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Accommodations and Adaptations
Now Known As Universal Design
The Project SEARCH Way
Jennifer’s Principle
KISS
Keep
T STRUCTURED
SYSTEMATIC
&
Remember Multiple Intelligences
AccommodationAn accommodation is any modification or adjustment to a job, work environment or the way things are usually done that enables a qualified individual with a disability to enjoy an equal employment opportunity. JAN views accommodations as a way to bridge the distance between the maximum ability of the individual and the essential functions of the job. In seeking the answers to accommodation questions, it is essential to obtain input from the individual with the disability to achieve a successful accommodation outcome. The following questions may be helpful during the accommodation process:
• What symptoms or limitations is the individual experiencing? • How do the individual's symptoms or limitations affect job performance? • What specific job tasks are problematic as a result of these symptoms and limitations? • What accommodations are available to reduce or eliminate these problems? • Are appropriate resources being used to determine accommodations? • Has the individual been consulted regarding possible accommodations? • Once accommodations are in place, would it be useful to meet with the individual to
evaluate the effectiveness of the accommodations and determine whether additional accommodations are needed?
• Do supervisory personnel and employees need disability awareness training or training on the Americans with Disabilities Act?
http://www.jan.wvu.edu/
Universal Design
“The design of products and environment to be usable by all people, to the greatest
extent possible…”
PRINCIPLE ONE: Equitable UseThe design is useful and marketable to people with
diverse abilities.
Guidelines
• Provide the same means of use for all users: identical whenever possible; equivalent when not.
• Avoid segregating or stigmatizing any users. • Provisions for privacy, security, and safety should
be equally available to all users. • Make the design appealing to all users.
Enlarged Print
Talking Picture Album
Record a personalized 10-second message for each photo. Album holds 24 4x6 inch photos.
Laser Lock
Trash Bag Cinch
Temperature Gun
Dynavox
A Manual On The Wall
Modify Existing Manual/Tools
Drawer Dividers
Before
After
Cabinet Dividers
Before
After
Diaper Drawer Dividers
BeforeAfter
Salt and Pepper Filler
The Two Faces of Accommodations and Adaptations
Speed$$$$ Savings
PRINCIPLE TWO: Flexibility in Use The design accommodates a wide range of individual
preferences and abilities.
Guidelines• Provide choice in methods of use. • Accommodate right- or left-handed access and
use. • Facilitate the user’s accuracy and precision. • Provide adaptability to the user’s pace.
TimePad
• TimePAD features automatically played messages at pre-set times. For example, “It’s 9:30—time for break”.
• Up to 72 seconds of speech divided among five messages.
• Used as a verbal reminder of breaks, lunches, etc. Records in a voice that is familiar to the individual.
One Hand Keyboard and Finger Trac Ball
Safety Knives
• Automatic Spring-Loaded Finger Guards, protect & retract when cutting
• Thumb grip for superior control• Blade will not break out of casing
under stress• Only blunt edges of Hook Blade
exposed. Protects fingers from sharp blade.
• Cuts cardboard and packaging
PRINCIPLE THREE: Simple and Intuitive UseUse of the design is easy to understand, regardless of the user’s
experience, knowledge, language skills, or current concentration level.
Guidelines
• Eliminate unnecessary complexity. • Be consistent with user expectations and intuition. • Accommodate a wide range of literacy and language skills. • Arrange information consistent with its importance. • Provide effective prompting and feedback during and after task
completion
Performing Calculations
Depending on IQ and other cognitive abilities, people with MR/DD may not be able to count, tally, or track due to an inability to "do math" or perform calculations involving numbers. – Allow use of calculator: Large-display calculators and
talking calculators are options– Use counter or ticker – Make pre-counted or pre-measured poster or jig – Provide talking tape measure – Use liquid level indicators – Mark the measuring cup with a "fill to here" line
Calculator and Golf Beads
Modified Counting Board/Cart
Business Cards
Pictures instead of Words
Tally Sheets
Personalized Manuals
PRINCIPLE FOUR: Perceptible InformationThe design communicates necessary information effectively to the user,
regardless of ambient conditions or the user’s sensory abilities.
Guidelines•
Use different modes (pictorial, verbal, tactile) for redundant presentation of essential information.
• Provide adequate contrast between essential information and its surroundings.
• Maximize “legibility” of essential information. • Differentiate elements in ways that can be described (i.e.,
make it easy to give instructions or directions). • Provide compatibility with a variety of techniques or devices
used by people with sensory limitations.
A Picture Manual
• Designed by drawer and section• Pictures instead of words • Color Coded • Chargeable vs. non-chargeable
Place the Employee in the Picture
Sign Smith Studiohttp://www.vcom3d.com/
First in the series is Studio, an animation tool that automates lip-synced speech and offers a selection of characters, facial expressions, stances, and gestures. This and other Vcommunicator software will put automated tools in the hands of multi-national business teams as well as individuals to enable them to cost effectively create multi-cultural and personalized platform-independent media. Character animation that can be viewed on any device (iPod, cell phone, PDA, PC, or Mac) and media player (QuickTime, Windows Media Player, and Flash) is just a click away. Author once and play everywhere!
Personal Communicatorhttp://commtechlab.msu.edu/sites/aslweb/index.htm
Michigan State University's ASL Browser web site, an online American Sign Language (ASL) browser where you can look up video of thousands of ASL signs and learn interesting things about them.
Check Off Sheet For All To See
© CCHMC 1/3/06
PRINCIPLE FIVE: Tolerance for ErrorThe design minimizes hazards and the adverse consequences of accidental
or unintended actions.
Guidelines• Arrange elements to minimize hazards and
errors: most used elements, most accessible; hazardous elements eliminated, isolated, or shielded.
• Provide warnings of hazards and errors. • Provide fail safe features. • Discourage unconscious action in tasks that
require vigilance.
Low Visual Aid Assistance
Zoom Text
BeforeBefore AfterAfter
Handheld CCTV
PRINCIPLE SIX: Low Physical EffortThe design can be used efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of
fatigue.
Guidelines
• Allow user to maintain a neutral body position.
• Use reasonable operating forces.
• Minimize repetitive actions.
• Minimize sustained physical effort.
Free-Standing Lazy Susan
Manipulating the Environment
Track Ball
Non-Tilting Keyboard Tray
Lumbar support, padded seat chair
Plastic Mat
Communication Device
Table
Mobile Lift Table
• Standard Features• Heavy-duty construction with capturedscissor rollers for maximum stability• Superior hydraulic systems feature anintegrated pump-cylinder for maximumreliability• High quality casters and wheels forexceptional rollability• Dual action caster brake locks both thewheel and the swivel• Ergonomic push handle with convenientlowering control• Lowering control automatically stopswhen released for added safety• Convenient maintenance pins securethe scissor legs for inspection andmaintenance• Quality baked enamel finish providesexceptional durability and corrosion
• 20.50 x 39.8 platform• Raised height 40.4
PRINCIPLE SEVEN: Size and Space for Approach and UseAppropriate size and space is provided for approach, reach, manipulation,
and use regardless of user’s body size, posture, or mobility.
Guidelines
• Provide a clear line of sight to important elements for any seated or standing user.
• Make reach to all components comfortable for any seated or standing user.
• Accommodate variations in hand and grip size. • Provide adequate space for the use of assistive
devices or personal assistance.
Overlay Key Guard
One Hand Keyboard
Manipulating the Environment
Track Ball
Non-Tilting Keyboard Tray
Lumbar support, padded seat chair
Plastic Mat
Communication Device
Table
Do Not Be Afraid To Make Mistakes!
Counting Board
First Attempt: Cleaning Rotation
2nd Attempt: Calendar
It doesn’t matter how many times you get knocked down….
It only matters how many times you get up again.
3rd Attempt: Center by Center Check List
References
• JAN (Job Accommodations Network– http://www.jan.wvu.edu/
• Universal Design– http://www.design.ncsu.edu/cud/