The Patriarchs

Abraham, Isaac. Jacob, JosephGenesis 12-50

What is a Partriarch

Legal and Spiritual head of the family He had great power over his clan

Held responsibility for well being and protection of all in the family unit

Note: Abraham did not evidence faith in the Lord when he fled to Egypt

and had Sarah lie about their relationship

The Four Patriarchs

Scripture locations in Genesis Abraham

11:26,29;12-25 Isaac

17:19;21:3;22:2;24:62;27;35:28 Jacob

25:26; 27-35;42-49 Joseph

30:24;37-50

Wives and Children of the Partiarchs

12 Sons 29:31-35;30:5-19;30:17-24;35:16 Dinah 34 Esau 25:25;26:34;27;33:4;36:1 Hagar 16:1;21:14 Ishmael 16:11-15;17:20;21:9;25:9-12 Keturah 25:1-6 Leah 29:16 Rachel 29:6-16;35:16 Rebekah 22:23;24:15 Sarah

11:29;16:1;17:15;18:9;20:12;21:3;23:2

Other Relatives in the Family Tree

Bethuel 22:23;24:15,50 Haran 11:26-28 Laban 224:29;28:5 Lot 11:26;12:4;13:5;14:12;19:1 Micah 11:29;22:20 Nahor 11:26-29;22:20 Terah 11:26,31

Testing of Abraham

Famine and a Trip to Egypt, 12:10-21 A time of failure in Abrahams life▪ Did not trust God when he fled to Egypt▪ Had Sarah lie about their relationship

Testing of Abraham

Separation from Lot, 13:1-18 Abraham renewed his faith in the Lord at

Bethel▪ Prospered materially▪ Large number of servants, over 1000 (14:14)

War with the Kings from Mesopotamia, 14:1-24

Before the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, The Elamite empire occupied the Land of Canaan which included all of the Jordan River Plain and many surrounding tribes and cities.

The occupation was under the rule of King Chedorlaomer for twelve years. In the thirteenth year, five kings of the cities of the Jordan plain revolted against Elamite rule.

According to Jewish tradition, the revolt started with refusing to pay tribute to the Elamite empire.

This triggered Chedorlaomer to assemble forces from the four main directions of Mesopotamia.

Chedorlaomer's campaign to the Jordan plains began with sacking and looting every city along the way

War with the Kings from Mesopotamia, 14:1-24

Four kings of MesopotamiaIn response to the uprising of several kings that Chedorlaomer ruled over, he ensured victory by calling together three other nations, to align with the Kingdom of Elam. These four aligned kings

were: King Chedorlaomer, ruler of the Persian empire

of Elam, to the East and commander of the alliance King Amraphel, ruler of Shinar from the southern

regions of Babylon King Arioch, ruler of Ellasar, from Assur to

the North King Tidal, leader of the Hittites from the West

War with the Kings from Mesopotamia, 14:1-24

Five kings of the Jordan plainThe five kings from the Jordan River Plain rebelled

against Elam rule, during Chedorlaomer's thirteenth year of reign over them. Their rebellion caused a domino effect that pushed Chedorlaomer to campaign against at least seven other nearby tribes and cities. The five kings of the plain were:

Bera king of Sodom Birsha king of Gomorrah Shinab king of Admah Shemeber king of Zeboyim the king of Bela (renamed Zoar when Sodom

destroyed)

War with the Kings from Mesopotamia, 14:1-24

The Mesopotamian forces overwhelmed the kings of the Jordan plain driving some them into asphalt or tar pits that littered the vale. Those who escaped, fled to the mountains including the kings of

Sodom and Gomorrah. The cities of Sodom of Gomorrah were then spoiled of their goods

and provisions as well as the taking of captives. Among the captives was Abram's nephew, Lot.

When word reached Abram, he immediately mounted a rescue operation, arming 318 of his trained servants and possible combat troops who went in pursuit of the Mesopotamian armies that were returning to their homelands.

They caught up with them in the city of Dan, flanking the enemy on multiple sides, during a night raid. The attack ran its course as far as Hobah, north of Damascus where

he defeated Chedorlaomer and his forces. Abram recovered all the goods, even the captives who included Lot.

Paying tithes to Melchizedek 14:17-20

After the battle Melchizedek brought bread and wine and blessed Abraham

Melchizedek was king of Salem Possibly Jerusalem or Salem (Psalm 76:2)

Was Melchizedek an actual King or was he a Theopany?

His Priesthood was superior to Abrahams Evident in that Abraham paid Tithes to

him

Ratifying the Covenant 15:1-21

The Lord appeared to Abraham in a vision God blessed Abraham (1) Abraham “reminded” God he had no son▪ Offered to adopt Eliezer of Damsascus

God refused the offer God promised him a heir of his own

blood Abraham believed God and it was

counted as righteousness

Ishmael the Son of Hagar 16:1-16

Sarah told Abraham to go to her maid Hagar Legal custom and legal contracts of that

time provided for a heir by her Sarah despised Hagar

Hagar fled from them An Angel of the Lord appeared to Hagar Told her to return and blessed her▪ Her seed would be a multitude

Ishmael was born to Hagar

Angel of the Lord

The angel of the Lord first appears in Genesis 16:7 and then intermittently throughout the early Old Testament

In other passages an individual manifesting himself in human form is frequently called "the LORD" (Gen 12:7; 17:1; 18:1)

If this angel actually were God, why is he called an angel?

Since the root meaning of angel is "messenger" or "one who is sent," we must determine from context whether the word refers to the office of the sent one or to the nature of created angels as finite beings

Initially, some contexts of the term "angel of the LORD" appear to refer to nothing more than any other angel (as in Judges 6:11)

Angel of the Lord

Many Old Testament passages state that this angel is God After being told that Hagar had been speaking with the angel of

the Lord (four times in Gen 16:7, 9-11), Genesis 16:13 informs us that Hagar "gave this name to the LORD who spoke to her: `You are the God who sees me.'“

Jacob's testimony in Genesis 48:15-16 is even more striking ▪ He identifies the God in whose presence his fathers Abraham and Isaac

had lived as "the God who has been my shepherd all my life to this day, the Angel who has delivered me from all harm."

This angel spoke to Jacob earlier in a dream and identified himself by saying, "I am the God of Bethel, where you anointed a pillar and where you made a vow to me" (Gen 31:11, 13)

Likewise in Exodus 3:2-6 the phrase "the angel of the LORD" is used interchangeably with "the LORD" In fact the angel claims, "I am the God of your father, the God of

Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob" (Ex 3:6)

Angel of the Lord

The passage, however, that really clinches this remarkable identification is Exodus 23:20-23

There God promises to send his angel ahead of the children of Israel as they go through the desert

The Israelites were warned that they must obey and not rebel against this angel The reason was a stunning one: "Since my Name is in

him" God would never share his memorial name with anyone

else, for Isaiah 42:8 advised that he would never share his glory with another

Name of God stands for himself. And when a person is said to have the name of God in him, that person is God!

Angel of the Lord

This angel has divine qualities, prerogatives and authority He has the power to give life (Gen 16:10) and to

see and know all (Gen 16:13; Ex 3:7) Only God can forgive sin, yet this angel did the

same in Exodus 23:21 The angel performed miracles such as keeping a

burning bush from being consumed (Ex 3:2), smiting Egypt with plagues (Ex 3:20), calling forth fire on the rock to consume the meal set for him (Judges 6:21) and ascending the flame of the altar (Judges 13:20)

Angel of the Lord

Finally, this angel commanded and received worship from Moses (Ex 3:5) and Joshua (Josh 5:14)

Angels were not to receive worship When John attempted to worship an

angel in Revelation 19:10; 22:8-9, he was corrected quickly and told not to do it

Angel of the Lord

It is clear from this abundance of evidence that the angel of the Lord in the Old Testament was a preincarnate form of our Lord Jesus Christ It is that word sent that ties together the

angel, messenger or sent one into an Old Testament theology of christophanies▪ Appearances of God in human form.

The Promise of the Covenant Son 17:1-20:18

Abrams name changed to Abraham (5)

Advent of Circumcision (10) Showed the Hebrews dedication to God Failure to do so would cut them off from

the Covenant (14) Was an outward sign to an inward

dedication to God

The Promise of the Covenant Son 17:1-20:18

Sarais name is changed to Sarah (15) Abrahams son is promised through

Sarah(16) Abraham Laughed God rejected Abrahams petition for

Ishmael to the son of the Covenant Three angels visit Abraham

Sarah is Promised a son (10)▪ Sarah Laughed (12)▪ One of the Angels is the Lord

Isaac, the Son of Sarah 21:1-34

Isaac is born (1) Abraham sends Hagar and Ishmael

away

The Great Test of Abraham 22:1-24

God tells Abraham to sacrifice Isaac at MoriahMoriah is the are where Solomon later

builds the temple They traveled 3 days Abraham and Isaac went alone up the

mount Isaac questioned Abraham Abraham passed the test The covenant is reaffirmed (15-18)

The Final Days of Abraham 23:1-25:18

Sarah dies (23:1) Abraham has sons through Keturah

(25:1-4) Many of the names have be identified

with Arab tribes These sons along with Ishmael fulfill the

promise of God that Abraham would be the father of many nations

Death of Abraham (25:8)

THE HISTORY OF ISAAC 24:1-35:29

Isaac married Rebekah For 20 years they had no child Isaac approached God (24:21) They are blessed with twins▪ Jacob and Esau

Esau sells his birthright to Jacob for bread ant soup

God confirms his covenant with Isaac (26:2)

THE HISTORY OF JACOB 27:1-36:43

Jacob gets the birthright 25:27-34 Jacob steals the blessing 27:1-47 Jacob flees to Haran 28:1-29:13 Jacob’s years at Haran 29:14-31:30 Jacob returns to Canaan 31:21-36:43

Jacob gets the birthright 25:27-34

Esau would receive the birthright because he was born first The birthright gave the firstborn▪ Precedence over the other children▪ Double share of the inheritance▪ The right to become the head of the clan after the death of

the father. The birthright could be lost▪ Through an offense▪ Traded or sold▪ Negated by the fathers last will

Esau trades away his birthright for a meal Esau is called profane for doing so (Hebrews 12:16)

Jacob steals the blessing 27:1-47

The Blessing was more important than the birthright The birthright could be changed The blessing made by the father was legally binding

Isaac was unaware that Esau had traded away the birthright

Isaac Favored Esau-Rebekah Favored Jacob Isaac told Esau to bring him meat

Rebekah overheard Rebekah told Jacob to deceive Isaac Jacob receives the blessing from Isaac

Jacob’s years at Haran 29:14-31:30

Between circumstance and his schemes Jacob accumulates a great deal of wealth Two wives Two concubines 11 sons

When Jacob returns to Canaan he has 12th son

Jacob flees to Haran 28:1-29:13

Jacob flees to his uncle Laban Fear of Esau

Jacob returns to Canaan 31:21-36:43

Jacob was know for his scheming and deciet When Jacob returns to Canaan he his

met by angels Jacob wrestles with an angel His name is changed to Israel

When Jacob returns to Canaan he has 12th so

THE HISTORY OF JOSEPH 37:1-50:25

Event Age YearScripture

SOLD BY HIS BROTHERS INTO SLAVERY 17 1897 37:2 ELEVATED TO SECOND RULER IN EGYPT 30 1884 41:36 THE PREDICTED FAMINE STRIKES EGYPT 37 1877 41:53 REVEALS HIMSELF TO HIS BROTHERS 39 1875 45:6 FATHER JACOB GIVES HIS BLESSING 56 1858 47:28 JOSEPH DIES IN EGYPT - 110 1804 50:26

PROMISING DELIVERANC

THE SELLING OF JOSEPH 37:1-36

Jacob showed favoritism to Joseph Joseph was given a special coat

Joseph had dreams about his brothers being subject to him Joseph’s brothers hated him They plotted to kill him Instead they sold him to slavers They deceived Jacob and said he died

JOSEPH’S TROUBLES IN EGYPT 39:1-40:23

Days of Prosperity 39:1-6 Potiphar bought him The Lord was with Joseph Potiphar made him overseer of his house

Days of Pressure 39:7-18 Potiphar’s wife tried to tempt Joseph Joseph refused the advances She accused him of rape

Days in Prison39:19-40:23 Joseph interprets the dreams of the Baker and Cupbearer The Baker is hung and the Cupbearer is returned to his

post The cupbearer forgets Joseph

JOSEPH’S PROMOTION IN EGYPT 41:1-57

Pharaoh's Dreams 41:1-7 The Dreams of the Cows The Dreams of the Corn No one could interpret his dreams

Servant’s Recall 41:8-13 The Cupbearer told of Joseph

interpreting his dream

JOSEPH’S PROMOTION IN EGYPT 41:1-57

Joseph’s Analysis 41:14-36 Joseph is called before the Pharaoh Joseph denies his ability▪ Give the glory to God

Joseph tells Pharaoh the meaning of the dreams▪ Famine coming to Egypt

Joseph’s Promotion 41:37-45 ▪ Joseph is made second in command in all of

Egypt

JOSEPH’S FAMILY REUNION 42:1-50:25

The First Coming to Egypt 42:1-38 Jacob sent his sons to Egypt to get food Benjamin stayed behind

The brothers did not recognize Joseph Joseph knew them (42:8) Joseph accuses them of being spies▪ They are imprisoned as spies for three days (42:16-18)▪ Joseph tells them to bring their youngest brother to him▪ The brothers spoke of what they had done▪ They did not know that Joseph understood them▪ He could tell of their distress

▪ Joseph sent them home with food and hidden money▪ Kept Simeon as a hostage

JOSEPH’S FAMILY REUNION 42:1-50:25

The Second Coming to Egypt 43:1-44:34 The brothers returned to Egypt with

Benjamin Joseph gives them food again ▪ Returns their money▪ Hide a silver cup in Benjamin's sack▪ Joseph sent guards out to bring them back▪ The cup was found in Benjamin’s sack

Joseph could tell that God had changed their hearts (44:32)

JOSEPH’S FAMILY REUNION 42:1-50:25

The Moment of Revelation and Reunion 45:1-15 Joseph reveals himself to them Joseph sends for Jacob

The Coming of Jacob and the Family, 45:16-47:31 Jacob and the entire family move to Egypt

The Blessing and Prophecy by Jacob, 48:1-49:33 Jacob blesses Ephraim instead of Manasseh This blessing becomes evident during the time

of the Judges Jacob prophecies about his sons

JOSEPH’S FAMILY REUNION 42:1-50:25

The Death of Jacob and Joseph 50:1-26 Jacob dies after the giving of the

prophecy (49:33) Joseph dies at 110 years old in Egypt

He is embalmed and place in a coffin His oath from 50:25 is later fulfilled that

they would carry his bones from there

God’s Protection of Israel

The Nation of Israel had a population of about 75 in 46:27 Egypt had become the protector of the Nation

of Israel Egypt protected Israel in 3 ways▪ Physically▪ They unknowingly kept them safe from other nations

▪ Morally▪ Egypt was superior to the Canaanites

▪ Racial Purity▪ Israel would have intermarried with the Canaanites (Chptr 34)

but would not have with the Egyptians, the Egyptians looked down on them as shepherds (46:34)

End of Genesis

Genesis ends with Israel being protected by Egypt

The nation of Israel has: No land No law Only 75 people

God had promised Abraham of them He will make a great nation