About SAP and More

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About SAP and more

SAP Basis, ABAP Programming and Other IMG Stuff

http://www.sap-img.com/index.htm

The SAP R/3 contents for this site will be on ABAP, BAPI, ALV programming, SAPscripts, SmartForms,

ATT, LS!", #!S an$ other I!% st&ff li'e !!, L(, S#, PP, AP), "F, *+, P!, PS, !, *R, FI, ), B"an$ B-

For SAP .ABAP, Basis A$ministration, Application $isc&ssion, 0o& can ma'e &se$ of the SAP an$ ABAPfor&m- It also ser1e as a place where SAP f&nctional tips an$ sample ABAP programsare poste$-

If 0o& are searching for a SAP 2obs or &st want to ha1e a feel of the SAP 2obs mar'et, 0o& can ma'e &se$of the SAP 2obs )pport&nit0For&m-

The 4ew SAP Tips will be shown on the right col&mn &n$er the Title 4ew SAP Tips 2&st Arri1e$- TheArchi1e Tips can still be fo&n$ in their in$i1i$&al mo$&les-

If 0o& operate a SAP relate$ website an$ are loo'ing for contents contrib&tions, then ha1e a loo' at o&r Freecontents page 5 Free SAP ontents for 0o&r "eb Site-

Share a SAP Tips with the SAP comm&nit0 b05S&bmitting a SAP Basis, F&nctional Tips or ABAP Programs.

Overview of SAPSAP Intro$&ction"hat is SAP Lan$scape6

SAP General FAQFin$ the list of SAP Tco$es

(as0 to Remember .SAPTransactiono$esBasic 7nowle$ge an$ S0stem4a1igation &estion

SAP Logistics Modules!aterial !anagementLogistics (8ec&tionSales an$ #istrib&tionPro$&ction Planning an$ ontrol&alit0 !anagementPlant !aintenance

Proect S0stem

SAP Financial ModulesFinancial Acco&nting an$ ontrolling

SAP Human ResourcesPersonnel !anagement

SAP System AdministrationBasis omponentsSapg&i, +ni8, SAP ITS, Ro&ter,lient op0 an$ I#(S

Generic SAP ToicsSAP Tic'ets 9 "hat Is That6

"hat Are F&nctional Specification6

Role of a SAP F&nctinal ons&ltant

Role of SAP ons&ltant In Testing

Roles an$ Responsibilities of (n$+sers

"hat Are SAP (n$ +ser !an&al

The top ten IT s'ills to ha1e for thene8t few 0ears

!ini SAP S0stem Re:&irement an$

*ow to %et It

!mlementing SAPS&ccessf&ll0 Implementing SAP

Free A"AP e"oo# $ownloadSAP !!, S#, FI, PS, PP, P!, *R,S0stem Tables

ABAP/; FA9 #ata #ictionar09 Reporting9 #ata !o$eler9 #ialog Programming

SAP "oo#s and e"oo#sSams Teac% &ourself SAPin '( Hours )'nd *dition+

SAP ,et-eaver For $ummies

Suly .%ain Management"ased on SAP Systems

/// 0rowse more SAP "oo#s

SAP Training ."T.omuter "ased Training onSAPFunctional1 "asis Administrationand A"AP2( Programming

,ew SAP Tis 3ust ArrivedTas' Specifc S# Transactiono$es


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A"AP -or#0enc%ABAP Programming *ints

B# Programming TipsABAP F&nctions (8amplesBAPI Programming

SAP FormsSapscriptsSmartForms

SAP Functional vs A"AP Training

Learning ABAP or SAP Application

SAP 3o0s Forum for SAPRecruiterand 3o0s See#ersSAP 2obs )pport&nit0

SAP Lin#sLin's of SAP websites

9 SL/Performance9 SAPscripts9 +ser (8its9 "or'bench )rgani>er9 Sample (8am &estions

.ross5Alications .omonentsB&siness Information "areho&seA$1ance$ Planner an$ )ptimi>erSAP B&siness "or'flow*an$ling +nits !anagement#oc&ment !anagement S0stemSAP #ata !igration with LS!"omp&ter Ai$e$ Test ToolSAP9R! Inter1iew &estions

)r$er

*&man Reso&rce Inter1iew&estions

"hat The #ifferences BetweenABAP an$ *R9ABAP

Integration Between P!, ! an$PP in SAP

Process )f Importe$ !aterial "ith(8cise

#ifference between !RP 1s !PS

Re1ersal (ntr0 In Acco&nting

Transport g&i$e Tips for #ifferentSAP )bects

Proce$&re For So&rce Inspection

"hen is a !aterial B)! 4ot(8plo$e$6

Miscellaneous .ontentsFree Pop9&p Stopper for Internet (8plorer)racle #atabase, SL, Application, Programming Tips2a1a Programming *ints an$ Tips

SAP Certification ExamSAP FI/) ertification Sample&estions an$ Answers

FICO Sample QuestionsFI/) Inter1iew &estionsSAF FI Technical Inter1iew &estions ?SAF FI Technical Inter1iew &estions


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Assets an$ Liabilities losing Tco$es

SAP FI CO Ta"leImportant Tables in SAP FIImportant Tables in SAP )Important Tables in SAP AA

Account PostingIn1entor0 Acco&nting (ntriesSales an$ #istrib&tion Acco&nting(ntriesVen$or In1oice Verification Acco&nting(ntriesRe1ersal (ntr0 In Acco&nting

FI Fre#uentl$ Ased QuestionSAP FI FA

SAF FI Fre:&entl0 As'e$ &estions ?SAF FI Fre:&entl0 As'e$ &estions


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Partic&lar ompan0

Account Pa$a"leonfig&re the #ata !e$i&m (8changefor ma'ing pa0mentsSet the baseline $ateGIn1oice $ateFB=D, FBHD, 4o $oc&ment n&mber was$ispla0!IR) 4o FI $oc&ment after &pgra$ing to;-H8To a1oi$ transfer posting of the same1en$or in1oice#ifferent Between Posting, lear an$Pa0mentVen$ors not &se$ within a specifie$perio$#elin' he:&e Pa0ment from Pa0ment#oc&ment*ow #own Pa0ments Are onfig&re$Setting +p !an&al C A&tomatic Pa0mentProgramFI &estions abo&t %R/IRRec&rring #oc&ments an$ Interestalc&lation+p$ate Tra$ing Partner Fiel$ for Poste$#oc&mentsProcess )f Letter o re$it for Imports

Arc'i)ingReasons For Archi1ing Financial

Acco&nting #ataSAP Financial/Controlling Forum at t'e con)enient of $our mail "ox(8change SAP FI/) problems/sol&tions, tips, i$eas with other SAP FI/) peers from aro&n$ the globe-

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Here is an eg of a ticket raise:

$nd user is not able to

+. 8reate &ales order for a customer from a 4ew plant ! since shipping point determination is not

happened . ) 1ithout &hipping point the document becomes I483"(#$T$ and he will not be able

to proceed further like $#I9$,?! ;I##I4@*.

He raises a ticket and the priority is set in one of the below:

+. #ow . "edium 0. High.

4ow you need to sole this ticket. ?ou would analyze the problem and identify that the &(

configuration has to be done for the new plant.

?ou would re6uest a transport for $9 8#I$4T to ;'&I&. ?ou do the change and ,e6uest one

more Transport to ;'&I& for ' client. The $nd user will test the same by creating a sales order

for the new plant and approe it.

Ainally! you re6uest a transport to moe the changes to (,3$T is closed. 1hat I hae gien is a small example. ?ou would

get some real issues with seerity HI@H in your day-day support.

What Are unctiona! S"ecification in SAP?

To speak at macro leel that is at pro%et manager or at senior leels. The Aunctional &pec

)&pecification* which is a comprehensie document is created after the )&,&* &oftware

,e6uirements ocument. It proides more details on selected items originally described in the

&oftware ,e6uirements Template. $lsewhre organizations combine these two documents into a

single document.

The Aunctional &pecification describes the features of the desired functinality.. It describes the

productBs features as seen by the stake holders!and contains the technical information and the data

needed for the design and deelopement.

The Aunctional &pecification defines what the functionality will be of a particulat area that is to be

precise a transaction in &'( terminology.

The Aunctional &pecification document to create a detailed design document that explains in detail

how the software will be designed and deeloped.

The functional specification translates the &oftware ,e6uirements template into a technical

description which

a* $nsures that the product feature re6uirements are correctly understood before moing into the

next step! that is detchnical deelopement process.

b* 8learly and unambiguously proides all the information necessary for the technical consultants

to deelop the ob%ects.

't the consultant leel the functional spects are preapred by functinal consultants on any

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functionality for the purpose of getting the same functinality designed by the technical pepole as

most of the times the functionalities according to the re6uirements of the clients are not aailable on

ready made basis.

#et me throw some light on documentation which is prepared before and in a pro%ect:

+* Templates

* Heat 'nalysis -

0* Ait @ap or @ap 'nalysis

2* ;usiness (rocess esign

5* ;usiness (rocess "odel

7* ;usiness 8hange C Impact

D* 8onfiguration esign! which is %ust 5 E of Total &'(- hae different names -

F* Auture Impact C 8hange 'ssessement

G* Aunctional esign )"odule 1ise*

+* ,isk 'ssessement

++* (rocess "etrics and "any "ore-- 1hich has impact on ;usiness and its work flow

4ote This documents are preapared in 9anilla &'( &tandards -- Things differ from one

implementation to another! and it always depends on the type of business which is opting for &'(.

#o!e of a SAP unctiona! $onsu!tant

or those %ho %ished to kno% the ro!e of a functina! consu!tant. ;elow is one iew:

' functional consultant ealuates the demands in talking with the customerBs representaties!

transforms the essence into an abstract and algorithmic business model. Hence! he identifies the usecases and transforms them into logical and technical iews.

Then the main task starts: customizing the respectie business area and making sure the system

reacts in the manner according to the constraints of the re6uested use case.

The consultant documents the settings and prepares proper guidelines that allow other consultants to

do further changes or repairs with due efforts.

The consultant takes care that proper training is gien to the users and that the system is usable!

performing appropriately and the business flow is complete and correct.

uring go lie he assists the technical staff by testing the behaiour of the system.

'fter go lie he guarantees that the procedures remain usable and consistent in real lie situation

and proposes enhancements.

The main duty of a consultant is to transfer external know-how to the client. It is not manpower that

counts but intelligence! understanding of processes! a feeling for defects and general a common

sense.

#o!e of a unctiona! $onsu!tant in an &nd To &nd Im"!ementation

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1hen you talk about the role of a Aunctional consultant in an end to end implementation! I think it

wonBt be possible for me or anybody to define eerything but I will try to summarize it:

+. Aunctional consultant is expected to generate knowledge about the current business process!

design current business flows! study current business processes and its complication! in all we can

say getting through with current business setup. Alow diagrams and A are prepared! most of thetime in 9ision format! all this forms the part of '& I& document.

. $erything configured has to be documented as per their categories in the form of predefined

templates! these hae to be then approed by the team leads or who eer the consultant is reporting

to.

0. "apping and @'( analysis is done for each module! I hae seen people defining integration after

mapping! gap analysis and configuration is done! but as per my experience in implementation! it is a

simultaneous process.

2. ;efore starting configuring future business processes in &'(! the A/$, are prepared! thisdocumentation is called T3 ;$! which can be also siad as the result of mapping and gap analysis.

5. &ometimes Aunctional consultants are also expected to prepare test scripts for testing the

configured scenarios.

7. $nd user manual and user training is also expected from A.8onsultants.

The pro%ect normally starts off with a >ick off meeting in which the team size! team members!

reporting system! responsibilities! duties! methodlogy! dates and schedules! working hours which

hae been predicided are formally defined.

'&'(! it wonBt be possible for me to explain it here! but all I can tell you about it is that it is &'(

standard implementation methodology! which &'( prescribes but is not mandatory for any

company to follow! such as I;" follow some blue "ethodlogy! some companies follow typical

steps! '&'( stands for 'ccerlated &'(! you can find all the steps on &'( site! through

google! reading it from there wonBt gie you a great knowledge about '&'( but will obiously get

you to know the definitions of arious term.

#o!e of SAP $onsu!tant In Testing

'. What is the ro!e of S( $onsu!tant in Testing %hi!e im"!ementing the "ro)ect?

*. What is +nit testing and Integration Testing?

Testing : the core team members along with endusers will test whether the postings done in &'( is

resulting as per the re6uirements of the organisation. They will test whether the output documents

such as purchase order! inoice document are printed in the re6uired format and showing the correct

data.


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Integration testing will be cross the modules. ""-&-AI83 for example. Integration testing is also

called &IT ) &ystem integration testing*

Testing mathologies and types: there are 7 types of testings:

+.


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Technical


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&'( $nd user only use the &'( system %ust to fetch some info! or to create new thing. &o a end user

is %ust using the final product which it is meant for and consultnat design the product/updation and

modification.

The roles and responsibilities of end users is working in easy access menu they will not hae

authorizations of using img settings if they get doubt they will send 6uery to the implementedcompany and %ust entering day to day transactions.

#o!es and #es"onsi/i!ities of &nd +ser


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Hence we should prepare a document which explains the following things comfortably:

'* 'll the buttons and &creens we hae in sap and its importance for an end-user.

;* 'll the transaction codes used by end user.

8* The &T$( by &T$( usage methodology with screen shots and explanatory foot notes for eachTransaction code.

* (repare a book a table and columns which should hae the following information:

- &l.43.

- Transaction 8ode

- 4aigation path

-


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Successfu!!1 Im"!ementing SAP

Implementing a package can be a traumatic affair for both the customer and the endor. @et it

wrong and the endor may get paid late or hae to resort to lawyers to get paid and tarnish their

reputation. Aor the company the new package may not work the way they expected! be late or cost

a more than budgeted for and take management will take their eye off running their business.

,ecently a client asked me what I would consider to be the fie most important things one should

consider before embarking on an implementation. This isnBt a simple 6uestion! although there are

many factors to think about after some consideration for me the top fie are way ahead of the

others.

"y top fie factors to consider would be:

+. &et up a (ro%ect ;oard!

. &ecure the resources!0. 8omplete the @'( 'nalysis!

2. Hae detailed 8ut 3er (lans!

5. Train the users.

Taking each one in turn:

The Pro)ect Board

The correct set up and operation of the (ro%ect ;oard in my iew is ma%or factor in the success

failure of the pro%ect. The (ro%ect ;oard will consist of the stakeholders! key users and the

endor. The (ro%ect ;oard is part of the goernance of the pro%ect. The (ro%ect ;oard will meet

regularly to ensure that the pro%ect plans are created and being executed as planned! moes fromstage to stage with all the delierables being signed off is resourced properly.

The #esources

Three types of resources are absolutely necessary -- end users! change team and technicians.

$arly inolement by the end users is absolutely necessary! as they will be the ones liing with the

system for hopefully many years to come. They will want to feel inoled in its implementation.

;uy in from the end users of the system is absolutely essential if the system is to hae a long and

stable life in any organisation.

The 8hange Team will identify the gaps between the package and the business re6uirements! re-

engineer some of the businesses process to cope with the package! train the users to ensure

implementation is smooth as possible into the business.

The Technical Team will prepare the systems enironment for the package! apply any software

fixes from the endor! implement the software in the best way possible for the organisation set up

and tune the software for the particular technical enironment.

GAP Ana!1sis

' through gap analysis will identify the gaps between how the business operates ad its needs

against what the package can canBt do. Aor each gap there will be one of three outcomes which

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must be recorded and actioned! @'( must be closed and customised software can be deeloped

close the gap! @'( must be closed but software cannot be written therefore a workaround is

re6uired! @'( does not need to be closed.

In simple terms: @ap means small cracks. In &'( world. In information technology! gap analysis is

the study of the differences between two different information systems or applications) exJ existingsystem or legacy system with 8lient and new is &'(*! often for the purpose of determining how to

get from one state to a new state. ' gap is sometimes spoken of as =the space between where we are

and where we want to be.= @ap analysis is undertaken as a means of bridging that space.

'ctual gap analysis is time consuming and it plays ital role in blue print stage.

$ut Oer P!ans

etailed plans need to be deeloped for cutting oer from the old system)s* to the new. (arallel

runs of what will happen oer the conersion period using test data! conert and watch for a period

after wards to ensure nothing unexpected happens.

Train +sers1ell trained users will support and defend the system on site.


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4 $an ia T.$ode B5'6 /1 se!ecting endor %ith "!ant reference in se!ection using search

he!" fie!d grou".

(lant is not a field for finance or in sap it is AI module - this is for (( and "" module! In case

re6uired! please define that as AI ob%ect for AI reports - like ;' and so on. 8onfigure the plant as a

;' and in all AI places you can capture ;' in line items of endors.

&pent little time on going through arious standard reports of &'( which are ery rich in itself - for

each report it has options of all fields of master data ! all fields of AI document means around in my

opinion around 2M options to select. Hence we should first get an idea of fields in masters and

documents and how they are updated.

To /ecome a good consu!tant.... &er1 re"ort of SAP standard is a gem- but we always look

for A'&T A33 without understanding the 6uality of how standard is the solutions..

&pent time in understanding - there are lot of chapters aailable for reading . &uggestions ...


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http://www.sap-img.com/sap-fi.htm

(ractical and helpful &'( AI &tuff to assist those supporting the &'( Ainancial 'ccounting

"odules. There are also sample 6uestions and answers! interiew 6uestions! fa6! importable tables

on the &'( AI83 module. If you hae any &'( Ainancial 'ccounting and 8ontrolling 6uestion!

please feel free to raise it in the &'( AI/83 Aorum.

The Ainancial 'ccounting )AI* application component fulfills all the international re6uirements that

must be met by the financial accounting department of an organization. 'll accounting-releant

transactions made in #ogistics )#3* or Human ,esources )H,* components are posted real-time to

Ainancial 'ccounting by means of automatic account determination. This data can also be passed

on to 8ontrolling )83*.

This ensures that logistical goods moements )such as goods receipts and goods issues* are exactly

reflected in the alue-based updates in accounting.

SAP F!.O !nterview

$aily %ow many tic#ets you are getting@@o& can answer the n&mber tic'ets/iss&es raise$ an$ ro&te$ to 0o& for sol&tion

!n your career1 %ave you face any critical tic#et@ -%at is t%at @ .an e6lain@ (8plain an0 critical iss&e face$-

-%at is difference 0etween comany code 0usiness area@ompan0 o$e an$ B&siness area are the )rgani>ational &nits in FI- B&t ompan0 o$e is a m&st where asB&siness area is optional- ompan0 co$e is the )rg- &nit &n$er which all the acti1ities of the finance ta'es

place where as the B&s- Area can c&t across compan0 co$es-ompan0 co$e is a legal entit0 an$ the boo'sof acco&nts are maintaine$ at this le1el-

-%at is enterrise structure of your client@(8plain the (S of 0o&r client, the str&ct&re of the compan0 an$ the organi>ational &nits $efine$ &n$er theclient

-%at is t%e use of BRelevant cas% flow c%ec# 0o6@This chec' bo8 in the %L acco&nt helps & to ta'e the acco&nt for cash flow anal0sis

After run t%e dereciation/ can you reverse of t%at transcation@ @es, it is possible

-%ile transcation entry you are given t%e cost center internal order so1 w%ere it will 0e effected 550ot% or one@The posting goes to Internal )r$er an$ from there the settlement goes to the ost enter- The ost entergets onl0 the Statistical Posting- "e can ha1e an0 n&mber of statistical Postings, b&t onl0 one real posting tothe ) obect

.an you forward t%e controlling num0er ranges to ne6t year@@es, we can contin&e the e8isting n&mber ranges

-%at is valuation class @ .an you c%ange t%e valuation class after transcation osting@ The materials are assigne$ to 1al&ation class thro&gh the acco&nt $etermination happens

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How many GR2!R a2cCs are created@The0 are pro1ision acco&nts, an$ the balance becomes >ero after the completion of the c0cle- This is $one inor$er to care of the goo$ /in1oice recei1e$ in a$1anceo1 1ice 1ersa

How many retained earning a2cCs are created@%enerall0 we ha1e one retaine$ earnings acco&nt- "e can also ha1e more than one also- This is &s&all0

$one for ha1ing $ifferent financial statements base$ on the $epreciation areas for ta8, osting etc-

-%at is t%e significance of Posting Dey@ )O"(4+

Ans5 Posting 'e0 is a two charecter n&mberical 'e0, which controls the entr0 of line items- It specifies theacco&nting area to which an acco&nt belongs to- e85 &stomer, Ven$or or %L etc, It controls Fiel$ Sat&s.S&press, Rec:&ire$ an$ )ptional It also controls its re1erse posting 'e0 also-

In s&mmar0, the Posting 7e0 has control f&nctions within the line items- It controls5i )n which t0pe of acco&nt the line item can be poste$ toii If the item is poste$ as a $ebit or cre$itiii The fiel$ stat&s of a$$itional $etails

-%at is t%e use of Account Grous in GL@

Acco&nt %ro&p ontrols the !aster recor$s- It controls the n&mber range of !aster recor$ an$ Fiel$ stat&sgro&p .S&press, Re:&ire$, )ptional an$ #ispla0 also- SAP follows a %ro&ping principle all thro&gho&t SAPto han$le the !aster Recor$s that ma0 be in %L, AR AP an0 thing- See to create a %L Acco&nt gro&p 0o&$efine at )B#; there itself 0o& assign the 4&mber Range or those gro&ps which also controls Fiel$ Sta&s of%L !aster Recor$s- An$ for reating AR an$ AP !aster Recor$s 0o& create at )B#< an$ Ven$or at )B#3which will also controls Fiel$ Stat&s %ro&p of An$ 4&mber range of !aster recor$- The onl0 $ifferencebetween %L an$ AR/AP is assigning of n&mber range- For %L will specif0 at )B#; itself b&t for AR/AP wenee$ to create a n&mber range at FB4? then assign to AR An$ AP at )B#< an$ )B#3 respecti1el0-

)ne more thing- Remember onl0 Fiel$ Stat&s gro&p of !aster recar$ .)B# Icommite$ this mista'e in one inter1iew- E55 Satis%

In s&mmar0, the acco&nt gro&p controls5i The n&mber ranges of the acco&nts,ii The stat&s of the fiel$s in the compan0 co$e segment of the master recor$- Since a chart of acco&ntscontains man0 $ifferent t0pes of acco&nts, the0 can be b&n$le$ into $ifferent acco&nt gro&ps - +s&all0 oneacco&nt gro&p b&n$lesacco&nts with the same tas's within the general le$ger, e- g- cash acco&nts, material acco&nts, assetacco&nts, profit an$ lossacco&nts,---

Give a summary of Product .osting@

The p&rpose of Pro$&ct costing planning is to arri1e the total planne$ cost of the pro$&ct- It is integrate$ withthe following mo$&les in arri1ing the Pro$&ct cost an$ s&pplies the information to other mo$&les?- !! to arri1e at the raw material an$ semifinishe$ goo$s cost base$ on the price in$icator in !aterialmaster recor$-


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Maintain P!ant

(lant + is the &'( default.

O8'9- efine 9aluation 'rea )Tick one only- 3nce your system go lie! no more changes*

"ost company take the &'( recommended choice - 9alue "aterial &tock at (lant leel

9alue "aterial &tock at (lant or 8ompany #eel

o If you aluate material stocks at plant leel! the plant is the aluation area.

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o If you aluate material stocks at company code leel! the company code is the

aluation area.

o The decision you make applies to the whole client.

O8':- 8reate / 8hange / 9iew (lants

O8B- 8reate / 8hange / 9iew iision

O8';- 'ssign (lant to company code

e.g. + - + - 'll (lants

(x+ - (lant (x+

(x - (lant (x

O8'- 'ssign business area to (lant/9aluation area and diision

e.g. (lant (x+ - ;usiness 'rea ;x+

;x

'ssign 9aluation area to the ;usiness 'rea

.e.g. 9aluation area 9x+ - ;usiness 'rea ;x+

;usiness 'rea ;x

OMS:- 'ssign Aactory 8alendar to the (lant and ;usiness 'rea

The plant plays an important role in the following areas:

"aterial 9aluation - If the aluation leel is the plant! the material stocks are aluated at

plant leel. $ach plant can hae its own material prices and account determination.

Inentory "anagement - The material stocks are managed within a plant.

",( - "aterial re6uirements are planned for each plant. $ach plant has its own ",( data.

'nalyses for materials planning can be made across plants.

(roduction - $ach plant haing they own production/planning.

8osting - In costing! aluation prices are defined only within a plant.

(lant "aintenance - If a plant performs plant maintenance planning tasks! it is defined as a

maintenance planning plant. ' maintenance planning plant can also carry out planning tasks

for other plants )maintenance plants*.

If you want to use the application (( )production planning* or product costing and %ob-order

costing! you must set aluation at plant leel.

The aluation leel that you choose affects

the maintenance of material master records

the @/# accounts in which material stocks are managed

the @/# accounts to which transactions are posted in "aterials "anagement

$ffect on the maintenance of material master records:

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epending on the aluation leel chosen!

you maintain accounting data in the material master record for each plant or for each

company code

you define a aluation price for the material in each plant or in each company code

$ffect on @/# accounts:

If material stocks are aluated at company code leel! all plant stocks of a material are managed in a

%oint stock account for each company code.

If material stocks are aluated at plant leel! you can manage the material stocks for each plant in

different accounts. Aor each plant! you can define a separate determination.

If seeral plants are to use account determination! you can group these plants in =9aluation and

'ccount 'ssignment= 8ustomizing.

Materia! Master - Introduction

The material master is the starting point for the rest of the modules.

What Materia! T1"es are there?

The material types that you use are configured in Customizingfor the "aterial "aster under

5ogistics Master (ata Materia! Master -@ Materia! -@ $ontro! data -@ (efine materia! t1"e

attri/utes.

The following list shows you the material types contained! for example! in the standard &'( ,/0&ystem! and what their different roles are:

DIEN (services)

&erices are procured externally and cannot be stored. ' material master record of this material type

can always contain purchasing data.

FERT (finished products)

Ainished products are produced by the company itself. &ince they cannot be ordered by (urchasing!

a material master record of this material type does not contain purchasing data.

FHMI (production resources/toos)(roduction resources/tools are procured externally and used in the manufacture of products. '

material master record of this material type can contain purchasing data! but no sales data. It is

managed on a 6uantity basis. $xamples of production resources/tools are apparatus! e6uipment! and

measuring and testing deices.

H!"# (semifinished products)

&emifinished products can be procured externally )sub-contracting* as well as manufactured in-

house. They are then processed by the company. ' material master record of this material type can

contain both purchasing and work scheduling data.

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H!$! (tr%ding goods)

Trading goods are always procured externally and then sold. ' material master record of this

material type can contain purchasing and sales data.

HI#E (oper%ting suppies)

3perating supplies are procured externally and re6uired for the manufacture of other products. 'material master record of this material type can contain purchasing data but no sales data.

N"!& (non'stoc m%teri%)

4on-stock material is material that is not held in stock because it is consumed immediately. )3ffice

supplies such as stationary. ?ou need to create purchase order and accounting document for

payment but the stock balance is always zero as it is issued out immediately to the arious

department.*

RH (r%* m%teri%s)

,aw materials are always procured externally and then processed. &ince raw materials cannot be

sold! a material master record of this material type contains no sales data.

+N#$ (non'v%u%ted m%teri%s)

4on-aluated materials are managed on a 6uantity basis! but not by alue.

,ER- (p%c%ging m%teri%s)

(ackaging materials are used to transport goods and come with the goods free of charge. ' material

master record of this material type is managed both on a 6uantity basis and by alue.

$ETT (competitive products)

8ompetitie products hae their own material master records created from the ;asic ata iew. ThecompetitorBs number! which is stored in the material master record! assigns the material to a

particular competitor.

Maintain the Materia! T1"e

OMS*- "aterial Type "aintenance - 8reate/8hange/isplay

&teps:-

transaction 3"&

click 8hange key in the "aterial Type you want to change e.g. A$,T then hit enter

The 9iews belows allows you to choose the 9iews for each "aterial Type.

)(ress thePage up/Page Downkeys to scroll the iews*

If you tried to change from A$,T to H'1' in 9.2! you will receie an error message :-

The material type cannot be changed. This is not allowed if only external procurement is defined for

the new material type! or if the new material type has a different account category reference than the

old material type.

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To oercome it! goto 3"& and change the H'1' material type.

In the Internal/external purchase orders sections:

3riginal 8hanges

$xt. purchase orders +

Int. purchase orders +

Screens in Materia! Master

""+ - 8reate! "" - 8hange! ""0 - isplay and ""7 - Alag for deletion.

""2 - isplay the changes done to the material master.

""'" - 8hange the "aterial Type. for e.g. from A$,T to H'#;

8onfigure the "aterial "aster &creen ""+ / "" / ""0

OMS#- 'ssign the field to the field group

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$reate (e!ier1 5og - Materia! 222 is /!ocked

uring the 8reate eliery )5:'*! &'( prompt you a log that Materia! 222 is /!ocked.

uring the &ales 3rder 8reate/8hange for that material! there might be some update termination

that causes the locked of the material )1indows hanged or power failure*.

?ou can check using transaction SM'*- type an == at the


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inancia! accounting document t1"e- 'ssign the document type to a number range and account

type.

)e.g. (, - 'ccount type allowed for posting will be MS*

ouble click on the document type (,.

'ssign an uni6ue starting number range that was not used. e.g. FF 8hoose the 'ccount type for "aterial and @/# account )"&*

The rest of the fields are optional )you can leae it as blank*

&'( definitions for account type -

' - 'ssets

- 8ustomers

> - 9endors

" - "aterial

& - @/# accounts

6um/er ranges for financia! accounting document t1"e- 'ssign the number range to the

running number range.

4o. ?ear )till* Arom number To number 8urrent number $xt )no tick internal or tick

external*

FF GGGG FF FFGGGGGGGG Track by &'( ;lank

'ccounting document will be generated if there are stocks during price change! if you donBt hae

any stocks! no accounting document will be generated as there are no inentory to realuate for

price differences.

a!uation $!ass for Materia! Grou"

In 9.2 and 9.D/! you can assign aluation class to "aterial @roup.

It is useful in the sense that user do not hae to manually do an 'ccount 'ssignments.

Aor stock items! aluation class cannot be changed wheneer the stock on hand is not zero.

9aluation class are tied to a @/# account.

' change of aluation class means a change of @/# account.

In AI concept! you hae to debit and credit to balance the @/# account. That is why your stock must

be zero before the system allows you to changed the aluation class. If it is not zero! you hae to

either transfer it to another material or do a dummy issues. 'fter changing the aluation class! do a

reersal entries for the stocks which you hae transfer out or you hae done a dummy issues.

IMG - Materia! Management -@ Purchasing -@ Materia! Master -@ &ntr1 aids for items

%ithout a Materia! Master

G75 Accounts in MM Account (etermination

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The program #M:$:=:check all the @/# account define in your "aterial "aster aluation class.

&earch is ia 8ompany code and 9aluation area.

$om"are fie!ds status for moement t1"es against Genera! 5edger

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