Advance Design America (VisualDesign) TUTORIAL 3

3D-Building Steel Design

May 2008

© CivilDesign Inc 1995-2008

S T E E L D E S I G N – 3 D B U I L D I N G

CivilDesign Inc 3-1

Tutorial2 example showed the required steps to model a 3D-building and performed a static analysis. This tutorial shows the steps to follow to perform a steel design according to the CAN/CSA-S16-01 Standard.

Design Criteria • Activate the Structure mode, the Member element and select all members.

• Click the Properties icon and activate design criteria on the Member tab of Member Characteristics dialog box. Click OK.

Steel Design

A D A T U T O R I A L 3

3-2 CivilDesign Inc

Steel Specifications We need 2 steel specifications for this design: W shapes for beams and columns a second one for bracings (2L shapes).

Steel Specification Generator The generator is used for generating steel specifications for the design and verification of the structure, using specified shapes.

• Select Structure / Specifications/ Generator - Steel.

This dialog box appears on screen. By default, all shapes are selected along with the design and verification specification. W shapes, equal L and 2EL shapes are selected for the design. In the bottom part of the dialog box, we selected the option that deletes all existing specifications to keep the generated ones only.

S T E E L D E S I G N – 3 D B U I L D I N G

CivilDesign Inc 3-3

• Click OK.

A D A T U T O R I A L 3

3-4 CivilDesign Inc

The Steel Specifications spreadsheet appears on screen.

The section groups and materials included in the Steel Specifications spreadsheet are corresponding to the shape availability. (W shapes are no longer produced in Canada so the USA section group is selected. The corresponding steel grade is also American).

N. B. Section group, type of shapes and material are not required for a verification of the structure.

• Close the spreadsheet.

Custom Section Group Section groups allow selecting shapes that could be used for a design. It can include all types of shapes. The same section group can be assigned to several specifications.

If you prefer using your own group of sections for a design, follow these steps:

• Go to Structure / Specifications / Section Groups.

• Insert a row in the Section Groups spreadsheet and enter a name for the group.

• Double-click the "Selection of sections" cell to open the Shape selection tree. Select the shapes to include in the section group.

• Click OK.

S T E E L D E S I G N – 3 D B U I L D I N G

CivilDesign Inc 3-5

• Close the spreadsheet.

Assign this section group to steel specifications • Select the Steel Specifications spreadsheet (Structure / Specifications /

Steel). Double-click in the "Group of sections" columns and select this group of section for generated specifications.

• Close the spreadsheet.

Design Groups The following design groups are created: Edge beams, Central beams, Corner columns, Intermediate columns, Central columns and Bracings.

To create design groups, select members to group and select the Group Members function in the Structure / Groups menu (short-cut keys [Ctrl]+G).

Corner columns

• Select the Restricted Window selection mode.

• Activate the Member element and select continuous columns at the corner of the building, keeping the [Ctrl] key down while selecting each one.

• Select Structure / Groups / Group or use the short-cut keys [Ctrl]+G.

• Enter the name of the design group and assign the S16-01-Design specification to this group, as shown below.

A D A T U T O R I A L 3

3-6 CivilDesign Inc

• Click OK. The design group is automatically assigned to selected members

on the Steel Design tab of Member Characteristics dialog box.

• Follow the same steps to define other design groups. We assigned the S16 2EL Des005 specification to bracings.

• To edit the names of design groups or to change the assigned specification, select the Steel Design Groups spreadsheet (Structure / Groups / Steel Members).

• To display a design group, select the Attributes tab of View Options

dialog box. Select the Design Group option and select one in the drop-down list.

Steel Design Tab Specifications are already assigned to members through design groups. Other design criteria are specified on the Steel Design tab of Member Characteristics dialog box.

Beams

• Select Edit / Select / Beams. Click the Properties icon to open the Member Characteristics dialog box and select the Steel Design tab.

• Specify a continuous lateral support at the top, as shown below, and a deflection criterion of Lx/360 on the beam strong axis.

S T E E L D E S I G N – 3 D B U I L D I N G

CivilDesign Inc 3-7

• Click OK.

Note: At least one Deflection load combination is required to consider the deflection criterion during the design process.

Analysis and Design

• Click the Analysis and Design icon on the Tools toolbar or select Analysis and Design in the Analysis menu.

• Click the "Analyze" button in the Analysis and Design dialog box to launch the design process. When design is completed, close the dialog box.

A D A T U T O R I A L 3

3-8 CivilDesign Inc

As soon as the design is completed, the Steel Design Results mode is activated.

Graphic Results Member Colored Design Load Rates • Select the Results tab and activate the Design Load option. Select the

"Numerical" option to view the design load rates on the screen.

Disable the display of floor outlines on the Attributes tab (View Options dialog box) to have a better look at displayed colours.

The design is OK.

Legend The Limits tab includes the list of colours and values composing the legend for design loads. You can change colours by clicking on a coloured square. Limit values can be modified also.

• To modify the font and style of displayed legend, click the "Font" button.

S T E E L D E S I G N – 3 D B U I L D I N G

CivilDesign Inc 3-9

Numerical Results and Design Brief Numerical results are provided in the Steel Design Results spreadsheet, which can be opened in many ways:

• Select Results / Structural Design / Steel. All members are part of the spreadsheet.

• Double click a member to consult results for this member only.

• Select a few members and click the Properties icon (or use the [Ctrl] + H shortcut). The spreadsheet includes results for selected members only.

To locate a particular member on the screen, highlight its row in the spreadsheet and close it. The member is highlighted on the screen. You can also select several members in the spreadsheet but rows must be contiguous.

Yellow lines may appear in the spreadsheet. They mean that the design is not OK. It may be the resistance, deflection, or KL/r values. Consult the Results-Resistance column.

Insufficient Resistance If resistance is insufficient, it means that Advance Design America™ have not found a shape that is enough resistant, among the section group. Modify the steel specification by selecting a bigger shape. For example, if a W shape was specified in the steel specification, Advance Design America™ has chosen the biggest available shape of this type in the selected section group. So, specify a

A D A T U T O R I A L 3

3-10 CivilDesign Inc

WWF shape (make sure that this shape is included in the section group), assign this specification to critical members and launch another design.

Steel Design Spreadsheet When consulting numerical results, we recommend using the Sort function in the spreadsheet context menu. Advance Design America allows sorting with a maximum of 5 columns.

Procedure: • Select the spreadsheet (Results / Structural Design / Steel).

• Click any cell, right click, and select the Sort function in the context menu.

• In the Columns dialog box, select the sorting order through column names. Specify an ascending or descending order for the sorting of each column.

• Click OK.

S T E E L D E S I G N – 3 D B U I L D I N G

CivilDesign Inc 3-11

Design Brief Select a member in the spreadsheet (highlight a row) and click the Print

Preview icon to consult the design brief. To directly print it, click this

icon. Look at member 29’s Design Brief.

A D A T U T O R I A L 3

3-12 CivilDesign Inc

Member Internal Forces and Deflections

Select a member and click this icon to open the Internal Forces in Member spreadsheet for critical load combinations.

Load Combination Results Load Combination ULS4_06 Display the deflections and bending moments on strong axis for elements located on axis 2. Compare these results with those obtained from the non-linear static analysis (Tutorial 2).

Deflections - Axis 2:

S T E E L D E S I G N – 3 D B U I L D I N G

CivilDesign Inc 3-13

Bending moments – Axis 2: