Acdt Rpt 1 ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION AND REPORTING AR 385-40 DA PAM 385-40

Acdt Rpt 1

ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION AND REPORTING

AR 385-40DA PAM 385-40

Acdt Rpt 2

Accident Investigation PublicationsAccident Investigation Publications• AR 385-40AR 385-40 - Accident Reporting and Records,

1 Nov 94

• Provides policy and procedures and assigns responsibility for notification, investigation, reporting, and submission of Army accident reports.

• DA Pam 385-40DA Pam 385-40 - Army Accident Investigation and Reporting , 1 Nov 94

• Army Accident Investigation “HOW TO” manual for aviation and ground accidents.


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TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

ACTION: Investigate / report Army accidents

CONDITIONS: As a safety NCO / unit leader

STANDARDS: IAW AR 385-40 & DA PAM 385-40.

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• PURPOSE OF ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION• DEFINE ARMY ACCIDENT• ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION RESPONSIBILITIES• CLASSIFICATION OF ACCIDENTS• REPORTING AND RECORDING ARMY

ACCIDENTS • CATEGORIES OF INVESTIGATION REPORTS• INVESTIGATION PROCEDURES• ACCIDENT REPORTING TERMINOLOGY

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WHY INVESTIGATE / REPORT ACCIDENTS?

“Those who do not learn from their mistakes are doomed to repeat

them.”

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ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION AND REPORTING PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION / REPORTINGTHE INVESTIGATION DETERMINES:

WHAT HAPPENED?

CAUSE FACTORS

•HUMAN ERROR / MISTAKE•MATERIEL FAILURE•ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR

WHY DID ITHAPPEN?

SYSTEM INADEQUACY / ROOT CAUSE•SUPPORT•LEADER•TRAINING•STDS / PROCEDURES•INDIVIDUAL

WHAT TODO ABOUT

IT?RECOMMENDATIONS

FIXESCONTROL MEASURESCOUNTERMEASURES

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ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION AND REPORTING PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION/REPORTING:

• Identify accident cause factors and system deficiencies

• Assess manpower and monetary losses due to accidents

• Collect accident data to develop accident prevention measures

• Prevention only (not to be used for litigation, claims, disciplinary action, or adverse administrative actions)

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ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION AND REPORTING LEGAL / REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS:

• OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT (OSHA) PL 91-596

• EXECUTIVE ORDER 12196• 29 CFR 1960, FEDERAL OSHA

PROGRAM• DOD INSTRUCTION 6055.7• AR 385-40• DA PAM 385-40

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DEFINITION - ACCIDENT

ACCIDENT - an unplanned event that causes personnel injury or illness, or property damage.

AR 385-40, TERMS

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DEFINITION - ARMY ACCIDENT

ARMY ACCIDENT - an accident that results in injury / illness to either army or non-Army personnel, and/or damage to Army or non-Army property as a result of Army operations (caused by the Army).

AR 385-40, TERMS

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ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION AND REPORTING - AR 385-40

ACCIDENT REPORTING TERMINOLOGY

• PERMANENT TOTAL DISABILITY - Any nonfatal injury or occupational illness that in the opinion of the competent medical authority, permanently and totally incapacitates a person to the extent that he or she cannot follow any gainful employment. The loss, or loss of use of both hands, feet, eyes, or any combination thereof as a result of a single accident.

AR 385-40, TERMS

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• PERMANENT PARTIAL DISABILITY - Any injury or occupational illness that does not result in death or permanent disability but, in the opinion of the competent medical authority, results in the loss or permanent impairment of any part of the body with the following exceptions:• Loss of teeth• Loss of fingernails or toenails• Loss of tip of finger or tip of toe• Hearing loss

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• LOST-TIME CASE- A nonfatal traumatic injury that causes any loss of time from work beyond the day or shift on which it occurred or a nonfatal non-traumatic illness / disease that causes loss of time from work or disability at any time.

AR 385-40, TERMS

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• LOST-WORKDAY CASE- Cases in which an accident results in Army personnel missing one or more days of work. Days away from work are those workdays (consecutive or not) on which Army personnel would have worked but could not because of injury, occupational illness, or job-related physical deficiencies detected during medical surveillance examinations.

AR 385-40, TERMS

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• NONFATAL CASE WITHOUT LOST WORKDAYS - (Light duty / restricted work activity) - cases other than lost workday cases where army military, civilian personnel, because of an injury or occupational illness, experienced one or more of the following:• Permanent transfer to another job or termination.• Loss of consciousness

• Restricted duty (profile)

AR 385-40, TERMS

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• INJURY- A traumatic wound or other condition of the body caused by external forces, including stress or strain. The injury is identifiable to time and place of occurrence and member or function of the body affected, and is caused by a specific event or incident or series or events or incidents within a single day or work shift.

AR 385-40, TERMS

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• OCCUPATIONAL ILLNESS - Nontraumatic physiological harm or loss of capacity produced by systemic infection; continued or repeated stress or strain; exposure to toxins, poisons, fumes, etc., or other continued and repeated exposures to conditions of the work environment over a long period of time. A condition that does not meet the definition of an injury.

AR 385-40, TERMS

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• MEDICAL TREATMENT- Any treatment (other than first aid) administered by a physician or by registered professional medical personnel under orders of a physician

AR 385-40, TERMS

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• FIRST AID - One-time medical treatment for minor scratches, cuts, burns, and similar injuries that do not ordinarily require medical attention, plus any follow-up visits for observation. Such one-time treatment and follow-up visits will be considered first aid, even if provided by a physician.

AR 385-40, TERMS

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WHAT TO INVESTIGATE / REPORT -Commanders will investigate / report:

• Damage to Army property.• Injury (fatal or nonfatal) to military personnel• Injury to on-duty civilian personnel• Occupational injury or illness (fatal or

nonfatal) to military personnel or Army civilian employees

AR 385-40, 2-3

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WHAT TO INVESTIGATE / REPORT -Commanders will investigate / report:

• Injury / illness to non-Army personnel as a result of Army operations.

• Damage to non-Army property as a direct result of Army operations.

• Class E Aviation incident• FOD incidents (class F)

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OCCURRENCES - NOT AN ARMY ACCIDENT

• Combat losses• Directly caused by enemy action• Due to evasive action taken to avoid enemy

fire• Failure to return from a combat mission

• Malfunction or failure of component parts

AR 385-40, 2-5

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OCCURRENCES - NOT AN ARMY ACCIDENT (CON’T)

• Expected damage (testing)• Property damage as a result of

vandalism, riot, civil disorder, felony• Deliberate damage to aircraft or

equipment or to occupants• Accidents occurring during transport by

commercial carrier

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NONREPORTABLE INJURIES / ILLNESSES

• NONOCCUPATIONAL ILLNESS / INJURY - Injury / illness is not proximate cause. Example -excessive bleeding of hemophiliac

• SELF-INFLICTED INJURIES - Suicide or self-inflicted injury

• CRIMINAL ASSAULT - Fist-fight or brawl

• PRIOR-SERVICE INJURIES - Injury prior to service entry

AR 385-40, 2-7

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• INFECTIVE AND PARASITIC DISEASE - Example - respiratory disease or food-poisoning

• STRAINS - Resulting from pre-existing musculoskeletal disorder (strain occurs during sneeze)

• HOSPITALIZATION (OBSERVATION ONLY)

• ESCAPE FROM CUSTODY - Injury occurring while attempting escape

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• DEATH DUE TO NATURAL CAUSES - Example - heart attack

• ADVERSE REACTION- Reaction to alcohol or drugs not administered by medical authority

• PRE-EXISTING INJURIES OR ILLNESSES

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CLASSIFICATION OF ARMY ACCIDENTS

• Notification requirements, • Site security requirements,• Investigation procedures and

responsibilities, • Required accident reports

Accident Type And Classification are used to determine:

AR 385-40, 2-2

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• The resulting total cost of property damage is $1,000,000 or more;

• An Army aircraft or missile is destroyed, missing, or abandoned; or

• An injury and/or occupational illness results in a fatality or permanent total disability.

CLASS A - an Army accident in which:

AR 385-40, 2-2

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• The resulting total cost of property damage is $200,000 or more,

• But less than $1,000,000; • An injury and/or occupational illness

results in permanent partial disability, or • When five or more personnel are

inpatient hospitalized from a single occurrence.

CLASS B - an Army accident in which:

AR 385-40, 2-2

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CLASSIFICATION OF ARMY ACCIDENTSNOTIFICATION, SECURITY, INVESTIGATION NOTE:

• Class A & B accident investigations are conducted by an accident investigation board (CAI or IAI Board).

• Immediate notification is required through chain of command to USASC

• If possible, unit must secure the accident site for the accident board to see. (May not be possible for traffic accident)

AR 385-40, 3-2, 4-2

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• But less than $200,000; • A nonfatal injury that causes any loss of

time from work beyond the day or shift on which it occurred;

• Or a nonfatal occupational illness that causes loss of time from work (e.g. 1 work day) or disability at any time (lost time case).

CLASS C - an Army accident in which:

AR 385-40, 2-2

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• But less than $10,000.• Example:

An Army 5 ton truck backed into a parked civilian auto resulting in $2500 damage to the privately owned vehicle (as a result of Army operations).

• Note: An Army accident resulting in less than $2000 property damage and no lost time injury are reported using local procedures.

CLASS D - an Army accident in which:

AR 385-40, 2-2

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• An Army incident in which the resulting damage cost and injury severity do not meet the criteria for Class A-D accident ($2,000 or more damage; lost time/restricted activity case).

• A Class E aviation incident is reportable when the mission is interrupted or not completed.

CLASS E aviation incident -

AR 385-40, 2-2

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• Recordable incidents are confined to aircraft turbine engine damage only as a result of internal or external FOD

FOREIGN OBJECT DAMAGE (FOD) AVIATION INCIDENT (CLASS F) -

AR 385-40, 2-2

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ARMY ACCIDENT TYPES• ARMY AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT• ARMY MOTOR VEHICLE

ACCIDENT (AMV)• ARMY COMBAT VEHICLE

(ACV)• ARMY OPERATED VEHICLE• OTHER ARMY VEHICLE• PRIVATELY OWNED

VEHICLE (POV)• PERSONNEL INJURY -

OTHER• MARINE ACCIDENT

• FIRE• CHEMICAL AGENT

ACCIDENT• EXPLOSIVES ACCIDENT• IONIZING AND

NONIONIZING RADIATION ACDT & INCIDENT

• NUCLEAR • BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE

MISHAP• DRONE AIRCRAFT (RPV)• FRATRICIDE

PE # 1

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COMMAND RESPONSIBILITIES PRELIMINARY ACCIDENT SITE PROCEDURES:

• Initiate actions IAW unit pre-accident plan• Contact emergency services - fire, rescue, MP,

HAZMAT team, EOD• Notification - chain of command

• First priority - safety of victims, personnel involved, and the general public

AR 385-40, 2-9, 3-2

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COMMAND RESPONSIBILITIES PRELININARY ACCIDENT SITE PROCEDURES:

• Neutralize accident site hazards:• Fire• Ammunition cook-off / explosion• Fuel spill / hazardous materials. • Burnt carbon fibers (composite

materials). • Traffic hazards / additional collisions.• Electrical hazards • Bloodborne pathogen

AR 385-40, 2-9, 3-2

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COMMAND RESPONSIBILITIES PRELININARY ACCIDENT SITE PROCEDURES:

• Take action to secure / preserve the accident scene

• Safeguard from bystanders• Control access to site• Rope off site - keep unauthorized

personnel out• Protect physical evidence - ground

markings / scars, placement of wreckage / equipment

AR 385-40, 2-9, 3-2

Acdt Rpt 39

COMMAND RESPONSIBILITIES PRELIMINARY ACCIDENT SITE PROCEDURES:

• Notify the commander of personnel involved

• Notify USASC, DSN 558-2660/3410 (Class A & B (Avn / Gnd); & Class C Avn mishap)

• Notify USASC - (DA Civilian injuries - 3 or more hospitalized from a single accident - OSHA DOL notification)

• Provide information from Notification Worksheet DA Form 7306-R

AR 385-40, 2-9, 3-2

Acdt Rpt 40

COMMAND RESPONSIBILITIES INVESTIGATION / REPORTING RESPONSIBILITIES:

• Commanders at all levels (installation level down to company or detachment) are responsible for investigating and reporting accidents.• Class A & B On-duty - CAI / IAI board• Class A & B Off-duty - Unit prepares AGAR / follow

MACOM /installation procedures for fatal accidents.• Class C & D - unit prepares AGAR

• Accident report submitted through chain of command / installation safety to USASC

AR 385-40 Table E-1 / E-2

Acdt Rpt 41

ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION RESPONSIBILITIES - GROUND

ACDT CLASS RESPONSIBILITY REPORTCLASS A & B (NOTIFY USASC) DA 285 + ON-DUTY CAI / IAI BOARD TECH RPT

CLASS C & D UNIT CDR AGARON-DUTY 30 DAYS

CLASS A-D UNIT CDR AGAROFF-DUTY 30 DAYS

DA CIVILIAN (CLASS A & B CA-1, CA-2ON-DUTY NOTIFY USASC) CA-6CLASS A & B CAI / IAI BOARD TECH RPTCLASS C SUPERVISOR CA-1, CA-2

CLASS A & B (NOTIFY USASC) AGAR OFF-DUTY MAY APPOINT IAI 30 DAYS

Acdt Rpt 42

ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION RESPONSIBILITIES -

AVIATION

ACDT CLASS RESPONSIBILITY REPORTCLASS A (NOTIFY USASC) DA 2397 + CAI / IAI BOARD TECH RPT

CLASS B (NOTIFY USASC) DA 2397 + CAI / IAI BOARD TECH RPT

CLASS C (NOTIFY USASC) AAAR IAI BOARD 90 DAYS

CLASS D - F UNIT CDR AAAR (PE # 2) 10 DAYS

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REPORTING vs. RECORDINGARMY ACCIDENTS

REPORTABLE ACCIDENTS

(ALL ACCIDENTS)

MINOR INJURY OR DAMAGE

LOCAL REPORT PROCEDURES

REPORTED TO UNITSAFETY OFFICER OR

INSTALLATION SAFETY

AR 385-40REPORTED AND RECORDED IAW

ARMY PROCEDURES

MEETS CRITERIA FOR RECORDABLE ACCIDENT /

INCIDENT

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• REPORTING - Report all accidents to the unit safety officer / installation safety office

• Local reporting procedures for:• Property damage less than $2000• Military personnel injury - no lost time /

restricted duty only• Military personnel injury - first aid only

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RECORDING - Meets AR 385-40 criteria for recordable accident / incident.

Investigation results are recorded on the appropriate form and forwarded to USASC

for entry into Army accident database.

• Class A-D Accidents• Class E & FOD Aviation• Damage exceeds $2000• Soldier injury results in 1 or more lost

workdays

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CATEGORIES OF ACCIDENT REPORTS

• SAFETY ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT - Used for prevention purposes only• Limited Use Report• General Use Report

• COLLATERAL INVESTIGATION REPORT - Used to determine accountability, liability, claims, disciplinary action

• CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION (MP / CID)

AR 385-40, 2-9, 1-7

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SAFETY ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORTS Limited Use Safety Accident Investigation Report

• All flight accidents• Fratricide / friendly fire• Selected accidents involving other

complex weapons systems as determined by Cdr, USASC

AR 385-40, 1-7

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SAFETY ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORTS Limited Use Safety Accident Investigation Report

• Report is for accident prevention• May offer confidentiality to witness• Findings, recommendations, and witness

statements not releasable to public or outside DoD

• Purely factual information - pictures, drawings, tests may be released / shared with collateral investigator

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SAFETY ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORTS - AR 385-40, 1-7 General Use Safety Accident Investigation Report

• USE - To record data concerning all reportable accidents not covered by limited use reports.

• Used for accident prevention• Not for administrative or disciplinary action within DoD• Not generally releasable - need to know for the purpose

of accident prevention• Witness statements not exempt from disclosure in

response to a request under FOIA

Acdt Rpt 50

COLLATERAL INVESTIGATION(NOT A SAFETY INVESTIGATION)

• USE - Record facts for use in litigation, claims and administrative and disciplinary actions

• Required on all on-duty Class A accidents (LOD will suffice for off-duty fatality)

• Public Interest • Safety personnel do not conduct, review, or

store collateral investigations.• Accident investigation has priority• Collateral investigation covered by: AR 27-

20 or AR 15-6

AR 385-40, 1-8

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CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION (MP / CID)

• MP / CID - Investigate to determine if criminal activity is involved.

• Safety accident investigation board has access to MP / CID evidence, photos, witness statements

• Accident investigation will halt if criminal activity is discovered. (Other than negligence, dereliction of duty or disobedience of an order)

AR 385-40, 4-7

Acdt Rpt 52

COMPLETING THE ACCIDENT REPORT

DA PAM 385-40

Investigate /ReportArmy

Accidents•DA 285 Army Accident Report•DA 285-AB-R Abbreviated Ground Accident Report

Acdt Rpt 53


THE INVESTIGATION PROCESS:

WHAT HAPPENED?

CAUSE FACTORS

•HUMAN ERROR / MISTAKE•MATERIEL FAILURE•ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR

WHY DID ITHAPPEN?

SYSTEM INADEQUACY / ROOT CAUSE•SUPPORT•LEADER•TRAINING•STDS / PROCEDURES•INDIVIDUAL

WHAT TODO ABOUT

IT?RECOMMENDATIONS

FIXESCONTROL MEASURESCOUNTERMEASURES

Acdt Rpt 54


Example of a completed AGAR form, DA PAM 385-40, page 103-104

PRACTICAL EXERCISE #3

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• Purpose of accident investigation• Define Army accident• Accident investigation responsibilities• Classification of accidents• Reporting and Recording Army accidents • Categories of investigation reports• Reporting Procedures- AGAR• Accident reporting terminology

Acdt Rpt 56


QUESTIONS??

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PRACTICAL EXERCISE # 3COMPLETING THE ACCIDENT

REPORT FORM

HOMEWORK DUE AT START OF CLASS IN THE MORNING.

Documents

Acdt Rpt 1 ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION AND REPORTING AR 385-40 DA PAM 385-40