ADE Sample Pages Booklet

Sample Pages

Regular pluralsTo be - present simpleTo be - questions, positive, negativeThere is ..., there are ...How many ...Possessive ‘s’ (1)Irregular pluralsQuestions with ‘do’ - present simpleQuestions with ‘does’ - present simpleNegative answersNouns VerbsAdjectivesPresent continuousPresent simple and present continuous The gerund (1) - after verbsCountable and uncountable nounsAdverbsThe gerund (2) - after prepositionsIn�nitive verbsSome and anyPronounsPossessive adjectivesPossessive ‘s’ (2)Comparatives (1)Anything, something, nothingSomeone, anyone, no one

ContractionsPast simpleNegative sentences in past simpleIrregular verbs - past simpleYears, dates and numbersFuture simple - willApostropheComparatives (2)Subject + verb + objectSubject pronounsObject pronounsPossessive pronounsVerb formsIrregular verb formsPresent perfect (1)BeenPresent perfect (2)Present perfect and past simple‘To go’ and ‘to be’ in the present perfectSuperlatives (1)Superlatives (2)Irregular comparatives and superlativesSuperlatives and the present perfectIf (zero and �rst conditional)Present perfect (3)Future intention (going to)Irregular verb forms

The Original

AVALON DIRECT ENGLISHBOOK 1Book 1: Grammar Contents

Thank you for looking at these sample pages from Avalon Direct English, the de�nitive speaking method. We have chosen some pages from the middle of Book 1 that include a few of the grammar points from the list above (highlighted in blue), to show you how they are presented in the Student’s Book.

The four books in the Avalon Direct English series cover all levels of English from beginner to advanced (CEFR A1 - C1), and include comprehensive writing and grammar exercises.

The Student’s Books are fully supported by audio material with every question spoken aloud along with a sample answer, and also teacher’s books containing sample answers to every question and all the written exercise material.

SCHOOL

© Avalon Book Company Ltd., 1999

Unit 554

regular adverbs

adjective adverb

adj. bad adv. badlyadj. quick adv. quicklyadj. slow adv. slowly

We usually use adjectives before a noun.

eg. I like a quick drink after work.

We usually use adverbs after a verb.

eg. The teacher speaks quickly.

Q. What do you eat when you have a quick lunch ?

Q. Do you like dancing to slow music ?

Q. Do you usually speak your language slowly ?

Q. Does a microwave cook food quickly ?

irregular adverbs

adjective adverb

good well

eg. He speaks English well.

Q. Do you speak English well ?

Q. Do you think a microwave cooks food well ?

Q. Do you know him ?

Q. Do you know him/her well ?

Q. Do you know this city well ?

Q. Do you always sleep well ?

v. can negative = cannot / can’t*You can speak your language well. I can’t speak your language well.

I can use a computer. My mother can’t use a computer.

The verb can is irregular - we do not use an ‘s’ for he, she or it.

eg. He can speak 3 different languages.

She can sing very well.

Q. Can you stand on your chair ?

Q. Can you stand on the ceiling ?

Q. Can we eat soup with a fork ?

Q. Can you use a computer ?


Unit 5 55

Q. How many languages can you speak ?

Q. Can you speak English quickly ?

Q. Do you like singing ?

Q. Can you sing well ?

Q. Give me an example of a person who can sing very well.

Q. Ask a question with can.

Q. Can you always understand my questions ?

Q. How long can we keep :

a. milk in the fridge ? b. fruit in a bowl ?

v. to play n. sport n. gamen. football n. cardsn. baseball n. chessn. tennisn. basketball

Q. Do you like sport ?

Q. What is your favourite sport ?

Q. Can you play tennis ?

Q. Can you play it well ?

Q. Is chess an easy game to play ?

Q. Do you ever play cards ?

Q. Do you ever play for money ?

Q. What kind of animals like playing games with people ?

v. to makeWe make a cup of tea with hot water, tea and milk.

They make a lot of computers in America.

Q. What do you use to make a cup of tea ?

Q. What do you use to make a cheese sandwich ?

Q. Which countries make a lot of :

a. films ? b. computers ? c. cameras ?

Q. Do they make cars in your country ?

Q. What kind of cars do they make ?

Q. Can you make a cup of tea with cold water ?

Q. Who usually makes dinner in your house ?


Unit 556

gerund (2) n. preposition

Before, after, in, on, with, without, of, from and for are prepositions.

When there is a verb after a preposition we use the gerund.

eg. I eat breakfast before going to work.

You can’t speak English well without studying.

Q. Can you speak English well without studying ?

Q. Can you eat rice before cooking it ?

Q. Do you ever drink beer before coming to school ?

Q. Can you sleep after drinking a cup of coffee ?

Q. Is it easy to live in a country without knowing the language well ?

prep. up prep. downv. to stand up v. to sit down

Q. Are you standing up or sitting down ?

Q. Do you stand up when you eat ?

Q. Do I sit down when I teach ?

Q. Do you sit down when you have a shower ?

Q. Put your hand up.Q. Can you put it down now.

Q. What is that up there ? - (teacher points)

Q. What is that down there ?- (teacher points)

n. stairs upstairs downstairs

Q. Are there stairs in this school ?

Q. Do flats usually have stairs ?

Q. In a house, which rooms are usually upstairs and which rooms are usually downstairs ?

Q. In a house, is the kitchen usually upstairs or downstairs ?

n. top n. bottomat the top of at the bottom ofThere is a restaurant at the top of the Eiffel Tower.

I usually write my name at the bottom of a letter.

Q. Is there a classroom at the bottom of the stairs in this school ?

Q. When you write a letter, where do you write your address ?

Q. When you write a letter, where do you write your name ?


Unit 5 57

at the moment = now

Q. What are you doing at the moment ?

Q. Where are you living at the moment ?

Q. Are you using a computer at the moment ?

v. to be + adjective adj. happyadj. sad / unhappy

We can use adjectives after the verb to be.

eg. I am happy today.

A cold drink is nice on a hot day.

Q. Are you happy at the moment ?

Q. Quite happy or very happy ?

Q. Do you think hot coffee is nice on a cold day ?

Q. Are you unhappy when you can’t speak to your friends ?

Q. Can you give me an example of a sad film ?

Q. Is it hot or cold today ?

Q. Is this a nice colour ?

adj. hungry adj. thirsty

Q. Are you hungry/thirsty at the moment ?

Q. Are you hungry before eating dinner ?

Q. Are you hungry after eating a big dinner ?

Q. What do you like drinking when you are very thirsty ?

Q. What do you like eating when you are very hungry ?

n. infinitiveTo go, to dance, to speak, and to ask are infinitive verbs.

Q. Give me an example of an infinitive ?*

Q. Give me an example of :

a. an infinitive.

b. the present simple.

c. the present continuous.

d. a gerund.

Sample Pages

Participles, present and pastParticiples as adjectivesMustMust not and don’t have toPhrasal verbsPast continuous (1)Past continuous (2)Zero conditionalFirst ConditionalUncountable nouns (2)Second ConditionalImperativePresent continuous for the futureRe�exive pronounsReported speech

Modal verbs (1)Must and shouldPassive voice (1)Passive voice (2)Modal verbs (2)Modal verbs (3)Wish (1)

Grammar Appendices:Tense reviewIrregular verb forms (complete list)Phrasal verbs (complete list)Articles - general rulesReview of modal verbs

The Original

AVALON DIRECT ENGLISHBOOK 2 Book 2: Grammar Contents

Thank you for looking at these sample pages from Avalon Direct English, the de�nitive speaking method. We have chosen some pages from the middle of Book 2 that include a few of the grammar points from the list above (highlighted in red), to show you how they are presented in the Student’s Book.



SCHOOL


Unit 5 53

uncountable nouns (2)There are some words we use with uncountable nouns to make them countable.eg. Wine is uncountable.

A glass of wine is countable.

bread, meat etc.n. a piece of news, information etc.

paper, wood etc.

Q. How many pieces of bread make a sandwich ?

Q. Give me an interesting piece of information about your country.

Q. When is a piece of paper useful ?

adj. few adj. littleFew and little have the opposite meaning of much and many.We use few with countable nouns and little with uncountable nouns.eg. There are few people who can who can speak five foreign languages.

There is very little milk in the fridge, can you buy some more.

Q. What is the opposite of much and many ?

Q. What is the difference between few and little ?

Q. Give me an example of :a. few. b. little.

NB. We don’t often use few and little.We prefer to use not much, not many or not a loteg. There aren’t many German students here.

I haven’t got much money.I don’t have a lot of time.

a few a littleWe use a few and a little more often than few and little.They have a positive meaning.We use them to say there is enough of something (but not a lot).eg. Q. Will he be lonely in London ?

A. No, he has a few friends there.eg. Q. Do you want milk in your tea ?

A. Yes, a little, please.

Q. Do people usually put a little salt in their food ?

Q. Do you have a few friends at this school ?

Q. Do you sometimes need a little help to answer the question ?

Q. Do you have a few English books at home ?*


Unit 554

v. to apply phr v. to fill in n. occupation = jobn. personal details = information about you n. application formeg. You often have to fill in an application form when you apply for a job.

Q. Have you ever applied for a job in another country ?

Q. Did you have to fill in an application form when you started at this school ?Q. What details did you have to give ?

Q. Give me an example of a well-paid occupation ?

Q. Do you have to fill in a long application form when you apply for university ?

Q. Do you know how to fill in an application form in English ?

exerciseFill in your personal details

Surname: .............................. First name(s): ..............................

Title: ........... Sex: male / female

Date of Birth : .... /.... /.... Age: ...........

Occupation: .......................................

Nationality: .......................................

Address: ..................................................................................................

........................................................ Post Code ........................

Telephone number: Daytime ...................... Evening ........................

v. to imagine n. imaginationTo imagine means to make pictures in your head.Children often have good imaginations.eg. When I was a child I used to imagine being a pop star.

Actors need a good imagination.

Q. What kind of people did you imagine being when you were a child ?

Q. Can you imagine what it is like to be very rich ?

Q. Can you imagine what aliens look like ?

Q. Do you think that children have better imaginations than adults ?

Q. Do you think that television stops us using our imagination ?

Q. Did you use to imagine your toys were real when you were a child ?


Unit 5 55

if (3)2nd conditionalconstruction = if + past simple + would+ infinitiveeg. If I had enough money I would travel all over the world.

We use the second conditional when we imagine something happening now or inthe future.Sometimes we would like it to happen, but we know it probably won’t happen.

If I won the lottery, I would buy an island in the Caribbean.- It probably won’t happen - I am just imagining ...

If I didn’t smoke, I would be more healthy.- But I do smoke - I am just imagining ...

Q. If you won the lottery, what would you buy ?

Q. If you found a wallet full of money, would you keep it ?

Q. If you had an exam tomorrow, would you be very nervous ?

Q. Would you be surprised if aliens came to earth ?

Q. If you had an argument during an interview, do you think you would get the job ?

When we use the verb to be after if, we usually use were for all subjects and not was.eg. If I were rich, I would be happy.

Q. If you were rich, where would you live ?

Q. If you were abroad for a year, would you miss your family and friends?Q. Who would you miss the most ?

Q. If you were an animal, what animal would you like to be ?

Q. If you were very drunk, would you drive home ?

n. artn. painting n. painter v. to paintn. writing n. writer n. novel n. play n. poem

Q. Are you interested in art ?

Q. If you bought a piece of art, what would you buy ?

Q. What do you think the most famous painting in the world is ?

Q. Give me an example of a famous play.

Q. Who is the most famous writer in your country ?


Unit 556

Q. Have you ever written a poem ?

Q. Who painted the Mona Lisa ?

Q. Have you ever painted :a. a picture ? b. a wall ?

Q. Do artists have to have a good imagination ?

n. gallery n. museum n. concert

Q. What is the name of a famous art gallery in your country ?

Q. Is there a museum in your home town ?

Q. Did your school use to organise trips to museums when you were a child ?Q. Were they usually interesting or boring ?

Q. Have you ever been to a pop/rock concert ?

Q. What kind of musical instruments do they play at a classical concert ?

v. to apologise (to someone - for something)v. to be sorry excuse meWe say excuse me before we do something.We say sorry to apologise after we do something wrong.

Q. What would say if you were late for the lesson ?

Q. Do polite people always apologise for doing something wrong ?

Q. Would you apologise to a friend if you lost their book ?Q. What would you say ?

Q. Ask to do these things in a polite way.a. Open the window. b. Go home early.

Q. Have you ever had an argument with your parents ?Q. What did you argue about ?

Q. What kind of people need a good imagination for their work ?

Q. If someone wrote a poem for you, would you think it was romantic ?

Q. If you were an artist, who or what would you paint ?

Q. Do you think art has to be beautiful ?

Sample Pages

Predictions using ‘will’Predictions using ‘going to’ Linking wordsClausesContinuous tenses for temporary situationsPresent perfect continuousTransitive and intransitive verbsProper nounsSu�xesPre�xesModal verbs (3)Modal verbs in the pastPast perfect (1)Will and shallThird conditionalFuture continuousComparatives using ‘as ... as’Past perfect (2) - cause and e�ect

Past simple and past perfectEven ifFuture perfectWish (2)Wish + subject + wouldPerfect continuous tensesPast perfect continuousFuture perfect continuousReported speech (2)Reported questions ‘If’ in reported questions

Grammar Appendices:Irregular verbs (complete list)Phrasal verbs (complete list)ArticlesModal verbs expressing certaintyEmbedded questions

The Original

AVALON DIRECT ENGLISHBOOK 3 Book 3: Grammar Contents

Thank you for looking at these sample pages from Avalon Direct English, the de�nitive speaking method. We have chosen some pages from the middle of Book 3 that include a few of the grammar points from the list above (highlighted in purple), to show you how they are presented in the Student’s Book.



SCHOOL


Unit 6 51

Unit 6

n. term adj. long-term adj. short-termIn Britain, the school and university year is divided into three terms.

Long-term means for a long period of time, and short-term is for a short period of time.

Q. How long is a university term in your country ?

Q. Do you have any long-term plans ?

Q. If you have problems with money, what is the short-term answer ?

adj. certain + that + clause n. certainty + about + noun

If you are certain about something, you are 100% sure about it.

eg. I am certain that Tokyo is the capital of Japan.

I am certain that he is here, I saw him five minutes ago.

Q. What is the capital of your country ?

Q. Are you certain ?

Q. Is there anyone in your house at the moment ?

Q. Are you certain ?

Q. Can we ever be certain what the weather will be like ?

Q. If you practice a lot, is your English certain to improve ?

Q. Is it a certainty that :

a. the sun will rise tomorrow ?

b. I will teach you tomorrow ?

Q. Do you have any habits that irritate other people ?

Q. Have you ever suffered from a severe hangover ?

Q. What positive effects does regular exercise have on your body ?

Q. Do you work better when you have a routine ?

modal verbs (3)Using must and can to express certainty.

We use must and can to say we are certain about something because we have evidence.

i. We use must to say that something is true.

eg. Peter has been off work for a whole week. He must be quite ill.

(ie. I am certain he is quite ill.)

ii. We use cannot or can’t to say that something isn’t true.

eg. Peter can’t be ill because I saw him playing football this morning.


Unit 652

Q. Say something about these sentences using must or can’t.

eg. I haven’t eaten since yesterday evening.You must be really hungry.

i. I stayed up all night last night.

ii. My brother owns a large successful company.

iii. There is smoke coming from the kitchen.

iv. My father is younger than me.

modal verbs in the past - must / can’t

We can use must and can’t to express certainty about the past.

construction: must + have + past participle

can’t + have + past participle

eg. I haven’t got my wallet. I must have left it at home.

You can’t have left your wallet at home because you had it in the restaurant.

Q. Use must have or can’t have to explain these situations.

eg. I ate three pizzas last night.

You must have been very hungry.

i. He slept for twelve hours last night.

ii. I left my bike outside the school but it has gone.

iii. This chicken is raw on the inside.

modal verbs in the past - might

Might + have + past participle expresses possibility instead of certainty.

eg. He is very late. He must have got lost. = I am certain.

He is very late. His car might have broken down. = I am not certain

but it is a possibility.

Q. Say what you think might have caused these situations.

eg. She is crying. She might have hurt herself.

i. He is sneezing. ii. He is late. iii. I can’t find my wallet.

modal verbs in the past - should

When someone did something badly or in the wrong way in the past, we use

should + have + past participle to tell them a better or correct way to do it.

eg. I didn’t understand how to do that exercise.

You should have asked your teacher.

I hurt my back lifting that wardrobe.

You shouldn’t have tried to move it on your own.


Unit 6 53

Q. Tell me what I should or shouldn’t have done in the following stuations.

eg. I am sunburnt. You should have used suntan lotion.

i. I lost £300 at a casino last night.

ii. All my plants have died.

iii. I have to have two bad teeth taken out.

v. to emphasise n. emphasisIf a word or phrase is important we often emphasise it so that the reader or the

listener will pay attention to it.

The easiest way to emphasise something is to say it louder.

eg. I told you to meet me at FOUR o’clock.

(I am angry because you came at five)

Don’t sit THERE.

(That’s the teacher’s chair.)

In written English, we can emphasise words by putting them in :

bold italics CAPITALS or by underlining

Q. Tell me what word or phrase is being emphasised in these sentences.

i. I can’t read Japanese. (But I can speak it.)

ii. You need to buy a ticket before Friday. ( Friday is too late)

There are some particular words that we use for emphasis.

i. still - When we add still to a sentence or clause, it does not change the

meaning but it emphasises that a situation has not changed.

eg. The photocopier is still broken. (It has not been repaired yet.)

ii. only

eg. I’ve only got £10, it’s not enough.

iii. yet

eg. Haven’t you finished yet?

iv. so/such

eg. Thank you for such a lovely present. I like it so much.

adv. just adv. already

v. just - We use just to emphasise that an action happened very recently.

eg. I haven’t read the letter yet because I have just received it.

vi. already - We use already to emphasise that something has happened before now.

eg. I can’t show you the letter because I have already sent it.

We can also use already to show that something has happened suprisingly quickly.

eg. She only started her business two years ago and she is already a millionaire.

Q. Which words have you just studied ?

Q. What have I just done ?*

Q. Has anyone just:a. come into the classroom ? b. had breakfast/lunch ?


Unit 654

Q. Who has just answered a question ?

Q. Can you think of anyone who is already famous even though they are very young ?

Q. Why would someone take an exam again even though they had already passed it ?

Q. What idea am I emphasising when I say :a. I’ve just done it. b. I’ve done it already.

v. to compare conj. whereas conj. whileIf you compare two things, you think about how they are similar or different and

their advantages or disadvantages.

eg. After comparing the two shirts, I bought the red one because I preferred the colour.

We often use whereas/while when we compare two things.

eg. When I compare coffee to wine, I think that coffee is better in the morning

because it helps me to wake up, whereas wine is nicer in the evening

because it makes me feel relaxed.

Q. Compare my shoes with your shoes.A. My shoes are...........whereas...........

Q. Compare your country with England.

Q. If you compare smart shoes to trainers what are their advantages and disadvantages.

Q. If you compare English with your language, what is the biggest difference ?

Q. Compared to the past, do you think people treat each other better or worse ?

v. to control n. control

Q. Can we control the weather ?

Q. Who controls your country ?

Q. In what situations is it hard to control your feelings ?

Q. What is a remote control ?

expressions with controlto be in control to be out of control

to take control to lose control

Q. Who is in control of a trial ?

Q. Do you think that crime is out of control in some cities ?

Q. When did China take control of Hong Kong ? - August, 1997

Q. What might happen if you lost control of a car ?

adj. main adv. mainlyMain means the most important or the biggest.

Q. What is your main reason for learning English ?

Sample Pages

The Original

AVALON DIRECT ENGLISHBOOK 4

Thank you for looking at these sample pages from Avalon Direct English, the de�nitive speaking method. We have chosen some pages from the middle of Book 4 to show you how they are presented in the Student’s Book. The �rst three books of the ADE series cover all the major grammar points that students require so Book 4 focuses more on advanced vocabulary and �uency within the context of that grammar.



SCHOOL

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Avalon Book Company

n. reputation n. celebrity Your reputation is the opinion that people have about you. eg. German cars have a reputation for being well built. Do you find the lives of celebrities interesting ? Give me an example of a celebrity in your country who has a reputation. What kind of reputation ? Which celebrities have a reputation for: a. causing trouble ? b. being paranoid ? c. generosity ? Do you think their reputation is justified ? What could harm a company’s reputation ? Do you think the media sometimes destroys someone’s reputation ? Can you think of anyone who has a reputation that they don’t deserve ?

adj. previous adv. previously Which teacher did you have in your previous lesson ? Do you believe that some people have had previous lives ? Which famous companies in your country were previously owned by the state ? What were these people previously called: a. Marilyn Monroe b. Muhammad Ali

considered believed

to be + said to + verb reported thought known

= people generally think/believe know that … Who is considered to be your country’s greatest ever artist/writer/athlete ? In the past, was the Earth believed to be flat ? What shape is it now known to be ? What kind of food is known to be bad for you ? Was it always believed to be unhealthy ?

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Avalon Book Company

What is the name of the area where planes and boats are reported to have disappeared mysteriously ? Which famous ship sank in 1912 ? Why was it thought to have been impossible ? How are dinosaurs thought to have died out ? Give me an example of someone from history who is considered to have been: a. an evil genius b. a hero Did people realise at the time ? Who is thought to have been responsible for the World Trade Centre attack ? Where is he said to be now ? Who is thought to have been responsible for the shooting of JFK ? What other organisations are said to have been involved ? Has anything ever been proved ?

v. to accuse n. accusation v. to deny We accuse people of breaking laws and rules etc. or doing something wrong. eg. “You’re trying to steal my girlfriend!”

- He accused me of trying to steal his girlfriend. When people think they have been accused of something they didn’t do, they deny it. eg. “Of course I’m not trying to steal her!”

- I denied trying to steal his girlfriend. If you caught me looking through your bag, what would you accuse me of ? Has anyone accused you of: a. lying ? b. being arrogant ? c. being lazy d. trying to steal their girlfriend/boyfriend ? Did you deny the accusation ? Have you ever made a mistake at work and denied it afterwards ? Why should you think carefully before making accusations ? What kind of people are often accused of bribery and corruption ?

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Avalon Book Company

v. to admit expr. I must admit If you admit (to) something, you say that you did it or it was your fault. eg. He admitted taking the money when I accused him. Do people find it difficult to admit to their mistakes ? Has your teacher ever admitted that they couldn’t answer your question ? Admit or deny these accusations:

You stole my pen ! You are just pretending to understand ! You sometimes miss a lesson !

Tell us about one of your faults. I must admit …. v. to insist + that / insist + on + noun/gerund To insist means to say something, or want to do something, very

strongly. People often use insist when there is a disagreement. eg. He insisted that he was right, even though I knew he was

wrong. Do you ever insist that you are right even though you are not sure ? What kind of rules did your parents/school insist on ? What happened if you broke them ? Do you think teachers should insist that students do all their homework ? If you were sold something faulty would you insist on a refund ? What if you were offered a replacement ? When people don’t agree with you, do you try to persuade them or just insist ?

v. to grab v. to grip How would you feel if someone grabbed something out of your hand ? Has anyone ever tried to grab your bag in the street ? Where could you go if you needed to grab a bite to eat ? What kind of things need handles that you can grip easily ?

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Avalon Book Company

Do you need a good grip of English grammar to: a. order food in a restaurant b. explain how something works

v. to take on n. a challenge

If you take on a job or a responsibility you agree to do it, and you believe you can do what is necessary to achieve it. eg. After his parents retired he took on the whole business and ran

it himself. To take on can also mean to employ. Why would a company take on new staff ? Have you ever taken on a big task and then regretted it ? What should you have done instead ? Do you prefer easy, boring work or do you look for a challenge ? What’s the biggest challenge you have ever faced ? What kind of jobs/work/challenges do you feel confident about taking on ?

v. to approach n. approach To approach means to move towards. eg. The car slowed down as it approached the lights. Approach is also used to mean a way of doing something, or a plan. eg. Our funny newspaper adverts didn’t work so we decided to try a more

serious approach. Which animals should be approached cautiously ? Would you be suspicious of someone who approached you in the street to: a. sell you something ? b. get a donation to charity ? c. talk about their religion? Does our approach to teaching English differ from other schools that you have been to ? What are the basic differences ? How do you prepare for an exam ? Do you think that is the best approach ? Have you ever been approached by a religious organisation ?

Documents

ADE Sample Pages Booklet