ADAPTIVE OPTICS IN EUROPE

AODP 26 April ‘04AODP 26 April ‘04 Adaptive Optics in EuropeAdaptive Optics in Europe 11

ADAPTIVE OPTICS IN EUROPEADAPTIVE OPTICS IN EUROPE

Durham

OPM

Arcetri

ELT Design Study

a Technological tool to help answer next set of Science questions

such as exo-earth biospheres & the nature of dark energy


Adaptive Optics in Europe: fully in the gameAdaptive Optics in Europe: fully in the game

But slow to install NGS/LGS facilities @ 8-mBut slow to install NGS/LGS facilities @ 8-m(Keck (Keck Gemini Gemini Subaru) Subaru)

11stst LGS “civil” Concept & break-even LGS “civil” Concept & break-even (ALFA @ Calar Alto)(ALFA @ Calar Alto)1985 1999

22ndnd common-use SCAO system common-use SCAO system (PUEO @ CFHT)(PUEO @ CFHT) C&H C&H1994

Pyramid WFS Concept developmentPyramid WFS Concept development (AdOpt @ TNG)(AdOpt @ TNG)2001

11stst common-use SCAO system common-use SCAO system ((COME-ONCOME-ON ADONIS @ ADONIS @ ESO 3.6m)ESO 3.6m)19931991

AdOpt 06/09/01 1st light (pyramid sensor)

β Pictoris

June ’99 ALFA 1st lock


Adaptive Optics in Europe: catching upAdaptive Optics in Europe: catching up

Common-user Common-user SCAO/NGSSCAO/NGS @ 4-m@ 4-m (NAOMI @ WHT) (NAOMI @ WHT)

(hopefully) a LGSF operating @ VLT early next year(hopefully) a LGSF operating @ VLT early next year to feed NACO & SINFONIto feed NACO & SINFONI

Rayleigh AO demonstrator @ WHT Rayleigh AO demonstrator @ WHT GLAS facility GLAS facility

NAOMI August ’02 Commissioning

Image

SPIFFI

AO-Module

Common-user Common-user SCAO/NGS SCAO/NGS FacilityFacility @ VLT @ VLT (NACO (NACO ‘02) ‘02) High-sensitivity Visible WFS + IR WFSHigh-sensitivity Visible WFS + IR WFS

NIR AO NIR AO 3D-Spectrometer3D-Spectrometer (SINFONI)(SINFONI) @ VLT ( @ VLT ( June’04) June’04)

Titan(26 Nov. ’02)

Rayleigh AO demonstrator

1st closed loop end April ‘04

WHTWHT

G.C. (R. Genzel et al.)

AODP 26 April ‘04 44Adaptive Optics in EuropeAdaptive Optics in Europe

VLT LGSFVLT LGSF

LCRLCR

Launch TelescopeLaunch Telescope

Provision for 5 Provision for 5 LGSLGS

MPE-PARSECMPE-PARSEC


NIRVANA/LBT NIRVANA/LBT (Fizeau with MCAO)(Fizeau with MCAO) Construction Construction

VLT MUSE AO (WF GL & NF SC in Visible) VLT MUSE AO (WF GL & NF SC in Visible) Design Design

GTC AO (SCAO-NGS GTC AO (SCAO-NGS MCAO-NGS) MCAO-NGS) Design Design

Adaptive Optics in Europe: a full platter aheadAdaptive Optics in Europe: a full platter ahead

Planet Finder @ VLT (XAO) Planet Finder @ VLT (XAO) 2 x phase A Studies 2 x phase A Studies

++ developingdeveloping thethe technologytechnology forfor thethe

EuropeanEuropean ELTELT

(ESO Council green light in Dec. ’03)(ESO Council green light in Dec. ’03)

Mid-high-layer WFS

Ground layer WFS left

constant envelope collimator

Piston mirror

Fringe and flexure tracker

Dichroic wheel Science detector

F20 camera

NIRVANA

Ground layer WFS right

G ~ 30 @ 1.5 Airy radius

NGC 1068 4Q PM CoronographSDI (NACO)D. Rouan et al. (OPM)

G ~ 30 (speckle noise)

L. Close, R. Lenzen, W. BrandnerWFS Calibration

2’ LGS Acquisition

Camera

On-axis IR NGS TT Sensor

Off-axis Vis NGS

TT Sensor

LGS FocusTrombone

VL

T A

DA

PT

ER

4 LGS Wavefront

sensors

VLT M1

M2 + DM

LGSs

Laser LaunchTelescopes

AO

RE

LA

Y O

PT

ICS

MUSESPECTROGRAPH 3’ FOV

MUSE Calibration

1’ -7.5”FOV

MUSE + AO Calibration

PupilPupil

Field

UT AO facility ?


A European AO Roadmap: I- Why?A European AO Roadmap: I- Why?

develop next generation AO facilities for the 8-10 m.develop next generation AO facilities for the 8-10 m.(VLT, LBT, GTC)(VLT, LBT, GTC)

and AO enabling technology for the European ELTand AO enabling technology for the European ELT

fully using their many commonalitiesfully using their many commonalities

within European-wide collaboration programswithin European-wide collaboration programs OPTICON for 1OPTICON for 1stst phase R&D phase R&D (5.75 M (5.75 M€ € EC AO funding)EC AO funding) ELT Design Study for 2ELT Design Study for 2ndnd phase phase (5 M(5 M€ AO € AO requested to EC)requested to EC)

and extensive collaborations with North-Americaand extensive collaborations with North-America(AURA-ESO MOU, ESO-CfAO & more)(AURA-ESO MOU, ESO-CfAO & more)

100m-LayerWFS exp.

Large format, highDensity DMs R&D

1st generation AO& MCAO design

for ELTs

Novel AOconcepts

AO & MCAOsimulations

Algorithms forreconstruction

& control

AO-WPManagement


WHT

LBT

LBT

TNG

WHT

Gemini

CFHT

GTC

AO R&DAO R&D (5 yrs)

~ 3 - 4 M€ / yr (HW + FTE)

Observatories

OPM

CRAL

MPIA

OAP

Arcetri

MPE ESO

NOVA

Durham

IAC

LAOG

Lund

ING

Industries

Cilas

Microgate

ADS

ÖKO

EC-supported pan- European Access to all 4-m class facilities

DIAPM

Institutes

ONERA

TNOICL

LETI

GTC

FCUL NiceLAM

UKATC

ETH

12 Countries (+ possibly Spain in ‘06) direct Access to VLT

AA EuropeanEuropean AOAO Roadmap:Roadmap: II-II- Whom?Whom?


Start 1Start 1stst generation of generation of scalablescalable AO building blocks AO building blocks Laser Guide Star Systems (emitter + projector)Laser Guide Star Systems (emitter + projector) Deformable Mirror Systems (DM + command)Deformable Mirror Systems (DM + command) Visible & IR WFS Systems (detector + controller)Visible & IR WFS Systems (detector + controller) Real-Time Computation Systems (HW & SW)Real-Time Computation Systems (HW & SW) Data Reduction/Analysis Systems (algorithms & DUI)Data Reduction/Analysis Systems (algorithms & DUI)

A European AO Roadmap: III- What?A European AO Roadmap: III- What?

Advance/refine concepts for ELT AO SystemsAdvance/refine concepts for ELT AO Systems

MADMAD

2Q ‘05

Rayleigh AO demonstrator

1st closed loop end April ‘04

WHTWHT

FALCON (OPM)

Objects Objects (Science & Reference Stars)(Science & Reference Stars) picking concepts picking concepts

AO concepts: XAO-GLAO-MCAOsAO concepts: XAO-GLAO-MCAOs Laser concepts: PIGs Laser concepts: PIGs (R. Ragazzoni)(R. Ragazzoni)


AO next generation building blocksAO next generation building blocks

4 LGS; 5 WFS3 DM (1k+ act.)

Piezo DM

412 act.

LDM

RTC

QE: 90%

2562 pixels

0.5 -1.5 kfps

3-1e RON

WFS CCD

15W CW @1583nm

Fiber Laser

LETI-LAOG MOEM

800 µm pitch

smaller, cheaper, more power

more actuators, more stroke

more px, better noise/speed

more/better used Tflops

OPTICON funding + Coll. with AURA & CfAOOPTICON funding + Coll. with AURA & CfAO


ADAPTIVE OPTICS IN EUROPEADAPTIVE OPTICS IN EUROPE

ELPOA

PASS- LLNL

A next generation path to avoid T/T stars

R. Foy et al.

Hyper-TelescopeHyper-Telescope (Labeyrie et al.)(Labeyrie et al.)



Ensure adequate supporting InfrastructuresEnsure adequate supporting Infrastructures

Si-based Intelligence (e.g. simulation farms)Si-based Intelligence (e.g. simulation farms)

C-based Intelligence (trained AO Specialists & Scientists)C-based Intelligence (trained AO Specialists & Scientists)


Sqrt stretchFWHM ~ 5 mas

Sr (K)~ 30%

SIMULATION TOOLS: OWL MCAO in NIRSIMULATION TOOLS: OWL MCAO in NIR

2’ FOV100m - K band

NGS 1

NGS 2

NGS 3Object

Str

ehl (

K)

Time

2 DM (9k act.)3 NGS



Ensure adequate supporting InfrastructureEnsure adequate supporting Infrastructure C-based Intelligence (trained AO Specialists & Scientists)C-based Intelligence (trained AO Specialists & Scientists) Si-based Intelligence (e.g. simulation farms)Si-based Intelligence (e.g. simulation farms) Laboratory benches & test equipmentsLaboratory benches & test equipments


Durham MCAO LabDurham MCAO Lab

2 layer evolving turbulence generator 2 layer evolving turbulence generator based on holographic liquid crystalsbased on holographic liquid crystals2 WFC adaptive optics system based 2 WFC adaptive optics system based on 37-actuator modal LC deviceson 37-actuator modal LC devicesShack Hartman Star Oriented Control Shack Hartman Star Oriented Control LoopLoop~1 Hz open loop bandwidth~1 Hz open loop bandwidth5 artificial guide stars5 artificial guide stars

Time

High DM

Low DMDM Vector

Similar kind of facilities @ MPIA-Heidelberg, OPM, ESO ….



Ensure adequate supporting InfrastructureEnsure adequate supporting Infrastructure C-based Intelligence (trained AO Specialists & ScientistsC-based Intelligence (trained AO Specialists & Scientists)) Si-based Intelligence (e.g. simulation farms)Si-based Intelligence (e.g. simulation farms) Laboratory benches & test equipmentsLaboratory benches & test equipments Site characterization AO instrumentsSite characterization AO instruments

SLODARCn

2(h) profiler

In use @ La Palma since April ‘03MASS-LITE turbulence profiler

Coll. With AURA-CTIOColl. With AURA-CTIO


A European A.O. Roadmap: ConclusionsA European A.O. Roadmap: Conclusions

11stst good news: substantial A.O. resources in Europe good news: substantial A.O. resources in Europe

22ndnd good news: coordinated R&D with good news: coordinated R&D with EC funds EC funds

33rdrd good news: good news: cooperation with North-America cooperation with North-America

A sobering thought: our common “insane” ambitionsA sobering thought: our common “insane” ambitions

a Wish … or a Predictiona Wish … or a Prediction ??

A.O. for ELTs may become a show-slowerA.O. for ELTs may become a show-slower

but will not be a show-stopperbut will not be a show-stopper !!

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ADAPTIVE OPTICS IN EUROPE