Adhesive Manufacturing

1997 Economic Census

Manufacturing

Industry Series

1997Issued July 1999

EC97M-3255B

U.S. Department of CommerceEconomics and Statistics Administration

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

The staff of the Manufacturing and Con-struction Division prepared this report.Judy M. Dodds, Assistant Chief for Cen-sus and Related Programs, was respon-sible for the overall planning, manage-ment, and coordination. KennethHansen, Chief, Manufactured DurablesBranch, assisted by Mike Brown, ReneeColey, Raphael Corrado, and MilbrenThomas, Section Chiefs, Michael Zampo-gna, Former Chief, Manufactured Nondu-rables Branch, assisted by Allen Fore-man, Robert Miller, Robert Reinard,and Nat Shelton, Section Chiefs, and TomLee, Robert Rosati, and Tom Flood,Special Assistants, performed the planningand implementation. Stephanie Angel,Brian Appert, Stanis Batton, Carol Bea-sley, Chris Blackburn, Larry Blum-berg, Vera Harris-Bourne, BrendaCampbell, Suzanne Conard, VanceDavis, Mary Ellickson, Matt Gaines,Merry Glascoe, Kay Hanks, KarenHarshbarger, Nancy Higgins, JamesHinckley, Walter Hunter, Jim Jamski,Evelyn Jordan, Robert Lee, John Line-han, Paul Marck, Keith McKenzie,Philippe Morris, Joanna Nguyen, BettyPannell, Joyce Pomeroy, Venita Powell,Cynthia Ramsey, Chris Savage,Aronda Stovall, Sue Sundermann, Tha-nos Theodoropoulos, Dora Thomas,Ann Truffa, Ronanne Vinson, DennethWallace, Tempie Whittington, LisseneWitt, and Mike Yamaner provided pri-mary staff assistance.

Brian Greenberg, Assistant Chief forResearch and Methodology Programs,assisted by Stacey Cole, Chief, Manufac-turing Programs Methodology Branch, andRobert Struble, Section Chief, providedthe mathematical and statistical tech-niques as well as the coverage operations.Jeffrey Dalzell and Cathy Ritenour pro-vided primary staff assistance.

Mendel D. Gayle, Chief, Forms, Publica-tions, and Customer Services Branch,assisted by Julius Smith Jr. and BarutiTaylor, Section Chiefs, performed overallcoordination of the publication process.

Kim Credito, Patrick Duck, ChipMurph, Wanda Sledd, and VeronicaWhite provided primary staff assistance.

The Economic Planning and CoordinationDivision, Lawrence A. Blum, AssistantChief for Collection Activities and ShirinA. Ahmed, Assistant Chief for Post-Collection Processing, assisted by DennisShoemaker, Chief, Post-Collection CensusProcessing Branch, Brandy Yarbrough,Section Chief, Sheila Proudfoot, RichardWilliamson, Andrew W. Hait, and Jenni-fer E. Lins, was responsible for develop-ing the systems and procedures for datacollection, editing, review, correction anddissemination

The staff of the National Processing Center,Judith N. Petty, Chief, performed mailoutpreparation and receipt operations, clericaland analytical review activities, data key-ing, and geocoding review.

The Geography Division staff developedgeographic coding procedures and associ-ated computer programs.

The Economic Statistical Methods and Pro-gramming Division, Charles P. PautlerJr., Chief, developed and coordinated thecomputer processing systems. Martin S.Harahush, Assistant Chief for Quinquen-nial Programs, assisted by Barbara Lam-bert and Christina Arledge were respon-sible for design and implementation of thecomputer systems. Gary T. Sheridan,Chief, Manufacturing and ConstructionBranch, Lori A. Guido and Roy A. Smith,Section Chiefs, supervised the preparationof the computer programs.

Computer Services Division, Debra Will-iams, Chief, performed the computer pro-cessing.

The staff of the Administrative and Cus-tomer Services Division, Walter C. Odom,Chief, performed planning, design, compo-sition, editorial review, and printing plan-ning and procurement for publications,Internet products, and report forms.Cynthia G. Brooks provided publicationcoordination and editing.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Adhesive Manufacturing

1997 Economic Census

Manufacturing

Industry Series

1997Issued July 1999

EC97M-3255B

U.S. Department of CommerceWilliam M. Daley,

SecretaryRobert L. Mallett,

Deputy Secretary

Economicsand Statistics

AdministrationRobert J. Shapiro,Under Secretary for

Economic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAUKenneth Prewitt,

Director

William G. Bostic Jr.,Chief, Manufacturingand Construction Division

ECONOMICS

AND STATISTICS

ADMINISTRATION

Economicsand StatisticsAdministration

Robert J. Shapiro,Under Secretaryfor Economic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Kenneth Prewitt,Director

William G. Barron,Deputy Director

CONTENTS

Introduction to the Economic Census 1.............................Manufacturing 5.................................................

TABLES

1. Industry Statistics on NAICS Basis With Distribution Among1987 SIC~Based Industries: 1997 7.........................

2. Industry Statistics for Selected States: 1997 7.................3. Detailed Statistics by Industry: 1997 8........................4. Industry Statistics by Employment Size: 1997 9................5. Industry Statistics by Industry and Primary Product Class

Specialization: 1997 9.....................................6a. Products Statistics: 1997 and 1992 10.........................6b. Product Class Shipments for Selected States: 1997 and 1992 11.7. Materials Consumed by Kind: 1997 and 1992 12................

APPENDIXES

A. Explanation of Terms A–1.....................................B. NAICS Codes, Titles, and Descriptions B–1......................C. Coverage and Methodology C–1................................D. Geographic Notes ~~........................................E. Metropolitan Areas ~~.......................................F. Footnotes for Products Statistics and Materials Consumed by

Kind ~~...................................................G. Comparability of Product Classes and Product Codes: 1997 to

1992 G–1...................................................

~~ Not applicable for this report.

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES NAICS 325520 iiiU.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Jul. 27, 1999

Introduction to the Economic Census

PURPOSES AND USES OF THE ECONOMIC CENSUS

The economic census is the major source of facts aboutthe structure and functioning of the Nation’s economy. Itprovides essential information for government, business,industry, and the general public. Title 13 of the UnitedStates Code (Sections 131, 191, and 224) directs the Cen-sus Bureau to take the economic census every 5 years,covering years ending in 2 and 7.

The economic census furnishes an important part of theframework for such composite measures as the grossdomestic product estimates, input/output measures, pro-duction and price indexes, and other statistical series thatmeasure short-term changes in economic conditions. Spe-cific uses of economic census data include the following:

• Policymaking agencies of the Federal Government usethe data to monitor economic activity and assess theeffectiveness of policies.

• State and local governments use the data to assessbusiness activities and tax bases within their jurisdic-tions and to develop programs to attract business.

• Trade associations study trends in their own and com-peting industries, which allows them to keep their mem-bers informed of market changes.

• Individual businesses use the data to locate potentialmarkets and to analyze their own production and salesperformance relative to industry or area averages.

ALL-NEW INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATIONS

Data from the 1997 Economic Census are published pri-marily on the basis of the North American Industry Classi-fication System (NAICS), unlike earlier censuses, whichwere published according to the Standard Industrial Classi-fication (SIC) system. NAICS is in the process of beingadopted in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Mosteconomic census reports cover one of the following NAICSsectors:

21 Mining22 Utilities23 Construction31-33 Manufacturing42 Wholesale Trade44-45 Retail Trade48-49 Transportation and Warehousing51 Information

52 Finance and Insurance53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing54 Professional, Scientific, and Technical

Services55 Management of Companies and Enterprises56 Administrative and Support and Waste

Management and Remediation Services61 Educational Services62 Health Care and Social Assistance71 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation72 Accommodation and Foodservices81 Other Services (except Public Administration)

(Not listed above are the Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, andHunting sector (NAICS 11), partially covered by the censusof agriculture conducted by the U.S. Department of Agri-culture, and the Public Administration sector (NAICS 92),covered by the census of governments conducted by theCensus Bureau.)

The 20 NAICS sectors are subdivided into 96 subsectors(three-digit codes), 313 industry groups (four-digit codes),and, as implemented in the United States, 1170 industries(five- and six-digit codes).

RELATIONSHIP TO SIC

While many of the individual NAICS industries corre-spond directly to industries as defined under the SIC sys-tem, most of the higher level groupings do not. Particularcare should be taken in comparing data for retail trade,wholesale trade, and manufacturing, which are sectortitles used in both NAICS and SIC, but cover somewhat dif-ferent groups of industries. The industry definitions dis-cuss the relationships between NAICS and SIC industries.Where changes are significant, it will not be possible toconstruct time series that include data for points bothbefore and after 1997.

For 1997, data for auxiliary establishments (those func-tioning primarily to manage, service, or support the activi-ties of their company’s operating establishments, such asa central administrative office or warehouse) will not beincluded in the sector-specific reports. These data will bepublished separately.

GEOGRAPHIC AREA CODING

Accurate and complete information on the physicallocation of each establishment is required to tabulate thecensus data for the states, metropolitan areas (MAs), coun-ties, parishes, and corporate municipalities including cit-ies, towns, villages, and boroughs. Respondents were

INTRODUCTION 11997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census

required to report their physical location (street address,municipality, county, and state) if it differed from theirmailing address. For establishments not surveyed by mail(and those single-establishment companies that did notprovide acceptable information on physical location), loca-tion information from Internal Revenue Service tax formsis used as a basis for coding.

BASIS OF REPORTING

The economic census is conducted on an establishmentbasis. A company operating at more than one location isrequired to file a separate report for each store, factory,shop, or other location. Each establishment is assigned aseparate industry classification based on its primary activ-ity and not that of its parent company.

DOLLAR VALUES

All dollar values presented are expressed in current dol-lars; i.e., 1997 data are expressed in 1997 dollars, and1992 data, in 1992 dollars. Consequently, when makingcomparisons with prior years, users of the data shouldconsider the changes in prices that have occurred.

All dollar values are shown in thousands of dollars.

AVAILABILITY OF ADDITIONAL DATA

Reports in Print and Electronic Media

All results of the 1997 Economic Census are availableon the Census Bureau Internet site (www.census.gov) andon compact discs (CD-ROM) for sale by the Census Bureau.Unlike previous censuses, only selected highlights arepublished in printed reports. For more information, includ-ing a description of electronic and printed reports beingissued, see the Internet site, or write to U.S. CensusBureau, Washington, DC 20233-8300, or call CustomerServices at 301-457-4100.

Special Tabulations

Special tabulations of data collected in the 1997 Eco-nomic Census may be obtained, depending on availabilityof time and personnel, in electronic or tabular form. Thedata will be summaries subject to the same rules prohibit-ing disclosure of confidential information (including name,address, kind of business, or other data for individualbusiness establishments or companies) that govern theregular publications.

Special tabulations are prepared on a cost basis. Arequest for a cost estimate, as well as exact specificationson the type and format of the data to be provided, shouldbe directed to the Chief of the division named below, U.S.Census Bureau, Washington, DC 20233-8300. To discuss aspecial tabulation before submitting specifications, callthe appropriate division:

Manufacturing and Construction Division 301-457-4673Service Sector Statistics Division 301-457-2668

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

The economic census has been taken as an integratedprogram at 5-year intervals since 1967 and before that for1954, 1958, and 1963. Prior to that time, individual com-ponents of the economic census were taken separately atvarying intervals.

The economic census traces its beginnings to the 1810Decennial Census, when questions on manufacturing wereincluded with those for population. Coverage of economicactivities was expanded for the 1840 Decennial Censusand subsequent censuses to include mining and somecommercial activities. The 1905 Manufactures Census wasthe first time a census was taken apart from the regulardecennial population census. Censuses covering retail andwholesale trade and construction industries were added in1930, as were some covering service trades in 1933. Cen-suses of construction, manufacturing, and the other busi-ness service censuses were suspended during World WarII.

The 1954 Economic Census was the first census to befully integrated: providing comparable census data acrosseconomic sectors, using consistent time periods, con-cepts, definitions, classifications, and reporting units. Itwas the first census to be taken by mail, using lists offirms provided by the administrative records of other Fed-eral agencies. Since 1963, administrative records alsohave been used to provide basic statistics for very smallfirms, reducing or eliminating the need to send them cen-sus questionnaires.

The range of industries covered in the economic cen-suses expanded between 1967 and 1992. The census ofconstruction industries began on a regular basis in 1967,and the scope of service industries, introduced in 1933,was broadened in 1967, 1977, and 1987. While a fewtransportation industries were covered as early as 1963, itwas not until 1992 that the census broadened to includeall of transportation, communications, and utilities. Alsonew for 1992 was coverage of financial, insurance, andreal estate industries. With these additions, the economiccensus and the separate census of governments and cen-sus of agriculture collectively covered roughly 98 percentof all economic activity.

Printed statistical reports from the 1992 and earliercensuses provide historical figures for the study of long-term time series and are available in some large libraries.All of the census reports printed since 1967 are still avail-able for sale on microfiche from the Census Bureau.CD-ROMs issued from the 1987 and 1992 Economic Cen-suses contain databases including nearly all data pub-lished in print, plus additional statistics, such as ZIP Codestatistics, published only on CD-ROM.

2 INTRODUCTION 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census

SOURCES FOR MORE INFORMATION

More information about the scope, coverage, classifica-tion system, data items, and publications for each of theeconomic censuses and related surveys is published in theGuide to the 1997 Economic Census and Related Statisticsat www.census.gov/econguide. More information on themethodology, procedures, and history of the censuses willbe published in the History of the 1997 Economic Censusat www.census.gov/econ/www/history.html.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

The following abbreviations and symbols are used withthe 1997 Economic Census data:

A Standard error of 100 percent or more.D Withheld to avoid disclosing data of individual

companies; data are included in higher leveltotals.

F Exceeds 100 percent because data includeestablishments with payroll exceeding rev-enue.

N Not available or not comparable.Q Revenue not collected at this level of detail for

multiestablishment firms.S Withheld because estimates did not meet

publication standards.

V Represents less than 50 vehicles or .05percent.

X Not applicable.Y Disclosure withheld because of insufficient

coverage of merchandise lines.Z Less than half the unit shown.a 0 to 19 employees.b 20 to 99 employees.c 100 to 249 employees.e 250 to 499 employees.f 500 to 999 employees.g 1,000 to 2,499 employees.h 2,500 to 4,999 employees.i 5,000 to 9,999 employees.j 10,000 to 24,999 employees.k 25,000 to 49,999 employees.l 50,000 to 99,999 employees.m 100,000 employees or more.p 10 to 19 percent estimated.q 20 to 29 percent estimated.r Revised.s Sampling error exceeds 40 percent.nec Not elsewhere classified.nsk Not specified by kind.– Represents zero (page image/print only).(CC) Consolidated city.(IC) Independent city.

INTRODUCTION 31997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census

This page is intentionally blank.

4 INTRODUCTION 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census

Manufacturing

SCOPE

The 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing covers allmanufacturing establishments with one or more paidemployees. Manufacturing is defined as the mechanical,physical, or chemical transformation of materials or sub-stances into new products. The assembly of componentsinto new products is also considered manufacturing,except when it is appropriately classified as construction.

Establishments in the manufacturing sector are oftendescribed as plants, factories, or mills and typically usepower-driven machines and materials-handling equipment.Also included in the manufacturing sector are some estab-lishments that make products by hand, like custom tailorsand the makers of custom draperies. While manufacturerstypically do not sell to the public, some establishmentslike bakeries and candy stores that make products on thepremises may be included.

GENERAL

This report, from the 1997 Economic Census – Manufac-turing, is one of a series of 480 industry reports and 51geographic area reports, each of which provides statisticsfor individual industries or states, respectively. Seven ofthe industry reports are for industries no longer in themanufacturing sector but are included with manufacturingfor the 1997 census year. Also included for this sector areGeneral, Product, and Materials Consumed Summaryreports, a special report on Concentration Ratios in Manu-facturing, and data files on Location of ManufacturingPlants.

Each industry report presents data for a six-digit NorthAmerican Industry Classification System (NAICS) industry.A description of the particular NAICS industry may befound in Appendix B. These reports include such statisticsas number of establishments, employment, payroll, valueadded by manufacture, cost of materials consumed, valueof shipments, capital expenditures, etc. Explanations ofthese and other terms may be found in Appendix A. Theindustry reports also include data for states with 100employees or more in the industry.

State reports, which include the District of Columbia,present similar statistics at the ‘‘all manufacturing’’ levelfor each state and its metropolitan areas (MAs) with 250employees or more, and for counties, consolidated cities,and places with 500 employees or more. The state reportsalso include six-digit NAICS level data for industries with100 employees or more in the state.

The General Summary report contains industry and geo-graphic area statistics summarized in one report. Itincludes higher levels of aggregation than the industryand state reports, as well as revisions to the data madeafter the release of the industry and state reports.

The Products and Materials Consumed reports summa-rize the products and materials data published in theindustry reports. The Product Summary report alsoincludes data from the Current Industrial Reports (CIR) anda special table with data for products that are primary tomore than one industry, which are not in the industryreports.

The Concentration Ratios report publishes data on thepercentage of value of shipments accounted for by the 4-,8-, 20-, and 50-largest companies for each manufacturingindustry. Also shown in this report are Hirschmann-Herfindahl Indexes for each industry.

The Location of Manufacturing data files contain statis-tics on the number of establishments for the three- andsix-digit NAICS industry by state, county, place, and ZIPCode by employment-size of the establishment.

GEOGRAPHIC AREAS COVERED

Statistics at the six-digit NAICS industry level are shownfor states and the District of Columbia in both the stateand industry reports for cells with 100 employees ormore.

The state reports also include data at the ‘‘all manufac-turing’’ level for a variety of geographies that meet theemployment criteria.

Data are available for the metropolitan areas (MAs) with250 employees or more. The term MA is a general termused to encompass all of the specifically defined metro-politan areas. A consolidated metropolitan statistical area(CMSA) is made up of two or more contiguous primarymetropolitan statistical areas (PMSAs) with a combinedpopulation of at least 1 million. A PMSA is a subdivision ofa CMSA that demonstrates very strong internal economicand social links separate from the ties to other portions ofthe CMSA. A metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is an inte-grated economic and social unit with a population of atleast 50,000. An MA is made up of one or more countiesmeeting standards of metropolitan character. In NewEngland, cities and towns, rather than counties, are thecomponent geographic units. Determination of the MAswas made by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)as of June 30, 1997. The population estimates were fromthe 1990 Census of Population or a subsequent special

MANUFACTURING 51997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census

census. When applicable, the make-up of an MA isincluded in Appendix E. Changes to geographical bound-aries are noted in Appendix D.

The state reports include data for counties with 500employees or more. These are the primary divisions ofstates, except in Louisiana where they are called parishesand in Alaska where they are called boroughs and censusareas. Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, and Virginia have oneor more places that are independent of county organiza-tions. These places are treated as counties and places. Thecounties and places are defined as of January 1, 1997.

The state reports include data for places with 500employees or more. Places are typically cities, towns, andvillages. They may be incorporated municipalities, semi-independent municipalities, special economic urban areas(SEUAs), or other place equivalents.

The state reports also include data for consolidated cit-ies with 500 employees or more. Consolidated cities aremade up of separately incorporated municipalities.

COMPARABILITY OF THE 1992 AND 1997 CENSUSES

The adoption of the North American Industry Classifica-tion System (NAICS) has had a major impact on the compa-rability of data between the 1992 and 1997 censuses.Approximately half of the industries in the manufacturingsector of NAICS do not have comparable industries in theStandard Industrial Classification (SIC) system that wasused in the past. If industries are not comparable betweenthe two censuses, historic data are not shown. When appli-cable, Appendix G shows the product class and productcomparability between the two systems.

While most of the change affecting the manufacturingsector was change within the sector, some industries leftmanufacturing and others came into manufacturing.Prominent among those leaving manufacturing are loggingand portions of publishing. Prominent among the indus-tries coming into the manufacturing sector are bakeries,candy stores where candy is made on the premises, cus-tom tailors, makers of custom draperies, and tire retread-ing. Data for the industries coming into manufacturing aswell as those leaving manufacturing are included in themanufacturing industry report series for 1997. However,the state and summary reports only include data forindustries in the NAICS definition of manufacturing.

Another change resulting from the conversion to NAICSis that data for central administrative offices (CAOs) asso-ciated with manufacturing are not included along side the

manufacturing data. This change affects data in the statereports and the general summary.

DISCLOSURE

In accordance with Federal law governing censusreports (Title 13 of the United States Code), no data arepublished that would disclose the operations of an indi-vidual establishment or company. However, the number ofestablishments classified in a specific industry or geogra-phy is not considered a disclosure, and may be releasedeven when other information is withheld.

The disclosure analysis for the industry statistics files isbased on the total value of shipments. When the totalvalue of shipments cannot be shown without disclosinginformation for individual companies, the complete line issuppressed except for capital expenditures. However, thesuppressed data are included in higher-level totals. A sepa-rate disclosure analysis is performed for capital expendi-tures that can be suppressed even though value of ship-ments data are published.

AVAILABILITY OF MORE FREQUENT ECONOMICDATA

The Census Bureau conducts the Annual Survey ofManufactures (ASM) in each of the 4 years between theeconomic censuses. The ASM is a probability-basedsample of approximately 58,000 establishments and col-lects many of the same industry statistics (includingemployment, payroll, value of shipments, etc.) as the eco-nomic census. However, there are selected statistics notincluded in the ASM. Among these are the number of com-panies and establishments, detailed product and materialsdata, and substate geographic data.

In addition to the ASM, the Census Bureau conducts aCurrent Industrial Reports (CIR) program. The CIR pub-lishes detailed product statistics for selected manufactur-ing industries at the U.S. level annually and, in somecases, monthly and/or quarterly. For the 1997 EconomicCensus – Manufacturing, the annual CIR data are includedin the Product Summary report.

The Census Bureau also conducts the monthly Manufac-turers’ Shipments, Inventories, and Orders (M3) program,which publishes detailed statistics for manufacturingindustries at the U.S. level.

6 MANUFACTURING 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census

Table 1. Industry Statistics on NAICS Basis With Distribution Among 1987 SIC ~BasedIndustries: 1997

[NAICS codes appear in bold type. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

NAICSor SICcode

Industry

All employees Production workers

Com~panies1

Allestab~

lish~ments2 Number

Payroll($1,000) Number

Hours(1,000)

Wages($1,000)

Value added bymanufacture

($1,000)

Cost ofmaterials($1,000)

Value ofshipments

($1,000)

Total capitalexpendi~

tures($1,000)

325520 Adhesive mfg 541................. 692 21 737 827 188 12 740 26 497 385 228 3 388 170 3 951 522 7 330 970 240 682289100 Adhesives & sealants N......... 692 21 737 827 188 12 740 26 497 385 228 3 388 170 3 951 522 7 330 970 240 682

1For the census, a company is defined as a business organization consisting of one establishment or more under common ownership or control.2Includes establishments with payroll at any time during the year.

Table 2. Industry Statistics for Selected States: 1997[States that are disclosures or with less than 100 employees are not shown. For explanation of terms, see appendixes. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text]

Industry and geographic area

Allestablishments All employees Production workers

E1 Total

With 20em~

ploy~ees ormore Number

Payroll($1,000) Number

Hours(1,000)

Wages($1,000)

Value added bymanufacture

($1,000)

Cost ofmaterials($1,000)

Value ofshipments

($1,000)

Total capitalexpendi~

tures($1,000)

325520, ADHESIVE MFG

United States 1.............. 692 270 21 737 827 188 12 740 26 497 385 228 3 388 170 3 951 522 7 330 970 240 682

California –.......................... 70 21 1 728 71 151 882 1 704 24 414 261 560 227 250 486 131 10 507Connecticut –........................ 11 6 844 24 924 484 972 9 632 62 348 109 520 172 466 5 828Florida 4............................. 20 6 346 12 333 180 409 5 913 49 802 69 101 116 811 3 897Georgia 1............................ 40 17 880 32 222 540 1 089 15 954 172 040 232 379 404 074 10 726Illinois 1............................. 45 21 1 399 59 477 838 1 791 28 430 301 717 310 537 610 701 22 450

Indiana 2............................ 23 9 788 24 860 529 1 083 13 669 66 311 81 789 147 432 10 115Kansas 1............................ 7 3 129 4 151 95 181 2 752 18 506 18 209 36 881 1 002Kentucky 2........................... 7 6 857 34 080 603 1 428 22 819 172 518 390 019 565 448 17 161Maryland 3........................... 7 4 473 19 369 265 656 10 895 89 986 49 942 140 314 3 434Massachusetts 2..................... 30 10 915 35 120 366 801 12 116 111 245 103 123 211 979 4 265

Michigan 1........................... 32 14 1 540 61 649 917 1 851 30 421 197 013 271 644 469 437 34 747Minnesota 1.......................... 8 3 150 6 615 103 193 3 225 30 703 45 077 75 628 900Missouri 1........................... 18 11 1 463 46 943 1 058 2 404 26 568 226 686 167 650 392 512 11 383New Hampshire –..................... 8 4 309 9 786 160 280 4 963 22 051 33 816 56 263 1 172New Jersey 1........................ 53 22 1 508 63 316 809 1 728 27 318 246 161 295 646 539 755 16 788

New York 2.......................... 29 9 790 30 233 507 1 075 13 006 141 394 121 267 266 318 5 091North Carolina 4...................... 25 7 318 13 952 166 322 4 318 35 591 47 560 83 643 5 404Ohio 1............................... 59 29 2 980 115 055 1 699 3 269 54 032 462 027 501 004 964 003 25 902Oklahoma 1.......................... 7 2 153 3 791 104 208 2 347 21 477 29 925 51 349 804Pennsylvania 2....................... 34 11 820 32 403 455 1 028 14 763 163 118 188 695 353 459 12 644

South Carolina 1...................... 10 4 252 10 191 156 328 4 531 40 022 39 596 79 786 1 855Tennessee 3......................... 11 5 342 14 210 167 382 7 334 57 925 77 440 134 237 2 769Texas 1............................. 47 20 1 080 37 926 618 1 288 15 324 178 271 179 070 355 930 13 883Virginia –............................ 7 3 127 5 070 95 181 2 648 22 739 42 442 61 281 5 499Washington 2........................ 13 3 296 13 467 164 352 5 300 43 123 46 211 89 002 3 583Wisconsin 2.......................... 19 7 424 15 864 237 488 7 182 65 182 100 796 165 793 3 386

* Hawaii has no incorporated places in the sense of functioning governmental units; however, in agreement with Hawaiian law, the Bureau of the Census reports data for census designatedplaces (CDPs) which have been designated as place equivalents. Those CDPs, only for the state of Hawaii, with 2,500 or more population are recognized.

1Some payroll and sales data for small single~establishment companies with up to 20 employees (cutoff varied by industry) were obtained from administrative records of other governmentagencies rather than from census report forms. These data were then used in conjunction with industry averages to estimate statistics for these small establishments. This technique was also used for asmall number of other establishments whose reports were not received at the time data were tabulated. The following symbols are shown where estimated data based on administrative~record dataaccount for 10 percent or more of the figures shown: 1–10 to 19 percent; 2–20 to 29 percent; 3–30 to 39 percent; 4–40 to 49 percent; 5–50 to 59 percent; 6–60 to 69 percent; 7–70 to 79 percent; 8–80 to89 percent; 9–90 percent or more.

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES NAICS 325520 7U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Jul. 27, 1999

Table 3. Detailed Statistics by Industry: 1997[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

Item Value

325520, ADHESIVE MFG

Companies1 number.................................................. 541

All establishments number............................................. 692Establishments with 1 to 19 employees number......................... 422Establishments with 20 to 99 employees number....................... 222Establishments with 100 employees or more number.................... 48

All employees number................................................. 21 737Total compensation2 $1,000............................................ 1 049 264

Annual payroll $1,000................................................ 827 188Total fringe benefits $1,000........................................... 222 076

Production workers, average for year number............................ 12 740Production workers on March 15 number.............................. 12 798Production workers on May 15 number................................ 12 717Production workers on August 15 number.............................. 12 751Production workers on November 15 number........................... 12 694

Production~worker hours 1,000......................................... 26 497Production~worker wages $1,000........................................ 385 228

Total cost of materials $1,000........................................... 3 951 522Cost of materials, parts, containers, etc., consumed $1,000............... 3 572 555Cost of resales $1,000............................................... 240 104Cost of fuels $1,000................................................. 27 889Cost of purchased electricity $1,000................................... 60 628Cost of contract work $1,000......................................... 50 346

Quantity of electricity purchased for heat and power 1,000 kWh............. 914 772Quantity of electricity generated less sold for heat and power 1,000 kWh..... 962

Total value of shipments $1,000........................................ 7 330 970Primary products value of shipments $1,000............................ 6 445 999Secondary products value of shipments $1,000......................... 505 288Total miscellaneous receipts $1,000................................... 379 683

Value of resales $1,000............................................ 364 019Contract receipts $1,000........................................... 10 768Other miscellaneous receipts $1,000................................ 4 896

Primary products specialization ratio percent............................. 92Value of primary products shipments made in all industries $1,000.......... 7 380 688

Value of primary products shipments made in this industry $1,000......... 6 445 999Value of primary products shipments made in otherindustries $1,000................................................... 934 689

Coverage ratio percent................................................ 87

Item Value

325520, ADHESIVE MFGmCon.Value added $1,000................................................... 3 388 170

Total inventories, beginning of year $1,000............................... 654 666Finished goods inventories, beginning of year $1,000.................... 308 358Work~in~process inventories, beginning of year $1,000................... 58 594Materials and supplies inventories, beginning of year $1,000.............. 287 714

Total inventories, end of year $1,000.................................... 678 822Finished goods inventories, end of year $1,000......................... 314 410Work~in~process inventories, end of year $1,000........................ 61 264Materials and supplies inventories, end of year $1,000................... 303 148

Gross book value of total assets at beginning of year $1,000................ 1 970 523Total capital expenditures (new and used) $1,000....................... 240 682

Capital expenditures for buildings and other structures(new and used) $1,000........................................... 53 969

Capital expenditures for machinery and equipment (newand used) $1,000................................................ 186 713

Total retirements2 $1,000............................................ 57 087Gross book value of total assets at end of year $1,000..................... 2 154 118

Total depreciation during year2 $1,000................................... 127 209

Total rental payments2 $1,000.......................................... 39 432Buildings and other structures rental payments2 $1,000.................. 19 966Machinery and equipment rental payments2 $1,000...................... 19 466

Cost of purchased services for the repair of buildings and otherstructures3 $1,000.................................................... 5 597Response coverage ratio4 percent.................................... 68

Cost of purchased services for the repair of machinery andequipment3 $1,000................................................... 25 995Response coverage ratio4 percent.................................... 68

Cost of purchased communications services3 $1,000...................... 8 106Response coverage ratio4 percent.................................... 68

Cost of purchased legal services3 $1,000................................ 2 908Response coverage ratio4 percent.................................... 68

Cost of purchased accounting and bookkeeping services3 $1,000........... 2 680Response coverage ratio4 percent.................................... 68

Cost of purchased advertising services3 $1,000........................... 8 895Response coverage ratio4 percent.................................... 68

Cost of purchased software and other data processingservices3 $1,000..................................................... 9 913Response coverage ratio4 percent.................................... 68

Cost of purchased refuse removal (including hazardous waste)services3 $1,000..................................................... 13 843Response coverage ratio4 percent.................................... 68

1For the census, a company is defined as a business organization consisting of one establishment or more under common ownership or control.2These items are collected in the ASM and estimated for the remaining establishments; therefore, the levels of estimation are higher than for other items in the table.3Based on ASM sample data.4A response coverage ratio is derived for this item by calculating the ratio of the weighted employment (establishment data multiplied by sample weight) for those ASM establishments that

reported to the weighted total employment for all ASM establishments classified in this industry.

Note: The amounts shown for purchased services reflect only those services that establishments purchase from other companies.

8 NAICS 325520 MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIESU.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Jul. 27, 1999

Table 4. Industry Statistics by Employment Size: 1997[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

Employment size class

Allestablishments All employees Production workers

E1 Total

With 20em~

ploy~ees ormore Number

Payroll($1,000) Number

Hours(1,000)

Wages($1,000)

Value added bymanufacture

($1,000)

Cost ofmaterials($1,000)

Value ofshipments

($1,000)

Total capitalexpendi~

tures($1,000)

325520, ADHESIVE MFG

All establishments 1......... 692 270 21 737 827 188 12 740 26 497 385 228 3 388 170 3 951 522 7 330 970 240 682

Establishments with 1 to 4employees 8........................ 194 – 442 13 157 294 504 7 078 52 065 83 435 136 384 4 559

Establishments with 5 to 9employees 5........................ 118 – 802 26 960 478 902 13 132 108 177 156 401 267 025 8 266

Establishments with 10 to 19employees 2........................ 110 – 1 533 54 443 885 1 725 23 525 229 560 297 882 521 768 14 345

Establishments with 20 to 49employees 1........................ 147 147 4 807 181 017 2 868 5 686 81 350 752 869 932 533 1 684 952 53 167

Establishments with 50 to 99employees 2........................ 75 75 5 213 209 768 2 879 6 306 92 788 866 927 1 073 117 1 936 695 61 537

Establishments with 100 to 249employees 1........................ 39 39 5 860 224 383 3 482 7 423 113 851 906 950 852 521 1 761 757 62 787

Establishments with 250 to 499employees –........................ 8 8 D D D D D D D D D

Establishments with 500 to 999employees –........................ 1 1 D D D D D D D D D

Establishments with 1,000 to 2,499employees –........................ – – – – – – – – – – –

Establishments with 2,500 employeesor more –........................... – – – – – – – – – – –

Administrative records2 9.............. 237 – 1 004 26 877 629 1 011 14 535 112 332 175 418 288 999 10 770

1Some payroll and sales data for small single~establishment companies with up to 20 employees (cutoff varied by industry) were obtained from administrative records of other governmentagencies rather than from census report forms. These data were then used in conjunction with industry averages to estimate statistics for these small establishments. This technique was also used for asmall number of other establishments whose reports were not received at the time data were tabulated. The following symbols are shown where estimated data based on administrative~record dataaccount for 10 percent or more of the figures shown: 1–10 to 19 percent; 2–20 to 29 percent; 3–30 to 39 percent; 4–40 to 49 percent; 5–50 to 59 percent; 6–60 to 69 percent; 7–70 to 79 percent; 8–80 to89 percent; 9–90 percent or more.

2Some payroll and sales data for small single~establishment companies with up to 20 employees (cutoff varied by industry) were obtained from administrative records of other governmentagencies rather than from census report forms. These data were then used in conjunction with industry averages to estimate statistics for these small establishments. Data are also included in respectivesize classes shown.

Table 5. Industry Statistics by Industry and Primary Product Class Specialization: 1997[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

NAICSindustry or

productclass code

Industry or primary product class

All employees Production workersAllestab~

lish~ments Number

Payroll($1,000) Number

Hours(1,000)

Wages($1,000)

Value addedby

manufacture($1,000)

Cost ofmaterials($1,000)

Value ofshipments

($1,000)

Total capitalexpendi~

tures($1,000)

325520 Adhesive mfg 692............ 21 737 827 188 12 740 26 497 385 228 3 388 170 3 951 522 7 330 970 240 682

3255201 Natural base glues and adhesives 24... 737 31 792 362 783 10 598 85 762 112 098 197 300 4 9223255204 Synthetic resin and rubber adhesives,

including all types of bonding andlaminating adhesives 232.............. 11 869 476 049 6 747 14 218 217 240 2 097 710 2 220 025 4 298 846 142 107

3255207 Structural sealants (load~bearing) 15.... 1 350 48 129 795 1 757 23 689 170 332 371 287 544 558 19 177325520A Nonstructural caulking compounds

and sealants 90..................... 4 791 175 030 3 034 6 376 87 200 686 296 772 635 1 460 863 47 195

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES NAICS 325520 9U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Jul. 27, 1999

Table 6a. Products Statistics: 1997 and 1992[Includes quantity and value of products of this industry produced by (1) establishments classified in this industry (primary) and (2) establishments classified in other industries (secondary). Transfers ofproducts of this industry from one establishment of a company to another establishment of the same company (interplant transfers) are also included. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, seeintroductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

NAICSproduct

codeProduct

1997 1992

Product shipments Product shipmentsNumber ofcompanies

withshipments

of$100,000

or more

Quantity ofproduction

for allpurposes Quantity

Value($1,000)

Number ofcompanies

withshipments

of$100,000

or more

Quantity ofproduction

for allpurposes Quantity

Value($1,000)

325520 Adhesives and sealants ........ N................... X X 7 380 688 N X X 5 414 552

3255201 Natural base glues and adhesives......... N................... X X 324 534 N X X 191 843

32552011 Natural base glues and adhesives....... N................... X X 290 084 N X X N3255201111 Hide (dry forms) animal glues mil lb....................... 7 X q14.3 17 600 4 X 17.6 15 9703255201121 Flexible, nonwarp, and liquid animal

glues (not glue stock) mil lb............................. 7 X S 56 994 12 X 45.8 26 9733255201131 Protein adhesives, including casein,

blood, fish, soybean, albumen, etc. mil lb................. 9 X S 19 370 8 X 57.8 26 2203255201141 Dextrine vegetable adhesives mil lb....................... 21 X S 48 422 17 X p151.1 56 3453255201151 Starch vegetable adhesives .......... 13................... X X 46 794 13 X X 33 2073255201161 Other natural base glues and

adhesives made from natural gums,shellac, silicates, lacquers, andoleoresinous varnishes ............. 20................... X X 100 904 10 X X 24 951

3255201Y Natural base glues and adhesives, nsk... N................... X X 34 450 N X X N3255201YWV Natural base glues and adhesives, nsk. N................... X X 34 450 N X X 8 177

3255204 Synthetic resin and rubber adhesives,including all types of bonding andlaminating adhesives ................... N................... X X 4 327 861 N X X 3 595 498

32552041 Epoxy adhesives...................... N................... X X 433 804 N X X N3255204111 Epoxy adhesives.................... 55................... X X 433 804 62 X X 249 301

32552042 Rubber and synthetic resin combinations. N................... X X 312 560 N X X N3255204271 Rubber and synthetic resin

combinations mil lb.................................... 25 X S 312 560 37 X 767.6 485 124

32552043 Hot melt adhesives, including polyamide,polyolefin, and other hot melts ......... N................... X X 682 457 N X X N

32552043D1 Hot melt adhesives, includingpolyamide, polyolefin, and other hotmelts mil lb........................................... 44 X S 682 457 52 X 306.4 363 952

32552044 Adhesive films, all types, includingpressure~sensitive structural andnonstructural adhesive films ........... N................... X X 429 224 N X X N

32552044E1 Adhesive films, all types, includingpressure~sensitive structural andnonstructural adhesive films mil lb....................... 21 X S 429 224 19 X N 268 949

32552045 Vinyl type adhesives................... N................... X X 579 294 N X X N3255204541 Polyvinyl acetate adhesives mil lb........................ 51 X q629.2 405 677 N X N N3255204551 Polyvinyl chloride and copolymer

adhesives mil lb....................................... 12 X S 99 793 18 X 53.1 45 1753255204561 Other vinyl polymer type adhesives mil lb.................. 19 X S 73 824 19 X 56.1 36 997

32552046 Other synthetic resin and rubberadhesives ........................... N................... X X 1 725 476 N X X N

3255204621 Phenolics and phenolic derivativeadhesives, including resorcinol mil lb..................... 11 X S 103 899 14 X 1 357.2 212 310

3255204631 Urea and modified urea adhesives mil lb.................. 10 X S 130 020 11 X D D3255204681 Acrylic adhesives mil lb................................. 49 X q410.4 349 152 49 X q262.1 188 8703255204691 Cyanoacrylate adhesives mil lb........................... 11 X 34.9 75 510 11 X 58.0 103 21732552046A1 Polyester adhesives mil lb............................... 11 X S 30 786 9 X 77.1 71 991

32552046B1 Urethane adhesives mil lb............................... 34 X p143.1 209 810 29 X 44.9 68 23432552046C1 Styrenic adhesives mil lb................................ 13 X p216.5 143 669 14 X 237.3 130 39632552046F1 Latex type rubber cement, for sale as

such.............................. 26................... X X 272 843 25 X X 99 17832552046G1 Solvent type rubber cement, for sale as

such.............................. 35................... X X 180 428 37 X X 132 91832552046H1 Other synthetic resin and rubber

adhesives, including cellulose,nitrocellulose, polyamide, anaerobic,etc................................ 42................... X X 229 359 43 X X 214 345

3255204Y Synthetic resin and rubber adhesives,including all types of bonding andlaminating adhesives, nsk ............. N................... X X 165 046 N X X N

3255204YWV Synthetic resin and rubber adhesives,including all types of bonding andlaminating adhesives, nsk ........... N................... X X 165 046 N X X 251 615

3255207 Structural sealants (load~bearing) ......... N................... X X 497 742 N X X 344 092

32552071 Structural sealants (load~bearing) ....... N................... X X 470 267 N X X N3255207111 Synthetic base general performance

structural (load~bearing) sealants(PVAC, butyl, vinyl, acrylic, neoprene,etc.) .............................. 16................... X X 108 034 8 X X 50 703

3255207121 Synthetic base special performancestructural (load~bearing) sealants,including polysulfide, silicone, epoxy,urethane, etc. mil lb.................................... 20 X S 321 259 17 X 149.2 263 890

3255207131 Synthetic base structural (load~bearing)sealant preformed tapes (butyl,polybutene, polyisobutylene, etc.) .... 3................... X X 40 974 2 X X D

3255207Y Structural sealants (load~bearing), nsk ... N................... X X 27 475 N X X N3255207YWV Structural sealants (load~bearing), nsk . N................... X X 27 475 N X X D

10 NAICS 325520 MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIESU.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Jul. 27, 1999

Table 6a. Products Statistics: 1997 and 1992 mCon.[Includes quantity and value of products of this industry produced by (1) establishments classified in this industry (primary) and (2) establishments classified in other industries (secondary). Transfers ofproducts of this industry from one establishment of a company to another establishment of the same company (interplant transfers) are also included. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, seeintroductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

NAICSproduct

codeProduct

1997 1992

Product shipments Product shipmentsNumber ofcompanies

withshipments

of$100,000

or more

Quantity ofproduction

for allpurposes Quantity

Value($1,000)

Number ofcompanies

withshipments

of$100,000

or more

Quantity ofproduction

for allpurposes Quantity

Value($1,000)

325520 Adhesives and sealants mCon.

325520A Nonstructural caulking compounds andsealants .............................. N................... X X 1 421 143 N X X 863 269

325520A1 Nonstructural caulking compounds andsealants ............................ N................... X X 1 403 830 N X X N

325520A111 Natural base nonstructural (nonload~bearing) caulks, modified andunmodified oil base................. 21................... X X 77 317 19 X X 38 228

325520A121 Natural bituminous base (coal tar orasphalt) nonstructural (nonload~bearing) caulking compounds andsealants .......................... 18................... X X 63 881 15 X X 31 005

325520A131 Synthetic base nonstructural (nonload~bearing) general performancesealants (PVAC, butyl, vinyl, acrylic,neoprene, etc.) mil lb.................................. 57 X S 722 577 51 X 489.6 382 471

325520A141 Synthetic base nonstructural (nonload~bearing) special performancesealants, including polysulfide, silcone,epoxy, urethane, etc. mil lb............................. 44 X S 484 239 33 X p171.8 265 844

325520A151 Synthetic base nonstructural (nonload~bearing) sealant preformed tapes(butyl, polybutene, polyisobutylene,etc.) .............................. 11................... X X 55 816 16 X X 121 675

325520AY Nonstructural caulking compounds andsealants, nsk ........................ N................... X X 17 313 N X X N

325520AYWV Nonstructural caulking compounds andsealants, nsk ...................... N................... X X 17 313 N X X 24 046

325520W Adhesives and sealants, nsk, total......... N................... X X 809 408 N X X 419 850

325520WY Adhesives and sealants, nsk, total....... N................... X X 809 408 N X X N325520WYWW Adhesives and sealants, nsk, for

nonadministrative~recordestablishments..................... N................... X X 541 016 N X X 339 781

325520WYWY Adhesives and sealants, nsk, foradministrative~record establishments . N................... X X 268 392 N X X 80 069

# Additional information is available for this item; see Appendix F.@ Additional data are available for this item in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) series; see Appendix F for the CIR survey number and title.$ This product is primary to more than one industry; see Appendix F for a listing of the related product codes.

Note: For some establishments, data have been estimated from central unit values which are based on quantity~value relationships of reported data. The following symbols are used whenpercentage of each quantity figure estimated in this manner equals or exceeds 10 percent of published figure: p 10 to 19 percent estimated; q 20 to 29 percent estimated. If 30 percent or more isestimated, figure is replaced by S.

Table 6b. Product Class Shipments for Selected States: 1997 and 1992[Product classes covered are those that are economically significant and whose production is geographically dispersed, provided dispersion is not approximated by data in Table 2. Also, product classesare not shown if they are miscellaneous or "not specified by kind" classes. Statistics for some states are withheld because they are either less than $2 million in product class shipments or they disclosedata for individual companies in 1997. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanations of terms, see appendixes]

NAICSproduct class

codeProduct class and geographic area

Value of product shipments($1,000)

1997 1992

3255201 NATURAL BASE GLUES AND ADHESIVESUnited States 324 534............................................................................. 191 843

California 16 968........................................................................................ 17 471 Georgia 22 252......................................................................................... 16 886 Illinois 18 344........................................................................................... 34 007 Massachusetts 24 773................................................................................... N New Jersey 51 193...................................................................................... 7 496

New York 20 050........................................................................................ 25 784 North Carolina 16 373.................................................................................... 23 544 Ohio 27 056............................................................................................ 9 116 Pennsylvania 13 581..................................................................................... N Tennessee 8 846....................................................................................... 3 759 Texas 8 442........................................................................................... 5 424

3255204 SYNTHETIC RESIN AND RUBBER ADHESIVES, INCLUDING ALL TYPES OF BONDINGAND LAMINATING ADHESIVES

United States 4 327 861............................................................................. 3 595 498

California 280 535........................................................................................ 263 507 Connecticut 115 154...................................................................................... 125 281 Florida 27 546.......................................................................................... 15 570 Georgia 229 379......................................................................................... 187 306 Illinois 517 177........................................................................................... 419 815

Indiana 47 708.......................................................................................... 43 743 Kentucky 140 093........................................................................................ 134 934 Maryland 67 758........................................................................................ 61 066 Massachusetts 172 637................................................................................... 90 294 Michigan 286 359........................................................................................ 154 729

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES NAICS 325520 11U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Jul. 27, 1999

Table 6b. Product Class Shipments for Selected States: 1997 and 1992 mCon.[Product classes covered are those that are economically significant and whose production is geographically dispersed, provided dispersion is not approximated by data in Table 2. Also, product classesare not shown if they are miscellaneous or "not specified by kind" classes. Statistics for some states are withheld because they are either less than $2 million in product class shipments or they disclosedata for individual companies in 1997. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanations of terms, see appendixes]

NAICSproduct class

codeProduct class and geographic area

Value of product shipments($1,000)

1997 1992

3255204 SYNTHETIC RESIN AND RUBBER ADHESIVES, INCLUDING ALL TYPES OF BONDINGAND LAMINATING ADHESIVES mCon.

New Hampshire 29 412.................................................................................. 26 792 New Jersey 224 683...................................................................................... 216 652 New York 163 469........................................................................................ 133 787 North Carolina 15 451.................................................................................... 120 254 Ohio 540 000............................................................................................ 493 822

Pennsylvania 232 146..................................................................................... 162 612 Rhode Island 8 481..................................................................................... N South Carolina 102 519................................................................................... 83 756 Tennessee 92 605....................................................................................... 57 830 Texas 178 948........................................................................................... 112 065 Virginia 67 469.......................................................................................... 28 987 Wisconsin 93 377....................................................................................... 57 346

3255207 STRUCTURAL SEALANTS (LOAD ~BEARING)

United States 497 742............................................................................. 344 092

Kentucky 305 931........................................................................................ N Michigan 59 331........................................................................................ N Missouri 25 569......................................................................................... N

325520A NONSTRUCTURAL CAULKING COMPOUNDS AND SEALANTS

United States 1 421 143............................................................................. 863 269

Arizona 2 744.......................................................................................... N California 119 885........................................................................................ 73 480 Georgia 89 010......................................................................................... 41 999 Illinois 45 230........................................................................................... 18 313 Indiana 28 437.......................................................................................... 20 079

Kansas 21 889.......................................................................................... N Massachusetts 13 787................................................................................... 6 481 Michigan 97 485........................................................................................ 52 789 Minnesota 15 879....................................................................................... 38 345 Missouri 142 360......................................................................................... 117 762

New Jersey 176 301...................................................................................... 79 595 Ohio 250 598............................................................................................ 131 236 Oklahoma 84 982....................................................................................... N Pennsylvania 82 317..................................................................................... 54 701 Texas 77 869........................................................................................... 39 885 Wisconsin 43 344....................................................................................... N

# Additional information is available for this item; see Appendix F.@ Additional data are available for this item in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) series; see Appendix F for the CIR survey number and title.$ This product is primary to more than one industry; see Appendix F for a listing of the related product codes.

Table 7. Materials Consumed by Kind: 1997 and 1992[Includes quantity and cost of materials consumed or put into production by establishments classified only in this industry. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanationof terms, see appendixes]

NAICSmaterial

codeMaterial consumed

1997 1992

QuantityDelivered cost

($1,000) QuantityDelivered cost

($1,000)

325520 ADHESIVE MFG

32521135 Polyvinyl acetate resins purchased from other establishments mil lb........................... q361.4 181 255 360.8 112 07132521109 All other plastics resins purchased from other establishments mil lb............................ q352.1 269 794 569.6 251 31132521205 Synthetic rubber mil lb................................................................... S 208 014 203.5 171 94331122115 Starch and dextrin mil lb................................................................. S 43 250 104.2 23 94632510095 Industrial organic chemicals, n.e.c., including synthetic organic ............ X................... 676 771 X 641 589

325000A3 Industrial inorganic chemicals ......................................... X................... 323 612 X 112 94232410015 Refined petroleum products, including mineral oil, naphtha solvents,

petrolatum, waxes, etc. .............................................. X................... 238 543 X 227 67221230003 Nonmetalic minerals and earths, ground or otherwise treated, used as

extenders and fillers................................................. X................... 118 475 X 204 79432610029 Plastics containers ................................................... X................... 113 939 X 60 48833240000 Metal containers ..................................................... X................... 124 185 X 77 599

32220003 Paper and paperboard boxes and fiber cans, tubes and drums ............ X................... 196 142 X 86 61700970099 All other materials and components, parts, containers, and supplies ........ X................... 404 286 X 295 59200971000 Materials, ingredients, containers, and supplies, n.s.k. .................... X................... 674 289 X 391 125

# Additional information is available for this item; see Appendix F.

Note: For some establishments, data have been estimated from central unit values which are based on quantity~value relationships of reported data. The following symbols are used whenpercentage of each quantity figure estimated in this manner equals or exceeds 10 percent of published figure: p 10 to 19 percent estimated; q 20 to 29 percent estimated. If 30 percent or more isestimated, figure is replaced by S.

12 NAICS 325520 MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIESU.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Jul. 27, 1999

Appendix A.Explanation of Terms

BEGINNING- AND END-OF-YEAR INVENTORIES

Respondents were asked to report their beginning-of-year and end-of-year inventories at cost or market. Effec-tive with the 1982 Economic Census, this change to a uni-form instruction for reporting inventories was introducedfor all sector reports. Prior to 1982, respondents were per-mitted to value inventories using any generally acceptedaccounting method (FIFO, LIFO, market, to name a few).Beginning in 1982, LIFO users were asked to first reportinventory values prior to the LIFO adjustment and then toreport the LIFO reserve and the LIFO value after adjust-ment for the reserve.

Inventory Data by Stage of Fabrication

Total inventories and three detailed components (1) fin-ished goods, (2) work-in-process, and (3) materials, sup-plies, fuels, etc., were collected.

When using inventory data by stage of fabrication for‘‘all industries’’ and at the three-digit subsector level, itshould be noted that an item treated as a finished productby an establishment in one industry may be reported as araw material by an establishment in a different industry.For example, the finished-product inventories of a steelmill would be reported as raw materials by a stampingplant. Such differences are present in the inventory figuresby stage of fabrication shown for all publication levels.

COST OF MATERIALS

This term refers to direct charges actually paid or pay-able for items consumed or put into production during theyear, including freight charges and other direct chargesincurred by the establishment in acquiring these materials.It includes the cost of materials or fuel consumed,whether purchased by the individual establishment fromother companies, transferred to it from other establish-ments of the same company, or withdrawn from inventoryduring the year.

Included in this item are:

1. Cost of parts, components, containers, etc.—Includesall raw materials, semifinished goods, parts, contain-ers, scrap, and supplies put into production or used asoperating supplies and for repair and maintenanceduring the year.

2. Cost of products bought and sold in the same condi-tion.

3. Cost of fuels consumed for heat and power—Includesthe cost of materials or fuel consumed, whether pur-chased by the individual establishment from othercompanies, transferred to it from other establishmentsof the same company, or withdrawn from inventoryduring the year.

4. Cost of purchased electricity—The cost of purchasedelectric energy represents the amount actually usedduring the year for heat and power. In addition, infor-mation was collected on the quantity of electricenergy generated by the establishment and the quan-tity of electric energy sold or transferred to otherplants of the same company.

5. Cost of contract work—This term applies to workdone by others on materials furnished by the manu-facturing establishment. The actual cost of the mate-rial is to be reported on the cost of materials, parts,and containers line of this item. The term ‘‘ContractWork’’ refers to the fee a company pays to anothercompany to perform a service.

Specific Materials Consumed

In addition to the total cost of materials, which everyestablishment was required to report, information alsowas collected for most manufacturing industries on theconsumption of major materials used in manufacturing.The inquiries were restricted to those materials whichwere important parts of the cost of production in a par-ticular industry and for which cost information was avail-able from manufacturers’ records. If less than $25,000 ofa listed material was consumed by an establishment, thecost data could be reported in the ‘‘Cost of all other mate-rials...,’’ Census material code 00970099. Also, the cost ofmaterials for small establishments for which administra-tive records or short forms were used was imputed intothe ‘‘Materials not specified by kind,’’ Census materialscode 00971000.

Duplication in Cost of Materials and Value ofShipment

The aggregate of the cost of materials and value ofshipments figures for industry groups and for all manufac-turing industries includes large amounts of duplicationsince the products of some industries are used as materi-als by others. This duplication results, in part, from theaddition of related industries representing successive

APPENDIX A A–11997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census

stages in the production of a finished manufactured prod-uct. Examples are the addition of flour mills to bakeries inthe food group and the addition of pulp mills to papermills in the paper and allied products group of industries.Estimates of the overall extent of this duplication indicatethat the value of manufactured products exclusive of suchduplication (the value of finished manufactures) tends toapproximate two-thirds of the total value of productsreported in the survey.

Duplication of products within individual industries issignificant within a number of industry groups, e.g.,machinery and transportation industries. These industriesfrequently include complete machinery and their parts. Inthis case, the parts made for original equipment are mate-rials consumed for assembly plants in the same industry.

Even when no significant amount of duplication isinvolved, value of shipments figures are deficient as mea-sures of the relative economic importance of individualmanufacturing industries or geographic areas because ofthe wide variation in ratio of materials, labor, and otherprocessing costs of value of shipments, both amongindustries and within the same industry.

Before 1962, cost of materials and value of shipmentswere not published for some industries which includedconsiderable duplication. Since then, these data have beenpublished for all industries at the U.S. level and beginningin 1964, for all geographic levels.

COST OF PURCHASED SERVICES

Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) establishmentswere requested to provide information on the cost of pur-chased services for the repair of buildings and other struc-tures, the repair of machinery, communication services,legal services, accounting and bookkeeping services,advertising, software and other data processing services,and refuse removal. Each of these items reflects the costspaid directly by the establishment and excludes salariespaid to employees of the establishment for these services.

Included in the cost of purchased services for the repairof buildings and machinery are payments made for allmaintenance and repair work on buildings and equipment.Payments made to other establishments of the same com-pany and for repair and maintenance of any leased prop-erty also are included. Extensive repairs or reconstructionthat was capitalized is considered capital expendituresand is, therefore, excluded from this item. Repair andmaintenance costs provided by an owner as part of arental contract or incurred directly by an establishment inusing its own work force also are excluded.

Included in the cost of purchased advertising servicesare payments for printing, media coverage, and otheradvertising services and materials.

Included in the cost of purchased software and otherdata processing services are all purchases by the estab-lishment from other companies. Excluded are services pro-vided by other establishments of the same company (suchas by a separate data processing unit).

Included in the cost of purchased refuse removal ser-vices are all costs of refuse removal services paid by theestablishment, including costs for hazardous wasteremoval or treatment. Excluded are all costs included inrental payments or as capital expenditures.

Response Coverage Ratio

A response coverage ratio is a measure of the extent towhich respondents report for an item. The estimate ismade by calculating the ratio value of the weighted totalemployment data for all the ASM establishments thatreport the item to the weighted total employment data forall ASM establishments classified in an industry (reportersand non-reporters).

DEPRECIATION CHARGES FOR FIXED ASSETS

This item includes depreciation and amortizationcharged during the year against assets. Depreciationcharged against fixed assets acquired since the beginningof the year and against assets sold or retired during theyear are components of this category. Respondents wererequested to make certain that they did not report accu-mulated depreciation.

EMPLOYEES

This item includes all full-time and part-time employeeson the payrolls of operating manufacturing establishmentsduring any part of the pay period which included the 12thof the months specified on the report form. Included areall persons on paid sick leave, paid holidays, and paidvacations during these pay periods. Officers of corpora-tions are included as employees; proprietors and partnersof unincorporated firms are excluded. The ‘‘all employees’’number is the average number of production workers plusthe number of other employees in mid-March. The numberof production workers is the average for the payroll peri-ods including the 12th of March, May, August, and Novem-ber.

Production Workers

This item includes workers (up through the line-supervisor level) engaged in fabricating, processing,assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, pack-ing, warehousing, shipping (but not delivering), mainte-nance, repair, janitorial and guard services, product devel-opment, auxiliary production for plant’s own use (e.g.,power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closelyassociated with these production operations at the estab-lishment covered by the report. Employees above theworking-supervisor level are excluded from this item.

All Other Employees

This item covers nonproduction employees of themanufacturing establishment including those engaged infactory supervision above the line-supervisor level. It

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includes sales (including driver-salespersons), sales deliv-ery (highway truck drivers and their helpers), advertising,credit, collection, installation and servicing of own prod-ucts, clerical and routine office functions, executive, pur-chasing, financing, legal, personnel (including cafeteria,medical, etc.), professional, and technical employees. Alsoincluded are employees on the payroll of the manufactur-ing establishment engaged in the construction of majoradditions or alterations utilized as a separate work force.

FRINGE BENEFITS

Fringe benefits are divided into legally required expen-ditures and payments for voluntary programs. The legallyrequired portion consists primarily of Federal old age andsurvivors’ insurance, unemployment compensation, andworkers’ compensation. Payments for voluntary programsinclude all programs not specifically required by legisla-tion whether they were employer initiated or the result ofcollective bargaining. They include the employer portionof such plans as insurance premiums, premiums forsupplemental accident and sickness insurance, pensionplans, supplemental unemployment compensation, wel-fare plans, stock purchase plans on which the employerpayment is not subject to withholding tax, and deferredprofit-sharing plans. They exclude such items as company-operated cafeterias, in-plant medical services, free parkinglots, discounts on employee purchases, and uniforms andwork clothing for employees.

GROSS BOOK VALUE OF DEPRECIABLE ASSETS ATBEGINNING OF YEAR (BOY) AND END OF YEAR (EOY)

Total value of depreciable assets is collected on all cen-sus forms. It shows the value of depreciable assets for thebeginning of year and end of year. The data encompass allfixed depreciable assets on the books of establishments.The values shown (book value) represent the actual costof assets at the time they were acquired, including allcosts incurred in making the assets usable (such as trans-portation and installation). Included are all buildings,structures, machinery, and equipment (production, office,and transportation equipment) for which depreciationreserves are maintained. Excluded are nondepreciablecapital assets including inventories and intangible assets,such as timber and mineral rights.

The definition of fixed depreciable assets is consistentwith the definition of capital expenditures. For example,expenditures include actual capital outlays during the yearrather than the final value of equipment put in place andbuildings completed during the year. Accordingly, thevalue of assets at the end of the year includes the value ofconstruction in progress.

In addition, respondents were requested to make cer-tain that assets at the beginning of the year plus capitalexpenditures, less retirements, equaled assets at the endof the year.

NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS AND COMPANIES

A separate report was required for each manufacturingestablishment (plant) with one employee or more. Anestablishment is defined as a single physical locationwhere manufacturing is performed. A company, on theother hand, is defined as a business organization consist-ing of one establishment or more under common owner-ship or control.

If the company operated at different physical locations,even if the individual locations were producing the sameline of goods, a separate report was requested for eachlocation. If the company operated in two or more distinctlines of manufacturing at the same location, a separatereport was requested for each activity.

An establishment not in operation for any portion ofthe year was requested to return the report form with theproper notation in the ‘‘Operational Status’’ section of theform. In addition, the establishment was requested toreport data on any employees, capital expenditures, inven-tories, or shipments from inventories during the year.

PAYROLL

This item includes the gross earnings of all employeeson the payrolls of operating manufacturing establishmentspaid in the calendar year. Respondents were told theycould follow the definition of payrolls used for calculatingthe Federal withholding tax. It includes all forms of com-pensation, such as salaries, wages, commissions, dis-missal pay, bonuses, vacation and sick leave pay, andcompensation in kind, prior to such deductions as employ-ees’ social security contributions, withholding taxes,group insurance, union dues, and savings bonds. The totalincludes salaries of officers of corporations; it excludespayments to proprietors or partners of unincorporatedconcerns. Also excluded are payments to members ofArmed Forces and pensioners carried on the active pay-rolls of manufacturing establishments.

The census definition of payrolls is identical to that rec-ommended to all Federal statistical agencies by the Officeof Management and Budget. It should be noted that thisdefinition does not include employers’ social security con-tributions or other nonpayroll labor costs, such as employ-ees’ pension plans, group insurance premiums, and work-ers’ compensation.

The ASM provides estimates of employers’ total supple-mental labor costs (those required by Federal and statelaws and those incurred voluntarily or as part of collectivebargaining agreements).

PRODUCT CODES AND CLASSES OF PRODUCTS

NAICS United States industries are identified by a six-digit code, in contrast to the four-digit SIC code. Thelonger code accommodates the large number of sectorsand allows more flexibility in designing subsectors. Each

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product or service is assigned a ten-digit code. The prod-uct coding structure represents an extension by the Cen-sus Bureau of the six-digit industry classifications of themanufacturing and mining sectors. The classification sys-tem operates so that the industrial coverage is progres-sively narrower with the successive addition of digits. Thisis illustrated as follows:

NAICS level NAICS code Description

Industry . . . . . . . . . . 33461 Manufacturing and reproductionof magnetic and optical media

U.S. industry. . . . . . 334612 Reproduction of software

Product class . . . . . 3346120 Prerecorded compact disc (exceptsoftware), tape, and record repro-ducing

BLS link code . . . . . 3346120X

Product code . . . . . 3346120XXX

As in previous censuses, data were collected for mostindustries on the quantity and value of individual productsshipped. In the 1997 census program, information wascollected on the output of almost 10,000 individual prod-uct items.

In the new system, there are about 1,500 productclasses (seven-digit codes), about 6,000 census products(ten-digit codes), and an additional 3,700 CIR products(ten-digit codes). The ten-digit products are considered theprimary products of the industry with the same first sixdigits.

The list of products for which separate information wascollected was prepared after consultation with industryand government representatives. Comparability with pre-vious figures was given considerable weight in the selec-tion of product categories so that comparable 1992 infor-mation is presented for most products.

Typically, both quantity and value of shipments infor-mation were collected. However, if quantity was not sig-nificant or could not be reported by manufacturers, onlyvalue of shipments was collected.

Shipments include both commercial shipments andtransfers of products to other plants of the same com-pany. For industries in which a considerable portion of thetotal shipments is transferred to other plants of the samecompany, separate information on interplant transfers alsowas collected. Moreover, for products that are used to alarge degree within the same establishment as materialsor components in the fabrication of other products, totalproduction and often consumption of the item within theplant (quantity produced and consumed) was collected.Typically, the information on production also was collectedfor products for which there are significant differencesbetween total production and shipments in a given yearbecause of wide fluctuations in finished goods invento-ries. Other measures of output of products with long pro-duction cycles were used as appropriate and feasible.

PRIMARY PRODUCT CLASS CODE

This file presents selected statistics for establishmentsaccording to their degree of specialization in products pri-mary to their industry. This field contains either the six-digit North American Industrial Classification System(NAICS) industry code corresponding to all establishmentsin the industry, or the seven-digit NAICS product classcode for all establishments within the industry that arespecialized in a particular product class. Product class spe-cialization is determined by evaluating the ratio of thelargest primary product class shipments to total productshipments (primary plus secondary, excluding miscella-neous receipts) for the establishment.

PRODUCTION-WORKER HOURS

This item covers hours worked or paid for at the plant,including actual overtime hours (not straight-time equiva-lent hours). It excludes hours paid for vacations, holidays,or sick leave.

QUANTITY OF ELECTRIC ENERGY CONSUMED FORHEAT AND POWER

Data on the cost of purchased electric energy were col-lected on all census forms. However, data on the quantityof purchased electric energy were collected only on theAnnual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) form. In addition,information is collected on the quantity of electric energygenerated by the establishment and the quantity of elec-tric energy sold or transferred to other plants of the samecompany.

RENTAL PAYMENTS

Total rental payments are collected on all census forms.However, the breakdown between rental payments forbuildings and other structures and rental payments formachinery and equipment is collected only on the ASMforms. This item includes rental payments for the use ofall items for which depreciation reserves would be main-tained if they were owned by the establishment, e.g.,structures and buildings, and production, office, andtransportation equipment. Excluded are royalties andother payments for the use of intangibles and depletableassets and land rents where separable.

When an establishment of a multiestablishment com-pany was charged rent by another part of the same com-pany for the use of assets owned by the company, it wasinstructed to exclude that cost from rental payments.However, the book value (original cost) of these company-owned assets was to be reported as assets of the estab-lishment at the end of the year.

If there were assets at an establishment rented fromanother company and the rents were paid centrally by thehead office of the establishment, the company wasinstructed to report these rental payments as if they werepaid directly by the establishment.

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RETIREMENTS OF DEPRECIABLE ASSETS

Included in this item is the gross value of assets sold,retired, scrapped, destroyed, etc., during the calendaryear. When a complete operation or establishmentchanged ownership, the respondent was instructed toreport the value of the assets sold at the original cost asrecorded in the books of the seller. The respondent alsowas requested to report retirements of equipment orstructures owned by a parent company that the establish-ment was using as if it were a tenant.

TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURES (NEW AND USED)

For establishments in operation and any known plantsunder construction, manufacturers were asked to reporttheir new and used expenditures for (1) permanent addi-tions and major alterations to manufacturing establish-ments and (2) machinery and equipment used for replace-ment and additions to plant capacity if they were of thetype for which depreciation accounts were ordinarily main-tained.

Totals for expenditures include the costs of assetsleased from nonmanufacturing concerns through capitalleases. New facilities owned by the Federal Governmentbut operated under contract by private companies andplant and equipment furnished to the manufacturer bycommunities and nonprofit organizations are excluded.Also excluded are expenditur