Acids

Acids

• Dissolve in water – sour taste

• Litmus dye: blue → red

• React with some metals– Produce hydrogen gas and a salt

Arrhenius Definition

• Acid – releases H+ ion in water

polyprotic acidsH2SO4

Bronsted-Lowry Definition

• Acid – proton donor (H+)

Acid Strength

• Strong acids – ionize all the way– Hydrochloric Acid– Sulfuric Acid– Nitric Acid

• Weak acids – only ionize a little– Acetic Acid– Lactic Acid– Ascorbic Acid– Phosphoric Acid– Citric Acid

Can damage tissue If concentrated

Found in many foods

pH• The concentration of H+ ion in pure water

is 1 x 10-7 M.• pH stands for power of H+ ion.

– If concentration is 1 x 10-e then pH is the negative of the exponent of the H ion conc.

– If conc. Is not 1 x, then pH = -log10[H+]

• Therefore, in pure water, the pH = 7• If pH < 7 then the solution is acidic• If pH > 7 then the solution is basic• pH = 7 is neutral

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Antacids

• Are of course bases

• Neutralize stomach acid (HCl)

• More is not better

H26 – C11

• 14, 16, 17, 19, 20, 24, 25, 28 - 31, 33, 51 - 55, 57, 62, 63, 74, 79