 Electrical machines and apparatus, having individual functions 9.7 - - 33.4




7. Beverages, spirits and vinegar (HS-22)

HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


730890 Structures & parts of structures, i/s (ex prefab buildings) 21.0 - - 394.2

730429 Casings ,tubing, drill pipe, for oil drilling use 10.2 - - 80.4


730423 Drill pipe, seamless, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gas, of iron 6.1 - - 108.2

730300 Tubes, pipes and hollow profiles of cast iron 4.8 - - 225.2

732599 Articles of iron or steel, cast 4.6 0.1 1.2 889.2

731210 Stranded wire, ropes& cables of iron or steel, not electrically insulated 4.1 0.1 1.9 91.8

HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

220300 Beer made from malt 27.8 - - 30.0

220830 Whiskies 15.4 0.04 0.2 112.9




HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


392390 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods of plastics 9.1 - - 85.1


390190 Polymers of ethylene in primary forms 5.4 - - 39.7

392321 Sacks and bags (including cones) of polymers of ethylene 5.1 - - 91.6

392490 Household and toilet articles of plastics 4.6 - - 35.6


392310 Boxes, cases, crates & similar articles of plastic 4.3 - - 44.6


HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

281511 Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) solid 26.6 0.1 0.5 39.3

283620 Disodium carbonate 4.5 - - 26.5





12. Sugars and sugar confectionery (HS-17)

HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


901580 Surveying, hydrographic, oceanographic, meteorological/ geophysical instruments 11.7 - - 30.5

901590 Parts and accessories for use with the ap-paratus 10.4 - - 35.5

HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


481920 Cartons, boxes and cases, folding, of non-corrugated paper or paperboard 8.8 - - 27.9

481099 Paper, in rolls or sheets, clay coated 3.8 - - 48.8

HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

170490 Sugar confectionery (including white choco-late), not containing cocoa 26.5 1.1 4.0 53.6



13. Copper and articles (HS-74)

HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

740311 Copper cathodes and sections of cathodes unwrought 92.2 - - 2,221.6


HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

940490 Articles of bedding/furnishing, stuffed or inter-nally fitted 11.3 - - 180.5


940600 Prefabricated buildings 9.4 - - 30.8

940540 Electric lamps and lighting fittings 8.1 - - 28.3

940429 Mattresses fitted with springs/stuffed/internally fitted w/any material 6.0 - - 35.5




HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

330499 Beauty or make-up preparations; sunscreen or sun tan preparations 23.7 0.2 0.8 119.5

330590 Hair preparations 9.1 0.1 0.8 78.6

330300 Perfumes and toilet waters 6.1 0.01 0.1 119.5


HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

721041 Flat rolled prod, i/nas, plated or coated with zinc, corrugated,>/=600m wide 13.1 0.4 3.3 352.8

721049 Flat rolled prod, i/nas, plated or coated with zinc,>/=600mm wide 5.5 - - 807.9

722230 Bars & rods, stainless steel 3.6 - - 27.2


HS Code Commodities

Namibia’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Namibia’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

401110 Pneumatic tire new of rubber for motor car including station wagons & racing cars 21.8 - - 119.9


401199 Pneumatic tires new of rubber 5.6 - - 680.8




ANNEXURE - 8Mozambique – Potential Items of India’s Exports –



HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in Mozam-bique’s Imports, 2012 (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



847420 Crushing/ grinding machines for earth/ stone/ores or other minerals subs etc 61.8 0.2 0.3 39.6



847330 Parts & accessories of automatic data pro-cessing machines & units 23.7 - - 164.1


843049 Boring or sinking machinery not self-propelled 10.1 - - 38.2




843890 Pts of mach for the ind prep/mfr food etc ex for ex/prep vegetable fat/oil 6.4 0.2 3.2 45.4



2. Aluminium and articles (HS-76)


HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Mozam-bique’s Im-ports from India, 2012 (US$ mn)

India’s Share in Mo-zambique’s

Imports, 2012 (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

760110 Aluminium unwrought, not alloyed 295.3 - - 569.6

761090 Structures & parts, alum, eg plate, rods etc, for struct, excl prefab buildings 3.2 0.1 2.5 31.5

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports, 2012 (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)






HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports, 2012 (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

851770 Parts of telephone sets, telephones for cellular networks or for other 30.5 0.02 0.1 590.3

854449 Electric conductors, for a voltage not exceed-ing 80 V 9.7 0.1 0.8 47.7

854511 Carbon or graphite electrodes, of a kind used for furnaces 9.5 - - 283.1

853690 Electrical app for switching/ protecting electri-cal circuits, not exceeding 1,000 V 8.3 0.1 1.5 165.3


850710 Lead-acid electric accumulators of a kind used for starting piston engines 8.1 - - 35.6

850421 Liquid dielectric transformers having a power handling capacity </= 650 KVA 6.7 0.5 6.9 109.1

854419 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) winding wire 5.7 0.5 8.8 57.7


5. Articles of leather (HS-42)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports, 2012 (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

420329 Gloves mittens & mitts, o/t for sport, of leather or of composition leather 70.9 0.01 0.01 234.1




HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports, 2012 (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



940320 Furniture, metal 7.5 0.1 0.9 26.7


HSCode Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Mozam-bique’s

Imports from India, 2012 (US$ mn)

India’s Share in Mozam-

bique’s Imports, 2012 (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012 (US$ mn)

330610 Dentifrices 3.9 0.1 1.8 40.9




ANNEXURE - 9Mauritius – Potential Items of India’s Exports –


1. Machinery and instruments (HS - 84)

HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn

Mauritius’ Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn

India’s Share in

Mauritius’ Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


840890 Engines, diesel 24.3 - - 377.4


847330 Parts & accessories of automatic data pro-cessing machines & units 20.1 0.1 0.3 164.1




841810 Combined refrigerator-freezers, fitted with separate external doors 6.3 0.1 2.3 38.0





HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



870421 Diesel powered trucks with a GVW not ex-ceeding five tonnes 41.6 0.7 1.6 325.6




870600 Chassis fitted with engines for the vehicles 5.1 0.2 4.3 247.4

870422 Diesel powered trucks with a GVW exceeding five tonnes but not exceeding twenty tonnes 4.9 - - 175.3




HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn


from India, 2012

(US$ mn

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

710231 Diamonds non-industrial unworked or simply sawn, cleaved or bruted 53.2 - - 1,531.6

711319 Articles of jewelry & pt of/or precious metal w/n plated/clad with precious metal 43.3 0.3 0.8 17,276.7

710239 Diamonds non-industrial excluding mounted or set diamonds 17.5 1.1 6.2 20,819.5

710812 Gold in unwrought forms non-monetary 4.6 - - 31.0


HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


392690 Articles of plastics or of other materials of nos 39.01 to 39.14 9.4 0.6 6.9 409.9

392490 Household and toilet articles, of plastics 6.6 0.3 4.7 35.6

390190 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms 6.5 - - 39.7


390690 Acrylic polymers, in primary forms 5.6 0.2 4.1 57.8




5. Articles of iron or steel (HS-73)

HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)






HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

721090 Flat rolled prod, i/nas, clad, plated or coated, >/=600mm wide 10.7 0.1 0.9 107.7

721590 Bars & rods, i/nas 4.0 0.03 0.6 20.7

HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


903289 Automatic regulating or controlling instru-ments and apparatus 7.8 0.2 2.6 62.7




HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

940320 Furniture, metal 11.7 0.02 0.1 26.7


940510 Chandeliers & other electric ceiling or wall lighting fittings 7.7 0.02 0.2 47.6



HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

481099 Paper, in rolls or sheets, clay coated 4.6 0.03 0.7 48.8

482110 Paper labels of all kinds, printed 4.4 0.1 1.8 16.2


HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

240220 Cigarettes containing tobacco 63.3 0.3 0.5 84.2



11. Salt, sulphur, earth, stone, plaster, lime and cement (HS-25)


HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

252329 Portland cement 63.0 - - 107.6

HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

151620 Vegetable fats &oils& fractions hydrogenated, inter/re-esterifid, etc, refined/not 6.6 - - 63.5

13. Aluminium and articles (HS-76)

HS Code Commodities

Mauritius’ Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

760429 Bars, rods and other profiles, aluminium al-loyed 18.7 0.002 0.01 29.5

761090 Structures & parts, alum, eg plate, rods etc, for structures, excluding prefab buildings 7.2 0.1 0.8 31.5

761290 Container, alum,cap <300L,lined/heat insul/nt,n/ftd w/mech/thermo equip 5.6 0.01 0.2 32.1

761699 Articles of aluminium 4.6 0.1 2.2 251.5




ANNEXURE - 10DR Congo – Potential Items of India’s Exports –


1. Machinery and instruments (HS - 84)

HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

847490 Parts of sorting/ screening/ mixing/ crushing/ grinding/washing/agglomerating machinery 56.9 0.2 0.3 133.7





848340 Gears & gearing, ball screws, gear boxes, speed changers/torque converters 13.1 0.1 0.6 89.4




840999 Parts for diesel and semi-diesel engines 7.6 - - 483.3

843139 Parts of lifting, handling, loading or unloading machinery 7.3 0.03 0.4 47.6

847330 Parts & accessories of automatic data pro-cessing machines& units 7.0 - - 164.1


841480 Air or gas compressors, hoods 6.5 - - 368.0




HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

851762 Machines for the reception, conversion and transmission or regeneration 54.7 0.2 0.4 95.9





851770 Parts of telephone sets, telephones for cel-lular networks or for other 16.7 - - 590.3

850213 Generating sets, diesel/semi-diesel engines, of an output exceeding 375 KVA 14.6 - - 44.3

854460 Electric conductors, for a voltage exceeding 1,000 V 13.4 0.04 0.3 179.4

850211 Generating sets, diesel/semi-diesel engines, of an output not exceeding 75 KVA 11.2 0.4 4.0 67.5

853690 Electrical app for switching/ protecting electri-cal circuits, not exceeding 1,000 V 9.4 0.03 0.3 165.3

854442 Electric conductors for a voltage <= 1.000 V, insulated, fitted with c 8.9 - - 45.3

854470 Optical fibre cables, made up of individually sheathed fibres 8.9 - - 29.6

850300 Parts of electric motors, generators, generat-ing sets & rotary converters 7.3 0.05 0.6 279.0





HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)




730840 Props & similar equipment for scaffolding, shuttering/pit-propping,i/s 12.8 - - 112.1




732591 Balls, grinding and similar articles of iron or steel, cast for mills 8.0 0.1 1.3 138.8

730721 Flanges, stainless steel 6.0 - - 170.0




HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



270400 Coke & semi-coke of coal, lignite or peat, ag-glomerated or not, retort carbon 16.0 - - 145.5

271210 Petroleum jelly 6.2 0.2 2.5 55.3


HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

391721 Tubes, pipes and hoses, rigid; of polyethylene 16.4 0.3 1.8 40.1

390210 Polypropylene 14.9 - - 853.4





391723 Tubes, pipes and hoses, rigid; of polyvinyl chloride 4.1 0.1 3.6 25.1



6. Meat and edible meat offal (HS-02)

HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

020629 Bovine edible offal, frozen 6.8 - - 73.0

7. Cereals (HS-10)

HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

100640 Rice, broken 18.3 - - 286.4


HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

252329 Portland cement 45.0 - - 107.6

250100 Salt (including table salt & denatured salt) pure sodium chloride & sea water 11.7 - - 99.5

250300 Sulphur, except sublimated, precipitated, col-loidal 8.7 - - 36.1

252100 Limestone flux; limestone & other calcareous stone, for lime or cement 8.4 - - 41.5




10. Other made textile articles (HS-63)

11. Cotton (HS- 52)

HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

720852 Hot roll iron/steel, not coil >600mm x 4.75-10-mm 7.5 - - 29.7

721070 Flat rolled prod, i/nas, painted, varnished or plastic coated,>/=600mm wide 5.2 - - 171.9

721499 Bars & rods, iron/nas, forged etc. 3.5 - - 26.9

HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

630900 Worn clothing and other worn articles 59.1 2.7 4.6 64.6

HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

520852 Plain weave cotton fabric,>/=85%, >100 g/m2 to 200 g/m2, printed 70.7 2.2 3.1 131.3




HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


401410 Hygienic or pharmaceutical articles of rubber etc sheath contraceptives 6.3 0.4 6.5 37.1

401199 Pneumatic tires new of rubber 5.2 - - 680.8


HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


940360 Furniture, wooden 5.0 - - 379.0


HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

151620 Vegetable fats & oils& fractions hydrogenat-ed, inter/re-esterifid, etc, refined/not 9.6 - - 63.5



15. Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products (HS-19)

HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

190190 Malt extract & food prep of Ch 19 <50% cocoa & hd 0401 to 0404 < 10% cocoa 33.6 - - 81.8


HS Code Commodities

DR Congo’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)



India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


340111 Toilet soap & prep, shaped; papers& nonwo-vens impreg with soap toilet use 8.6 0.1 1.5 55.7




ANNEXURE - 11Madagascar – Potential Items of India’s Exports –



HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Madagas-car’s

Imports from India,

2012 (US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Madagas-car’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Madagas-car’s

Imports from India,

2012 (US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Madagas-car’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)









HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Madagas-car’s Im-

ports from India, 2012 (US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Madagas-car’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

870421 Diesel powered trucks with a GVW not ex-ceeding five tonnes 46.0 0.03 0.1 325.6




870410 Dump trucks designed for off-highway use 8.1 - - 711.0


870210 Diesel powered buses with a seating capacity of > nine persons 5.2 - - 231.7

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Madagas-car’s

Imports from India, 2012 (US$

mn)

India’s Share in

Madagas-car’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


851712 Telephones for cellular networks mobile tele-phones or for other wireless 6.7 - - 2,849.6



851770 Parts of telephone sets, telephones for cel-lular networks 4.8 0.4 8.9 590.3




HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Madagas-car’s

Imports from India,

2012 (US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Madagas-car’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

250300 Sulphur, except sublimated, precipitated, col-loidal 24.7 - - 36.1

252329 Portland cement 24.3 2.0 8.1 107.6

252100 Limestone flux; limestone & other calcareous stone, for lime or cement 11.1 0.001 0.01 41.5


HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Madagas-car’s

Imports from India,

2012 (US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Madagas-car’s Im-ports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

730890 Structures & parts of structures, i/s (ex prefab-ricated buildings) 7.2 0.02 0.3 394.2


730729 Fittings pipe or tube of stainless steel 4.3 - - 30.4


HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Madagas-car’s

Imports from India,

2012 (US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Madagas-car’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

151620 Vegetable fats & oils & fractions hydrogenat-ed, inter/ re-esterifid, refined / not 2.5 - - 63.5




HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Madagas-car’s

Imports from India,

2012 (US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Madagas-car’s

Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

382319 Industrial fatty acids, acid oils 9.4 - - 57.5

380891 Insecticides 9.0 0.1 1.0 802.7


382490 Chemical /allied industry preparations /prod-ucts 4.0 0.02 0.5 133.8




ANNEXURE - 12Malawi – Potential Items of India’s Exports –



HS Code Commodities

Malawi’s ‘s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Malawi’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)




HS Code Commodities

Malawi’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Malawi’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

851712 Telephones for cellular networks, mobile telephones or for other wireless 14.4 - - 2,849.6


854449 Electric conductors, for a voltage not exceeding 80 V 6.5 - - 47.7





HS Code Commodities

Malawi’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Malawi’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

252310 Cement clinkers 34.0 - - 46.6

252329 Portland cement 17.6 - - 107.6

250100 Salt (including table salt & denatured salt) pure sodium chloride & sea water 8.7 0.1 1.1 99.5


HS Code Commodities

Malawi’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Malawi’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


482020 Exercise books of paper 7.8 0.1 1.3 47.6


HS Code Commodities

Malawi’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Malawi’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

340111 Toilet soap & preparations, shaped; papers & nonwovens impreg with soap toilet use 2.0 0.01 0.3 55.7




HS Code Commodities

Malawi’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Malawi’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

730890 Structures & parts of structures, i/s (excluding prefabricated buildings) 4.8 0.2 4.0 394.2


HS Code Commodities

Malawi’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Malawi’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

280200 Sulphur, sublimed or precipitated; colloidal sulphur 11.9 - - 29.4

8. Cereals (HS-10)

HS Code Commodities

Malawi’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Malawi’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

100110 Durum wheat 21.7 - - 610.6

100190 Wheat and meslin 11.9 - - 739.2




HS Code Commodities

Malawi’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Malawi’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)


Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

240120 Tobacco, unmanufactured, partly or wholly stemmed or stripped 16.1 - - 598.9

240110 Tobacco, unmanufactured, not stemmed or stripped 10.9 - - 90.4

240220 Cigarettes containing tobacco 4.7 - - 84.2




ANNEXURE - 13Seychelles– Potential Items of India’s Exports –

as per 6-digit HS Commodity Code1. Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates (HS-03)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

030342 Tunas, yellow fin, frozen, livers and roes 85.2 - - 18.0

030343 Skipjack or stripe-bellid bonito, frozen, livers & roes 46.0 - - 11.7


HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



847330 Parts & accessories of automatic data processing machines & units 3.0 0.03 0.9 164.1





HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

851770 Parts of telephone sets, telephones for cel-lular networks or for other 4.3 0.01 0.1 590.3

850231 Wind-powered generating equipment 4.3 - - 43.8

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

271019 Other petroleum oils and preparations 16.6 - - 30,189.1


HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

940600 Prefabricated buildings 2.4 - - 30.8




6. Beverages, spirits and vinegar (HS-22)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

220830 Whiskies 1.7 0.01 0.7 112.9


HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

481920 Cartons, boxes and cases, folding, of non-corrugated paper or paperboard 2.9 0.01 0.2 27.9





ANNEXURE - 14Swaziland– Potential Items of India’s Exports –



HS Code Commodities

Swaziland’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Swaziland’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Swaziland’s Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


851712 Telephones for cellular networks mobile tele-phones or for other wireless 5.3 0.1 1.1 2,849.6


HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


842240 Packing or wrapping machinery 1.1 - - 34.2

841430 Compressors of a kind used in refrigerating equipment 1.1 - - 25.4



3. Cotton (HS-52)

HS Code Commodities


Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)


from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

520100 Cotton, not carded or combed 6.5 - - 3,647.1




ANNEXURE - 15Lesotho– Potential Items of India’s Exports –


1. Knitted or crocheted fabric (HS-60)

HS Code Commodities

Lesotho’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Lesotho’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in

Lesotho’s Imports (%)

India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

600410 Knitted or crocheted fabrics, of a width of > 30 cm, containing >= 5% 27.7 - - 10.5

600622 Dyed cotton fabrics, knitted or crocheted, of a width of > 30 cm 7.3 - - 34.6


HS Code Commodities

Lesotho’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Lesotho’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)


850410 Ballasts for discharge lamps or tubes 4.0 - - 35.5




HS Code Commodities

Lesotho’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Lesotho’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)



4. Manmade staple fibres (HS-55)

HS Code Commodities

Lesotho’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Lesotho’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

550810 Sewing thread of synthetic staple fibres 3.9 - - 8.4


HS Code Commodities

Lesotho’s Global

Imports, 2012

(US$ mn)

Lesotho’s Imports

from India, 2012

(US$ mn)

India’s Share in


India’s Global

Exports, 2012

(US$ mn)

392690 Articles of plastics or of other materials 1.3 - - 409.9


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