Acids and Bases

Acids

Proton donorH+ DonorTurns litmus RedpH < 7.0Tastes sourReacts with a base to make H2 O

React with metals

Acids

Found in many foods (makes you pucker)Used in manufacturingAllows for life

Bases

Proton acceptorO H- DonorTurns Litmus bluepH > 7.0Tastes bitterReacts with acid to make H2 O

Feel “Slippery”

Bases

Found in a few foods (Makes you “Blech”)Used in manufacturingAllows for lifeCauses rapid disintegration of cell membranes, giving the slippery feelMore dangerous than acids to cells

Acids Around You

FoodsFruitsGreen veggies

BatteriesSome Fertilizers Stomach

Citric acidFolic acid

Sulfuric acidNitric acidHydrochloric acid

Bases Around You

Food:Quick breads

Antacids (anti-acid)

Cleaners

ConstructionFertilizers

Baking soda

Calcium carbonateMagnesium hydroxideAmmonium hydroxide (ammonia)Sodium hydroxide (Lye)CementAmmonium hydroxide (ammonia)

Acid – Base ReactionsWhen reacting an acid and a base, you get the general reaction of:

Acid + Base → Water + Salt

(YOU NEED TO KNOW THIS!!!!!!)

Acid – Base Reaction

A very common reaction:H Cl + Na O H → H2O + Na Cl

Acid Base Water Salt

What type of reaction is this???

That’s right!!! Double Replacement!!!!!(The peasants rejoice)

Acid - Base Reactions

When you look at a reaction:The acid will almost always have an “H” in itThe base will almost always have an “OH” in it

Hey look!!! If the acid has an “H”, and the base has an “OH”… “H” + “OH” make H2 O… and that is water!!!

Reactions

2H N O3 + Ca (O H)2 → 2H2 O + Ca (N O3)2

Find and label the parts of this reaction

3H Cl + Al (O H)3 → 3H2 O + Al Cl3Find and label the parts of this reaction