Acoustic and Optical Methods for Measuring (1)

8/12/2019 Acoustic and Optical Methods for Measuring (1)

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EEE aao o l a Ela lao V. 6 N be 1999 19 999

Acousic and Optcal Methos for Measurig

Eecric Care Disrbtios i ieectricsatsuo aaa

Musashi Isitute of Tchlgyky, Japn

ABSTRACT

Much pog hd bn mde urig th ls w des n ousti ia mod fomg hg diibu in d. vi hi s giv, whih my h tivi d ih h o b F o mtodw i iu n m th d li v gtin mh nd om h s g nig oh hg ms hn i mp xi b opt mh

u Pk hqu ht d h ynm mum hg btio K hniqu t i dv msg t but ihin ud s

INTODUCO

Pyning ecr epresens a fow o ecc powe quvalent [1m2] hr m repens crc eld nteni h mag fid inni o fala h ramsn f ag amn lcic ng whh ha i uvalen na lage ying ctr earhe m e to inas hr hmagntc d

r elrc d

An incease

n b a-

omplsd b usng updung ansmson n, whl ta of cb ahivd b nang e smi tg Hwr psent, e evelpmn o paical al spernucing tanmson syem h o bee fly eaizd Theef w hav con-in o ff n btanng gh rogh a HV tramsn ym.

To nd mch resrch on propes of deleci ad nslng maeras wil av o b conctd. hs i on of h goa o hpsn

Th v o xceln lic ulatig maial i whhct pw lws he f Poig et h md a gnfiant cnion o e veopment eli pwer ngiee-ing elons ngnrng and ecnic ommnaton sysems n

presen eeyday life Man esearhe hav been ndcted on lageren aresi by e dui [S/m) m-men d a ltagnt hatitic b emity [Fm] measmen th at ars He that sarh onon h as e h e oing hogh h maad acd th d a and e e fed ar miwa f an depend

Dung he l eas bea powr appara a oe oe cmpac nd lon dev have bem mh smale,

th iuang mtels a ghl ssd t 1 , his na th breakdw egh o th islag al. Ude schhgh c fd ppin lcc cag may e injed fomelectod b dssiad uit that u i h eia helcc charges accumlatd n th nsulang maal dsor h ogna tna ect d ditbun he pocs ma cas the nu

aig mal o dgde n somemes ea o ecta bkdwno maeaL r is rason s lt to den an nulain sys- der hig er te i w ny nde t cvil lcia poperies o insaing maias ha was oained n asupio ondin contn fre te dc obvatin th lcti chage nd r ld dbunbecam o nse nrs n h 970 dad [ .

XL LCH CESIC OF

M

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wys oufom T tat o tho or kg he cconduci K [S/mby esurn the olte o aeral d hug h maia becam relvnt tis as In ordert ndetad bslecca hcitc of iuag mai, e t e throh meal he eic ld dstibn t mts ie kow h m deedc th hy c ay ecs pod, a ccl thg rap eg dtton.

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H ve as 3 NTERNAL OBSVIONS

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EE Transacion on Dels and Eta Insuaon

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Takada Mhod o Meaug ee Chag bu

Table 3. Lst of arie bngece meu y l-p ehd.

ptil Fi patrn Brfgec hnquirefngc Mtod Ref Meth Ref hd iKe Ect [2 Nitbz 74,5 Ol ltrc ed

t

Wae 67 -D lec Fild 798081

VEil oulon 9,808p i 8- leic Fil ,0

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Platic Fmtl e Ml 1711 112irMehl tss 11Disri

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1 Se 1 ie 1141

d 2imon [889] t cc ld dstbuon Hwvr au f u a poor o oca do hsm y o asut d t wodminau r bnd b smpl gug o n da Fo bng mic uac argi noa ung h oop P a dgt o mr a mpd insado t pht dtto op dtci 96 971 Hor nn-rmit prbm or ur wodmna mun u o dgt rid boot th diga msun a lws or ut lo frm asu oda dt t po sqar us mdu hnqu d imag ki psing hu dopd

nd m n mm tm ug h K ft [8]ks [ d h phtolt f 11 In Sio ll ds i l t twdna au q

AOT PAE HAGMA

SPACE CHRGE DISTBU[ONMSRMS

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Ver

2 S S [MH

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e eI bkg _

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GNRIO OF ULD AT WAVOM PA HAG

L u conid t pros o t acoust wv a n agd mp wn n pus otg ppi am p d vlag i pd o sap o tn pag ) is ul in h a h p o h plidd vag high nugh nd t appid rid is g nug t s t rg nd d oh d vg nd t sp rg z

Wn a cic pu s pid o h p hog oupling pacto sd u a ld wi hrg


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IEEE ansaions o Dis ad Eial Insuato

dstbuo is geete s dbd n h olong he aotwa po propgatg hrou the grd lt whis pootioa o se cag disibu p(z) is gve b

= ZA oept + u / - d - ,) the oo codtions e isd he fist cdo o ba he poxa spa hage trib tht he wt p ofte is muh srt than te at tm = u oaous was aro sampl h eod condto aosti ec ah bween etoe and smpe o aiy th to Z = we ad a aous- impedn m an leod rspetel p of odt mpedac mt ben h d olaeode d e mpe

Whe h ost wa s ro te od eto,t acoustic ssure we given y Equan nds tr compo"et srfe crge 0 n t gru letrode pace hage ) h sap ad sfae o te HV erod In a eas h ous mt mtr bt h HV ld ad th pe a t se astic ee b ttal a f ac co wa omponet f th sfce ages rh spe ae s s Z I oh wds by deectge co wave( hge ompon O ) eobie.

O AT IGAA

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GA O A AG IIBIO

T acoust wa wt formatio of pa e dstiutios tste a hage sial b pzrC sdur h sig thn mfid sn a l wh i impeda npu. I t fequ doman h amifid oltge sga

epssd a quato V=S(.ao+f+Oexpi mpoet is he sae ag e gd eecod

z = s opo te amed spe ha n thsap


6/29

524 Takaa Mehds Ma Diee ha Dsbut

cren m da a Euat 5) i frequy doa d z(t)=JT=-ZAl+Z.dtx

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(0) a z 0 and t thd comnet s d to th a ag hage at = d h ond ompt s d o e pacchag p at ay posi z The sa un gnbyth cnvuto m t spc chag (z = sr) an t sdaoui wa Fuhe wn Equat (6 ty tn.

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hag omat n e am dig h c tg ln Wna ls voge s ape to th samp h ua hae aeondn t surac ar and is obtand On e suaeg signa orspding o usd as aibrain signaBy targ s ga t fqncy dman V f e Pm i and th sa wa, J h pWP od s obtad h sac age atos 7 (8) i aludg Equato 9 f th apped c a h ev ad tss of h p d ar h sm fnctn banby Eqs (7

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n pnple th sua ca soulb a { nc-t f o xese t nci m spa g desty [C/m] Hoeer due e ie soi th te wih o h nete u i ot ossb obtan hse et osqel t ud surfa hae of n aexprse a a pa ad a y in pc at a cge dy nt Cm a how i ur 5{a ad a wdh f t aka ly l eotio o h as ys Th ar e dh h th lu. Th u wth a half hight , dictg a h s both an sysms a aot th same

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7/29

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8/29

6 akaa: Mhs f eaug t Crge bo

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ARMN PACHAR

SPACE HARG DISTBUON IE OE O L

etophene -pd rdus a ssg agf sk t (XLPE). I the ausng eteo d/ h pace hae n Mut rotd the ee o phnne n e chgng uen t rn en -pd ophno td ono ufc d ext thatcephene hed e cge econ owv he pa peaed wi i af vtag ain t w dflt t observe injecd s harg u dnr pc ae msent y ree t w b-sr t et thne on g fn sng nmed ystm thi nterl 1 s dring he age v

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Jugng he eus hw n gu he un o necdste ae than th ed n LE wut ceo cn Te negtve ge jn s l ved tph e Te tg

b-r n enhanes the cge nectn. m he oe eu he ho (" 3 s) d otnu h spa hg eaueme v

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9/29

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lttv est iq a ef ed d o oemet disdvtag f dc tes oency tg weepw nc c uh a . H is f sd in ei fpoe aes, H th fu dped sp chag u-e 0 tge i ot ar er y t intge th hitis o p hg acuuti d ibu nd ac ag o t he rtio ce charg nXLPE nd vios qie a eprintally obed feuyr fo po fr 0 l ,002 ) s


10/29

Takda: Methods fr Mauing Delc Chage b nd, Th tod Figur pod t t dsf aunt n a tg fy and hs ng d-pdn f a hrg tudid b s pas loig fqnnv thqu

PHAS ANGLE DDENC OF SPAARG

Fgus 1 and 12 shw t pce a pes i of 5 tik de qun, f ad 5 H rpt (opd to ds m an m)0

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nd w frquny ineag , p rg nsy W r >0 te dlmn ad acat ofspc a n o iicl e artc t e e ac vta a sia btad u volag

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11/29

Tanatn n et an etal ntn

4 4 f

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the t e he te bk o XLPE. Te t cs ae ivfom te pe arge pl c a i Fr d prod tae an intg rce

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Rproduce ce ce d t elect beawn,() e phee eCe at psie oiy the pere elte ategae poit

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12/29

0 k Meh Mun Deei Chre rbun

Cpctnae Figure Sa hag mau lo b spewit h

emation he o b tad. If he pus og used i the ehd pped a temnaio, i trvels hug he cable h case, bl pedmen t oner o b Jupe -te h af o te age t mring ot l oe rr l ps, de t to and! eet hjcted e.

Hzum deiged an epeieta tem h a h pom As hw e 6 h mesurg pt i ixed he f x g o ly vge we th pit nd god yp ple oe 2 V wa o 60 e mpedne f te capite at te mgon the reqen rne of th use voa i mh e th thaestc ipedne b m e use oltge pe a pon ( e euvaet Fge e sd ig a m at c 0 }m n hck-es and amed nde e ielded bx. The selded b ee- slt, bcs HV p e. s fred b ptc fiber meod ade pib o cy ot eet h h pto of o e ale and bv k uo y iels.

24 2 SPACE CHA RG VOLUTIND D Fi

bn m i he dement of d ei ale he iud d voltge i derned y a rs, h ie m e n dt an n o eamet dta f aa D meen o ace chagen abe s eeore eective

F 17() sw h pac hrg vluti l w3.0 m c u e d w ape o e oda emaue 6 H-ca maed e t

pc g vo XLPE ce 3 tk - d c () Wh +70 kV e c, ity d h kV de was pl, ct chrg inmitnIy leOe.

b eetrodes ad ae hge ends o ae s n on h a onkn byrods ntod

Whe the aege e s hg a 12 M pcet cage pr mty d t t nn igre A sl el o pemen ha odb Ko ho d e laser inded preu pgaon Lo Ts poeno is i e e l aon pr n gh d e etop b hegena o a ge e u me d votage h n e ben lried oee te gene o akehrges led to tby n the uan ad od tb reeben egg .

mtril ht f the a c t a o ele ed s eear i the deelpment d le w o mea ae nsao bece sprese eoe of aer. Sme teil o s tpe havebee ape t th deopen 50 k d bes Te exet

v ge euemen in ls abe 6 SPC CGEMM

f e reet efor h eld f pae hag eaurenh t f g th e f he det I a ee s en an imii pn hhe pe rge o p we in som e


13/29

IEEE on on Dlts nd EHnson

ump o vl mpl n elgd l hegeo watr ts sual s m the urfa f h mioduing lr a gaualy ds o h cen of cbl n samp, h cge dibu i uom i th pn

mizum

opd a cng ym or heimnioal

pa age tbuton mumt usig h mthod [3] Amll etode ith a pl diame o 1 ud to gna la pued eeri a ml ara o maud amp Cnqul h harg diibuto ag -dn f h pic osp mud B mvng h mpl n h x pl h hdmsil ag ttf ampl a e aid. Du mall ode ize, the geeaed gal i y ma ad i b vagd e 100 t re igl i at A aeult as " mn mur a saned mug pon t t 7 h i cad pon a mard n 20x2 mm mpe

An ou i a wel-etablshd dv h d csil imaig o many e. Ug a auc l it s psbl pru ite aous am mall aea I he W ethod if us lns utzed gee a fusd pue a he it possbl t mas mall aa ampl Cnl hdtd signl ll c the hage diribuon i th drti oh ic o amp o. pipl b mo h fos pi f heaoc en ong t p the thr-dnoa pae hagdut th ample ca b mared ung hi mh [4]

5 . R S

Te schmi iagam o rimsal pae chag dsuton maurig ysm uing auc l an h sw nFgur Th sa p hi syem th pze tnur h acou nd he x stag pezlrc radr,nan fu 50 Hz used gea h sre vVag pus h ampltude and 40 us d h du. Th pu w grated y h durs fu h ul hke h ampe o hh th h 0 Mm by oti The imeter of he prssu wv h focu po ". mm Th drme hat resuo pla f h stm i al ,08 mm A mmal x stg i us mov he aoust es ang e pl an ara f 0 mmTh tt ga m th mple mpld nd aagd agital ollop 00 ca. k 5 o mng ecos-i s mplg da nsun t nsampig poo. h sapng tm u han at h m un he E mh [

.5 . RSU S ISC SSS

A MA pa (220O m3) hh i aiatd y ct

m s u pim Alumnm s e ept bohu h pm a ltrd. A t gu h a lad ple n whih a ha '7 s ared erig h mnwh t s t by he eln bem

he eul cage dibuon n h plae lltatd ngu 20. n rde to omp herutth sam a scl a uedI Fgure 20() wh 20 Mth hac '7a b siguihdo th bgoun togh is ambs gr 2) th 195 Mm th hara n b cogid al poin

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is ucul otu SEOS

MS OF SC CH G ISIO

6 SC R C U R COCO CURR

maly tut ue ha n d o caatiz pataly the pae charge med wihi nuaig mteal ng


14/29

53 aka M Mag Cag b on

Figu re 20. T c isi e pee o pan y -

n ba r, V A post () h aiv pk t, h hara (b), h Cat ab gze e I c a n stgsd o hbaku ahou

is b. Hwev e ha

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dns n poston an tim Thore, the xa cut mmt l s insuicent nt sd t tn menism in th cc

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A nz th cnton n s ni po-sit sin h eu btaned fm simulte maumns the nal S uet d dnnt e rge stiunhav e pose [51 5 e mot mtn d bte nten cnt an a net nduct uent s that te ttr eenn bth ston an me hl th fom ens ol n tme Tohw te tpl aml fo n nasis te nt onduto uentte tmpat ndne th ncton en n eam ra-t PA cut.

XPRMN RRN R

saml us tis maumnt s commiy ablPMM wt a tnss 50 h eem ratn i ced outsng tnsmii t mscpe T t enrg 00 eYan ent dens 10 nAm2 fo 3 n o p rgeston mu sing e tm hwn n ue 21. sstm hs ben dvele r the msumnt t hgh tmture55

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TSC PECTRUM

he s ms ncesg te mpee un st it onon om temeratur o at a ate "/m gu 2 shows he C sctm In th iu ngte unt n


15/29

aao o Dc a al a

s b hn ton mov wrd te eam rraitd ele- ight ide etroe Fgue 3) pk b ner 6" O -

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Figu specimen iradaed c bem.AC CHAG DIBON

MAUM

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16/29

Takada: Meos fr Meuing Delec Chae tbtowee th lct stt t moe tards bt s Judgngo b rs, lausbl that he mobiy a igcany thn t t 3 t m b d lt e ud b h dffe de o

bea adion. Fro b ay

hat te eenau, uh in T5C, i ay q o e e codn c O POST

ap dh in sult atrs oe o the pott peo yi o pac ag cmulio i atra We c imae mobi nd eer dstuin a fn ton -ba PMA ug emare end he sibuti fne condun cre 4 Ual e deendene on perte i med l hre () h dh s uncio poo Btzmacnstt ad h ate tmrt If btn rdepede mobi e a e e dph

trp

n

esid qua 3

e i x n e oad d the e oncton urnt J b hag dn-y d el e ditto It d u o obi mblty h th hage o i dton aro. Thrfo w caclad h mobil dsto a he po ;m n gue 2 n s Fig h l valuat rm tmeatur i O A o obire t 2 o m2;Vs. e t ot no t diibu in t u

r -i

5 0

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A Arhens l tie om h l o e de

d of my usng E 1 h p d s caefom op of hu lo a a emprr age [] Thedh f th rs a i oii i w i ig 2 taeph a eperau rnge 65" s 06 ad in-icl wh ha obd fm th TSC thod. g emaang o he tp dh i eee n t r trr lau meur f nd -depdn chagb k pible t i mbi d h dept

f ot :r . x - O J

x Tr di rrtd

OPTIAL E HAGITUTO

di t aoti e p dttn otr m oat n ondes nmato snn f delecatel memet t e b dsd a bsdo h as o ih polaizto ha s ed a lig s ag

g dleri e e h lt op c o hot fft eeti id e meaa tes ne de l mdie the a ort o he mata ad tdaddional a trdt ifee betee w prdclaomonn of th ecifldof aitdg Uk te outic mhod dsd n h pvs Sco ich hee s prb m paa eoluo a is d b boe robg osc wv a th mm m O the thd h aet o uch an pic ha df bi th advtg o i lcc l e meaa sts ind dtri mtial fe m th nf he ol meuee te

Hwevrbs o t dic o de msmt of pud opc has ed e pil men mhd i

ie deopd nd t mmoly used, cmad oh at mareen mehd h n ae amnt ee to ma mha ess sib in d maial e he toac et [8] r elctrc lddo n id e baed on e coi Kfft [76 were oneerg wo h srnHv he frg te rodd m y e m n alow r a aoxm iua eimi o he gn dhe direcidibui of e inr o cc fid Lt


17/29

IEEE Transion on Delec nd El Inulton

muh me ensv tcu o masrmnt th d mgnu [3] h twdimnsna el [91 w ddb inoung n eea opcl mulan an kn mlir Rcn m t wer ade n hrimnsn f ctr

mmnt 7]H, eue t eco h g dtcn hs masuns bong to pnmmnt n twn msumn s we taie me gong p-meurmn . r h tomenil bn masunt th chqu xt th ivntag ng tie cnsumg d t th mhanl cnnng th mp an lt lw pat reuin hgh- nd hgunmsionl earmn t n t u mpun gl a fr gh dttn n f teht ct nd h m cm In ase w e wdmnsnal systm n-rmt eig r h oca mnen n he aa nsg m ap an may mp ts nun n the masu otal rdon istuon

n the frnge tn mauemn mtd sn h mgn h pued oa adn stbu m itu r awi rng ntegl muls o o pu h gh and frngs h b o the em nnut an gred h pon meurmn meth ice pia rslion i t, he nfn o th ym nnuormt s lt cgnzed th l, we w man cus t omnsionamumn ssms ffee o efet at nqeydeel n u abrary an w will y mor tton n how tlmn th nunc h sys nnunrm on t meauedoil rarat duton

3 .1 UDMNA

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3 . 1 . The ot lh n r s ualy ner cnn and n

qu th n e spa m/ !cc mra othr hn ar h agtng l ght bolw and at wi th ltr rm at lgh eqnc) he mter y h far uuy send h n o an h elci mer nd indctth at

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V 6 No. 5, Oobe 19 3

Dilrc ansopy t pmtv p. () r ot dl f

as r n opc lr h dlt mtt hng hr qu mn ndepnent th dn ndhu pers a sphe A shwn n Figr 8(, n ansropl te pemtvy has th nql cmn n hu pn n ctn d m lisod; Sn ht an emgnic we h let ve omnnt f th ight ibrates n the pn hn to h decon o lgh pagan hwn n gu ) when l g ge hogh nnotoc dl he ossscion of dt lpod wtht pn asg hugh h gn 000) an hgn th lghprpgn n el

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inc he agang ot e d or monens r dtmd npa rate n h mjod mno f th li as hown n h ls dnt at th tw axs h ou rfction al brnen n he th el c h fat s f thirefrngenc wh th ma a le th w ax. he i bngen d n th ight pgin dircn an the

uu h detc mt r n c dler h n alwa a crc an hus n ee bngn wul r

Most deletr mes ua r ri ad hb n bngne ee whn bjce o n e n ics r a mhancl stes t f e mt om asropnd xhi brringn bus tnl e use he erntn o th oul dpe and cngs h le mt


18/29

3 , Takada Mehod o Measu Diei Chae Dibon

2 PICA HAS ADAIN POCKELS EFFT

A hw n ige 3 for a nely olarzed ncnt ght pogtng along he rctn a asotopic dct xht n

wth = ; d 6'2 alog t d

ions wer i he slow axs s th t xs. eusef rg, h an li i opos ( andy o ight popagte t slighty difrentveotes / =/ n " = / s, a oti phsretadto s bween w monns ( 2 an ae gt a pased thru he ei ma

z

30 Optical hse rdon ( u by efige.Fo te as h th dto h as ais fringece

kps onsn a e lht p e podced op h s gv a - y

whe Ao th wvlg o gh pac d the gtnsi th deet I the ot of th rrng kees ont ag te t quato 8 for te ptal ps etadan dc t =

7

T ae ght pase togh a dtr mteia w egth alog t igh prgan dto optic phas etdation cd etwe t et i compt f ligh par depndiua o a a and y oonl to e dffr te eftve iis an a the lw and ftes T mp ce s o os of h pplaos Hw-v o e e wh te notry d y foe es with piti g te ght ppga (te drecte a o e prd opt pa erion qus ve-t et o otc ah a imp analyt ormaaot e tad A a t du to coe oectye ormati e xtn oce h eaud do eSc as w n h sume f th timensionaltic i bsed on h K et

8,3 OPICA C

Som der mes ybeo bng we sujeced toa ea oc Ud a i d ome dlec ia hbit a letopc f d e Pke efft, he te eh qdti lctrooptic ft d K eet. hexsts mchc t dstton isde ditrc t i axhi ppc befingee ca the htosc e.

T Pckl s r ct f, f tl atea. Ud a ap lt fd, t nud br-gee er n is lly pprt t fd gntdd g 5pE (8)whre rtv d fo noma gh and s t oks t rtl teil he fa ( h low axi) of thdc brfigne s ul i t ert ng h ee-ed by t rst stctu o te ocl r nd pn the ppd ee d pai pla cks sn b sd in he otdna od and od nso r e oe Poke nso, e t er ld serpndir to h gh patin, whe o a longtudn mde nsor h c ele ld pae o g p-to

RR FFE

e Ke e a uadt eeot ec asuay occ qi detri h ct ha een ud o s th erfed rton n qUds. Wtou n d elr e a quiddtri a ir d b o bfgc apid i the drc n i h n rracte nda h dr prll an prpur t he ee d pro gnt o h mp (EX)' thepan c e eto prpaao d gn as

= ABEY 19w B s t K ow at s f e dbiefrnge ar aralel a ed o th e ctoomonns on p eeiar t t deto o gh rop-gt wheea t ild mot aog th optc h ha th de beg Fopatil msurt teletrode ae desged c a e cic ld vt keps otat h ti pt d te fed agtude meu cordto the optil pase Equ 19, le h l den i eaed by h mmn the ang o th a or tw

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HOO-AI FF

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= 12(21


19/29

IE Transc Dielect ad ta uaon

wh is e csat o opti lai th mtia, 1 a r srs t l pclr t th i raton recon e r a xi( i f h compss srs ad th slw s he s o h

sl sss h mata pe n ppnur o dto om ax) pcip srss whr >

oh lsh og ad sh n Fg3

Relaonship mg h en trs y a sul sts f nufcing

p by eenl frce. For xmp, t y b ncdb hr by a mechnc s Wh a mtu gadt pu n ai a e ience thema eont d ostns ind t ial iots t mail n thut n n ss disbut

WO- ES ONL OCEN

Fo ad wodiensl n usn ch o h he tc es gt ctnc camea uc sa h hot an th c ih eeion Unkte easurmnt eod th o-mi nnumutn tal mn an h came' snig t

ps n its e hu b t con accue auren T cm ts rblem w hav unquy d n lin prsng tq h h bl mply dnsnl c nlss I ctn h m nc h syts usn th th i ft dscb b gh wih m o tpc esuet e.h cn ols n h ces u be disued Sen h t funcn n h tnsc uncn wich e nside mo o h menson n syems rsuaiz n

DYNAMIC MEASRT FUR FC HRG

. RBIO

Bi102 B c whh ts te ero-tic Ps f s ue as n ect-ol sn Su chg dibn(x, y) poed te sebis u n ntl cc edtr n ucs a nce disbuion Baue th asa o e nucd bfrig iin s cosn diecdnd the csta st th oOg t s eepfo sng opti rean sbun 8 (x, y wh lnal op h rfa ha ro .

V. N 5, Otbe 1999MEASUREMENTS USIG HE POCKELS

EEC

537

Fu 32 shs h a een ste ne msn he ratn ibuion al lat ith hsuace h istbu y eosit a ok crs [102]. t iay cnts a li s

c phs mto P a hwlh e nd teS cs o ght em e n aet mm,sss hgh h bo ay ple i f Bth s x o t d h B cryt are t t f 5 Th /2 le s u cmns f thet ft of th Th lght s td t u fth BS rys d trns bck t h Bse crs ct fthe PBS h mnt at the rc o 90 s tough nhe n te a Th lih intensty dsbu y f coed t h me rss s

Ix y ' lo s [8 y y2

w rx y s e tttda titio n he ti systm10 is texu lgh nsiysb o ncd ght

n IfX y s h s cpnen cus he ct th cea nd e ek gh nensit P nd y s e ta ft th smss t dsbut f t o v and sstvt isb CD ama gigeo mtr

ll OiQf

T cl uet e f r drb- Pk .

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re ace ch dpn on he sal h s a y) o 8mt = whu he odaon hx 8 n x y 8m -8M wh te mutin, amr d he xpa t f


20/29

Takada: Methos for Muing Delecc C DbuonLigtIn".'ity Modul Lig1 [n(es}

- S " 1) _ IL _ _ _ _ _ _ ,RdL ' 6'1 ilT .6"y)m '8x,+P Oa Wvfor DtC

33 Relaoship bn t u mdu f pc pd d t gh iy

th fci

y sg Equao (25

1M( x, y) .x y 2 x y) y 2I

o ua the y noiiy i twdienyd ta to st Ox y s deme a

I! v O y) CS y 6Snc h f th ptc dve l th PB th h /

pae e ts el ha al l t turl brei

ge u t th l ec stes stutn the heirl eect lt th natl taa

y tmt

igt The oal ri Ox y t the tl ettoOnx y e etdn Os y caued by the depited surfechae t y du o he l fct, s

O y y) Ox y (2)e aa td O y al s dt expret fo age da as be sace carge depsn y) ad bted ta reton O yt e y hh ner rlt th epoed fahge dtbtn y kes eet

MASURNT SUS

A a f e t ua 1 ms ltg e f

8V i pli to d ctrod a uvtre f 5 h s et eiul i oct h el tl epot ufa hge h cya [3 14 ]As sh Fg a} wh h apl ol m a o

ti h yc rg h g slp f t a l vstme chnes bt ut inet in d o o thel ecd lg n kli se chrge duto ptt ame 9 a th poitve pea). Dfent us ope nh n e f d brs pov

{.( (Uli. LJ I t , il : ; .m

34, D r v w i. Sd h bi pp th dl l ih smb a -di

() F c id lg i i f , f f

i h l

tmer rnh hne rs ou vey t im abt0 n 16, 17 n et h ns i wihs th ae tostn ong th hn t t te mn te d th cton o ned eoe oe th ot a hanesbf to tw sbb ung h rpain ring theflg p f h hlf cycl, s he sy r th l p dces an bo gt u to the e f naeak-dchg h i ntve prta dags tht u befoe thzc te tae (ae 1 ter h -ng). ugth g pe he flg gate hf cle th ta ng

hag dt otu o a n ay I e a neativ charg i s d bg o pad t etrash cel prs o e ea psii sear chn ar e l ce me e eg p. uig th ri ope he neve ha yl pve bah chnne o agn Hwin th a he hannes no pg d ts s sen me 3

Fr apli otg stg gte hf cyc a sw u ga hr a bd pad oy


21/29

aact elecc a cca uan

(ram nd amt unifl l d ctns m te centsung ccua sua hrge srbutn tern e 10 th ga ak Dung th sng so fs f ste stme hn a bev t t stv bk b th nee n he egie hgedfa

ring) bhrg

r frh n ng th fwng pt hf e, In this osii eame nels g t cpl asm uu unlk h s hn n Fgu ( th ttm hnns d n bt a k ptn m 6 the psii k) Sm steaer hnne ba no ubbanes bme ed n th sbbn utmo dung succss urs of ost a hann ngatv hgese bseved o ra owa h ned t ny bee y nut u sua chg l poie hge fn o ede o th ueb th ltge k n e pe c Durng the pt ngslo ng cg u agan ud neee et

t n ag pa32

DII IQID

Msuen ecr d stibuto n a ecr iqud usngth K f ly mr dt thn th uac g dstbun meun usg t t As th e i tengh s ns h nie omen suing m eroyddyn mon f th ctr iu beme naing innt mp t dmn aas a reltesmp pa cd sstm n thu th e d eton s agned ng t g dcn A blmduatn enues n n n"ie gno ehniue eopd nu h aby h tdmnonal emen

MEASUREMENTS SING

pta msun y n n gu 3 s lghtr HeN 62,8 nm) s surce i ntd y plazd ndent gh b pari and qutw pte wP twmnn esurnt a te ligt bm th epnd o 1 t m b bm pan psnghug h t e n n d len th ndd g bm t s ligt ntn mgs mut ntol ectca w a amng quncy o 50 r cu msumbth tcal n t moln a mpo.

diagrm optl sye wh n ec u,

de bias ght n y mg I yhe tw pl es a s t y and t

ga c , the ei i rn gn nd he

V N 5, Ob 99 9

ast axs th Q s st fxd hl tnsmsn axs he nlyr set t 4 tnn ax h Ps st t a n ng h repe he as as o he QP poua bed oa ps ttn V T to tia pheton stn

o th gt trnsitte m pt

s s h nn-ay i on B nBn(x, y n h ctaly nucd n gn e y = y y + y ()

hee Bn x y s gan h aural rad tbn ltng te pi n n is sty bu b e mecn s tbun n w gss t st e h h-c ffct

Wtot ay mduao the s ght intensit dsbtin yf imge ct t c cr gn a ylo Sin2 (x; +l/ 29wh t mm gh ntens buin o e ent gt n

h fs mpont caed by k

uren n th m n the g ght ntnsy m anayA s h c t tmin to tuti thi monnt , th m xe the ns) n th nititibun lcni ' mg eng mtx

Dung y measmn t ptca h ettn ditn ight is a tent uated b n ln sq u gl eny 12, z uato h ang r) ynnzd e ma si n o d n ltge mf t pefmbh utn wvm o mdut ght innsts smatl shwn n gur

Uq- " _ . _ " _

$ ",;. 36 Anv b " d d.Elcr oulA sqe e age gn th mpu 0V m

g pl p v pt o th tds m hcl multn W th lrc motn nd g innt buns n


22/29

: es o Meug Dcc g sutgs deectd respetvy t h poiv ad niv oduhl cyces r gve as

+x { y) 8 )

f( y)m/} I( )xy) {y)ysi[

- 2(x, y)ml 2 +X )3

e Em i pltude of te t modtn ttds wodmensonl nstnt o h pralel aede oa. he gh ntens sbuo (x y of he drn mbn te bove w mge s cacut as

6I(x y M(x y) si2fx yE) (32)JM (x, y)ox B y] 3

h Mx y) th syem on a ret h system nofmi resting fom dt ght, opti monent ne ectron mr

A q pd olae si wh aid o 20 V ft d appid e prfrm t oia moduao.Te ast x f t is t a 0 lid ih ec d. Whh opt dulati B E he igh nteiri p+ y) d _ x ) oges c rpivlyat he pos n gi oution l e n

8X.y B (y 2+X [ Bm ]I y = (x ) , y

)

4

(35)

iht intens

iy

i y) h dr im

bwn th boe to ms s uad

I y) = ' y, y) y)] B) 6 Mx y Be i amon o h optc hs, mdad u hPks et o th OM. It xa s o om Equatios(17 nd 19 m 016 opi odlato i rfored o dtm u qton the m lo 1M y wic hrteizes se n-mt rtg om th tm ons.

mg y)Fo quaios

36 tde x y s dtred E ) I y sinOm x, ] 2E Usi the boe uato c o ste no-u

sl fro the ndent ih optic mpes the bmpnde nd lns) an camer, s wodeoaly cdM ince o h nfom, tur etaradst-btn e x whch is tt a one t f h bsphrtard bu y s lso n wodimeil

MASMT SLS

ige 37 h d dsttions i toeze md ari ppld v At or ape ath d m

dnar posiive eleod i slightly ger tt

h ei trode Te emnt o te ele ld mgntud nr t t ed is ed e n e arg ssed o otns n te ronzn. Wt eae o the ppeage eldgde th std th O he oy h ed ide narteteletrde s pprsd sti a eti ed disibion s smry o the tric dsi cat the negate omcg e e nege o.

R NN VCRASURN

To mar h rerig vor srbn nd b an -tc d d iq u t he Ker ff indd n sss deci d d to te phoo-elsc efet, hopc ysem bms atvl complcad ae o ght pot It s ery t t h po b g ir a t d r wba ao md The wn ass ow d tor s a rectnl t w an of ih .x


23/29

IE Transaction on Delctc and a nua in

0 V

b 0 V

d 0 igr The eltr fd istbuon nnz, mad

v pd g.s th ntni epnd nl on th bifrn ct

whe csta agl

tensisixi h A a

T mu iri vecr TX, V) y t o gl ad 67.5 e s eal o ths s A of the ayz A A ach g one et ofg t ages, +x , I V y s dted ano ooe of th eo T y, y e.T irc mg y bwn e tw ags y) a

V. N 5, Ocob Pj-h

75' '"

541

gr mpd ch d f pt ytm -n nt

( y cald s y = + y - r ( y = ( y y 41

M(X, y)=(xIo( y sin8M (42)we 8 th at pa phse eto de by e d M , y th y fon whc ta et tnio e

itrbuon

y f h id

t ih

onuom tr 1( x y

t

g m mpons.It t ibun i xerml r rm h o thd mag (x V) J ( V) JDX y a sI, Y= [+ x y- 2O x ycos8M] (43)

a(8M/

From lclad igs f (x y a M ( y) h ym .fry ( y o th mseme sei by lling he ini fuct yr(

_ ( y

y ()

Snce te wo l AR 11 6f he nge f trns s o ayr A e t og stto

2


24/29

Taad Meo fo Mesing Der Cae srbnd o Etin 7)

2 8(x, y) = arcsin[ (x,y) h y ] 2 49)Beus g unctio h a period f 10 te ter n

on 48 rod fuct f

:

i ed o . fh aga o tnt fto is ttd o [0 8 th sx don dtrio a d foai 46) (8 ddg th pot f ! ag as l( , / x 'Y )J arctn

. ; {+o '<

h od rn w ai 50 es80! h oons o and or th a-ax iri dtro nt rfrg o bs bd icto veto hc

t f X nd

+ d d dro n of ith

MSMT gu hws e d rrnn q" :

o dst ito ndd de to t pho-atic ec ide PApa h pt ud s 3 m thck 2 i lg 0 m hh. ndd F d ow ide od t, nd a w 4 g s unfor oadon te nup a m wdh. h tu d tast d a ig d t th hols ft

.) e masurd befingc , (x V) 8 y

plt o The d J; b . a hw h ud tto x oer th hol

am e g 3) sh h bidto dtuti o haued ax t i o g tha h nred dd ra opt rtdtin mditely t lo sh poi Ho t s unpctd t he s ead a o pc dao d ud h ppwt h ae onnr r o oal daon d th ih d tha s d ea f

op dao t c de opo h ppd g t mg fro xn frc T laf h ctne o h mnt a compon h b e nth msr dt d t auld inle l

J a u t i h rd dt o rbh aatd da atr f h nd diton bu aoas th m gal tnc twodmena deio dton a tht o ad d t

3 . COMON CAACTRTICIN TODIMSIONA

MASURMNTSOn n h, a t bl d mlod f th

puo o-menona an b s d frnt tc ct h n e nd h t omo a m thi of non-mt to h a t md oo o ste nomit ad t o chnq r nug sstm rbilty of odiea

mn a dd i Si whl ot a deddt or h rbm o h y nom a dcu h ct 33

SYTEM NON-UNIFORIA wodsa n ut dernt fo a i

meurmt h o giant de the a th hs oo s an a rb wodmnslme T iin or te -dmsnal y n-ufmtn b alz fl

wl oa art t t fhe foow the a l ( d h bem f otl io ( tca o i n a amer o wodmo o o etr m o

o. v or a ialy old indt g o ad h ht si dtti poess Gaus ntfl, nd th dva fo h om distbuto I te oa stu cd dt o th uf of h t op andte a trnmon haactr t of t pen th e! t ibu to e onunm rin t dsbton h ma g arx o cc r huhuu y coabl f an a onuifm sto. Te total ft o t thr s rt o oi whh a cd twodmsia re n oth hnd a slght idulnil r ibon ay x in eh th otcl omo an idu g eor drbi h oondue to t ho i t ough h o no-unim f

not d n t s no-om th or i th mrd tdati do h opc amet y

he bc vet dtbo meaunt i .2 3 h lgh poition i ottd b i eh atato mh [] o a o-bm ep mthd caseo he oato f lgh aato th o y eqilnot o o h f w orpods o lgh oli et bfo or ft h rotai. Conuy th oem ofde ormit s or o -y.


25/29

aas r al s

332 MOD LO D OK-I POCG

Optal ie rom he lse sou, d h elect s fmth tl srs st i memet sstem F

g meauremn senst tnqs f b a md and mpier wee onl sed imm m [83-5]. Hwer fr a wdinn meumen afou ht c mdun w n ible amout of ti h modan s wthn ge mge [10 d huse wmi mthmtl lys u omld ipem eh f qre d muato and ni o prcess eoed fr e wimil measurem a tr u l is th w-dme mtheil [5]

A gudina de Pk ece mde f ys wih nes f mm usd d a sqre ued mdl g ppl a r a ue uled mlon the ocl phe

mdlt be td mhema dmennl um t e f e sle modn hlf le h pl hs ogh mdlaed a h euncy av the w feuncdm nos Dui every mdlon e ue mae + ( d x , y i) dcted eel th ste psi d nie mun hf ces dtedlg imge e then ime lc pocssd ban h mg gn61m ( th mdug fequeny mt The aothm ohe image k res i g a

y) [I+(x, y) L (x ] N= il x 51

whr s he tt umber f ce pcssd he eene pa n be eed h pesin of a h e h thg eon is h qln o ws hi ombnedse eslts n th aae ddtn en of he dfee mgdec t ubequ les.

O-I DIGO OD

h eistn of h 'sem ufmi my so m th tdmson msmt m h n st din I e m em er m ome d defec. h mple o e e m b t mnn o e a nn pa ef d ontmnanatahed he sas f th sm mpnts d/ the l

ufce mos ikly the f of a ntcal plte sml, mybe seansn e t ntanen h defs low olze amsi i d ths he sondg svi Sm f m ee le h SN sgl-o ta the rd ss to une le

O fs ma ue decn (saten) f he dci gh nd mk th mmen nple leld he pndng psn ad us te reun da a hoetons w lse ei abily.

Vo 6 N. O 999

Table 5. X 1(X,y)lox sinem] 8 1" ylox, sinIGC. [2 Em

1(X,y)loxsi[Gm} [2 'P. Y+

su he bii nd bt f h -dimi msmn an l dgs echn i devele basd he mesume nc h cmmon sd dt r o n thoeml dfete s r v

M y > I y) < Y

we M he maimum lg nei dsun n 6x, y gh enst dstutn of h dee nd t eh f he u ulsed modulton c eri Eqon is sd t n h a id the thh ue of i e h f % o he avraf

wi e crie quti 53 s ue fd ebnm defe pston a he defce sos of abrm da both h sm cn x y ad e eemge re fud wh h diagns rte is t sisfi dig wh pi eahf he mume ystem sg die pl ffes my so deded dl ect mum ssem i excd hn dciv o a al wod fund.

SYSM AND NISIFNIS

I h e h h he o f he wdmna nnufom eng fm h m cmnts s m gn

ca dif btwen wodmensol srement nd pmsme The qu pul md f h rdat lw h aa f he feee mg etwee he wmg ted eeey d pst d egte mula half yls he df mg h x y n be xd 54wher M y) s th ste unc d i s uin f the amle and hei nyt expssins in e he maemen nq si difft t efets ae smmed nTle 5

4 YM TO

As a b seen o a 5 tm un M s dtmid b e ufrm pamee h unfm ntnt Io( y f h iidn i nd he mou f pal rao (cel efe sysm r h bd l retrd8X y (K eft yem) 8 (poelas ee m) e-fm am h c f h ms ef at l ee tem f h cl componensn he etty the cames gg sn atx he efun he a nnfm ef o m cmns t t epeime cndn h mesmn sm


26/29

4 aka Meh f Meag iee Chage ibu

and die th nt o h masre m s xasbton pnta dte o th td ma ug tn r qatio o quto 4

342 IRIC UCIO

A o le 5 e nrn fn

s d w e i

ti ppet of te ampl ad levat wth te dmsnalufom o mesue s B n emfuto 1M nd calculan te intnc uct o tsape he o h s nounfrmit s inad odeol!

3 . 5 COAISON ANISCUSSIO

I the Poc ft sym f cto c dco fh as xis of h cs seo d t and lnt helcrc ld ct dson indcd ac cg ditin h eased mount s slr I the Kr efect em o eon bu h

ha na td oth parallpe etod tem r t t dts aged pnca to lte ee, t md mou si a u th ptetc ym o eon 3.. th merd aun s a v

idd in Eqtio (54 meamn ntv i by e fcn x smmrzd bt e oce ect sem nd e pola fet s etit dsrbuon ha s uhgd w th phia a t bmed O th cr K f se a a entv ham ar wh th ecc d dae Eqat an o tu t v my oe tr -unom bcau o e ld dio y hg ccut th de

Alt th t Sto

3.itl wa -

pd fr pos o men rnnc t donnud nna in olid mpl de t te pot, u fot e epctd to empoy e m menh nno cr d distbuo side lrc lqd

ONSIO

THE u o coutc d opc meod ld to pest nd ccu nndeutie en llpopt of deectc ing mr I ftn tha tc-qu comptr cto dvce digial clscop opcs

d ote ld ae en ced sgctl d h p

fn as. e lopmt t cosc d opca mnte gnd mu n n pil dnd int inn e a of gpd dgl ocillop ehghquy loac tue ad wdad ap a gat at te deeopt he cuc mumenehnq ia po n a dces eed ditalcame g-qu op a da pocesg cus, ls? s md pssl o ipr th acacy ad rapdit nt opca sment t t ptd nw cs

l b nrodd otnou n e tc a optl r-t sms d appl o h fd lci tias

AKOWM

Ft o al I wou k o xp m appriaon o th a Jpae hod fs Maui da o rded he Wo L d psd wa n Mr fr higde hg sienic and alo t eidC Ruen H on to dle t eeadmil ctur n 9. I re n m oes D. airk d f osh Moo o te Msas tte o Tnog f appced oopt

Si e no a w dng a uo n nlg til wc cled t meod at ID mn ca w w nered n mehod ppe would le o sow m pcon om cus w of Spe de iq de m

dtls ru Zh Mht nu Techo t n' g o on t on so Soton Tu Mn o X a aotg iit nd wng. Sh f Ke nt so Uo Gt is t adg u o B o Alion og od U.anu hn f ouaon Ma o of Dlt Q Xu of onj r

oud k to pe m tk o y apnse ainst eple spcll D. o o ds posr as K of Nto ole of cog os Mt f aoa Uv nd o da wat t an PhD tt k o, Tshawa Y d ogchag h ad ot ss t ua nt o hlogy o lbaton ho h

prsnt xprs tan t m Kk aad n ae Mh an Yuo fr the ctnous ouamtad pene ou m ok

i oud ke ecod m gud A g ce wou v en d o cmple e peen pp tt s xelt upot

FS

Y i Tk:d, in Sp Ceert of id nulig M n J , Mgazin, l. N 5, p. 704-716 92 aa Y. Z ad e "ogs n Jn of Ectcal d Meam

ellogy fr q Delr E E Mgze, Vl. 2 pp 0 1[3] .Zhn Oc, Eltri' Eectroml suethdli o

F hg a Pla n lr" IEE T I ol.

Len G. Dr J ew "N Pipe r n Pentia! Drbio i Dilti" Py Rv L Vl 8 p 9 77[5 Alui . Dreyfus d J. Lewin, W in l Dis

tribuo Dieleti Rev t. V 1 8 . .Ssr E W Ghutat o r NtruV Lr Min Ce Pr Iri lmr

E rs 2 64-641 ' ee M Ha st Ca laztioe i Plinlelr id (P) F ls y i i Swes Sl Stt omctV . 1 7- 8


27/29

IEEE Transatio on Delct nd Et suan

Mam, Ftmi, Kub,aad a ooke, "MeasurmntfSptialharg o n Thick Dilricig ulsd Elcuti Mehod",I Trans. EI, V 3 o p. 4 1.

] . Yda a Tk "le Ectus hd r mf h cumain lid ilctis" E a Vol. No 2 pp.9 14

10] Mra i ak nd ad "arm f ti and spers i Lw-d Plyne b Plsd E-ai M"s. lEE l. 115-A, N , p

[1 K. ura anka ak Rcv f Acous ial rh ttni ad p in Pld El-sti Mto" T j,Vl UA No 5 p 8-2

[12 M. Mta k T ka "Sce Chge in ik iri trils y ld lecaoic eh" vi. 60, 7, p 1

3 e, K ug a ad kd "Signa Pocesi Higheli A Chag mt Sm E j Vl N ,p 0 1995

[ Meo and Fukag, Hi-rot PE Cha bti Mes Sym EE ns o DI l 3, No 6 7 96

[ St Tnk and Tkada eetf Pizeletrind

h

d

pi wi Mo Epn V 11-

No 4

-22 ] N dac Y Tnaa Td prisn w P thod fr pa Chrg the Ce albra rn Jpn ol 1 4-

7] Takd Ad n Qi Ci bee t PW Mtdd A td o ha Muent in Sld Dilcr IETn V N. p 491 9

[ i d Tk, Expal Oron of hage Taspr a Ii X Plarty Rv j Phys pL Phy, V . 5 p. 12

[9 K Suh, S J. Ha Ji S. N and Takda f itn f th Fot c g E I, . . , pp 0-1

20] D, knT.Ta surmfSar r Atph ted Low-deSy lel A Rprt f IDP 1

[ Tk N H d . u Oamo

"Fct oSa C Gn

eatio iE udDC ErcFid kVm"r CA-7 (o)p 71 [2] e N Hozi H ki m F f Het ace Cg

Grtn XE r D lctr i o 2 ap V11 o. 9 pp 1-2 97

2 Yk, H i kh "ft iue mp dutv n a ratio inlythl", Tr Jn,VoL N 7-7 197. S Mu, Tak Fukm M Ng , K, E Aep- tri Bn n pce rg mt i Ldety te Fi n. E jpa, V 11 o 6 4-9

ua enMe fhe In gDrbutinf an Atiotatc Ds lym EEE Tras o DE o 1 39 9

[] U ill, A Camu, A. Gt

Css C Tokvs

"pc Cr Bv ihlPr yoi f 6 i. onCBD

[) Li Takd, H iya T hg Bev i Mlti Lo nt Plty, J p! h Vl 4 N 4, 220 9.

8] .Tka Ta M e age iit in odetylyy wit age-jt Spri L J hy . D: ppys p 12-29

29 K h J K H N d Lee, tlCha n Poyhlee/he intt mi E n I V 3 N 6 pp 7896.

Vl 6 N. 5, Otb 450] M k T. O M Uu ht f Ft ad

Da Il Carg a ntce wn PE EA r. a, 11 N.7 p 7

] O Myi Y ak n a i ee Itrf hg Plpye Lamna ae DCol"n Vl 1 0 9[2] . o Y k, Tada Crrii matio d e Sp ae i LEA Lit cc n f J90 H

[] K Soki zi M. N . hifji "klke Spage a out letl uo IE an. D Vo p 3 19

] kma M and Koi"set oresurWav t ecilBkw P il a E Ja V 1A 4, 7 19

[ uu, M Naand M i sret oB


28/29

Takada: Mh f Maug Chag Taak H Kitjima, aed, Aali a o o

do urre bas on utno erm Crg Diibuton" IE n. ol. 5 . p. 99 19[J j. Ason, "Ai ud Eleaot Apas fSpace hg

xa Cn ae ih i ld la, . ci. chl. p 17750 .

[] M Koak, S Uda

Tkad d

nk "Tur Ddece ofMoblty

i E-eam Idit PMA" EE Anua Rp f OF p 6-4 99] j m, Te hi, "Ons Thermlly Smtd t i

Polthrslo T. E[ ol N. 3, p. 61 .] hk j. Ki d kd ThalStiultd u il

dcon n thrsuo Tr jp, ol 1 o 4, 6.(] Zag J. Lei, C. Ali n N. Hapn Sac af Dffert bi-

ty: Nol a rsig o j AppL h V 77 N 92.

[5 R Liu, Taka< n aka ul Elt(Ousk Mth o J l N. 1 1-1 167 eda Houmi H Szuk K aima . Hr rata

Wtb Yoia Sa ge asnt i F al 50 DXLP Cb" Trn w ler l 1 o. 1 p. 8 998

8 ok ii > . ra d H. Mut S rg Ditrtio in C Cl s tod wi tEled as J Vo. o. . 66 99B.

[6 Hum T Ot a Ik Sp Cag a Wt e-gdd XLPECle Ini".p Vol. 15-A , . pr 15.

Y Zh J. n, . A nd N o g Colatintw Sp-g Buidp rew i Cl nutio EE Ta oDI, Vl . 3 . , . 783 .

[7] > ui a J Brdal i1 Antopy { o pCarg Dsr HV c f E [SE () pp 994

[7] uzk Y T T> T


29/29

IEEE Transctions on Delrs nd El nsuon

] Kwak H Takd d Vuzai QatfoTechiquL tchrgeIa Pocl fgivaurem Lk mr", EE! l. ( o. p1 19

1] Ksk shim S. zi a T kd C h D-li Mar Osr by Avn c t Tiq

J. Py.V. 76 N 29 411] Kwas, nd T High l nte Masemt

Di n e cks ct an [eock e h D: ApJ h., V 7 p. 462 19

10 Y. Zh, Takd . u, pia urmn hq tyRsd fa Cge tb J D: p hys 28 pp 1-

1103] k Sk , e yi rmn f urCh Disn fr rt h i r y Pok Thnque J P : p Ps., V. 2 p. 82-0

[1] Yzu kad Y In and D T Dy bvon o l-pa u scr i t Ectrtia Pk t E rn. on o o 3 404 6

15] N O'Fler N I Sra d Y Mcid " m h te em refrnge s -lc dlaor ts

cto totk Mn a

t of h cantru n Wasngtn US l p. 21 .

1] M Z M t . Wt c ok ad J r K etoa F ping M n t Be da Plmhlmey o - 9

1 H Sao, Yamgch Yht Taka HgMmety Bf usg ptal Ps Muat wo Fa ,p nl f te Sci Mr fo Rc l. 4 pp3 9

1] M i M aa ka Ni ozw N sda Yamnak Y Iaw an S. N ti oina er- aMatd irfe Mnt i a G Ro Al pc . 3 - 14

Vo. 6 No, 5/ Oob 1 4[0 a hmdT. Yhwa N Uea "odii ii

Mut h he t q"tal neer Vol. 3 pp.10 9

[0 M Tya kd d oi, ri un igh eiBrfgcrem m" ap Jor t

p 2 9] a A Niik t N. io d Tad wdsalin ii m: A The for Ioi h h Rl isp g rn J, . C pp. 2] K a akaa a "Mut Brig Dii

bu u OiPe Mdt a wd ki mpiyste . l 17B p 58187 99

11] m Z k, ui on SNof an ntvty Ipvt 2dil Bgen Vt em rnlEE) ol U8-E, 0 p 1

[11] Zh , a nd . o A ms Mrnteni o i rtn n, lOt Vl 38 1 p -1 19

] Zh, Koya Taka, Mo Os A dienn Me-ur eq o rgce r iibo: Daa ri x-ptin, pld pi V 8 pp. 214 99

6

y,ra

S Ky A Nn f Dihar i

wP

-r J . hys. 5, pp. 06206 1979.

1] K dka . Mka "3 O- S cg opnt ] pPs. V . .

1 M A zm n N. M Bha Eipetr an PlaLgt Cpt 2Propatin flzed Lg u Oc Sysm, r bhi Ame e and pp 6 9.

Thisrvew bad on t W Mml Lcu, g, CEIAH TX O cp 9y

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Acoustic and Optical Methods for Measuring (1)