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Acute Pharyngitis

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Acute Pharyngitis

Definition*:

acute inflammation of pharyngeal

mucosa and submucosa, mostly

invovled in pharyngeal lymphoid tissue.

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Etiology

1. Virus*

2. Bacteria*

3. Invironmental Factors*

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Pathology

Acute inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosal tissue:

Blood vessels dilatation

Inflammatory cells infiltration mucosal swelling*

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Clinical Appearances

◆ Symptoms

1. fever, headache

2 . pharyngeal driness and painess, pain when swallowing

◆ Examination

pharyngeal mucosal congestion, swelling, edema of uvula

and soft palate, enlargement of the lympoid nodules on the

posterior wall of the pharynx , and the glands on each side

of the neck are usually swollen and tender

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Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis

◆ Diagnosis:

history, symptoms, signs (examinations).

◆ Differential Diagnosis:

acute infectious diseases (measles,

scarlet fever,etc.)

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Complications

◆ involved in adjacent organs: otitis media,

sinusitis , and acute respiratory inflammation.

◆ others: acute nephritis, rheumatic fever, and septicemia, etc.

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Treatment

◆ Non general symptoms or light symptoms:

local treatment, such as gargle, lozenge, etc.

◆ severe general symptoms: rest in bed, more

drink, antivirus, antibiotics

◆ Chinese Medicine

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Chronic Pharyngitis

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Chronic Pharyngitis

Definition*:

diffuse inflammation of pharyngeal

mucosa and submucosa, and pharyngeal

lymphoid tissue.

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Etiology

1. Local Factors ： ◆ repeat relapse of acute pharyngitis

◆ affected by adjacent organs ： nose, tonsils.

◆ bad irritants

2. General Factors ： ◆ General chronic diseases: anemia, dyspepsia, lower

respiratory chronic diseases, cardiovascular diseases,

etc.

◆ allergic factors

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Pathology

● Chronic simple pharyngitis: chronic mucosal

congestion, gland hypertrophy, hypersecretion.

● Chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis: mucosal

congestion, pharyngeal lympoid tissue hypertrophy.

● Atrophic pharyngitis and pharyngitis sicca: seldom

seen, etiology is unknown, hyposecretion, mucosa is

thin.

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Clinical Appearances

◆Symptoms

the description given of the symptoms varies

greatly with individuals, no general symptoms,

simple sore throat, a pricking or irritation as of a

foreign body, or an accumulation of mucus

causing a constant necessity to swallow.

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Clinical Appearances

◆ Examination Chronic simple pharyngitis: mucosal congestion, vessels dilitation,

scatted lympoid follicles in pharyngeal posterior wall.

Chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis: mucosa menbrane is thickened and reddened, a degree of edema of uvula may be found, increase in size of lympoid islands in the mucosa of pharyngeal posterior wall.

Atrophic pharyngitis and pharyngitis sicca: mucosa menbrane is thin and pale colour, mucosa is driness, often attached thick secretion.

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history, symptoms, signs

(examinations).

Diagnosis

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Treatment 1. Etiologic therapy: eliminate anything which tends

to prolong the inflammation, altering the patient’s

habits ( food,tobacco, alcohol,etc.) , excises.

2. Local therapy: soothing gargle ,Chinese

Medicines.

3. Target therapy:

hypertropic type of diseases---cautery or

diathermy or laser

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Treatment Efficiency

The therapy is intractable and unsatisfactory

because of a high tendency to recurrence and

relapse.