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Adaptive Project Framework. A Common Sense Approach to Managing Complexity and Uncertainty. Robert K. Wysocki, Ph.D. VP – Consulting Services Advanced Management Services, Inc. Introduction. Overview. Meet Your Presenter Ground Rules for Today The Agenda. Introduction. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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© Advanced Management Services, Inc. - 2005
Adaptive Project Framework
A Common Sense Approach to Managing Complexity
and Uncertainty
Robert K. Wysocki, Ph.D.VP – Consulting Services
Advanced Management Services, Inc.
2© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
Meet Your Presenter Ground Rules for Today The Agenda
Overview
Introduction
3© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
Introduction
Consultant, trainer, author, publisher 40+ years experience in IS/IT PM Author of 13 books on PM and IS/IT Author of the best seller:
Effective Project Management: Traditional, Adaptive, Extreme, 3rd Edition, Wiley 2003
Developed more than 20 PM courses and numerous variations
Trained over 10,000 project managers
Meet Your Presenter
Robert K. Wysocki Ph.D.
4© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
APF is a work in process Be open minded
Ground Rules for Today
Introduction
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Contemporary Software Project Landscape APF Fundamentals A High-Level Look at the APF Cycles Wrap-Up
The Format of This Course Is…
Introduction
The Agenda
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Contemporary Software Project Landscape
Client Wants vs. Client Needs 10 Reasons Why Projects Fail Project Management Life Cycle Approaches When to Use Each Approach
Overview
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To the traditional project manager every software project looked like a nail and
they had the hammer.
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
It’s time to trade in your hammer
8© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
WANTS
NEEDS
What the client wants is probably not what the client needs. The PM’s job is to make the
client want what they need.
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
Client Wants vs. Client Needs
9© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
Why do you think over 70% of all IS projects fail?
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
This is not a trick question
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Contemporary SW Project Landscape
Source: Standish Group Chronicles 2000
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
10 Reasons Why Projects Fail
Lack of:1. Executive management support2. User involvement3. Experienced project manager4. Clear business objectives5. Minimize scope6. Standard infrastructure7. Firm basic requirements8. Formal methodology9. Reliable estimates10. Skilled staff
APF- mitigated
11© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
One size does not fit all.
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
The project gives us the clue
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What basic approach makes sense for this type of project?
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
But how do I choose?
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GOAL
UNCLEARCLEAR
UNCLEAR
SOLUTION & REQUIREMENTS
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
A simple two-dimensional view
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UNCLEARCLEAR
UNCLEAR
Linear
Extreme
Incremental
Iterative
Adaptive
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
Project Management Life Cycle Approaches
GOAL
SOLUTION & REQUIREMENTS
15© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
UNCLEARCLEAR
UNCLEAR
Linear
Extreme
Incremental
Iterative
Adaptive
UNCERTAINTY IN
CREASES
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
Uncertainty and the Approaches
GOAL
SOLUTION & REQUIREMENTS
16© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
UNCLEARCLEAR
UNCLEAR
Linear
Extreme
Incremental
Iterative
Adaptive
COMPLEXITY INCREASES
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
Complexity and the Approaches
GOAL
SOLUTION & REQUIREMENTS
17© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
UNCLEARCLEAR
UNCLEAR
Linear
Extreme
Incremental
Iterative
Adaptive
RISK IN
CREASES
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
Risk and the Approaches
GOAL
SOLUTION & REQUIREMENTS
18© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
A Selection of Software PM Approaches
Linear Standard Waterfall Rapid Development Waterfall
Incremental Staged Delivery Waterfall Feature Driven Development***
Iterative*** Dynamic Systems Development Method Evolutionary Development Waterfall Rational Unified Process SCRUM
Adaptive*** Adaptive Software Development Adaptive Project Framework
Extreme*** INSPIRE *** a.k.a. Agile Project Management
19© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
When to Use (1 of 2)
Linear Clearly defined goal, solution, and requirements Not many scope change requests Routine and repetitive projects Uses established templates
Incremental Same as linear but delivers business value early and often Some likelihood of scope change requests
Iterative Unstable requirements and functionality Learn by doing and by discovery Similar to production prototypes
20© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
When to Use (2 of 2)
Adaptive Solution not known Highly leveraged by frequent changes New product development and process improvement projects Does not waste time on non-value added work
Extreme Goal and solution not known Critical mission projects Typically for R&D projects
21© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
GOAL
UNCLEARCLEAR
UNCLEAR
SOLUTION & REQUIREMENTS
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
What % would you expect in each quadrant?
22© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
15%
GOAL
UNCLEARCLEAR
UNCLEAR
SOLUTION & REQUIREMENTS
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
What % would you expect in each quadrant?
75%
10%
23© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
UNCLEARCLEAR
UNCLEAR
Linear
Extreme
Incremental
Iterative
ADAPTIVE
Contemporary Software Project Landscape
There was a gap – Adaptive to the Rescue
GOAL
SOLUTION & REQUIREMENTS
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An adaptive project consists of a number of cycles each comprising a sequence of unique, complex, and connected activities that must be completed within fixed time and budget constraints, and deliver maximum business value.
APF Fundamentals
Working Definition of an Adaptive Project
Key words/phrases:• number of cycles • unique• complex• connected activities • fixed time and budget constraints• deliver maximum business value
25© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
APF Fundamentals
Characteristics of APF
Thrives on change rather than avoiding it Adapts traditional and agile processes Based on the principle: learn by doing Meaningfully involves the client Assures maximum business value Squeezes out all non-value added work
26© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
APF Core Values
APF Fundamentals
APF Core Values
Client-focused Client-driven Continuous questioning and introspection Change is progress to a better solution Incremental results early and often Don’t speculate on the future
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A High-Level Look at the APF Cycles
APF Process Flow
DevelopConditions
ofSatisfaction
PrioritizeFunctional
Requirements&
Develop mid-level WBS
PrioritizeScope
Triangle
WriteProject
OverviewStatement
Develop next cyclebuild plan
Schedulecycle build
Build cyclefunctionality
Monitor/adjustcycle build
Conduct qualityreview with client
Review the version results
VERSION SCOPE
CYCLE PLAN
CYCLE BUILD
CLIENT CHECKPOINT
POST-VERSION REVIEW
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APF is a robust approach
A High-Level Look at the APF Cycles
APF is a versatile approach
Prototyping Business justification Business process improvement New product development Research & Development APF can even be used within a linear project!
29© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
APF White Paper
Recommended Reading
The APF white paper authored by Dr. Robert Wysocki can be accessed on the Advanced Management Services (AMS) web site at http://www.amsconsulting.com/ then select "White Papers."
30© Advanced Management Services, Inc. – 2005
Wrap-Up
Thank you for being a great audience!
Robert K. Wysocki, Ph.D.Advanced Management Services, Inc.