Upload
iwl-pcu
View
123
Download
2
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Presentation given by Djamel Latrech of the Sahel and Sahara Observator and project manager of the Northwest Sahara Aquifer project at the 4th Biennial GEF International Waters Conference. Social - Economy of North-Western Sahara Aquifer System NWSAS Algeria – Libya - Tunisia
Citation preview
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
Social - Economy of Social - Economy of North-Western Sahara Aquifer SystemNorth-Western Sahara Aquifer System
NWSASNWSASAlgeria – Libya - Tunisia
Achievement of the NWSAS Aquifer projectAchievement of the NWSAS Aquifer project
Fourth Biennial IW Conference
Cape Town, July 30Cape Town, July 30thth – August 04 – August 04thth, 2007, 2007
Global Environment Facility
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
NWSAS limit
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
Hydraulic aspects
A Management model built at basin scale 1.000.000 km2
Three sub-regional models:
An integrated information System
Involvement of the techniques of the three countries in risky areas
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
Hydraulic aspects
Jufrah
Bassin Occidental
Oued Mya
Bassin Artésien
Syrte
Exutoire Tunisien
Chotts
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
COUNTRIES 2000 2030
Algeria 1750 4200
Tunisia 497 571
Libya 540 1260
Total 2787 6031
Evolution of water demand for irrigation
Social & Economic aspects
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
Irrigated agriculture
• High level of water consumption : 6 000 to 25
000 m3/ha/yr
• Inadequate irrigation techniques performance
• Excessive parcelling out of the irrigated
exploitations
• Lack of maintenance of the drainage networks
• Lack of fertilization of soils
• Woman represents less than 5% of farmers
Social & Economic aspects
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
Threats and Risks
Rarefaction of easily mobilizable water :• Increasing water cost• Conflicts on the allowance and the tariffing of water• Reduction of the water for irrigation• Soils salinisation (scrubbing, drainage)
Reduction of Outputs:• Reduced farmers livelihoods• Impoverishment of the farmers• Increase in unemployment
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
• Permanent salty lakes• Seasonal salty lakes
Sebkhas, Chotts and water plansSignificant role on the
hydrological, ecological and
economic plansSource of salinisation Risks: zones of rejections,
discharges… etc. •Oases• Places with intensive agricultural activities
Importance of ecological and economic plans
Risks : stranding, salinisation, hydrous & wind erosion .
Main types of wetlands
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
• The majority of the Sahara soils is saltedOrigin geologic Increased by :
• Proximity of the salty groundwater
• Inadequate irrigation practices
• Deficiency of drain network
• Strong evaporation
More than 95% (in Algeria) and 40% (in Tunisia) of the irrigated surfaces in Algeria are strongly
affected by salt
Salty soils
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
Recommendations according to 3 axes :
Urgent need for integration of the zone’s natural constraints and the associated eventual risks in all the development perspectives for the
NWSAS zones.
Conclusion : Environment & Social-Economy
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
• Adoption of the sustainable development concept at all decision making levels.
• Best assistance for the economic and diversification of regional economy
• To take jurisdiction and financial measures to assist and service the different categories of agricultural exploitation
• Reduction of the extension plans of the irrigated surfaces
1 – Strategic Axe
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
2 – Curative Actions
• Rehabilitation of the damaged irrigated perimeters (drainage, network of irrigation, revised water quantities and frequencies of irrigation…)
• Good management to avoid wasting
CAP Town
31/07- 04 / 08/07
3– Preventive Actions
• Reasonable use of non conventional water resources
• Fiabilisation of the agricultural statistics
• Sensitizing all stakeholders (actors/partners)
• Strengthening promoters and farmers (Training and continuous recycling of the popularizers and farmers)
• Introduction of new irrigation techniques
• Setting up of monitoring and evaluation system for cultivation and soils degradation