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About Strategic Technology for Sustainabilityin Asian Countries
About Strategic Technology for Sustainabilityin Asian Countries
KEIO UNIVERSITY, JAPANPROF. HARUKI SATO
KEIO UNIVERSITY, JAPANPROF. HARUKI SATO
環境・エネルギー論18 November 2009
REEC-IFOST200921-23 October 2009
Ho Chi Minh City
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
2
1. Global warming and sea-level increase: not only reduction of CO2 emission but also global water management (by keeping woods)
2. Renewable energy resource:bio-ethanol, solar, and wind (by keeping woods)
3. Securing water:securing sanitary and quality life : 300 L/(day Japanese)securing food and cloths : 1000 L/(day Japanese)
securing woods : ∞ L/day on land
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
3
Air temperature andfossil fuel consumption
Sea level / mm
= 1.7 mm/year
What is the relationsamong them?
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
4
S.Manabe and R. WetheraldJ. The Atmospheric SciencesVol. 24, No. 3, pp. 241-259,(1967).
They calculated the possibility ofclimatic changes 42 years ago
for the effect of a. water vaporb. carbon dioxidec. ozoned. surface albedoe. cloudiness.
Air: Global WarmingAverage of surface temp.will become higher.
Pre
ssur
e /
mba
rP
ress
ure
/ m
bar
Al
ti
tu
de
/ k
mA
lt
it
ud
e /
km
Temperature / KTemperature / K
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
HP of Japanese government : http://www.rinya.maff.go.jp/seisaku/sesakusyoukai/ondanka/a-2.htmlBased on the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report
Reduce CO2 Emission+ Develop Double Forests
Carbon in the air: 7.6 × 1011 t +3.2× 109 t/year
Carbon in total fossil fuels3.5 × 1012 t
Carbon in the sea38 × 1012 t
Carbon in land2.3 × 1012 t
Absorption in land −2.6× 109 t/yearAbsorption in land −2.6× 109 t/year
Emission from land +1.6× 109 t/yearEmission from land +1.6× 109 t/year
Net absorption in land −1.0× 109 t/year
Net absorption in land −1.0× 109 t/year
Emission from fossil fuel +6.4× 109 t/year
Emission from fossil fuel +6.4× 109 t/year
Absorption in the sea −2.2× 109 t/year
Absorption in the sea −2.2× 109 t/year
Carbon Cycling in 1990s
5
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
6
•When the mass of water on the globe is constant, the ratio of water in land and in sea would be important for deciding the sea level.•Forest is providing oxygen and absorbing CO2 with controlling the humidity and temperature of air, by getting solar energy and water. It provides us many important materials.
6
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
7
Learn from LEAVES and live with WOODS
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
8
Water is important?
Under a tree, there is a large water jar.
How trees bring water to each leaves?
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
9
自然環境では目に見えない水(水蒸気ガス)が熱を運んでいます
ポンプ無しに膨大な数の木の葉の葉面の隅々に水が供給され蒸散しています
葉脈: the veins of leaves汗をかく車?
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
10
Experimentsof decompression boiling
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
11
Delicate phenomena for natural-energy utilization
0
5
10
15
20
0 1 2
time/ h
(T-Tcool
) / K
0
5
10
15
0 1 2
time / h
(T-T
cool)
/ K
20
Heater
Evaporator
Condenser
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
12
Objective of Strategic Technology is to build Interface Environment.
forcus 1= person : forcus 2= nature
Cities
人工内部環境
Interface EnvironmentInterface Environment
Global warmingHeat island
water + food + energy resource
Artificial nature
Within BuildingsWild Nature
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
13
Learn water circulation in natural environmentSolar energy is more than 10,000 times greater than the energy consumption by people.
We should recognize the power of the SUN.
dry soil
exaust heat from cooling tower
exhaust heat from indoors
sensible heat from wall
high temperature
sewageretaining water
Transpiration(water vaporization)
lower temperature
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
14
Solar panel (2 kW or 8 kW) with cooling tower(13 kW)
3
F
K J
A
C
B
L
E
G
H I
1
2
4
D
3
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
15
Within artificial environment Wild Nature
safe and secure nature
keeping to be gentle
symbiosis
Energy consumption Energy conservation
minimumcompletelyconditioned
space
Space of Interface-environment
Solar thermal panel and cell
Highly sophisticated information tools for communication
Trans-piration
Storing rain-water
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
16
Open Amenity Space
Energy consumption of cooling tower would be less than 1/5 of air-conditioning system. No high-temperature exhaust heat and provide water to the air like trees.
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
17
Renewable Energy Utilized Amenity Space
Cooling tower
Solar chimney
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
18
Need Clear Concept on Thermal Energy( Global warming is a problem of TEMPERATURE. )
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
19
●Power plants (27 GW)
●Steel plants
●Gas plants
●Oil plants
● Ship factories● Automobile factories
Solar energy : waste heat
104 m× 104 m= 108 m2
Insolation0.5 kW/ m2
50 GW
東京湾環境情報センターhttp://www.tbeic.go.jp/kankyo/sangyo.asp火力発電所設備概要http://www.tepco.co.jp/tp/list/index-j.html
Tokyo bay
Why the waterin Tokyo Bayis not Boilingorkeeping almostsame temperature?
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
20
No effect to the natural environment, when the temperature of waste heat is exactly equal to the ambient temperature.
Thermal energy Q times (1− T0/T ) equals exergy ee = Q×(1− T0/T )
• Many people are confusing ‘Energy is consumed’ but ‘Energy is conserved’.
• The value of energy is consumed. The value of energy, we call the ‘exergy’.Exergy makes work, which includes negative work to the environment.
• What is the value? Above equation expresses the value in the quantity of Q.The level of my talk Q is T. When your level is T0 , you can learn e from my
talk.
• When we make temperature of heat to be lower by using water, temperature change of water is much smaller than the temperature change of air because the capacity and latent heat of water are greater than the air.
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
21
1 atm = the mass of the air 1 kg/cm2
Av. sea depth = the mass of water 400 kg/cm2
Heat capacity of water is four times of air.
On the globe, heat capacity of sea is almost three orders of magnitude greater
than that of the air.
IPCC predicted 0.74 K increase in the air for 100 years.By using water circulation,
keep clean the air and don’t heat the air;make lower temperature on the surface;and cool the air by water circulation in the air.
Sea water
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
22
CEMS の持続型エネルギー供給イメージ
電力消費
冬 中間期 夏 中間期
原子力や石炭を含む火力コンバインドサイクルの年間定格運転を基礎とする系統電力供給分
外気温度に依存して変動する分は主に暖房・冷房・給湯である。これらの熱需要は、発電時の排熱で賄うようにすべきである。= 熱需要のあるところには、熱需要に見合う分散電源を設置。電力は、買 電あるいは電力託送で需要に合わせる。
廃熱電力廃熱電力
負荷変動用火力サイクル
コージェネレーション電源 熱利用
熱利用
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
23
商用系統電力の電源構成
àÍî êÖóÕ
êŒíY
LNG ÅALPG ÅA
ǪÇÃëº ÉKÉX
êŒñ˚
ógêÖéÆêÖóÕ
ógêÖéÆìÆóÕ
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23éûçè [h]
ìdóÕ
[kW]
å¥éqóÕ
ÉsÅ[ÉN
ãüããóp
É~ÉhÉã
ãüããóp
ÉxÅ[ÉX
ãüããóp
http://www.tepco.co.jp/corp-com/db/supplyFacilities/GeneCapacity-j.html
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
24
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
éûä‘ [h]
ìdóÕé˘óv [kWh]
15 ÅÖ T < 20Å@Å@Åi4åéÇÃÇ›Åj
20 ÅÖ T < 25
15 ÅÖ T < 20
25 ÅÖ T < 30
30 ÅÖ T < 35
T = ì˙ ïΩãœãCâ∑ [Åé]
7
分散電源の発電分電源容量は排熱利用量で定める
慶應義塾大学湘南藤沢キャンパス( SFC )の電力消費量
最大電力消費2005 年 4-7 月(平日
)2005 年 4-7 月(平日
)
分散電源の排熱と自然エネルギーで賄う
購入電力が約1000 kWで平準化され基本契約電力が1/3になる可能性
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
25
Harmony with multi-disciplinary fields= System design
( creation of a large and complicate system )( creation of a comfortable and secure space )
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
26
Science Engineering
Gives Dream Changes to True(Possibility) (Reality)
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
27
Role in University
Government
Industries Academics
Reality( mainly several years later )
Dream( Advanced Tech. & 30 years
later )
Science
Engineering
Students will change dreams to the reality.
Students
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
28
Energy Environment Systems( Example of System Design on Complex System )
Green ・ Healthy( Field 1: person&nature )
Energy utilization( Field 2 : energy )
Leaders( System design )
Green IT( Field 3 : IT )
Manager( vision )
Secure ・ Safe( Field 4: risk )
Field 7: Public relations and Communication
Field 8: Practice & Work
Support: Consortium
Field 6: Architecture ・ Civil engineering
Field 5: Social science ・ Economics Project 1
Project 2
Project 3 ・・・
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
29
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
30
äXäXäXìsésìsésÉRÉìÉxÉìÉVÉáÉìWeb é–âÔÉVÉXÉeÉÄÉRÉìÉxÉìÉVÉáÉì
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
31
持続可能社会+情報社会の未来ビジョン
エネルギー資源
情報・智慧
水
世界の視点
人口問題
自然環境調和型社会
ユビキタスIT社会
循環型社会
未来社会の選択多様型 集約型
食料と文化
知的社会安心・安全な社会
自然環境調和型エネルギー資源(太陽・バイオ+メタン+石炭+核)
地球環境問題
ヒートアイランド
課題
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
V model researchEnergy-Environment Systems Laboratory
(Haruki Sato Laboratory)
V model researchEnergy-Environment Systems Laboratory
(Haruki Sato Laboratory)
About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University
Fundamental Science Practical EngineeringThermal-Fluid PropertiesPVTCpC.P.Intermolecular Potential Parameters
Exergy conceptTranspirationDecompressed boiling
Statistical analysis/modeling/simulationMonte Carlo MethodEnergy Management
Open Amenity SpaceInterface Environment
Steam TableRefrigerant Table
DesalinationCool Solar Panel
Renewable Energy Assisted heat pump
Cluster Energy SupplyPrediction of Energy Demand
Modeling of Electric Appliances
Learning nature
Thermodynamics
Method
Principle
Information
Management
Vision
Creation
New Thermodynamic CycleHeat Pump + Renewable energy
Ejector cycle + Renewable energy
Break throughBreak through