The 6th International Conference of Asian Concrete Federation

ACF2 1421-24 Sep., 2014

The-K Hotel Seoul, Korea

Edited by D. Choi and T. Kang

Proceedings of ACF 2014

ISBN 978-89-89499-08-4(93530) www.acf2014.kr

i

Keynote Speech

DEBONDING IN STRENGTHENED CONCRETE MEMBERS ············································································ 1

Tamon Ueda

MODERN CODES FOR DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES ······································································ 6

James K. Wight

SUITABLE SINGLE-SCORE LIFE-CYCLE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT METRICS FOR REINFORCED

CONCRETE STRUCTURES ··························································································································· 11

Mark Alexander and Rachel Muigai

CONCRETE BRIDGES - LESSONS FOR DURABILITY BY DESIGN ································································· 15

Gordon Clark

Special Invited Speech

NANOTECHNOLOGY AND SUSTAINABILITY ····························································································· 19

Surendra P. Shah and Gilson R. Lomboy

THE CURRENT STATE AND FUTURE OF ASIAN CONCRETE/CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY ························ 26

Koji Sakai

Lead Papers

POSSIBILITIES OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) FOR DIAGNOSIS OF

CONCRETE STRUCTURES ··························································································································· 34

György L. Balázs and Éva Lublóy

THE STATE-OF-THE-ART RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE ································································· 38

Keun Joo Byun

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE ULTIMATE LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY OF UHPFRC

ARCHES ······················································································································································· 42

CHEN Baochun, DU Renyuan and HUANG Qingwei

DEVELOPMENT OF DEVICES FOR MEASURING SEMI-ADIABATIC TEMPERATURE RISE AND THERMAL

STRESS ························································································································································ 47

Jin-Keun Kim, Sang-Lyul Cha and Jae-Min Park

C/O /N/T/E/N /T/S

C/O /N/T/E/N/T/S

ii

MODELING AND SIMULATION OF PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAME

BUILDINGS ················································································································································· 55

Sashi Kunnath, Floriana Petrone and Li Shan

THERMO-HYGRAL SIMULATION OF RC DECKS AND MONITORING DATA ASSIMILATION FOR BRIDGE

MAINTENANCE ·········································································································································· 61

Koichi Maekawa

POZZOLANIC PROPERTIES AND UTILISATION OF BOTTOM ASH IN CEMENT AND CONCRETE ············· 69

Ajoy Mullick, Akash Jain, Anchit Lakhanpal and Krishna Murari

WHY DO WE NEED ASIAN CONCRETE MODEL CODE ? ············································································· 75

Jongsung Sim and Kihong Lee

SUNDA STRAIT BRIDGE: A TITANIC PROJECT CONNECTING JAVA ISLAND AND SUMATRA ISLAND ····· 82

FX Supartono

IMPACT BEHAVIOR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE MEMBERS ···································································· 90

Yan Xiao

Parallel Session 1

Special Techniques (Chair: Jin-Keun Kim) Room Gayageum Hall A

SIMULATION AND PERFORMANCE OF USING ACCELERATED LITHIUM MIGRATION TECHNIQUE

REPAIR CONCRETE WITH ASR PROBLEM ··································································································· 97

Chih Chien Liu, Wen Ten Kuo and Chih Yuan Hu

TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT AND AUTOGENOUS SHRINKAGE IN

CONCRETE WITH SUPPLEMENTARY CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS ························································· 105

Tsuyoshi Ishii, Eisuke Nakamura, Masahiro Suzuki, Yuichi Kitano and Hiroshi Watanabe

INFLUENCE OF CaF2 ON THE FORMATION KINETICS OF DICALCIUM SILICATE ···································· 109

Yongbo Huang, Lingchao Lu, Shoude Wang and Chenchen Gong

BASIC OF PHYSICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF PCM-LIGHT-WEIGHT CONCRETE ······················· 113

Enkhbold Odontuya, Myung Kwan Lim, Sukontasukkul Piti and Dong Uk Choi

iii

Special Condition and Features in Structural Application (Chair: CHEN Baochun) Room Gayageum Hall B

CYCLIC LOADING TEST FOR ASPECT RATIO OF 0.5 RC WALLS WITH GRADE 550 MPA BARS ·············· 120

Jang Woon Baek and Hong Gun Park

REVOLUTION IN BUILDING AND FIREPROOFING OF INFRASTRUCTURES ············································· 125

Gerard H.P. Hol and Elwin Roelfsema

REVIEWS: NONLINEAR ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE COUPLED SHEAR WALL SYSTEMS ····· 129

Min Young Son and Myoung Su Shin

CLASSIFICATION OF PRECAST BEAM-TO-COLUMN CONNECTIONS WITH CONTRIBUTION OF

DEFORMATION COMPONENTS ··············································································································· 134

Hee Song, Baek Il Bae, Hyun Ki Choi and Chang Sik Choi

Chloride Penetration and Corrosion (Co-chairs: Tamon Ueda & Ki-Yong Ann) Room Daegeum Hall

COMPARISON OF ION DIFFUSIVITY OF SODIUM CHLORIDE THROUGH HARDENED CEMENT PASTE · 142

Makoto Tsuda and Kazuyuki Torii

DETERIORATION OF CEMENT CONCRETE IN FLOWING WATER AND ANALYSIS OF SEEPAGE &

CEMENT LOSS ··········································································································································· 148

Manmohan Singh, Kulwant Singh, Mayank Tiwari and Jaspreet Singh

NUMERICAL APPROACH TO PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MESOSCOPIC MORTAR BY CA

LEACHING ················································································································································· 155

Taito Miura, Yasuhiko Sato, Takafumi Sugiyama, Katsufumi Hashimoto and Hikaru Nakamura

BEHAVIOR OF STEEL CORROSION IN CEMENT-FREE MORTAR CAST WITH GROUND GRANULATED

BLAST-FURNACE SLAG ····························································································································· 161

Joon Woo Park, Young Hee Jung, Min Sun Jung and Ki Yong Ann

STUDY ON SCALING RESISTANCE OF STEAM-CURED CONCRETE USING BLAST-FURNACE SLAG

CEMENT EXPOSED TO CHLORIDE ············································································································ 165

Yasuhiro Koda and Ichiro Iwaki

EVALUATION OF DEGRADATION FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES USING DIGITAL X-RAYS

PICTURES -THREE DIMENSIONAL OBSERVATION ON THE CORROSION OF REINFORCING BAR IN

CONCRETE- ··············································································································································· 172

Kenta Koyasu, Yoshinori Kitsutaka and Koichi Matsuzawa

C/O /N/T/E/N/T/S

iv

New Materials and New Evaluation (Co-chairs: Yin-Wen Chan & Bong Seok Jang) Room Haegeum Hall A

EVALUATION OF CONCRETE PUMPABILITY BASED ON CONCRETE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND

FRICTIONAL RESISTANCE INSIDE PUMPING PIPE ··················································································· 178

Hyung-Rae Kim, Ho-Kyoo Jo and Kewn-Chu Lee

MICROSTRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF GEOPOLYMER BASED ON FLY ASH AND RED RESIDUE ·················· 186

Nguyen Thi Ut, Hoang Minh Tien and Pham Thi Suong

FLEXURAL PERFORMANCE OF STEEL FIBRE SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE BEAMS ·························· 194

Juli Asni Lamide and Roslli Noor Mohamed

STUDY ON THE HYDRATION HEAT OF MASS CONCRETE MIXED WITH UREA BY FEM ANALYSIS ········· 202

Park Chang Gun, Lee Han Seung, Mohamed Ismail and Choi Hyun Kuk

EFFECT OF A SMALL ADDITION OF HIGHLY EXPANDED SLAG ON VOLUME STABILITY OF CEMENT

MATRIX MATERIAL ··································································································································· 206

Wei Chien Wang, Chih Chien Liu and Chau Lee

AUTOGENOUS EXPANSION PREDICTION MODEL OF LIGHTLY BURNT MgO CONCRETE ····················· 209

Seul Woo Choi, Kwang Myong Lee and Bong Seok Jang

Service Life Extension through Maintenance and Repair (Co-chairs: Somnuk Tangtermsirikul & Sang Keun Oh)Room Haegeum Hall B

SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF RC BEAMS WITH RECYCLED CONCRETE AGGREGATES ······································ 213

Woosuk Kim, Thomas Kang and Yoon-Keun Kwak

DISCUSSION ABOUT ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR CONCRETE BRIDGES IN THE HOKURIKU

EXPRESSWAY ············································································································································ 217

Naohide Arima, Yuichi Ishikawa, Mamoru Moriyama and Shinichi Miyazato

MEASUREMENT OF STRESS OF TENDON USING VILLLARI EFFECT AND INDUCED MAGNETIC FIELD · 221

Changbin Joh, Jung Woo Lee and Imjong Kwahk

REINFORCED CONCRETE CATHODIC PROTECTION WITH EMBEDED DISTRIBUTED GALVANIC

ANODES ··················································································································································· 225

Liao Haixue

v

THE STANDARDIZATION OF THE GUIDELINES OF THE REPAIR MATERIALS FOR WATER-LEAKAGE

CRACKS IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE TEST METHODS ··············· 230

Wan Goo Park, Su Ryon Kim, Sung Min Choi and Sang Keun Oh

EVALUATION OF BUCKLING-BEHAVIOR OF UV-CURED FRP REPAIR-SHEET DUE TO NARROWING

CONCRETE CRACK WIDTH ······················································································································· 234

Masaki Kakizawa, Masaya Fujita, Kousuke Tanabe and Keitetsu Rokugo

Prestressed and Post-Tensioned Concrete Structures (Co-chairs: Kiang Hwee Tan & Soo-yeon Seo) Room Bipa Hall

DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE TEST FOR UNBONDED POST-TENSIONED ANCHOR ················· 238

Ah Sir Cho and Thomas Kang

PRECAST CONCRETE TOWER ASSEMBLED BY POST-TENSIONING WITH PRESTRESSING TENDONS

WRAPPED AROUND ································································································································· 242

Satoshi Kimura, Masanobu Sakashita and Minehiro Nishiyama

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF HOLLOWED PRECAST CONCRETE COLUMN ·········································· 248

Soo-yeon Seo, Seung-jun Lee and Kang-su Kim

EFFICIENCY IN SLAB ON PILE BRIDGE DESIGN OF VARIABLE SPAN LENGTH (A CASE STUDY OF BALI

MANDARA TOLL ROAD) ··························································································································· 252

Made Sukrawa

DEVELOPMENT OF SLAB-TYPE PRECAST MODULAR BRIDGE SUPERSTRUCTURE ································ 261

Jung Mi Lee, Sang Yoon Lee and Jae Joon Song

BEHAVIOR OF POST-TENSIONED CORNER SLAB-COLUMN CONNECTIONS ·········································· 265

Thomas Kang and Yu Huang

Parallel Session 2

Rheology and Chemical Evaluation (Chair: Ajoy Mullick) Room Gayageum Hall A

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STRENGTH AND HEAT EVOLUTION OF CONCRETE USING FLY ASH IN

THE SOUTHEAST ASIAN ENVIRONMENT ································································································· 272

Katsuhiko Tada, Joseph S. H. Lim, Logendran Doraipandian, Takayuki Hayakawa and Satoshi Tanaka

C/O /N/T/E/N/T/S

vi

MECHANICAL ACTIVATION OF FLY ASH FOR MAKING HIGH VOLUME FLY ASH CONCRETE ··············· 276

Antoni, Vindy Satrya and Djwantoro Hardjito

EFFECT OF FLYASH FINENESS ON RHEOLOGY OF BLENDED CEMENT PASTE ······································ 280

Maulik M. Panseriya, P.C. Mathur and A.K. Tiwari

SLAG - CFBC FLY ASH ECO-BINDER ········································································································· 286

Nguyen Tien Dung and Ta-Peng Chang

Construction Engineering of Concrete Structures (Chair: FX Supartono) Room Gayageum Hall B

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF STEEL FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE SEGMENTS ·························· 290

Gan Cheng Chian, Hiroshi Nemot and Hexiang Dong

DESIGN OF CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE USING ULTRA HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE ························· 298

Changsu Kim and Kyungsik Cho

CONSTRUCTION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE TRUE ARCH BRIDGE BEAMS YEH PENET RIVER, BALI · · 302

IN Sutarja and IMAK Salain

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF JOINTS FOR MODULAR ROAD SYSTEM ························································ 306

Sang Yoon Lee and Jae Joon Song

Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Co-chairs: Minehiro Nishiyama & Kang Su Kim) Room Daegeum Hall

INFLUENCE OF HOOKED END STEEL FIBER ON FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF FIBER REINFORCED

CONCRETE ················································································································································ 310

Kun Ni, Yunxing Shi, Yangang Zhang, Jingbin Shi and Wei Liu

IMPROVEMENT OF IMPACT-RESISTANCE OF STRUCTURES USING FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE ···· 314

Se-Jin Jeon and Byeong-Moo Jin

APPLICATION OF HIGHLY-FLOWABLE STRAIN HARDENING FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

(HF-SHFRC) IN COLUMNS ························································································································ 319

Wen-Cheng Liao

HYSTERESIS BEHAVIOUR OF EXTERIOR BEAM COLUMN JOINT WITH HIGH PERFORMANCE

FIBER REINFORCED CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITES ················································································· 324

R.Siva Chidambaram and Pankaj Agarwal

vii

FLEXURAL PROPERTIES AND IMPACT RESISTANCE PERFORMANCE OF AMORPHOUS STEEL FIBER

REINFORCED CONCRETE ·························································································································· 330

Hong Seop Kim, Gyu Yong Kim, Jung Hyun Kim and Sang Hyu Han

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR ON STEEL FIBER REINFORCED

HIGH-PERFORMANCE CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITES UNDER DIFFERENT EXPOSURE TEMPERATURE ·· 334

Suman Uprety, Ji Hyeon Oh, Seung Won Kim and Cheol Woo Park

Sustainable Use of Concrete (Co-chairs: Michael Henry & Dong-Uk Choi) Room Haegeum Hall A

MECHANICAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE/GREEN CONCRETE

IN UAE ······················································································································································· 338

Wisam Abdulkatib, Ahmed Ibrahim and Adil K. Al-Tamimi

INNOVATIVE DOUBLE-SKIN FAÇADE SYSTEM FOR SUSTAINABLE AND ENERGY-EFFICIENT BUILDINGS

IN THE TROPICS ········································································································································ 344

Rotana Hay and Claudia Ostertag

RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE AFTER YEARS OF DEVELOPMENT IN BUILDING AND CIVIL

ENGINEERING: APPROACH TO DURABILITY ASPECTS ············································································ 350

Carolina Sarmiento-Mantilla and Anna Sidorova

STUDY ON THE REGIONAL CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE CONCRETE IN JAPAN USING STATISTICAL

DATA ························································································································································· 356

Hayato Takahashi, Michael Henry and Takafumi Sugiyama

RECENT PROGRESS IN MODELLING CORROSION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES ············· 361

Hoang Minh Tien

FEEDBACK LOOPS: A NEW APPROACH TO IMPLEMENTING SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES IN THE

CONCRETE INDUSTRY ······························································································································ 369

Michael Henry

Analysis for Seismic, Blast or Special Loading (Co-chairs: Ya Duinkherjav & Joo Ha Lee) Room Haegeum Hall B

THE CALCULATION AND SIMULATION OF ECCENTRICALLY COMPRESSED COLUMN EXPOSED TO

FREEZE/THAW CYCLE ······························································································································· 375

Sugar M and Duinkherjav Ya

C/O /N/T/E/N/T/S

viii

LATERAL DISPLACEMENT OF COMPLEX-SHAPED TALL BUILDINGS CONSIDERING CONSTRUCTION

STAGES ····················································································································································· 379

Yungon Kim, Taeuk Ha and Byoungwook Moon

RESPONSE SPECTRUM REFLECTED IN CHARACTERISTICS OF EARTHQUAKE IN KOREA ······················ 384

So Young Lee, Hong Gun Park and Dong Kwan Kim

REVIEW OF METHODS PREDICTING OVERPRESSURE OF GAS EXPLOSION ··········································· 388

Suhyun Ree and Thomas Kang

THE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON MATERIAL PROPERTIES OF OVEN - DRIED MORTAR EXPOSED TO

FIRE ··························································································································································· 393

Onnicha Rongviriyapanich, Yasuhiko Sato and Withit Pansuk

STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF BLAST-RESISTANT CONCRETE CONNECTIONS ACCORDING TO

DIAGONAL REINFORCEMENT ·················································································································· 398

Kwang Mo Lim and Joo Ha Lee

Flexural and Axial Behavior of Concrete Structures (Co-chairs: Masanobu Sakashita & Chang Sik Choi) Room Bipa Hall

COMPRESSIVE MEMBRANE ACTION IN ONE-WAY RC SLABS ································································· 404

Akshay Venkateshwaran and Kiang Hwee Tan

TRANSMISSION OF 200MPA UHSC COLUMN LOADS THROUGH WEAKER SLABS ································ 409

Young Soo Yoon, Hyun Oh Shin, Woo Jin Lee and Seung Hoon Lee

PREDICTING THE STRENGTH GAIN FACTOR OF CONFINED REINFORCED HSC BEAMS ························ 415

Nuri Mohamed Elbasha

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE BEHAVIOR OF EXTERNAL PRESTRESSED UHPFRC BOX GIRDER ········ 421

DU Renyuan, HUANG Qingwei and CHEN Baochun

CRACK CONTROL EFFECT IN PRESS CONCRETE ACCORDING TO FIBER REINFORCEMENT ·················· 425

Min Jun Kim, Bum Sick Lee, Hyeong Gook Kim, Sang Woo Kim and Kil Hee Kim

EFFECTS OF LOAD PATTERNS ON CRACK WIDTHS PREDICTION ··························································· 430

Don Y.B. Ho

ix

Parallel Session 3

Newer Technologies in Simulation and Assessment (Chair: Koichi Maekawa) Room Gayageum Hall A

DEVELOPMENT OF 3D GENERATION SYSTEM FOR COARSE AGGREGATE WITH POLYHEDRON

SHAPE ······················································································································································· 435

Yong-Gil Kwon, Won-Bo Shim, Ki-Nam Hong and Sang-Hoon Han

LONG-TERM SERVICEABILITY AND DELAYED SHEAR FAILURE RISK ASSESSMENT OF

SHALLOW UNDERGROUND RC CULVERTS ····························································································· 439

X.Zhu, M. Kunieda, Y.Nakajima, S. Tanabe and K. Maekawa

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FAILURE OF BEAM COLUMN JOINT WITH COMPLEX REINFORCEMENT

ARRANGEMENT BY 3D DISCRETE MODEL ······························································································· 447

Liyanto Eddy and Kohei Nagai

EFFECT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND RECOVERY PERFORMANCE OF RECYCLED

CONCRETE BY MEANS OF SURFACE MODIFICATION TREATMENT METHOD OF LOW-QUALITY

CRUSHED COARSE AGGREGATE ·············································································································· 453

Heesup Choi, Ryoma Kitagaki, Takafumi Noguchi and Myungkwan Lim

Concrete Model Codes - Special Session (Chair: Jongsung Sim) Room Gayageum Hall B

MODEL CONCRETE DESIGN CODES - ACI 318-14 ··················································································· 456

James K. Wight

CODES FOR FUTURE CONCRETE STRUCTURES - FIB PERSPECTIVE - ······················································ 460

György L. Balázs

ASIAN CONCRETE MODEL CODE : OUTLINE AND EXAMPLES OF THAILAND’S LEVEL 3 DOCUMENTS · 470

Somnuk Tangtermsirikul, Chalermchai Wanichlamlert and Krittiya Kaewmanee

Reinforcement Corrosion and ASR (Co-chairs: Jang Jay Ho Kim & In-Seok Yoon) Room Daegeum Hall

EFFECT OF CONCRETE MIX PROPORTION AND MOISTURE CONDITION ON PERFORMANCE OF

DIFFERENT SACRIFICIAL ANODE TO PREVENT CORROSION OF REINFORCING STEEL ························· 478

Aris Mahasiripan, Pakawat Sancharoen and Somnuk Tangtermsirikul

C/O /N/T/E/N/T/S

x

CHLORIDE PENETRATION BEHAVIOUR IN CONCRETE SUBJECTED TO WATER PRESSURE ··················· 485

In-Seok Yoon

STEEL BAR CORROSION UNDER TWO-DIMENTIONAL CHLORIDE PENETRATION AND FREEZE-THAW

CYCLES ······················································································································································ 490

Katsufumi Hashimoto, Hiroshi Yokota, Yuta Johgasaki and Tomoyuki Taniguchi

STUDY FOR CHLORIDE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT OF REACTIVE POWDER CONCRETE BASED ON

ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK ··············································································································· 494

Tao Ji, Maoyuan Fu, Baochun Chen and Yongning Liang

MODEL TESTS TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF ASR ON THE SHEAR STRENGTH OF RC MEMBERS

AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POST-RUPTURE REPAIR ··········································································· 499

Yusuke TAKAGI, Takahiro FUKUSHIMA, Takuya OHATA, Koichi KOBAYASHI and Keitetsu ROKUGO

THE EFFECT ON CHLORIDE DIFFUSION FROM NON-STEADY-STATE ELECTRICALLY ACCELERATED

METHODS USING DIFFERENT MIX PROPORTION AND CURING CONDITIONS ······································ 503

Yoko HARASAWA, Shingo KURODA and Takeshi IYODA

Durability/Concrete Performance (Co-chairs: Kenji Kawai & Kil Hee Kim) Room Haegeum Hall A

INFLUNECE OF STEAM CRUING ON AUTOGENOUS SHRINKAGE AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF

ALKALI-ACTIVATED SLAG MORTAR ········································································································ 508

Sang Hyuk Oh and Kwang Myong Lee

USE OF FLY ASH AND BOTTOM ASH AS CO2 SORBENT MATERIALS AND A STUDY OF THEIR

ESSENTIAL PROPERTIES ··························································································································· 512

Parnthep Julnipitawong, Chaichan Siriruang, Pisanu Toochinda and Somnuk Tangtermsirikul

HIGH-STRSS LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE TESTS OF CONCRETE CYLINDERS ·················································· 520

Mitsuya Mori, Masanobu Sakashita, Minehiro Nishiyama and Yoko Sugita

PREDICTION ON PIPE FLOW OF PUMPED CONCRETE ············································································ 525

Myoung Sung Choi, Chiara F. Ferraris, Young Jin Kim and Jin Keun Kim

EFFECT OF ALKALI ACTIVATOR ON POZZOLANIC REACTION OF FLY ASH CEMENT PASTE ················· 530

Phuong Trinh Bui, Yuhei Ito, Yuko Ogawa and Kenji Kawai

OPTIMIZED MIX PROPORTION OF MAGNESIUM OXIDE CERAMIC CEMENT ········································· 535

Hyeongi Lee, Jiyong Jung, Eunkyung Kim, Yongjae Kim, Ki Yong Ann and Jongsung Sim

xi

Fibrous Concrete and Use of FRP for Strengthening and Retrofitting (Co-chairs: Thomas Kang & Woosuk Kim)Room Haegeum Hall B

THE FIELD SURVEY ON ACTUAL SITUATION OF ASR-AFFECTED TUNNELS AND ITS

COUNTERMEASURES IN HOKURIKU DISTRICT, JAPAN ··········································································· 540

Masahiro Asada and Kazuyuki Torii

DUCTILITY IMPROVEMENT OF NON-DUCTILE RC COLUMNS USING STEEL FIBER

REINFORCED CONCRETE (SFRC) ·············································································································· 548

Kittipoom Rodsin, Manote Sappakittipakorn and Piti Sukontasukkul

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COCONUT FIBER-REINFORCED CONCRETE ·········································· 553

IMAK Salain, IN Sutarja, NMA Wiryasa and IM Jaya

FRP STRENGTHENING OF TIE MEMBERS ································································································· 557

Yu Jie Zhao and Kiang Hwee Tan

USE OF DUCTLE FIBERS FOR FLEXURAL STRENGTHENING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE

BEAMS ······················································································································································ 563

Sorrasak Vachirapanyakun, Min Su Jo and Dong-Uk Choi

BEHAVIOR OF SQUARE AND CIRCULAR HEAT DAMAGED REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMN

STRENGTHENED WITH DIFFERENT COMPOSITES TESTED UNDER AXIAL COMPRESSION ··················· 570

A. B. Danie Roy, U. K. Sharma and P. Bhargava

Earthquake-Resistant Concrete Systems and Elements (Co-chairs: Gordon Clark & Tae-Sung Eom) Room Bipa Hall

DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMLITUDE LAW CONSIDERING CONCRETE STRAIN DISTORTION FOR DYNAMIC

ANALYSIS OF AN RC COLUMN ················································································································· 577

Jamin Park and Jae-Yeol Cho

CALCULATION OF LATERAL LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY OF EXISTING PARTIALLY GROUTED

CONCRETE MASONRY BUILDINGS ·········································································································· 581

Masayuki Kuroki, Kenji Kikuchi and Yuta Eto

BEHAVIOR OF PARTIALLY-PRESTRESSED CONCRETE EXTERIOR BEAM-COLUMN JOINTS FOR

HIGHLY-SEISMIC ZONES ·························································································································· 589

M. D. Astawa, Tavio and I G. P. Raka

C/O /N/T/E/N/T/S

xii

RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS OF TYPICAL TSUNAMI EVAULATION BUILDINGS FOR

TSUNAMI LOAD AND IMPULSIVE FORCE OF TSUNAMI DRIFTING OBJECTS ········································· 595

Ho Choi and Yoshiaki Nakano

A MODEL OF CONFINEMENT EFFECT ON STRESS-STRAIN RELATION OF REINFORCED

CONCRETE COLUMNS CONFINED WITH WELDED WIRE FABRIC ··························································· 599

Tavio and B. Kusuma

EXPERIMENTAL BEHAVIOR OF RC COLUMNS EXTERNALLY CONFINED BY STEEL COLLARS

SUBJECTED TO AXIAL COMPRESSION ····································································································· 606

Tavio, P. Pudjisuryadi and P. Suprobo

Parallel Session 4

Binders and Lightweight Concrete (Co-chairs: Piti Sukontasukkul & Seongwon Hong) Room Gayageum Hall A

A COMPARISON ON THE ROLES OF PLASTICIZERS IN THE RHEOLOGY AND HYDRATION OF

BLENDED CEMENTS ································································································································· 614

Serina Ng and Harald Justnes

STRENGTH OF AN ALL-LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE REINFORCED WITH SHORT FIBERS ························ 619

Jisun Choi, Goangseup Zi, Shinichi Hino and Kohei Yamaguchi

INFLUENCE OF LIME CONTENT OF LOW CALCIUM FLY ASH AND CURING CONDITION ON

STRENGTH OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE ······························································································· 623

Anh Tuan Le, Van Chanh Nguyen and Hyugmoon Kwon

MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CONCRETE USING CARBON CAPTURING-ACTIVATED

BLAST-FURNACE SLAG ····························································································································· 628

Hyun Myung Cho, Seung Won Kim and Cheol Woo Park

THE UTILIZATION OF SIDOARJO MUD AS LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE MATERIAL USING KENAF

FIBER ························································································································································· 633

Lutfi Manfaluthy, Januarti Jaya Ekaputri and Triwulan

RHEOLOGY OF PLASTICIZED CEMENT PASTE WITH FILLERS ································································· 637

Harald Justnes

xiii

Impact and Fire Effects on Concrete Members (Chair: Y. Xiao) Room Gayageum Hall B

FIRE RESISTANCE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMES ········································································ 641

Mohammad Mahdi Raouf-fard, Masanobu Sakashita and Minehiro Nishiyama

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FAILURE DAMAGE ON BI-DIRECTIONALLY PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

PANEL UNDER IMPACT-FIRE COMBINED LOADING ··············································································· 649

Sang-Won Lee, Kang-Won Lee, Jun-Hwi Kim and Jang Jay Ho Kim

SIMPLIFICATION MODEL BASED ON FINITE ELEMENT PROGRAM TO ANALYZE BEHAVIOUR OF

REINFORCED CONCRETE ONE WAY SLABS EXPOSED TO FIRE ······························································· 656

Wahyuniarsih Sutrisno and Endah Wahyuni

EFFECTS OF STEEL FIBERS AND REINFORCEMENT LAYOUTS ON IMPACT RESISTANCES OF TWO-WAY

PANELS ····················································································································································· 662

Ki Yeon Kwon, Dae Sung Jang, Jin Young Lee and Young Soo Yoon

Concrete Performance Enhancement (Co-chairs: Mark Alexander & Kwang Myoung Lee) Room Daegeum Hall

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ENGINEERED CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITE EXPERIENCED WITH

DIFFERENT HEATING TEMPERATURES AND DURATIONS ······································································ 668

Ke-Quan YU, Jian-Guo DAI and Zhou-Dao LU

EVALUATION OF CONCRETE CRACK CONTROL INSERT FOR DRYING SHRINKAGE ······························· 676

Min Soo Kim and Sung Gul Hong

DEVELOPMENT OF LONG-TERM ASR-EXPANSIVE SHCC AND CHEMICAL PRESTRESS CAUSED BY

RESTRAINING ITS EXPANSION USING REBARS ······················································································· 681

Takumi Kojima, Kousuke Tanabe, Yousuke Onda, Hiroo Takada and Keitetsu Rokugo

EFFECT OF WASTE GLASS POWDER ON CONCRETE PAVEMENT ··························································· 685

Hyeongi Lee, Jiyong Jung, Hongseob Oh, Goangseup Zi, Jaewon Sim and Jongsung Sim

ON THE EVALUATION OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE THROUGH INDIRECT TENSILE AND

BENDING TESTS ········································································································································ 690

Carolina Sarmiento-Mantilla and Anna Sidorova

ANALYTICAL STUDY ON THERMAL CRACK WITH CONCRETE STRUCTURE ··········································· 696

Toshiharu Nakatani and Takahiro Tamura

C/O /N/T/E/N/T/S

xiv

Pavement and Construction Engineering (Co-chairs: Koji Sakai & Young-Sook Roh) Room Haegeum Hall A

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PERMEABILITY TEST METHOD FOR PERVIOUS CONCRETE ················· 702

Han Sol Cho, Oan Chul Choi and Tae Hyup Song

THE EFFECT OF DESIGN CHANGES IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS ························································ 706

Agung Yana

PROPERTIES OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE AND ITS PAVING CONSTRUCTION ··········································· 710

Yunxing Shi, Pengcheng Sun, Jingbin Shi, Yangang Zhang and Tao Zhang

HYDRATION HEAT CONTROL OF MASS CONCRETE BY VERTICAL PIPE COOLING METHOD ················ 716

Tae Seok Seo, Chang Keun Lim and Yun Gu Cho

TEST STUDY ON MANHOLE COVERS USING ULTRA-HIGH PERFORMANCE FIBRE REINFORCED

CONCRETE (UHPFRC) ······························································································································· 720

SHEN Xiujiang, ZHANG Huibin, HUANG Qingwei and CHEN Baochun

A METHOD TO INCREASE THE LATERAL CAPACITY OF PILES ································································ 729

Kh. Adeel Tariq and Takeshi Maki

Use of FRP and Seismic Repair (Co-chairs: Wen-Cheng Liao & Cheol Woo Park) Room Haegeum Hall B

REMAINING FATIGUE LIFE ASSESSMENT OF RC SLABS STRENGTHENED BY STEEL PLATES WITH

IMPERFECT BOND ···································································································································· 737

Yoshisato Hiratsuka and Koichi Maekawa

SHEAR BEHAVIOUR OF EXTERNALLY CONFINED RC BEAMS USING CFRP WITH END

ANCHORAGE ············································································································································ 745

Franklin F.R Frederick, U.K. Sharma and V.K. Gupta

BONDING PROPERTIES OF CFRP STRAND SHEET AND CONCRETE WITH VARIOUS TYPES OF

ADHESIVE ················································································································································· 750

Rifadli BAHSUAN, Kohei YAMAGUCHI and Shinichi HINO

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SEISMIC BEHAVIORS OF RC COLUMNS STRENGTHENED WITH

SPLIT REBAR AND SPRAYED MORTAR ····································································································· 758

Satoshi Maehara, Ryota Kasakura, Hirokazu Kitazawa, Toshiyuki Kuroiwa, Kenji Hayakawa and Masanori Ito

xv

EVALUATION OF SHEAR RETROFITTING EFFECT FOR END-JACKETED RC SQUAT WALL DEPENDING

ON THE ARRANGEMENT OF DOWEL BARS ····························································································· 762

Yousun Yi and Sung-gul Hong

STRENGTHENING EFFECT OF INTERNAL PBO FIBER MESHES ON SHEAR CAPACITIES OF

REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS ············································································································· 769

Sirapong Suwanpanjasil, Koji Matsumoto and Junichiro Niwa

Precast/Prestressed Concrete Systems and Components (Co-chairs: James Wight & Sok-Hwan Choi) Room Bipa Hall

APPLICATION OF COMBINED PRECAST AND POST-TENSIONED CONCRETE SYSTEMS FOR PARKING

STRUCTURES ············································································································································ 773

Ju Dong Lee, Jang Keun Yoon and Thomas Kang

ELASTOPLASTIC ANALYSIS OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BEAMS AND FRAMES BY THE FIBERED

PLASTIC HINGE MODEL ··························································································································· 777

Masaru Shimazu and Minoru Shugyo

FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF SPLICED HOLED-WEB PRESTRESSED CONCRETE GIRDERS ·························· 783

Man-Yop Han, Sok-Hwan Choi and Sung-Bo Kim

PLASTIC HINGE RELOCATION METHODS FOR EMULATIVE PC BEAM-COLUMN CONNECTION ············· 787

Tae-Sung Eom, Hong-Gun Park, Hyeon-Jong Hwang, Su-Min Kang and Lan Chung

SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF PRECAST CONCRETE MULTI-STORY STRUCTURAL WALL FRAMES

POST-TENSIONED BY UNBONDED TENDONS ························································································· 791

Yosuke Sato, Yukihiro Onishi, Masanobu Sakashita and Minehiro Nishiyama

A PROPOSAL OF SEGMENTAL PRECAST CONCRETE ARCH BRIDGE ······················································ 798

Kihong Lee, Chulhun Chung, Sanghoon Joo, Dongchan Choi, Jongyun Lee and Jongsung Sim

Parallel Session 5

Thermal Effect and Cracking (Co-chairs: Thanh Le & Se-Jin Jeon) Room Gayageum Hall A

AN EXPEREMENTAL STUDY FOR ENAHNCING THERMAL INSULATION PERFORMANCE OF

CONCRETE ················································································································································ 804

Hyun Kyu Jeon, Kwang Soo Youm and Young Shin Park

C/O /N/T/E/N/T/S

xvi

THERMAL STRESSES AND DEFORMATIONS IN CONCRETE BLOCKS WHERE CREEP OCCURS ·············· 808

Bui Van Hong Linh and Nguyen Van Chanh

EFFECT OF THE CURING TEMPERATURE AND HYSTERESIS OF HEAT CURING ON THE STRENGTH OF

ULTRA-HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE ······························································································· 816

Soo Hyung Chung, Sung Hoon Kang and Sung Gul Hong

WORKABILITY AND MOCKUP FIELD APPLICATION OF SELF-CONSOLIDATING CONCRETE USED IN

BRIDGE CONNECTION ······························································································································ 821

Qi Cao and Kamal H. Khayat

STUDY ON FREE AND RESTRAINED SHRINKAGE OF STEEL CHIP REINFORCED CEMENTITIOUS

COMPOSITE ·············································································································································· 827

Sunhee Hong, Shinya Kimura, Yuichi Sato and Yoshio Kaneko

LESSONS LEARNED FROM CRACKING LARGE CONCRETE STRUCTURES IN VIETNAM ·························· 834

Thanh Le and Hung Le

DURABILITY OF HARDENER-FREE EPOXY-MODIFIED MORTARS USING BISPHENOL F-TYPE EPOXY

RESIN ························································································································································· 839

Wan Ki Kim and Seong Min Ham

PERMEABILITY OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE CONCRETE AFTER EXPOSURE TO FIRE ································· 844

Kiyonobu KAWABE, Mitsuo OZAWA and Yuki SAKOI

Recent Issues of Structural Concrete and Related Materials (Chair: Sashi Kunnath) Room Gayageum Hall B

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON FRICTION AND ABRASION OF GFRP SLIP FORM ········································ 848

Kihong Lee, Eunkyung Kim, Hyunjoong Kim, Wonjong Chin and Jongsung Sim

ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS FOR PREDICTING CREEP

OF CONCRETE ··········································································································································· 852

Lyes Bal and François Buyle-Bodin

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF TOP-SEAT FLANGE-CLEAT BEAM-TO-COLUMN CONNECTION WITH

DOUBLE CHANNEL COLD-FORMED STEEL SECTIONS ············································································ 861

Tan Boon-Kai, Shek Poi-Ngian, Tan Cher-Siang and Ahmad Kueh Beng-Hong

STRESS-STRAIN BEHAVIOR MODEL FOR CONCRETE CONFINED BY SPIRAL ········································· 867

Young Seek Kim, Hyeong Gook Kim, Jae Man Lee, Chan Yu Jeong, Sang Woo Kim and Kil Hee Kim

xvii

THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF KENAF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE WITH DIFFERENT FIBER

CONTENT AND FIBER LENGTH ················································································································· 871

Lam Tian Fook and Jamaludin Mohamad Yatim

ACCURATE FAULT TREE ANALYSIS ON GPGPU ARCHITECTURE ···························································· 881

Marco Torbol

Degradation Processes (Co-chairs: Harald Justnes & H. K. Lee) Room Daegeum Hall

DIAGNOSIS OF ASR PRODUCT AND ITS CHEMICAL STRUCTURES ························································ 887

Lalita Baingam, Toyoharu Nawa and Tomotaka Awamura

THE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE DURABILITY OF STEAM CURED SLAG CONCRETE UNDER

COMPOUND IMPACTS OF FREEZING-THAWING AND DEICER ······························································· 893

Tae Suk Seo, Youn Su Jung and Jun Hyung Kim

STUDY ON DURABILITY OF LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE BY USING CHLORIDE MIGRATION TEST ············ 898

Shih Wei Cho and Chung Chia Yang

DURABILITY OF CONCRETE USING FINE SAND OF NAKDONG-RIVER ···························································· 905

Soon Oh Kwon, Su Ho Bae, Hyun Jin Lee and Seung Han Lee

DURABILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF SULFUR CONCRETE WITH FLY ASH IN AGGRESSIVE CHEMICAL

ENVIRONMENTS ······································································································································· 910

Seongwoo Gwon and Myoungsu Shin

INFLUENCE OF CURING ON FREEZE-THAW RESISTANCE OF CONCRETE AND INVESTIGATION OF

EVALUATION METHOD OF FREEZE-THAW RESISTANCE ········································································ 914

Susumu Yoshida, Hisatoshi Shimada and Akinori Shimata

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE CHANGE IN CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF ADMIXTURE MIXED

CEMENT PASTE EXPOSED TO ELEVATED TEMPERATURES FOR FIRE DIAGNOSIS OF RC STRUCTURES · 921

Ji Yeon Ha and Han Seung Lee

Micro-structural Characteristics (Co-chairs: Subhajit Saraswati & Jin-Man Kim) Room Haegeum Hall A

EFFECTS OF MINERAL ADMIXTURES ON STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF CONCRETE MIXED WITH

SEAWATER ················································································································································ 925

Adiwijaya, Hidenori Hamada, Yasutaka Sagawa and Daisuke Yamamoto

C/O /N/T/E/N/T/S

xviii

DURABILITY OF REACTIVE POWDER CONCRETE IN SEA WATER AND FREEZE-THAW CYCLES

ENVIRONMENT ········································································································································· 931

Ming Zhe An, Hua Wang, Meng Zhu, Yue Wang, Song Han and Zi Ruo Yu

THE MEASUREMENT OF ION DIFFUSIVITY OF CESIUM AND SODIUM IODIDE THROUGH CEMENT

PASTES FROM RADIOACTIVE WASTE MATERIAL ···················································································· 940

Irfan Prasetia, Hiroaki Yamato and Kazuyuki Torii

STRENGTH AND MICROSTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-STRENGTH HIGH-VOLUME SLAG

BLENDED CEMENT MORTARS WITH LIMESTONE POWDER AND SILICA FUME ····································· 944

Ji-Yong Jeong, Seung Yup Jang, Young-Cheol Choi, Sang-Hwa Jung and Sung-Il Kim

A STUDY ON BASIC PROPERTIES OF MORTAR MADE WITH WET FLY ASH ············································ 949

Warangkana Saengsoy, Thuy Bich Thi Nguyen and Somnuk Tangtermsirikul

STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF CEMENT EXTRUDING PRODUCT WITH WATER-QUENCHED Si-Mn SLAG

POWDER ··················································································································································· 956

Jae Seong Yu, Hong Bum Choi, Myeong Jing Lee, Duck Jin Choi and Jin Man Kim

CROSS CORRELATION BASED SYNTHETIC APERTURE FOCUSING TECHNIQUE APPLIED TO IMAGING

OF REBARS IN CEMENT MORTAR ············································································································ 962

Surendra Beniwal and Abhijit Ganguli

INTERLAMINAR SHEAR PROPERTIES OF GEOPOLYMER ········································································· 967

Fongchan Jirasit, Smith Songpiriyakij and Piti Sakontasukkul

Various Aspects of Concrete Structures (Co-chairs: Ekasit Limsuwan & Geonho Hong) Room Haegeum Hall B

INVESTIGATION ON APPLICABILITY OF HIGH STRENGTH STRAND FOR PRETENSIONED

PRESTRESSED CONCRETE MEMBERS ······································································································ 971

Ho Park, Eu-Jeong Choi and Jae-Yeol Cho

FLEXURAL PERFORMANCE OF STEEL DECK SLAB SYSTEM WITH STEEL FIBER REINFORCED

CONCRETE ················································································································································ 975

Geonho Hong

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON INFLUENCE OF CRACKS ON TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTIONS

WITHIN MORTAR PRISMS ························································································································· 978

Ayano Amikura, Mohammad M. Raouf-fard, Masanobu Sakashita and Minehiro Nishiyama

xix

STIFFNESS MODIFICATION FACTOR FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE FLAT PLATES WITH STEPS ··········· 983

Sanghee Kim, Thomas Kang and Hong-Gun Park

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BEHAVIOR OF COMPRESSION-CONTROLLED CIRCULAR HOLLOW

RC PIER ······················································································································································ 987

Ho-Young Kim, Jae-Hoon Lee, Jin-ho Choi, Ki-Su Park, Ho-Hyung Choi and Im-Jong Kwahk

DESIGN OF BEAM-COLUMN KNEE JOINTS WITH HEADED BARS ··························································· 993

Byung Un Kwon and Thomas Kang

BASIC CONSIDERATION ON HOW EFFECTIVE INSUFFICIENT FILLING DETERIOTATES REPAIRED

CRACKED CONCRETE IN FROST DAMAGE ······························································································· 998

Norihiro Mihara, Isao Naito and Akinori Shimata

SHEAR STRENGTH OF PRESTRESSED PC-CIP COMPOSITE BEAMS WITH VERTICAL SHEAR

REINFORCMENT ····································································································································· 1005

Jung Il Suh, Chul Goo Kim, Hong Gun Park, Geon Ho Hong and Su Min Kang

Unique Structural Concrete Design and Analysis (Co-chairs: Hiroshi Yokota & Hong-Gun Park) Room Bipa Hall

PUNCHING SHEAR DESIGN METHOD OF KCI 2012 ··············································································· 1012

Kyoung-Kyu Choi and Hong-Gun Park

EFFECT OF DAM HEIGHT AND FOUNDATION MODULUS ON STRESSES AND DEFORMATIONS IN THE

CONCRETE DAM FOUNDATION SYSTEM ····························································································· 1017

N.P. Honkanadavar, Nripendra Kumar and Murari Ratnam

FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF A VOID FLAT SLAB ······················································································· 1021

Y.S. Roh, Lan Chung, Seung-Ho Cho, In-Kwan Paik and Inkyu Rhee

USING EVOLUTIONARY STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION AND LOAD PATHS METHOD IN FINDING

THE STRUT-AND-TIE MODELS (STM) FOR DESIGNING REINFORCED CONCRETE MEMBER ················ 1025

Harianto Hardjasaputra

EVALUATION OF LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY OF RC BEAMS WITH LOCALLY CORRODED SHEAR

REINFORCEMENT ··································································································································· 1031

Rahmat Ullah, Hiroshi Yokota, Katsufumi Hashimoto and Shunichiro Goto

NUMERICAL APPROACH OF EFFECT OF TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT FOR HEADED BARS WITH

LARGE DIAMETER IN TTC NODE ············································································································ 1039

Kyoung Joo Kim, Hyung Suk Jung and Chang Sik Choi

C/O /N/T/E/N/T/S

xx

RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF PRECAST SYSTEMS FOR BUILDING WITH

CONNECTION USING UNBONDED POST-TENSION AND LOCAL DISSIPATER DEVICE ······················· 1043

Hari Nugraha Nurjaman, Gambiro Suprapto, Mukhlis Sunarso, Barra Hananta Sutan, Lutfi Faisal,

HR Sidjabat, Riyanto Rivki, Yesualdus Put and Binsar H. Hariandja

Parallel Session 6

Geopolymer and Reuse/Recycling of Byproducts and Wastes (Chair: Keun Joo Byun) Room Gayageum Hall A

CLINKER-FREE CONCRETE UTILIZING RECYCLE CEMENT PRODUCED FROM WASTED FRESH

READY-MIXED CONCRETE ····················································································································· 1048

Tetsushi Kanda, Haruki Momose, Ken Okawa, Shinichi Aok and Tetsurou Kasai

LIGHT WEIGHT GEOPOLYMER PASTE MADE WITH SIDOARJO MUD ··················································· 1053

Januarti Jaya Ekaputri, Triwulan and Tri Eddy Susanto

FACTORS AFFECTING THE STRENGTH OF FLY-ASH BASED GEOPOLYMER ········································· 1058

Young Keun Cho, Gyu Don Moon, Sang Hwa Jung and Kwang Myong Lee

A REVIEW ON THE FEASIBILITY OF FIBER-REINFORCED GEOPOLYMER MORTARS (FRGM) FOR

REHABILITATING CONCRETE STRUCTURES ·························································································· 1062

Hammad R. Khalid, S. K. Ha, G. M. Kim, N. K. Lee and H. K. Lee

Concrete-Steel Composite and Hybrid Structures (Co-chairs: Vijaykumar Kulkarni & Jae-Yeol Cho) Room Gayageum Hall B

LOAD BEARING BEHAVIOR OF FILIGREE COMPOSITE BEAMS WITH INTEGRATED WEB OPENINGS ·· 1067

Michael Wolbring, Christian Kohlmeyer and Jürgen Schnell

AXIAL LOAD TEST OF RECTANGULAR CFT COLUMNS USING HIGH-STRENGTH STEEL AND SLENDER

SECTION ·················································································································································· 1071

Ho Jun Lee, Hong Gun Park and In Rak Choi

PARAMETRIC STUDY OF JOINT IN HYBRID BRIDGE COMBINED PSC BEAM WITH STEEL BEAM ············ 1075

Bongsik Park, Yong Jae Yu and Jae-Yeol Cho

PURE BENDING CHARACTERISTICS OF CONCRETE FILLED ELLIPTICAL STEEL TUBULAR MEMBERS · 1079

Kojiro Uenaka and Hisao Tsunokake

xxi

A STUDY ON THE COMPRESSIVE BEHAVIOR OF INFILLED CONCRETE ON STEEL PILE AND

PHC PILE ················································································································································· 1085

Sang Pyo Jeon, Moon Seok Nam, Yong Seok Park, Yong Jae Kim and Cheol Woo Park

STUDY ON CFST GIRDER WITH CORRUGATED WEBS AND ITS APPLICATION IN A PEDESTRAIN

BRIDGE ···················································································································································· 1089

Jing Gao and Jiayan Lei

Field Testing and Durability (Co-chairs: Takuya Hasegawa & Tae-Song Ahn) Room Daegeum Hall

THE SUPPRESSING EFFECT OF FLYASHES ON ALKALI-SILICA REACTION OF RC SPECIMENS

EXPOSED ON SEASHORE ······················································································································· 1093

Chikao Sannoh and Kazuyuki Torii

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND CARBONATION RESISTANCE OF WATER-SOLUBLE SULFUR

CONCRETE ·············································································································································· 1097

Se-Young Ji, Ki-Nam Hong, Yong-Gil Kyun and Sang-Hoon Han

REINFORCEMENT CORROSION AND MITIGATION OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES IN MARINE

ENVIRONMENT ······································································································································· 1101

Nguyen Van Chanh and Nguyen Thi Thanh Huong

ACCELERATED AND OUTDOOR DURABILITY TESTING OF CONCRETE WITH SUPPLEMENTARY

CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS ·················································································································· 1106

Eisuke Nakamura, Tsuyoshi Ishii and Hiroshi Watanabe

STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF BENDING CRACK ON CORROSION OF REBARS IN FLY ASH CONCRETE · 1111

Idrees Zafar and Takafumi Sugiyama

THE EFFECT OF CEMENT QUANTITY AND FIBER TYPE ON THE REINFORCEMENT CORROSION

RESISTING PERFORMANCE OF SHCC ···································································································· 1114

Masato Suzuki, Le Ahn Dung, Keitetsu Rokugo and Koichi Kobayashi

Aggregates and Additives (Co-chairs: Takufumi Noguchi & Seung Yup Jang) Room Haegeum Hall A

MODULUS OF RUPTURE OF CONCRETE MADE WITH RECYCLED BRICK AGGREGATE ······················· 1118

Tarek Uddin Mohammed and Ariful Hasnat

C/O /N/T/E/N/T/S

xxii

ENHANCEMENT OF AGGREGATE-RELATED CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE

WITH RECYCLED AGGREGATE ··············································································································· 1124

A. K. Mullick and V. S. Babu

CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER-RETENTIVE INTERLOCKING CONCRETE BLOCK MIXED WITH

VOLCANIC ASHES OF TWO VOLCANOS ERUPTED IN SOUTHERN KYUSHU, JAPAN ··························· 1131

Yoshiharu Hosokawa

METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LOW-GRADE RECYCLED AGGREGATE ························· 1137

Takahiro KAMEYAMA, Nobuhiro MATSUDA and Takeshi IYODA

RECYCLED CORK AGGREGATE FOR CONCRETE ···················································································· 1142

Salem MERABTI and Said KENAI

HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE APPLICATION USING RECYCLED AGGREGATE AND SYNTHETIC

MACRO FIBRE ········································································································································· 1150

Ajibola Tijani, Jian Yang and Samir Dirar

Repair and Strengthening (Co-chairs: Taketo Uomoto & Oan Chul Choi) Room Haegeum Hall B

STUDY ON THE FILLING ABILITY OF CRACK INJECTION INTO CONCRETE IN A COLD SNOWY

REGION ··················································································································································· 1157

Isao Naitoh, Akinori Shimata and Norihiro Mihara

STRENGTHENING OF CONCRETE BEAMS USING EXTERNAL POST-TENSIONING AND THEIR

MOMENT CAPACITIES ···························································································································· 1163

Swoo-Heon Lee, Thomas Kang and Kyung-Jae Shin

CRACKING CLOSING OF CONCRTE BEAMS USING SMA FIBERS ··························································· 1168

Eunsoo Choi, Young-Soo Chung, Dongjoo Kim and Chungsung Jung

SHEARING CAPACITY FOR RC BEAM WITH HAUNCH RETROFITTED BY CFRP GRID SPRAYING PCM

SHOTCRETE ············································································································································ 1172

Rui GUO, Kohei YAMAGUCHI, Shinichi HINO and Nobuhiro MIYANO

A STUDY ON BOND STRENGTH OF NEW HYBRID REBAR WITH OUTER SURFACE REINFORCED

WITH GFRP ·············································································································································· 1180

Sang Min Shin, Seung Won Kim, Minkwan Ju, Gi Tae Park, Sang Yun Lee and Cheolwoo Park

xxiii

Seismic Analysis and Experiments of Reinforced Concrete Buildings (Co-chairs: Yuri Totoev & Myoungsu Shin)Room Bipa Hall

SEISMIC EVALUATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE AND MASONRY BUILDINGS BUILT UNDER

CURRENT BULGARIAN CONSTRUCTION PRACTICE ·············································································· 1184

Adriana Taskova, Jordan Milev and Thomas Kang

SEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF RC FRAME STRUCTURES WITH FEW STEEL BRACES ······································· 1191

Yang Xin, Zhao Zuozhou and He Xiaogang

EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDIES FOR RC WALLS WITH SLIT-DAMPER ······························ 1198

Hwang Sun Woo and Park Hong Gun

DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYTICAL MODELING FOR STRUCTURAL WALLS WITH OPENINGS BY LINE

ELEMENTS ·············································································································································· 1206

Takuya Wakita, Junya Yoshimura, Masanobu Sakashita and Minehiro Nishiyama

NON-LINEAR STATIC ANALYSIS OF MULTI-STOREY RC FRAME WITH SIM INFILL PANELS ················· 1214

Yuri Totoev and Zhiyu Wang

SEISMIC RESISTANCE OF MEGA COLUMNS WITH VARIOUS U-TYPE TIES ··········································· 1219

Ju Ok Noh and Hong Gun Park

Parallel Session 7

Application of High Technologies for Concrete Structures (Chair: György L.Balázs) Room Gayageum Hall B

TRIAL-DESIGN RESEARCH ON ULTRA-HIGH PERFORMANCE FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

(UHPFRC) PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE ············································································································· 1226

Qingwei Huang, Xiujiang Shen, Wenjin Huang and Baochun Chen

EVALUATION ON CONCRETE MODULE CONNECTION USING MICRO-SILICA MIXED AQUA-EPOXY · · 1233

Jinwon Choi, Tae Kyun Kim, Young Joon Yoo and Jang Jay Ho Kim

PRELIMINARY OF LIFE CASUALTIES ESTIMATIONS FOR SEISMIC VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT IN

KUNDASANG, SABAH, MALAYSIA ········································································································ 1243

M. Ghafar, N. Ramly, M. Alel and A. Adnan

HIGH TEMPERATURE BEHAIVOR OF CFT STUB COLUMN ····································································· 1250

Gyeong Cheol Choe, GyuYong Kim, Min Ho Yoon Young and Wook Lee

C/O /N/T/E/N/T/S

xxiv

Service Life and Durability (Co-chairs: Etsuo Sakai & Kwon, Seung-Jun) Room Daegeum Hall

A STUDY ON THE PORE STRUCTURE OF CONCRETE WITH RESPECT TO LINEAR PORE SYSTEM ········ 1254

Sung In Hong, Jun Pil Hwang, Jung Young Hee and Ki Yong Ann

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AND HYDRATION OF THE CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL BASED ON

TERNARY SYSTEM ·································································································································· 1259

Hirokatsu Mori, Daiki Atarashi, Masahiro Miyauchi and Etsuo Sakai

STUDY ON CARBONATION MECHANISM IN DIFFERENT CONCENTRATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE · · · 1263

Takeshi Iyoda and Eri Toyomura

HYDRATION AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF BLENDED CEMENT WITH HIGH ALITE CLINKER ················ 1269

Norarrat Siribudhaiwan, Daiki Atarashi, Masashi Shinsugi, Nobukazu Nito, Masahiro Miyauchi,

Kiyoshi Koibuchi and Etsuo Sakai

CHEMO-HYGRAL MODELING AND STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOURS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE

DAMAGED BY ALKALI SILICA REACTION ······························································································ 1274

Yuya Takahashi, Koki Shibata and Koichi Maekawa

Recycled Aggregates from Industrial Waste (Co-chairs: Ta-Peng Chang & Myung Kwan Lim) Room Haegeum Hall A

EVALUATION OF VOLUME STABILITY OF MORTAR USING RAPIDLY COOLED STEEL MAKING SLAG AS

AGGREGATE FOR CONCRETE ················································································································· 1282

Ha-Na Lee, Jin-Man Kim, Sun-Mi Choi, Mao Li and Jae-Seong Yu

EFFECT OF POROUS CERAMIC WASTE AGGREGATE ON PROPERTIES OF STEAM CURED FLY ASH

CONCRETE ·············································································································································· 1287

Yusuke Muraghishi, Yuko Ogawa, Kenji Kawai and Ryoichi Sato

A STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PHC PILE USING BLAST FURNACE AIR-COOLED SLAG AS

COARSE AGGREGATE ····························································································································· 1292

Seung Il Kim, Yong Kyu Park, Hyun Woo Kim, Hyun Seung Ryu, Ki Won Yoon and Kab Soo Hur

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OXIDE CONTENT AND ABSOLUTE SPECIFIC DENSITY ACCORDING

TO PARTICLE SIZE OF RAPIDLY COOLED EAF OXIDATION SLAG ························································· 1297

Mao Li, Sun Mi Choi, Ha Na Lee, Jung Soo Sun and Jin Man Kim

xxv

PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE MIXED WITH PARAFFIN IMPREGNATED AGGREGATES FROM

ALUMINUM WASTE ································································································································ 1303

Piti Sukontasukkul, Ekkachai Intawong, Manote Suppakittipakorn and Prinya Chindaprasert

A STUDY ON THE STRENGTH PROPERTY OF CONCRETE USING WASTE CLAY BRICKS AS COARSE

AGGREGATE ··········································································································································· 1308

Young-Su Kim

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Seung Jae Choi, Hyun Bo Shim, Young-Jun Kim and Jang Jay Ho Kim

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REPAIRED RC MEMBER ··························································································································· 1327

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xxvi

Shear Strength and Behavior of Concrete/Composite Elements (Co-chairs: Tavio & Sung-Gul Hong) Room Bipa Hall

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xxvii

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COUPLING OF MICRO-CLIMATIC ANALYSIS AND DURABILITY OF CONCRETE ·································· 1424

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Monita Olivia, Uli A Hutapea, Iskandar R Sitompul, Lita Darmayanti, Alfian Kamaldi and

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Xiaodong Ji, Ya Sun, Xinzheng Lu and Jiaru Qian

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The aim of this study is to construct and analyse taxonomy that describes the effects of design changes in a construction project. The method used in this study is a literature review and synthesising the related previous studies about design changes in construction projects.

2. LITERATURE RIVIEW

The method used in this study is a literature review which examining the effects that arise when design changes occurred in construction projects. Since changes in construction projects have a very wide range, therefore the literature review is only limited to the design changes. Wu et al. (2005) showed that design changes resulted in a wide variety of negative effects in construction project such as morale degradation of the workers, inappropriate of work quality, and legal conflict. Alnuaimi et al. (2010) concluded that the effects of design changes were delay in the project completion, variations which causing claims and disputes, cost overrun, decrease in the worker performance and morale, and additional costs due to work variations. Wasfy (2010) mentioned that changes in construction projects influenced the project cost, delay in project completion, and dissatisfaction of both the client and the contractor. Meanwhile, the effect of change order was the time extension where consequently increased the cost of the project (Serag et al. 2010). A study carried out by Al-Dubaisi (2000) concluded that the effect of change order was a decline of the work productivity, delay of project completion, dispute between the project owner and the contractor, a degradation of work quality, additional costs for contractors, an increase of overhead costs, delay of providing material and equipment, payment, and as well as dismantling and reworking. Moreover, the changes resulted in significant impact on the degradation of worker productivity and efficiency (Hanna & Gunduz, 2004; Ibbs et al. 2007). Sun & Meng (2009) summarised that the changes in the construction project resulted in three major effects i.e., effects to the time, cost and relationship among parties involved in the project.

3. EFFECT DESIGN CHANGE

Based on the previous studies, the effects of design change can be classified into 1) effects associated with time, 2) effects related to the cost, 3) effects related to the quality, 4) effects related to productivity, and 5) the relationship among the parties involved in the construction project. Effect to Cost. Design change on construction project will lead to change in the both direct costs and indirect costs. Change in direct costs includes demolition cost of the work that already done and the rework cost for fixing it. It also includes costs required for additional equipment and materials. Whereas, the indirect costs include overhead costs for overtime, additional costs to the court if the event of a legal affair, and a contingency fee. Effect to Time. Design changes may cause work revision and rework to adjust to the new design. This requires additional time and costs in the process, including demolition and rework to fit in the new design. Besides, the design changes may cause additional work and reduction of work on the initial design, in which causing time changes in construction projects. Effect to Quality. Design changes may reduce the work quality, especially for jobs that have been done. Because of design changes, it is necessary therefore for work revision. This revision usually discourages the worker spirit, which in turn may reduce the work quality. In addition, design changes may harm the company reputation. Effect to Productivity. Design changes may lead to a decrease in the labour productivity, in particular the jobs that have been completed. Because of design changes, such works must be revised and reworked to adjust them to the new design. This may discourage the worker spirit and decrease labour productivity. In addition, design changes lead to learning curve loss which previously has been obtained by the labour. The learning curve loss causes the workers must learn the new design which in turn may reduce labour productivity. Effect to Relationship. Design changes may deteriorate the relationship among parties involved in the construction projects. In addition, design changes can lead to disputes among the

707

parties involved in construction projects. Similarly, the claims may occur because of design changes. When the disputes and claims are not managed properly, one of the parties can continue to bring the dispute to the court or arbitration. A summary of the effects of design changes is shown in Table 1. Can be seen in Table 1. design changes will affect and interfere with the performance of construction projects, especially in the performance cost, time, quality and productivity, makes a good design and a little change in the implementation of construction projects will be able to improve the performance of the project. For example, in a study conducted by Sun & Meng (2009) on the construction of a supermarket building found a difference between the design and site condition at piling work. These differences lead to dimensional changes must be made from the initial design, changes were made to cause the increase in the cost and time of project implementation. Design changes like this will not happen if the site condition survey done well.

4. CONCLUSION

Having known the effects of design changes in a construction project, preventive actions can be

carried out in advance. This paper reviewed several literatures and previous studies which discussing issues on the effect of changes in the construction projects. This paper is expected to be used as a starting point for further researches in the design change effects in construction projects.

REFERENCES

[1] Aibinu, A. A., & Jagboro, G. O. (2002). The Effects of Construction Delays on Project Delivery in Nigerian Construction Industry. International Journal of Project Management, 20(8), 593–599. doi:10.1016/S0263-7863(02)00028-5

[2] Al-Dubaisi, A. H. (2000). Change Orders in Construction Projects In Saudi Arabia. Thesis, M.Sc., King Fahd University, Saudi Arabia.

[3] Alnuaimi, A. S., Taha, R. A., Mohsin, M. Al, & Al-harthi, A. S. (2010). Causes, Effects, Benefits, and Remedies of Change Orders on Public Construction Projects in Oman. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(May), 615–622.

[4] Burati Jr., J. L., Farrington, J. J., & Ledbetter, W. B. (1992). Causes of Quality Deviations in Design and Construction.

Tabel 1. Design Change Effect Cost Demolition cost Rework cost Additional cost for equipment and material Litigation Cost Overtime Cost Contingency costTime Demolition time Rework Time Deletion Work Addition Work Work duration extensionQuality Quality degradation Damage reputationProductivity Productivity degradation Lost of learning cost Lower moraleRelationship between parties Dispute Claim Litigation Arbitration

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Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 118(1), 34–49.

[5] Diekmann, B. J. E., & Nelson, M. C. (1985). Construction Claim�: Frequency and Severity. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, I(1), 74–81.

[6] Hanna, A. S., & Gunduz, M. (2004). Impact of Change Orders on Small Labor-Intensive Projects. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 130(October).

[7] Ibbs, W. (2011). Construction Change: Likelihood, Severity, and Impact on Productivity. Journal of Legal Affairs and Dispute Resolution in Engineering and Construction, 4(3), 67–73. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)LA.1943-4170.0000089

[8] Ibbs, W., Nguyen, L. D., & Lee, S. (2007). Quantified Impacts of Project Change. Journal of Professional Issue in Engineering Education and Practice, 133(January), 45–52.

[9] Kaming, P. F., Olomolaiye, P. O., Holt, G. D., & Harris, F. C. (1997). Factors Influencing Construction Time and Cost Overruns on High-Rise Projects in Indonesia. Construction Management and Economics, 15, 83–94.

[10] Li, Y., & Taylor, T. R. B. (2011). The Impact of Design Rework on Construction Project Performance. In The 29th International Conference of the System Dynamics Society (pp. 1–15). Washington.

[11] Oyewobi, L. O., & Ogunsemi, D. R. (2010). Factors Influencing Reworks Occurrence in Construction: A Study of Selected Building Projects in Nigeria. Journal of Building Performance, 1(1), 1–24.

[12] Serag, E., Oloufa, A., Malone, L., & Radwan, E. (2010). Model for Quantifying the Impact of Change Orders on Project Cost for U.S. Roadwork Construction. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(September), 1015–1027.

[13] Sun, M., & Meng, X. (2009). Taxonomy for Change Causes and Effects in Construction Projects. International Journal of Project Management, 27(6), 560–572. doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2008.10.005

[14] Wasfy, M. A. F. (2010). Severity and Impact of Rework, A Case Study of a Residential Commercial Tower Project in

The Eastern Province-KSA. King Fahd University.

[15] Wu, C., Hsieh, T., & Cheng, W. (2005). Statistical Analysis of Causes for Design Change in Highway Construction on Taiwan. International Journal of Project Management, 23(7), 554–563. doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2004.07.010

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Certificate of ParticipationThe 6th International Conference of Asian Concrete Federation (ACF 2014)Venue: The-K Hotel, Seoul, KoreaDate: 21-24 September, 2014ACF 2014 certificates that Agung Yana participates and presents the following paper in ACF 2014.

Paper title: THE EFFECT OF DESIGN CHANGES IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTSAuthor: Agung Yana

This certification earned on 23 September, 2014.

Chair of Organizing Committee of ACF 2014Man-Yop Han