Joint US and German Simulation and C2 Information Systems Connectivity Experimentation Program

(SINCE)

Authors: Dr. Dirk R. Klose, Dr. Israel Mayk, Mr. Andrew Chan, Mr. Mike Mai, & Mr. H. Negaran

US Army CERDEC C2DAMSRD-CER-C2-BC

Fort Monmouth NJ 07724Tel: 732-427-2929

E-Mail: dirk.klose@us.army.mil

Achievement of Cognitive Interoperability is Key forCoalition Command and Control in the Networked Era

11th International Command & Control Research & Technology Symposium26-28 Sept 2006 Cambridge, United Kingdom

11th International Command & Control Research & Technology Symposium26-28 Sept 2006 Cambridge, United Kingdom

Experiment 1b - Conceptual Test BedExperiment 1b Experiment 1b -- Conceptual Test BedConceptual Test Bed

US C2

US Simulator

OTBWebC2P(US)

Cdr/S2

CAPES/MC2& C2COP

CoalitionC2

WebC2P

BNCON (US)

BN HQ (US)

US C2

Cdr/S2

CAPES/MC2& C2COP

CoalitionC2

BDE HICON (US/GE)

WebC2P

BN Companies (US) Enemy Forces

US Simulator

OTB

OPFORGE

Simulator

PABSTWebC2P(GE)

BNCON (GE)

BN Companies (GE)

GE C2

CdrCoalition

C2WebC2P

BN HQ (GE)

HEROS/INFIS

S3/GE LNO

S3 S2/S3

Virtual ForcesVirtual ForcesVirtual Forces

Real C2Real C2Real C2

SINCE Implementation ApproachSINCE Implementation Approach

US Combat SimulatorOTB

U.S. PlanningCAPES, MC2

US C2 Info SystemsSituational AwarenessABCS: ASAS-L, MCS

USC2SimProxyServer

US - GEMIP-DEMInterface

GE Combat SimulatorPABST

GEC2SimProxy Server

GE C2 Info SystemSituation Awareness

HEROS

HLAInterface

Web-based Coalition Common Operational Picture (CCOP)

and Coalition Collaborative Portal (WCP)

US C2

US M&S GE M&SHLA RTI

Technical Interoperability Interface

GE C2MIP C2IEDM

US C2 GE C2Web-XML

Collaborative Operational Interface

Web-based C2 Collaboration Portal (WCP)• Supports Display of Coalition Common

Operating Picture (CCOP)• Supports Graphical Collaboration on

Coalition OPLAN/FRAGO development & mission management

C2Sim Proxy Server• Web-based Enterprise Services

supporting Net-Centric Operations • Enables Info Exchange between C2

and M & S systems

Digitized OPORD/OPLAN• Data Model & Representation

– XML & Battle Management Language (BML) Structure

– Used to map info between C2 and Simulation worlds

• Support Authoring software

Experimentation Test Bed Implementation

The Web-based C2 Portal & XML Information ModelThe Web-based C2 Portal & XML Information Model

OPORD Text represented in XML

WhereWhoWhy When How What Which

PortalNavigation

Window

PortalNavigation

Window

Coalition ForceOPORD/OPLAN

View Window

Coalition ForceOPORD/OPLAN

View Window

Message & ChatView

Window

Message & ChatView

Window

Coalition ForceSYNC Matrix

View Window

Coalition ForceSYNC Matrix

View Window

MissionCritical Event Alert

View & Set Window/Chat

MissionCritical Event Alert

View & Set Window/Chat

Coalition COPUnit PositionMap/Graphic

SA ViewWindow

Coalition COPUnit PositionMap/Graphic

SA ViewWindow

Coalition ForceUTO, etc

View Window

Coalition ForceUTO, etc

View Window

Weather Forecast Window

Weather Forecast Window

Gateway between National & Coalition C2 Planning Systems

Displays, Sees and Operates on only Coalition C2IEDM based Information

Standard user interfaces & Common Info Battle Mgmt. Language (BML), Graphics, Xml -based representations for exchange of planning Info

Interactive OPORD building and Info Exchange

Typical OPORD/OPLAN Text Parsed by W6H Rules

Typical Portal Display

Typical OPORD Categories of InformationTypical OPORD Categories of Information

OPORD/OPLAN Business Object Container View

OPORD/OPLAN Business Object Container View

Digitized OPORD/OPLAN XML SchemasDigitized OPORD/OPLAN XML Schemas

WCP Collaboration Drag and Drop Planning InterfaceWCP Collaboration Drag and Drop Planning Interface

Typical Web C2 PortalTypical Web C2 PortalGraphical Plan BuildGraphical Plan Build

Hasty Attack

Feint Attack

Block

CATK

CATK-by-Fire

Fix

Move

Guard

Secure

Suppress

Reinforce

Seize

Occupy

Support

Graphical Action Tasks

IsolateDeliberate Attack

Unit/Feature Property Menu

Pop Up Menu

Task/Action Menu

Recon Withdraw Screen

Graphical Action Tasks

BML Action Task View

Creation of Operational OverlaysCreation of Operational Overlays

GORDO

MACRA

AA1

1st

(GE)

2d

(US)

…C

A

2-B

3-B

B

4

…

I

I

I1-B

1

2-1

3-1

…

I

x

……

…

Block:Defined in MIL-2525B.

Attack, hasty:Use Axis of Advance (Main Attack) to represent the path for the unit to attack. The word ‘hasty’ is added to denote such action.

Attack, feint:Use Axis of Advance for feint to represent the path for the unit to attack.

Attack, deliberate:Use Axis of Advance (Main Attack) to represent the path for the unit to attack. The word ‘delib’ is added to denote such action.

ExampleGraphical RepresentationAction: Comments

delib

1.1

1.2

23

||

delib

1.2

23

||

hasty

||

1.1

1.2

23

1.1

3

1

2

||

…

…

hasty

…

…

Sample OPORD (BN) Overlay WCP Action Tasks for Creating OPORD Overlay

Main WCP Control AreasMain WCP Control Areas

Viewing OPORD and Current SituationViewing OPORD and Current Situation

OPORD Viewer Detailed View of Selected OPORD

Unit Task Breakdown View Unit Action Task assignment View

SimSys

meets

C2IS

CollaborativePlanningDecisions

Common Battlefield Management Language (BML)

Enhances visual communication through standard graphics and symbols promoting common understanding

Standardizes combat and SOSO tasks

Facilitates combined doctrine development and understanding

Integrated electronic battle book and online library enables informed decision making and accurate planning

Considers capabilities, restrictions and caveats in current operations and in the collaborative planning process

Remote CCOP input enables shared vision

Mission notebook enables rapid OPORD dissemination and examination with annex/appendixes linkage (FAST FIND)

Considers coalition intelligence sharing restrictions

C2-MATE—a fully integrated staff assessment & performance tool for exercises (OC/Ts) and actual operations (Commanders) AARs

MEETING THE COALITION C2 CHALLENGE

Experiment Overview

Experiment Overview

Challenge of Coalition C2•Language•Force Structure•Equipment•Training•Professionalism•Military “Culture Clash”•National Caveats•Intelligence Sharing•C2 Systems

Collaborative PlanningMDMP

Execution MonitoringCOP

SINCE Scenario“A snapshot of the real world”

SINCE Scenario“A snapshot of the real world”

SINCE Experiment 2 Scenario Enhancements

SINCE Experiment 2 Scenario Enhancements

Summary:

Expanded experiment scope with integration of 12 Maneuver Battalions (FR)Applied division level graphics—boundaries, PLs, MSRs and units with C2D’s WCP, GITI’s Verona and IST’s Mission NotebookOrganized Provisional XN RSTA SQD (I, CA, FR)Task organized TFs for march serials, sequence and route deconflictionOrganized DE battalion into XN tank, mechanized and Stryker (US) TFPlanned DS FA Paladin “maneuver boxes” for 1 BCT (XN) fire supportIntegrated RSTA (XN)CO/PLT with each TF for route recon and security Developed free text into SPOTREPS for off site injects through Drexel’s SWAT: RSTA, MINEFIELD, MEDEVAC…Attached US Engineer Company from BSB to US TF during movementProvided multi-echelon commanders guidance through OSU’s CSLANTFiltered US STRAT INTEL for FRAGO 1 Intel build through CERDEC’s CDSExecuted performance measurement through Aptima’s C2-MATE-- data collection, self reporting and system fault isolation—for rolling After Action Review

Conceptual Planned SINCE Experiment 2b ActivitiesConceptual Planned SINCE Experiment 2b Activities

SINCE Test Bed FacilitySINCE Test Bed FacilityCAT – Collaborative multimedia

Slide Annotation Tool (aka CSLANT)

CWP – Collaborative Workflow Portal synchronization and expansion.

SRA – SIRA M&S System (GE)PBS – Pabst M&S System (GE)FST – Faust C2 System (GE)HRS – HEROS C2 system (GE)CDM – C2 –M&S Proxy Server

Coalition Domain Manager

CSP – C2sim Proxy ServerPSG – CSP used by GEPSU – CSP used by USBCS – Battle Command Server

w/SADIWCP – Web C2 PortalWCP* - WCP enhanced with

CWT / MNB / CATCDS – Cross Domain ServerMNB – Mission NotebookBML – Battle Management

LanguageSIC – SIC-F C2 System (FR/CA)MAE – Maestro C2 system (FR)APL – Applet M&S System (FR)BCN – Beacon C2 System (IS)OTB – OneSAF Test Bed M&S

SystemSGW – Secure Wireless Agent

Technology (SWAT) Gateway

DRX – Drexel University developers of SGW

C2M –C2 Mate an AAR ToolJTC – Joint Tactical COP

Workstation (formerly MCS/C2PC)

JWC – Joint Web COPBFT – Blue Force Tracking /

FBCB2FBCB2 - Force Battle Command

Battalion and Below)IPR – IP RouterSO – Staff Officer, (S2/S3/S4)HGW – HLA Gateway

Systems Playing in ExperimentSystems Playing in Experiment

FR Maestro C2 Sys

DE HEROS C2 Sys DE FAUST C2 Sys

US Joint Web COP C2 Sys

Eleven US Web C2 Collaboration (WCP) Portals

US C2Sim Proxy Server

FR APLET Plan Support Sys

Three US OTB Combat Sim. SysUS HLA Gateway

Four US SWAT Remote

Tablet WCP

DE C2-Sim Proxy Server

DE SIRA Simulator

DE PABST Simulator

US FBCB2 C2 Sys

IL Beacon C2 Sys

US CAPES-MC2 Planning Sys

FR SIC-F C2 SysCA Battle View C2 Sys

US C2Mate AAR Sys

US Verona Info Mgt Sys

US Battle CmdServer

US Cross Security Domain Services

Five Nation SINCE Experiment 2b Architecture Implementation

Five Nation SINCE Experiment 2b Architecture Implementation

US Combat SimulatorOTB

CA,FR & IA Blue Force

US Combat SimulatorOTB

Red Force

US PlanningMC2

US Combat SimulatorOTB

US Blue Force

US C2 Info SystemsSituational AwarenessABCS: FBCB2 & JWC

USC2SimProxyServer

MIPC2IEDM-DEM

Interface

DE Combat SimulatorPABST & SIRADE Blue Force

DEC2SimProxy Server

DE C2 Info SystemsSituation Awareness

HEROS & Faust

HLAInterface

IL C2 Info SystemSituation Awareness

Beacon Sys

FR C2 Info SystemsSituation Awareness

SIC-F & Maestro

CA C2 Info SystemSituation Awareness

Battle View

Coalition Web-based C2 Collaboration Portal (WCP) Servicesand

Coalition Common Operational Picture (CCOP) Display

Web Based Planning

C2IEDM Interoperability

Simulated BN & Below Forces

US C2

US M&S DE M&SHLA RTI

DE C2MIP C2IEDM

FR C2CA C2

Technical Interoperability Interfaces

Collaborative Operational Interface

CA C2 FR C2 IL C2

Web-XML DE C2US C2

Integrated Demo of New TechnologiesIntegrated Demo of New Technologies

Web-based C2 Collaboration Portal (WCP)Services

– Real-time Coalition COP Display Generation Services

– Drag & Drop Action-Task Graphical Plan Overlay Generation Services

Digitized Mission Notebook XML/BML OPORD Authoring Services

– Supports Authoring Additional elements of OPORD/OPLAN

– Auto linked with Drag-Drop Action Graphical Planning Services

C-SLANT OPLAN Annotation & Animation Services

– Pop-up Commander’s annotations on Action Task Overlays

– Animation of Action Overlays to illustrate Commander’s Vision

Collaborative Unit Action Task Workflow Tooland Scheduling Services

– Supports display Unit Action Tasks Assignments in Temporal Execution Workflow Structure

– Changes & subtasks Llnked back into WCP Digitized OPORD/OPLAN XML

C2 Mate– Automated After-Action Reporting Tool– Performance Assessment

Cross Security Domain Services (CSDS)– Rule-based, Automated Information

Security Screening services– Automatically screens and controls flow of

national SA information passed to coalition C2IEDM SA database

– CSDS is being designed to meet and go through NSA Security Accreditation

Secure Wireless Agent Technology (SWAT)– Intelligent Agent based Tablet/PDAs– Compressed WCP XML Communications

VERONA– Agent oriented Collaborative Information

Management Services

ONESAF-OTB HLA Gateway– Real-time Interface between C2 and

Simulation Systems – Supports simulation driven real-time

Mission Rehearsal and Training activities

The Coalition Domain Manager (CDM) Module– Automatically manages information

distribution and mediation services required to move information between PASS, C2IEDM and WCP OPORD/OPLAN XML interfaces, etc.

Conclusions & Preliminary Results

Conclusions & Preliminary Results

• “SINCE Experiment was a success”• A Flexible, Scalable, Extensible M&S driven experimental environment is critical to technology assessment for potential transition

2 Echelons (1 Bde, 3 Bn ) for C2 Cells3 Echelons for Live & Constructive M&S (Co, Plt, Platform entities)13 Officers at C2 Cells (CPTs, MAJs, and LTCs) from 5 Armies8 Multinational ‘Systems of Record’, 12 R&D prototypes50+ PCs, 10 Interconnected Networks13+ Information Standards

• Information Sharing Portal technologies were well received asKey to Multinational Force C2

Collaborative Planning and Execution Monitoring using standardgraphics and symbols for common understanding and shared vision.

• Live simulation essential to provide ad-hoc free-play stimulation injects complementing highly structured constructive simulations”