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Corpus Selection and Overview

Name

Institutional Affiliation

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EVOLUTION OF HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

Source:https://www.pinterest.ca/pin/300685712616034616/?nic_v2=1a258WEpW,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotel_Astor_(New_York_City) ,

htps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Avenue_Hotel

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In the year 1980, the  United Nations World Tourism Organization  announced

the day of September 27 as “World Tourism Day”. The idea of this celebration is to

bring sustainability to the tourism sector all around the world. UN World Tourism

Organization defines tourism as “Activities of persons traveling to and staying in

different places for not more than a consecutive year for leisure, business or

traveling purpose.” The inception of traveling is as old as mankind. Our ancient

civilizations traveled great lengths in search of food and shelter. Over the period of

time, the purpose of traveling changed. The mere act of traveling has now become a

giant industry. The tourism industry is a collage of various services like

transportation, food, and beverages, lodging, travel agencies, entertainment, etc…

Back in the old times, land and water were the only means of transportation. And

they were often considered risky. But as the innovations gave birth to more

convenient and safer ways of transportation, the tourism industry saw humongous

growth in the number of travelers all around the globe. The tourism industry that we

see today is the product of evolution in the hospitality sector, Innovations in

transportations, advancements in communication technology, etc.

The idea of hospitality is what lies in the center of the tourism industry.  The

term Hospitality has been derived from a French word “Hospice” which means

“Taking care of the travelers”.  In Old times, locals used to let the travelers rest on

kitchen floors or other extra spaces during their journey. There were no purpose-

built resting facilities for tourists until monasteries decided to build one. This gave

birth to lodging services. In the late 1700s, Inns came into being. Inns were nothing

but a shelter by the road where travelers can stop to take rest and get some food.

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They would also take care of traveler’s horses while they rest. This is the time when

the seeds of the modern hospitality facility were planted. What we see today is the

growth of the past two millennia. Here’s how the lodging facilities evolved with

time.

19TH CENTURY: INDULGENCE OF LUXURY INTO THE EVOLUTION

OF HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

In the early 1800s, “Inns” were the only lodging facility available for the

tourists. A lot of Inns were established prior 19th century. But, lodging was not just

about bedding and resting facility anymore. They started providing food and drinks

to the travelers. And soon the element of luxury started to blend in. This gave birth

to hotels. Hotels emerged as more sophisticated facilities which provided better

rooms and dining areas.  The year of 1829 is considered as a landmark in the

timeline of the American hospitality industry.  It was the year when an American

architect Isaiah Rogers  designed and constructed the first luxury hotel “Tremont

Hotel” in Boston, Massachusetts. It was the first hotel with private attached

bathroom and lock on the doors. It used a steam-powered pump to lift up water to

the storage tank on the roof. “Tremont Hotel” had set a benchmark for the luxurious

hotels in those days. The hotels and Inns then on started giving more importance to

services to stand out different than other hotels. They kept improving their services

and facilities. At the later stage, hotels started to have bars. And soon the bars

became an important selling point for the hotels. The architecture and aesthetics of

the hotels were improving alongside. There were more multistory hotels and they

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had the beautiful exterior to stand out different from other hotels. Soon it was a

trend for well-decorated ceilings and beautiful crystal chandeliers.

20TH CENTURY: BEGINNING OF MODERN HOSPITALITY ERA

Hospitality, which was rather a part of the culture, emerged as a huge

business opportunity. A lot of people started building hotels and they incorporated

more and more facilities. Innovations in transportation systems enabled more and

more people to travel. Some people saw the opportunity and jumped into the hotel

business. That is why in the early to mid 20th Century, a lot of giant hotel chains

started doing their business. The industry had become more competitive than

ever. In the year 1919, Conard Hilton opened his first hotel in Texas.  Later on,

Conard also bought the Ellsworth Statler’s chain of hotels in the year 1954. Marriot

(est. 1927), Sheraton (est. 1937) and Hyatt (est. in 1957) also emerged as giant

players in the industry.

There is an interesting story behind why Kemmon Wilson started Holiday Inn

series of hotels and inns. Once Kemmon Wilson had gone for a holiday to

Washington DC with his family. He had to pay extra for his five children in all the

hotels they stayed in. Kemmon found the accommodations very expensive and

uncomfortable for families. So he decided to start his own hotel. That is how the

first Holiday Inn started in the year 1952. Holiday Inn went on to set better

hospitality standards. Their main focus was to build family-friendly hotels. With

their first hotel built in 1952, Holiday group went on to build its 1000th Holiday Inn

in the year 1968. It was indeed a phenomenal growth for any hotel brand in those

days.

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Cars became extremely popular in the mid 20th century. Intercity traveling

became more convenient because of the well-connected network of roads. These

factors favored the growth of Motels. The word motel is made up of “Motor and

Hotel”. Motels were small 10×10 Ft wooden cabins for the travelers to take rest

during the night journeys. These motels were built alongside the main highways to

host more and more people who might want to take rest for a few hours or stay

overnight during their journey. The concept of the motel was well received and they

grew exponentially in numbers in a later stage. The motels were affordable and

convenient and that is the reason why the concept of Motels was well received.

21ST CENTURY: TECHNOLOGICAL INTEGRATIONS IN THE

EVOLUTION OF HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

While it all started with providing only a place for sleeping, the traditional

hospitality industry has evolved to become what we see today. Despite all the

changes the industry saw, the customer has always been the center. It is consistently

evolving to become more advanced. In this new century, the hotels reached the new

heights, literally. Some of the tallest hotels were built in the 21st century. The

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technological advancements in the engineering made it all possible. Hotel Fairmont

Makkah and Burj al Arab are some examples of it.

Founded in the year 2008, Airbnb opened up a new segment in the

hospitality industry.  It acts as a marketplace connecting people who wanted to rent

their property with those who want to rent it. Since more and more people are

traveling for business or for leisure, this gives them a very convenient and

affordable option. Also, there has been seen a great hike in the number of solo

travelers globally. These solo travelers not much bothered about the amenities. They

don’t mind sharing spaces. They love meeting and interacting with locals as well as

fellow travelers. And that is why concepts of youth hostels and home-hospitality

have become new trends. The Internet helps a lot to such hospitality businesses.

People can see the availability, photos, and reviews from other users. Today, we can

browse through all our possible option for staying in any part of the world. We can

know about services and amenities. Not only we can reserve our stay but we can

also pay in advance. The recent trends in the evolution of hospitality industry favor

the construction of hotels which has a classic historic touch integrated with modern

services.

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The hotel industry has always contributed largely in terms of revenue for any

healthy economy. The modern hotel industry in 1960 valued around $3 Billion,

which crossed the mark of $25 Billion in the year 1990. These numbers went down

due to attacks of 9/11 and recession in the early 2000s. But the industry and its

people stood strong and got back its lost pace soon in the new decade. Today, the

hotel industry is worth more than $500 Billion providing jobs to 4.5 million people.

ABOUT US

We at Russell and Dawson feel extremely proud of being associated with the

hospitality industry. Founded in the year 1965, Russell and Dawson is a client-first

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company which has been providing architecture, engineering and construction

services nationally and internationally for more than 50 years now. From the first

hospitality project in the year 1982, we have provided various services to more than

245+ hospitality projects so far. Russell and Dawson has worked with hotel

developers/owners for the new development, conversion or renovation projects for

prestigious brands like IHG(30+ projects), Marriott(15+ projects), Hilton (55+

projects), Carlson Group(4 Projects), Best Western(14 projects), Hyatt and

independent brands in the northeast region and overseas – India, UAE (Dubai), Sri

Lanka, Egypt, Bahrain, and Brunei.

Since 1965, Russell and Dawson have been meeting and exceeding the

expectations of our clients. If you would like to learn more about the incredible

benefits of our hotel design-build service and connect with architectural experts

regarding your next construction project, please call or  contact us online  today!

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Corpus part 1

A corpus is a collection of texts which are written from an entire work of a particular

author on a particular subject. Corpus text is an extended which means a language resource that

involves texts that are wide and structured in nature (Crystal, 2011). Corpus linguistics are mostly

used in the testing of hypothesis and also in the analysis of statistics. Additionally, they also used

in checking occurrences in a specific language territory.

Corpus Overview

The Corpus is dealing with the trends in the hospitality industry worldwide mainly based

on the Evolution of the hospitality industry from the 19th century to the 21st century. The corpus

addresses different aspects in the hospitality sector such as the luxury indulgence, the modern era

is explained and also the technological interventions of the evolution of the hospitality industry.

The corpus is derived from a Wikipedia page with various blog posts which addresses the growth

of the hospitality sector along a period of time. This corpus text explains the when the World

Day Tourism was announced the reasons. The idea behind the forming of this special was to

indulge sustainability in the tourism sector around the world. The page is compiled by Russell

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and Dawson client first company that provides various services such as construction,

engineering, and architecture both nationally and internationally.

This corpus was the most preferred since it is a representative of various files that can be

used in the compression system in the future. This corpus is from the Wikipedia blogposts hence

it is made available to any one worldwide. The corpus contains only 1578 words meaning that it

is not larger than necessary and hence its distribution is cost effective and also quick. This corpus

can be termed as valid since the information in it was updated on 2020 which makes in worth

using in the research areas on the hospitality industry.

In the analysis of the corpus, the AntConc analysis toolkit was used which contains other

comprehensive tools such as keyword and word frequency generator, concordance and also the

word distribution plot. The AntConc tool was most favorable in building the corpus since it host

tools that are user friendly such as the concordance which are more effective in facilitating

learning of collocations, grammar and also the different types of writing styles.

This corpus contains 562-word types and with a total of 1578 words in the text. The

phrase` the’ has the highest frequency appearance totaling to 121 times. A typical word such as

industry has 21 hits in the corpus and behaves differently in each section. The word has been

mostly at the end of the sentences in the corpus text. A phrase such as` of ‘has 56 hits and it has

been used at the middle of sentences in the text. The length of the corpus was selected on the

basis of item with the highest hits.

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Part II

The title for this corpus is the evolution of hospitality industry. The topic of the corpus is

the changes in advancement in the hospitality industry over time. This corpus contains 562-word

types and with a total of 1578 words in the text. This corpus is published by a construction

company called Russell and Dawson. They have been in the operation for 50 years. They offer

services such as architecture, construction and engineering both internationally and nationally.

Up to date they have provided these services to more than 245 projects in the hospitality sector.

The corpus was obtained from the Wikipedia site.

I selected this corpus because it’s informative. The author has outlined how the

hospitality industry began and where it is currently. This corpus was the most preferred since it is

a representative of various files that can be used in the compression system in the future. It is

easier to access this page when you navigate on the website. The scope of this corpus analyzes

different occurrences during the evolution of the hospitality sector. In early 1800s the only

lodging facility were the inns. The facilities only offered bed and rest. Later on the lodgings

began offering food and beverages to their customers. But later on some element of luxury came

in. it led to the construction of hotels when offered better resting facilities and dining areas. In

1829 Isaiah Rodgers who was an American architect designed and constructed the first luxury

hotel known as Tremont hotel. It was located in Boston Massachusetts. According to the history

it was the first hotel to have door lock and a private bathroom. Due to this construction the year

was considered as a landmark in the timeline on hospitality industry in America.

In the 20th century hospitality sector came in as a big opportunity for investors to start

their business. Innovations in the transport sector also contributed to the growth of these hotels as

people could get access to these luxury sites. Many people started constructing hotels adding

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more facilities in them. As time went by inns and hotels began to have bars inside. They became

vital sale points for many hotels. In the year 1919, Conard Hilton opened his first hotel in

Texas .in 1954, Conard purchased the Ellsworth Statler’s chain of hotels. Marriot, Sheraton and

Hyatt emerged as major players in the industry. In the mid-20th century Cars became very

common. Due to the construction of well-connected network roads, intercity traveling became

more suitable. These led to the growth of Motels which favored business travelers

In the 21st century some technological aspects came in on the industry. The engineers has

also spearheaded the growth by coming up with new models and designs of constructing the

hotels. Currently hotel industry has been ranked among the major contributors of the world

economy.in 2008 Airbnb opened segment in the hospitality industry which acted as a market for

connecting people who were renting their property and those that wanted to rent. Travelers with

different needs came up. A group known as solo travelers was recognized during this phase.

These group in interactive and don’t mind sharing spaces. This group led to coming of hostels

and home hospitality concept. The current trends in the growth of hospitality industry favor the

building of hotels which has a standard significant touch incorporated with modern services.

Apparently hospitality industry has provided job opportunities to about 4.5 million.

This article talks more about the developed of the hospitality sector. Russell Company

has been able to work with hotels owners and developers for construction and renovations of

hotels. It has 30 plus projects with IHG, 15 plus with Marriott, 55+ with Hilton, 14 with best

western and 4 project with Carlson group. Most of these brands have been known to offer the

best hospitality services. This company have managed to exceed their customers’ expectations

by offering the best hotel design. A part from the hospitality sector this company works with,

Government, Education Community, Office and Retail, Residential, Industrial and Finance. The

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length of the corpus was selected on the basis of item with the highest hits. The length of this

corpus is also based on the historical data provided. The topic revolves on the historical changes

that has occurred from 19th century up to date.

The word hotel has been used 37 times in this corpus. This shows that it has focused on

the progress changes of the hotel industry.it has clearly elaborated on how they started from inns

to the big hotels that we see which has been designed well with good interior décor. Some of the

questions that can be asked in this corpus includes; in natural language processing, which

discursive data must be taken into consideration and what is the method used for indexing?

Which research method did the research use to study the evolution of hospitality industry?

Which is the biggest hospitality facility in the world? What were the data collection tools used to

collect and analyze this data? Who are the competitors of Russel and Dawson in the current

market?

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Reference

Crystal, D. (2011). Internet linguistics: A student guide. Retrieved from https://www.vitalsource.com

Pintrest, (2020). Twin Bridges. https://www.pinterest.ca/pin/300685712616034616/?

nic_v2=1a258WEpW