Adjective & Adverb Clauses

Adjective Clause(just like an adj. prep phrase, it’s USUALLY in the middle of the sentence.)

An adjective clause is used to describe a noun.

Ex:Birthdays, which are

great, only come once a year.

Non-defining (NONESSENTIAL) clauses:

give extra information about the noun, but they are not essential. Commas mean you can TAKE IT OUT.

Ex:

The desk in the corner, which is covered in books, is Mrs. Garner’s.

Our junior year, which has been a ton of fun, is coming to an end.

Defining (ESSENTIAL) clauses:

gives essential information about the noun. There will NOT be a comma!

Ex:

The present that arrived this morning was for Mrs. Mullinax.

The test which is tomorrow will be very difficult.

Adverb Clauses An adverb clause contains a subject and

a full verb. Answers: where, when, why, how.

Just like adverb prep. phrase, it will be in the front for sure and maybe in back (like this example). Move it to the front to check and see if it makes sense. If yes, then it’s adverb.

Ex:

I saw the movie before I left for Savannah. OR….

Before I left for Savannah, I saw the movie.

Common Adverb Clauses

PlaceEx: Wherever Ms. Conner is, there are

students learning nearby. Time

Ex: After this lesson is over, we will celebrate Mr. Pruitt’s birthday!

CauseEx: Jenny didn’t call the boy because

she was shy.

Common Adverb Clauses

PurposeEx: Secrest goes to college so that she

can become a teacher!Concession

Ex: Although Kathy has a degree in nursing, she wants to be a teacher.

Condition Ex: If Heather saves her money, then she

can buy her wedding dress.

Adjective Clause- clause that describes a noun with either essential (defining) or unessential information (non-defining).

Adverb Clause- a phrase that contains a subject and a verb and answers a questions How, when, why, where?

Relative Pronouns- An adjective clause usually begins with a relative pronoun

ThatWhichWho Whom Whose

DON’T WRITE THESE DOWN BECAUSE YOU’LL GET THEM ANOTHER WAY.

Subordinating Conjunctions- Adverb clauses usually begin with

subordinating conjunctions

AfterAlthoughAs ifAs long asAs soon asAs thoughBecausebefore

HowIfIn order thatSinceSo thatThanThoughUnlessuntil

WhenWheneverWhereWhereverWhetherwhile

Punctuate- based on where it is located in the sentence.

If it begins the sentence then it is followed by a comma. If it’s at the end – no comma

Examples: When March came, the huge ice flow

began to melt and break up. I could not audition for the school play (no

comma) because I had a sore throat.

ELA8C1

Identifies and writes correctly punctuated adjective and adverb clauses.