PORTFOLIORICHARD WILLIAM OFFARCHITECTURE & URBAN DESIGNMS.AUD - COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY (GSAPP) + B.ARCH - RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE

CURRICULUM VITAEMASTERS - ARCHITECTURE & URBAN DESIGN (MS.AUD 2012)COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY (GSAPP) - GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING & PRESERVATION

BACHELORS - ARCHITECTURE (B.ARCH - HONORS 2010)RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE (RPI) - SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURAL & URBAN DESIGNER (JANUARY 2012 - MAY 2012)GSAPP KINNE GRANT & SAO PAULO HOUSING DEPARTMENT - SAO PAULO, BRAZIL & MANHATTAN, NY

BROWN FELLOW - RESEARCHER (MAY 2010 - FEBRUARY 2013)RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE (RPI) - BROWN FELLOWSHIP RECIPIENT - TROY, NY

URBAN DESIGNER & PLANNER (AUGUST 2010 - DECEMBER 2010)ARCHITECTURE FOR HUMANITY - MARP & PRATT INSTITUTE CENTER FOR PLANNING - BROOKLYN, NY

PORTFOLIO CONTENTDIFFERENTIATED GRIDS & ERODED MASSES

ROCKEFELLER CENTER WEST - WALL BETWEEN TWO WORLDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

ALMADA CONSERVATORY - IRREGULAR LINE & POROUS MONOLITH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

FRAGMENTED SPACES & STRUCTURAL GEOMETRIES

GEO-CULTURAL CONVERGENCE - VERTICAL EXTENSION OF THE URBAN LANDSCAPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

CHAMARTIN STATION - (dis) CONNECTING URBAN TISSUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

STAZIONE DI BOLOGNA CENTRALE - DESIGN DEVELOPMENT STUDIO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

FLUID TOPOGRAPHIES - EPHEMERAL ELEVATED CITY-SCAPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

TRANSFORMATIVE URBANISMS & HYPER-DENSE HABITATS

ECO (logical) - FORMAL (ization) - THE EVOLUTION OF INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

ENABLING GROWTH - CHANGING URBAN VOIDS INTO YOUTH INFRASTRUCTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

INTERWOVEN VERTICALITY - DEVELOPING A SUSTAINABLE HIGH-RISE CITY FABRIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

CONSTRUCTIONAL & PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BACK COVER

ROCKEFELLER CENTER WEST

Located on 6th avenue, Rockefeller Center West is a four block long site which extends along a north-south axis in central Midtown. Due east of this site is the original Rockefeller Center, but unlike the original complex, the western plazas have failed to attract the same urban energy. The spaces are maintained by the owners of the adjacent buildings, and are composed of a variety of sculptures, fountains, benches and other seating, in a relatively fragmented conguration. This project proposes a revitalization of the public zone, and the building of an elevated exhibition center, to enhance the cultural attraction of the site.

The primary formal gesture of the design is a six story wall, which stretches the full length of the site. In addition to being a continuous boundary whch unies the four blocks into one visual entity, it sets up the potential to establish two dierent worlds. One world being the busy 6th avenue and its associated vehicular and pedestrian ows. The other world being a dense and calm garden space within the blocks, privatized by the wall. In this case, the wall is a neutral interstitial zone which can be occupied. As one moves along the wall, one can witness varying degrees of opacity and outward expansions of space, so that one might experience each of these two domains in dierent ways. This also sets up the opportunity to use these spaces for display in dierent ways, to accept or deny one world, the other, or both. Objects and people exist in varying degrees of enclosure and openness, blurring not only the realm of the inside with the outside, but also blurring fast zones with areas which are slow and intimate.

WALL BETWEEN TWO WORLDS

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West To East - Serial Transverse Sections Cantilevered Exhibition Boxes - Enclosing Semi-Private Gardens

MIDTOWN MANHATTAN - NEW YORK CITY GALLERY & GARDEN SPACE

Elevation - Facing Sixth Avenue

Typical Plan - Exhibition Spaces

Ground Floor & Garden Spaces

IRREGULAR LINE & POROUS MONOLITHCONSERVATORIO DE ALMADA

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North To South - Perspective Transverse Sections School Classrooms & Oces & Studios Along Public Atrium Spaces

South Elevation & Concert Hall Section

Architecture like music may be conceived of as a linear sequence of events, but this set of movements need not be hierarchical, have a sense of progression, nor culminate in some ultimate or dening moment, in order to be manifested as a musical architecture. Like some untraditional and contemporary audible works, it may not have a distinct beginning or end, and suggest an indenite continuity beyond the physical boundaries of the entity. These physical ends and breaks within the sequence are not points of entry, but are moments where the internal structure of the composition is revealed. When placed within the context of a real site, this line of physcial music, or architectural events, must not only adapt to internal programmatic elements and functions, but external site forces.

On the shore of the Tagus River, a school of music is to be built at the north end of a retired shipping yard. This facility will be characterized by a continuous eld of dierentiated cells (classrooms & oces) and inter-locking interstitial spaces (public atria), and will embody conditions of expansion and contraction which establish ambiguity between interior and exterior. This eld of moments shall be framed and unied by a responsive, but more simple, external envelope. The environmental context and orientation, furthers the logic of the eld, and the envelope which wraps it. A dark colored and densely composed secondary skin of operable horizontal panels is situated along the southern facade to protect the facility from direct sun exposure, and a lighter and more delicate system of vertical wood panels exist along the northern facade to reect light and frame incrimental views. What is produced is a permeable mass. The principle space within this monolth is a large concert hall, which is also dened by a respsonsive enclosure and dynamic language, to enhance the diusion of sound and light.

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MARGUIERA, SEBUTAL - LISBON, PORTUGAL MUSIC SCHOOL & CONCERT HALL

Upper Level - Typical Floor PlanClassrooms & Large Concert Hall

Upper Level - Typical Floor PlanOce Spaces & Small Concert Hall

VERTICAL EXTENSION OF THE URBAN LANDSCAPEGEO-CULTURAL CONVERGENCE

The Global City is a primary pulsing node in the international network of human exchange, a place where a multiplicity of cultural activities converge upon one another, and integrate with the local geography. Toronto, the provincial capital of Ontario, and the largest city of Canada, is exemplary of this condition. Toronto contains a plethora of museums, exhibitions, and the 3rd largest theatre district in the world. These conditions have led to the development of one of the most vibrant and livable downtowns in all of North America. For much of the citys history, Toronto has been dominated by low-rise horizontality, but within the past 50 years, the region has experienced immense vertical development, and the city now has one of the most recognizable skylines in the world.

Regardless of the collective aesthetic of these super-tall environments, most of these buildings are hermetic extruded volumes and static pancake-stacked forms, with no tangible relationship to the life of the city or to regional character. This project seeks to challenge the traditional typology of the skyscraper by establishing a continuous public garden space, a series of vertical courtyards which erodes the vertical mass, slices through the facades into the core of the building. These courtyards not only provide a system of circulation for light and air, but create a central space where people from dierent programs and culture might converege, or even establish shared faciltiies for increased eciency. The form takes inspriation from the vast system of valleys and ravines which cut through the Greater Toronto landscape. This geography provides essential park space, and areas for recreational public activity, in an otherwise dense urban fabric. Multi-layered urban and natural topographies are translated into dynamic vertical form, integrating global iconography with local character.

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Plan Dierentiation - Central Public Courtyard & Peripheral Mixed-Cultured Spaces

Ravine System & Downtown Cultural Nodes - City Plans

Topography & Program & Structure

DOWNTOWN - TORONTO, CANADA POROUS & MIXED-USE SKYSCRAPER

The presence of trains in an urban setting creates two inevitable conditions. First, it connects the city to both its metropolitan region, and to distant cities which are national and international points of interest. Second, it acts as an arterial scar which fractures neighborhoods, and creates a boundary within the city. So the urban fabric could be understood as a dis-continuous surface, simultaneously connected and fragmented by its circulation routes and massing. After analyzing existing patterns of movement across the site, such as the angular interactions of pedestrian and vehicular movement, as well as the parallel modularity of the tracks and platforms, new connections are established with fragmented space.

By deconstructing surface and structure, in plan and section, breaks within the visual continuum form spaces within spaces. This creates more intimate zones within vast open volumes. As a result, there is synthesis between latitudinal and longitudinal movements across the site, and it becomes possible to shift from streets, via public zones, and to trains, in a relatively direct manner, despite the fractured topography. The station and its adjacent park, mends the fabric the tracks divide. Through dierentiated repetition and responsive modularity, a new sense of rhythm is established within an evolving peripheral neighborhood.

(dis) CONNECTING URBAN TISSUEESTACION DE CHAMARTIN

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Diagrammatic - Longitudinal Section - Concourse & Platforms

PLAZA DE CASTILLA - MADRID, SPAIN TRANSIT CENTER & PUBLIC PARK

Floor Plan - Main ConcoursePrimary Circulation Areas

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT & STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING STUDIOSTAZIONE DI BOLOGNA CENTRALE

Roof Plan - Structural Frame & Steel Panel EnclosureSolid / Void Pattern Expresses Train Speed & Acceleration

Neoprene Bearing Strip

A MILANOA ROMA

USCITA

Corrugated Metal Roof

Steel Casting Connections

Custom Steel Beams

Custom Steel Columns

Steel Secondary Structure

Steel Bolts & Gusset Plates

Steel MullionsLaminated Glass

Double Skin Enclosure

Toughened Glass

Steel Insulated Panels

Corrugated Deck

Polished Granite TileConcrete Floor Slab

Glass Floor Strip

Stainless Steel Panels

Steel Floor Truss

Rough Granite Tile

Hot & Cold Air DuctWaste Water PipeHot & Cold Water PipesElectrical Ducts

Concrete Ground SlabSteel & Glass Staircase

Steel & Glass Escalators

Sand & Gravel Base

Steel Tension BoltsConcrete Retaining Wall

Railroad Tracks

Train Platforms

Foam InsulationSand & Gravel

Recessed Floor Lights

Foundation Wall Footing

Subsoil Drainage System

Waterproof Membrane

Crushed Stone Base

Concrete Slab

Platform Footing

Southern Entrance Arcade

Stainless Steel Facade Panels

Corrugated Polycarbonate Canopy

Roof Peak - Casting Connection Node

Column & Beam - Casting Connection Node

Column & Floor Truss - Connection

Column & Foundation Wall - Connection

Steel Secondary Structure

EMILIA - ROMAGNA, NORTHERN ITALY INTER-MODAL RAILWAY STATION

Wall Section & Structural Details

Glass & Steel Balustrades

Circular Steel Handrails

Mezzanine Level BridgingStainless Steel Interior Cladding

Concourse Vertical Circulation

Focus Area - Plan & Section Diagrams

Wall Section Cut

Enclosure Line

Over 70 percent of the Earths surface is covered by water. With the ever present threat of Global Warming, this percentage could begin to increase as the Polar Ice Caps begin to melt. The way we build cities will need to rapdily evolve as solid land dissolves into uid, and the need for more space and new landscapes will persist as long as the human population continues to grow. Several cities and regions throughout the world contain large portions of their urban fabric which have already been reclaimed from the sea, New Orleans, Venice, Amsterdam and even New York City are among them. They typically accomplish this by using civil engineering techniques such as dikes, polders and levees.

These extremes suggest the need to investigate how space and artical land might establish a more intimate relationship with a uid surface, creating form which embraces, rather than resists, inevitable ooding. Transportation may no longer be car dominated, but may involve boat trac and increased pedestrian ows on an elevated plane. The growth of this new cityscape would not likely be a monolithic mass, but a uid topography, a permeable network of interwoven spaces which embodies an ephemeral quality, as the ebb and ow of the sea would perpetually inuence the usable space and programming of this dynamic landscape. Constantly splitting and reconnecting to/from itself, these networks would be composed of linear paths for movement, tangential pockets for more private gatherings, and nodes to foster public interaction and cultural exchange.

EPHEMERAL ELEVATED CITY-SCAPES FLUID TOPOGRAPHY

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Proto-Typical Elevational Section Low Tide Versus High Tide - Usable Surface

HARBOR CITIES & COASTAL SETTLEMENTS TRANSIENT URBAN SPACES

Linear, Tangential, Nodal - Spatial Networks Programmatic Expansion/Contraction

In the Itaquera district of Sao Paulo, development of a linear park system along the Rio Verde riverfront requires the transformation of favela sites into wetlands and recreation spaces, and puts over 1,800 residents of informal settlements at risk for displacement. Removal of these residents guarantees their protection from ooding, and provides the district with much needed green space. However, with no clear plans for relocation into new housing, the vitality of these communities is under threat.

This project proposes an incremental upgrade system for watershed favelas, a process of ecological formalization, to integrate these isolated areas into the surrounding city fabric. The rst phases will establish environmental stabilization by addressing stormwater, ooding and erosion issues with a network of wetlands and water channels. The second phase calls for the relocation of residents in the most sensitive areas to places of higher ground along the outer street edge, while extended the existing grid of roads into the park site. The nal phases will involve densication, using modular retaining walls, composting toilets, and plumbing units, all connected to communal rainwater reservoirs, as a platform for informal growth.

Embracing transformation, through the natural processes of formalization, rather than removal of these settlements, challenges the conventional notion of de-habitation of sensitive sites for preservation, and creates a new model of co-habitation as the foundation for preservation, providing the favelas with the new and important role as stewards of the environment.

ECO (logical) - FORMAL (ization)THE EVOLUTION OF INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS

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Higher Density - Main Street Ground Floor Shops/Markets Commercial / Public Plaza2-3 Story Mixed-Use Dwellings Green Paved Terracing / Steps River / Wetland Interface

East To West - Transverse Elevational Section - Favela & Park

Hollow-Brick Enclosures

Concrete-Masonry Wall

Vegetation/Plantings

Cobble/Stone Pavement

Corrugated Metal Panels

Wooden Plank Decking

Stormwater / Greywater Channels Rainwater Reservoir Plumbing Wall / Water Pumps Composting Toilets Bioswale / Drainage System Commercial / Street Interface Pedestrian Pathways

North To South - Longitudinal Section Proposed Land Reconstruction - Water Systems & Retaining Walls & Informal Growth

RIO VERDE - SAO PAULO, BRAZIL FAVELA COMMUNITIES & ECO-INFRASTRUCTURE

(EcoIogical Framework, Fabric Relocation & Mixed-Use Growth Strategies) Site Phasing & Building Evolution - Favela Da Paz & Favela Miguel Ignacio Curi & Linear Park - Cohabitation System

Phase 2Optimization

External Edge Development

-Road System Extended Via Site-Commercial Corridors Demarcated

-Dwellings Removed From Most Sensitive Low-Lying Areas-150 Dwellings Relocated Along Itaquera Avenue

New Fabric ParcelsExisting Favela

Expanded WetlandNew Road System

Phase 1Stabilization

Eco-Platform Construction

-Itaquera Avenue Widened-Underutilized Buildings Removed

-Site Cleaned & Bio-Remediated-Flood Management System & Stormwater Channels & Wetland Buers Constructed

Removed FabricExisting Favela

Eco-Sewer SystemInformal Roads

Phase 3Densication

Internal Edge Development

-Mixed-Use Development Expand-100 More Dwellings On New Roads

-Elevated Land Parcels Demarcate Growth Limits / Verticalization-Soft Blue-Green Edges VS. Hard Commerce/Public Interfaces

New Fabric ParcelsExisting Favela

Bioswale SystemNew Road System

Phase 4Proliferation

Maximum Density

-Model Expands Outward & Applied To Other Sites

Upgraded FavelaMixed Use Fabric

Public ParkWater Retention

Existing BuildingsPedestrian Paths

By establishing a connection between public schools and the variety of vacant and underutilized spaces located throughout East Harlem, a physical network can be created which can both supplement and complement existing academic facilities and programs in the neighborhood. Vacant lots and buildings could be engaged through a exible infrastructure, which would evolve and grow vertically as programs gain popularity, and the student population continues to expand. Extra-curricular and specialized programs, such as vocational trades, as well as visual and performing arts, which currently lack resources to thrive, would be the primary occupants of these spaces and structures. This use of urban space may enable the disenfranchised youth of Harlem to have a greater sense of ownership and involvement over the development of the neighborhood, and allow their culture to be further exhibited and celebrated in the public realm.

CHANGING URBAN VOIDS INTO YOUTH INFRASTRUCTUREENABLING GROWTH

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Practice Studios Indoor Theater Flexible Stage Landscape Seating Viaduct Exhibition

Seminar/Meeting Spaces

Art Studios/Workshops

Equipment Elevator

Operable Screen Facade

Open/Flexible Plan

Public Gallery Space

702-1498

306-702

164-306

72-164

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Vacant Lots

High School20 Minute Radius

Middle School10 Minute Radius

Elementary School5 Minute Radius

Safety Network

Student Population

Long Term Overlapping Strategy

Vacant Building Repurposed - Performing Arts Center

Vacant Lot Inll - Instruction/Exhibition

2012 2020

2016 2024

2020 2028

Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3

Vacant Lots Occupied With Temporary Structures & Programs

Adjacent Vacant BuildingsEngaged By Activated Public Spaces

Adjacent Buildings RefurbishedOccupied Lots Formalize & Densify

Visual Arts Studio & Theater Entrance - Student Participation & Public Interface

Outdoor Theater & Exhibition Center Facade - Flexible Structures

EAST HARLEM - MANHATTAN NEIGHBORHOOD REVITALIZATION - ADAPTIVE REUSE

CREATING A SUSTAINABLE HIGH-RISE CITY FABRIC

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INTER-WOVEN VERTICALITY

Longitudinal & Transverse SectionsResidential/Commercial Clusters & Sky Courts

As urbanization continues to increase worldwide, more city space will be needed to accommodate the diverse and dynamic needs of the rapidly expanding population. High-rise development may not be the only means of intensifying an urban fabric, but it can be an ecient way to maximize space with minimal land, and a prudent management of the earths resources is a cornerstone to more sustainable approaches to urban design. The city fabric and formal typology of skyscrapers may continue to evolve as porous and de-compartmentalized elds, and more continuity should be established with city streets and adjacent buildings, so that vibrant vertical neighborhoods may be cultivated.

Just south of the central Loop, there exists a post-industrial site which is divided by the Chicago River. High density development within this area could establish needed connections between the nancial district to the north, Chinatown to the south, the museum campus to the east, and UIC to the west. The scheme is organized into a basic parti, a primary north-south axis of commerical and entertainment spaces, and a series of secondary east-west axes, composed of a gradient of mixed-use structures. The development could be further integrated into the city with an extension of the elevated train network, and through the presence of a high speed train station, which would face the public green space of the primary axis. This enables the development to act as more than urban inll, but also a cultural gateway into an expanded downtown area.

SOUTH LOOP - CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

MASTER-PLAN & VERTICAL NEIGHBORHOOD

Primary North-South Commercial AxisLinks Financial District To Chinatown Along River

Secondary East-West BranchesLinks University To Museum Campus

Vertical Light-CourtMixed-Use Program

CONSTRUCTIONAL & PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDIES STRUCTURED SURFACE & MATERIAL ASSEMBLY & LIGHT PERMEABILITY

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