ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR CS3 - WordPress.com · indent text box Space before paragraph text box Space after paragraph text box Right indent text box. Chapter 2 6 Create and Format Text Leading

Chapter 2 1

ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR CS3

Chapter 2Creating Text and Gradients

Chapter 2 2

Create and Format Text

Creating type

Create text anywhereSelect the Type ToolClick the artboard and start typing or click and drag Type Tool to create a text boxUse the Vertical Type Tool to create vertical type

Type Tool positioned on path called baseline

Chapter 2 3


Creating typeSelect text by clicking on it – turn feature on/off

Click Edit on menu bar

Point to Preferences

Click Type

Remove check mark in Type Object Selection by Path Only check box

Chapter 2 4


Formatting textCharacter and Paragraph panels contain all classic commands for formatting

Character panel modifies text attributes such as font and type size, tracking, and kerning

Tracking inserts uniform spaces between characters

Kerning affects the spaces between any two characters

Paragraph panel modifies text alignment, paragraph indents, and vertical spaces

Chapter 2 5


Align left

Align center

Align right

Justify with last line aligned left

Justify with last line aligned centered

Justify with last line aligned right

Justify all lines

Left indent text box

First-line indent text box

Space before paragraph text box

Space after paragraph text box

Right indent text box

Chapter 2 6


Leading

Baseline

50% horizontal scale

50 % vertical scale

Examples of text formatting

Chapter 2 7

Create and Format TextExamples of kerning and tracking

Chapter 2 8


Hiding objectsMultiple objects positioned closely together can be hard to select

Hidden objects won’t be deleted when you quit, won’t print

Hide Selection command is on Object menuShow All reveals all hidden objects

Press [Shift] as you deselect object you want, then hide the rest

Chapter 2 9

Character panel Font family list arrowFont style list arrowLeading list arrow

Tracking list arrow

Vertical Scale text box

Character Rotation text boxSet the

baseline shift list arrow

Font size list arrow

Kerning list arrowHorizontal Scale text box

Underline button

Strikethrough button

Chapter 2 10

Flow Text into an Object

Filling an object with textUse the Area Type Tool and Vertical Area Type Tool to flow text into any shape you create

Text in object can be formatted as usual

You can manipulate object just like any other

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Locking objectsLock Selection command with Hide command on Object menu allows you to exempt an object from modification

Locked objects can only be selected by choosing Unlock All command

Press [Shift] while you click to deselect object to relock remaining objects

Chapter 2 13


Using Rulers, Guides, and the GridIllustrator has two built-in rulers that run along top and left side of document window

Create ruler guides and place on artboard by placing mouse pointer on top of ruler and dragging on to artboard

As you drag ruler, guide will emerge

On release, guide will be position at that point

Chapter 2 14


Using Rulers, Guides, and the Grid

To view rulers Click View on menu barClick Show Rulers

Lock and hide guides temporarilyClick View on menu barPoint to Guides – all Guide menu commands shown

Grid is another tool to align objects on artboardDefined in Guides & Grid section of Preferences dialog box

Chapter 2 15


Making guides

Select any object and make it into guide

Use Make Guide command on View menu

You can also click and drag mouse pointer from each ruler to the artboard

Chapter 2 16

Position Text on a Path

Using the Path Type ToolsType along straight or curved path using the Type on a Path Tool or Vertical Type on a Path Tool

Move text along path

‘Flip’ text to make it run in opposite direction – on opposite side of path

Change baseline shift to modify distance text’s baseline is above or below path

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Position Text on a Path

Text on a Path Text flipped across a path

Chapter 2 18

Create Colors and GradientsUsing the Gradient panel

Gradient is graduated blend between colors

Panel is command center for creating and adjusting gradients

Gradient slider represents the gradient being created

Gradients contain at least two colorsLeftmost color is starting color

Rightmost color is ending color

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Type list arrow

Gradient Fill box

Angle text box

Stops

Gradient Slider

Location text box

Chapter 2 20


Point at which two colors meet in equal measure called midpoint

Represented by diamond above slider, which is called Gradient Slider

Need not be positioned evenly between start and end

Change look by moving Gradient Slider to change midpoint location

Swatches panel contains standard gradients that come with software

Chapter 2 21

Create Colors and Gradients

Using the Gradient panelTo create your own gradients

Click object filled with existing gradient

Modify existing gradient in Gradient panel

Change beginning and ending colors

Change midpoint

Add additional colors or remove colors

Chapter 2 22


Using the Gradient panelDefine a gradient as linear or radial

Linear gradient can be positioned:

Left to right

Up and down

On any angle – change angle by entering new value in Angle text box in Gradient panel

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Using the Gradient panel

With radial gradient, starting color at center of gradient

Blend radiates out to ending color

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Create Colors and GradientsUsing the Color panel

Color panel is where you move sliders to mix new colors for fills, strokes, and gradients

Panel has five color modes:CMYKRGBGrayscale – shades of gray in percentages of blackHSB – adjust hue, saturation, and brightnessWeb Safe RGB – create colors in accordance with HTML

Default CMYK or RGB depending on mode selectedYou can also type values directly into text boxes

Chapter 2 25


Adding colors and gradients to the Swatches panel

After defining color or gradient, save it by dragging it into Swatches panel

Name it by double-clicking it, then type name in Swatch Options dialog box

Object can’t be modified unless it is done so in Gradient panel

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Color panel

Current fill and stroke colors

NoneSliders CMYK Spectrum

CMYK color values

Chapter 2 27

Apply Colors and Gradients to Text

Applying fills and strokes to textBy default text is generated with black fill and no strokeTo change color of text, select it by highlighting it with Type Tool or switch to Selection Tool

With Selection Tool, text is selected as single object and any color change affects text globallyTo change fill or stroke of individual character, select with Type Tool

Fill color

Stroke color

Chapter 2 28


Converting text to outlinesTo fill text with a gradient:

Convert text into an object by selecting text, then using Create Outlines command on Type menuLetterforms become standard Illustrator objects with anchor points and paths

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Create Outlines makes it possible to create document with text without fonts

Once text converted to outlines, you can no longer change typefaceTo change, go to Character panel before converting to outlines

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Each outline is filled with the gradient

Outlines filled with a gradient

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Adjust a Gradient and Create a Drop Shadow

Using the Gradient ToolGradient Tool used to manipulate gradient fills

Select an object with gradient fillDrag Gradient Tool over the objectWhere you begin dragging and where you end determines length of blend from starting to ending color

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Using the Gradient ToolFor linear gradients, angle you drag determines angle blend fills objectApply same gradient to multiple objectsSelect object, use Gradient Tool to extend across all objects

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Using the Gradient ToolIf multiple objects selected, each object filled with entire length of gradient from beginning color to end color

When text converted to outline and fill applied, gradient automatically fills each letter independently

Chapter 2 34


Examples of different angles and lengths of a gradient fill created with the Gradient Tool

Chapter 2 35


Adding a drop shadowTo apply a drop shadow to text

Copy text

Paste copy behind it

Fill copy with darker color

Use keyboard arrows to move it so it is offset from original

Chapter 2 36


Drop shadow created using the Paste in Back command


Chapter 3Drawing and Composing an

Illustration

Chapter 3 38

Draw Straight Lines

View Objects on the ArtboardUse the Zoom Tool to enlarge areas of the artboard for easier viewing

Click and drag the Zoom Tool over an area to magnify it (Marquee Zoom)

Use the New View command to save a view of the artboard

Saving views is an effective way to increase your productivity

Views that have been saved are listed at the bottom of the View menu

Chapter 3 39

Drawing Straight SegmentsDrawing straight segments with the Pen Tool

Use the Pen Tool to make lines, called paths

When the Pen Tool is clicked on the artboard, anchor points are made

Straight segments are automatically placed between every two anchor points

Corner point –when two straight segments are united

Selected anchor points appear as white or hollow, while unselected points appear as solid.

Chapter 3 40

Drawing Straight Segments

Drawing straight segments with the Pen ToolAnchor points and segments can be moved, repositioned, added, and deleted

Once object completed, use Direct Selection Tool to perfect points and segments

When the Pen Tool is positioned over a line segment of a selected path, the Add Anchor Point Tool appears.

Chapter 3 41

Drawing Straight Segments

Line segment

Starting anchor point

Corner anchor points

Ending anchor point

Corner anchor point

Elements of a path composed of straight segments

Chapter 3 42

Draw Curved Lines

Defining properties of curved linesClick and drag the Pen Tool to create anchor points along a curved line

“Draw” a curved path by clicking and dragging the Pen Tool to create points

Anchor points created by clicking and dragging are known as smooth points

Chapter 3 43

Draw Curved LinesDefining properties of curved lines

Direction lines are exposed when you use the Direct Selection Tool

Click and drag direction points at end of direction lines to reshape curves

Smooth point always has two direction lines that move as a unit

When you manipulate direction lines through a smooth point, a smooth transition is maintained

The angle and length of direction lines define the arc of a curved segment

Chapter 3 44

Draw Curved Lines

Defining properties of curved linesWhen two paths joined at corner point, the two paths can be manipulated independently

Corner point can join:Two straight segments

One straight and one curved segment

Two curved segments

Chapter 3 45

Draw Curved Lines

Smooth anchor point

Direction line

Direction point

Chapter 3 46

Draw Curved Lines

A corner point joining two curved paths (note the direction lines)

A smooth point

A corner point joining one straight and one curved segment

A corner point joining two straight segments

Chapter 3 47

Draw Curved Lines

Converting anchor pointsConvert Anchor Point Tool changes corner points to smooth points, and smooth points to corner pointsTo convert a corner point to smooth:

Click and drag the Convert Anchor Point Tool on anchor point to pull out direction lines

Chapter 3 48

Draw Curved Lines

Corner point converted to a smooth point

Corner point

Converting a corner point to a smooth point

Chapter 3 49

Draw Elements of an Illustration

Drawing from scratchStart with a new Illustrator document and create the illustration using only the Illustrator tools

Illustrator’s shape tools combined with transformation tools make program powerful for creating geometric designs

Undo and Redo commands allow for easy experimentation

Chapter 3 50


Drawing from scratch

Illustration created from scratch

Chapter 3 51

Tracing a scanned image is a great skill used by professional designers.

Use the Place command (located under the File Menu) to import a scanned image into Illustrator

Trace the image inIllustrator

Place a scanned sketch in Illustrator and trace it


Chapter 3 52

Assemble an Illustration

Assembling an illustrationUse stacking order commands to assemble various components of an illustration

Sequence in which elements are drawn determines the stacking order:

Newer elements appear in front of older elements

Locking and hiding placed elements will help protect when positioned correctly

Tweaking refers to making small improvements to your illustrations.


Chapter 4Transforming and Distorting Objects

Chapter 4 54

Transform objects

Defining the Transform Tools

Transformation occurs when an object’s size, shape, or position is changed on artboard

Tools panel contains five transform tools:RotateScaleReflectShearFree Transform

Chapter 4 55

Transform objects

Defining the point of origin

All transformations executed in relation to a fixed point and called point of origin

Default point of origin is object’s center point

You can change center point to another point on the object or somewhere else on the artboard

Chapter 4 56

Transform objects

Defining the point of origin

There are four basic methods for making transformations with transform tools

Click a transform tool, then click and drag anywhere on artboard

Double-click transform tool, which opens tool’s dialog box

Click a transform tool, then click artboard to define point of origin

Click transform tool, press [Alt](Win) or [option](Mac), then click artboard and tool's dialog box opens

Chapter 4 57

Transform objects

The Reflect Tool flips an image All transformations are executed from a point of origin

Chapter 4 58

Transform objects

Working with the Transform Again Command

You can repeat a transformation again quickly with the Transform Again command

Scale or rotateMoving

Quickest way to use Transform Again command is to press [Ctrl][D](Win) or [D](Mac)

Chapter 4 59

Transform objects

Using the Transform Each command

Command allows you to transform multiple objects individually

Transform Each dialog box offers options to move, scale, rotation, or reflect an object among others

Before After

The eight squares are rotated on their own center points

Chapter 4 60

Transform objects

Using the Free Transform Tool

The Free Transform Tool applies an eight-handled bounding box to a selected image

Move handles to scale and shear objectClick and drag outside the object to rotate the object

Moving handles in conjunction with keyboard commands allows you to distort the object, or distort object in perspective

Press and hold [Shift][Ctrl](Win) or [Shift] (Mac) to distort imagePress and hold [Shift][Alt][Ctrl](Win) or [Shift][option] (Mac) while dragging to distort in perspective

Chapter 4 61

Transform Objects

Using the Transform panel

Transform panel displays information about size, orientation, and location of one or more selected objects

Type new values directly into the Transform panel to modify selected objects

You can identify the reference point on the bounding box from which the object will be transformed

Chapter 4 62

Transform Objects

Use the Free Transform Tool to distort objects in perspective

Chapter 4 63

Transform Objects

Transform panel list arrow

Rotate text box

Height text box Width text boxShear text box

Chapter 4 64

Offset and Outline Path Command

Using the Offset Path command

Offset Path command creates a copy of a selected path set off by a specific distance

Useful when working with closed paths – making concentric shapes or making many copies of a path at a regular distance from original

When you offset a closed pathPositive value creates larger copy outside originalNegative value creates a smaller copy inside original

Chapter 4 65


Concentric circles produced by the Scale Tool

Concentric circles produced by the Offset Path command

Chapter 4 66


Using the Outline Stroke command

Outline Stroke command converts a stroke path into a closed path the same width as original stroke path

Useful for applying gradient to a strokeUseful design tool for modifying object outlineEasier to create an object with a single heavy stroke then convert it to a closed path

Chapter 4 67


The Outline Stroke command converts a stroked path to a closed object

Chapter 4 68

Create Compound PathsDefining a compound path

Compound path used to make ‘hole’ or ‘holes’ in an object

Select the object in back and the object in front and apply the Make Compound Path command

If you move the front object independently, it yields interesting results which Illustrator calls compound shapes

Chapter 4 69

Create Compound PathsDefining a compound path

When two or more objects are compounded, Illustrator defines them as one object

Compound paths function as groupsSelect and manipulate an individual element with Direct Selection Tool

Cannot change appearance attributes independently

Chapter 4 70

Create Compound Paths

Releasing a compound path

Apply the Release Compound Path command to return objects to original composition

Chapter 4 71


The letter D is an example of a compound path

Chapter 4 72


Manipulating compound paths can yield interesting effects

Chapter 4 73

Work with the Pathfinder Panel

Defining a compound shape

A compound shape is two or more paths combined so that ‘holes’ appear

Chapter 4 74


Understanding essential pathfinder filters

Pathfinders are preset operations that help combine paths

Useful for creating complex or irregular shapes from basic shapes

Illustrator offers ten pathfinders – five are essential

Chapter 4 75


No Filter

Add

Subtract

Intersect

Minus Back

Divide

Chapter 4 76


Using the Pathfinder panel

Create compound shapes by overlapping two or more objects, then clicking one of four shape mode buttons

Add Subtract IntersectExclude

When shape mode button applied, two overlapping objects combined into one object with same formatting as top level

Chapter 4 77


Using the Pathfinder panel

After shape mode button applied, original objects can be selected and formatted using Direct Selection Tool

Another way is to click Expand button in Pathfinder panel

Another is to press[Alt](Win) or [option](Mac)

Chapter 4 78


Add to shape area button

Subtract from shape area button

Intersect shape areas button Exclude

overlapping shape areas button

Dividebutton

Trimbutton

Mergebutton

Cropbutton

Outlinebutton

Minus Backbutton

Chapter 4 79


Applying shape modes and pathfinders

When shape modes are applied to objects, compound shape can be manipulated endlessly

When shapes are expanded, the result is final

Chapter 4 80

Creating Clipping Masks

Defining a Clipping Mask

Use clipping mask as a ‘window’ to see some or all of the objects behind the mask in the stacking order

Apply Make Clipping Mask commandTop object becomes the mask Objects behind become ‘masked’

Only parts of masked object seen will be through mask

Chapter 4 81


Four objects being masked

Black circle becomes mask

Chapter 4 82


Using multiple objects as a clipping mask

First, make them into compound paths

Illustrator regards compound paths as a single object

Single object can be used as a single mask

Creating mask effects

Position as many items as you want behind mask

Chapter 4 83


Masks can be used for stunning visual effects


Chapter 5Working With Layers

Chapter 5 85

Create and modify layers

Manipulate layered artwork

Work with layered artwork

Create a clipping set

Chapter Objectives

Chapter 5 86

Create and Modify Layers

Creating layers and sublayers

The Layers panel consists of a series of layersThe number of layers are limited only by the computer’s memoryBy default every document created with one layer, called Layer 1

Create new layers and move objects into them, segregating and organizing work

First object placed on Layer 1 is sublayer called <path>

Each object placed on same layer is placed on separate <path> sublayer

Chapter 5 87



Each layer has thumbnail (miniature picture) to the left of the layer name

Change the size of rows in Layers panel by choosing new size in Layers Panel Options dialog box

Click Layers panel list arrowClick Panel Options

Stacking order of objects on artboard corresponds to the hierarchy of layers in Layers panel

Chapter 5 88



There are two basic ways to create new layers and sublayers

Click New Layer or New Sublayer command in Layers panel menuOr click Create New Layer or Create New Sublayer button in Layers panel

Chapter 5 89


Layers panellist arrow

Create New Sublayerbutton

Create New Layer button

Delete Selection button

Each part is on a separate layer

Chapter 5 90


Duplicating layers

Click Duplicate command in Layers panel menu, or

Drag a layer or sublayer onto Create New Layer button in Layers panel

All art work also duplicated

Chapter 5 91


Selection marks for chair are red, the chair layer’s assigned color

The chair on the artboard and in the Layers panel

Chapter 5 92


Setting layer options

The Layer Options dialog box allows you to:Name a layerSelect a color for a layer with selection marks the same colorLock – all objects on layer protectedUnlock Show – all art work is displayedHide artwork

Chapter 5 93



Preview option displays all artwork on a layer in Preview mode

When Preview option not activated, artwork displayed in Outline mode

Therefore, some elements can be found on the Preview mode and some are in Outline mode

Chapter 5 94



Print option allows you to print a layer

The Dim Images option reduces intensity of bitmap images

Often makes it easier to trace an image

Template option is used if you want to use the artwork on a layer as the basis of a new illustration

Chapter 5 95



Buttons in Layers panel allow:LockUnlockHideShow

The Toggles Visibility button (the eye) lets you hide and show layers

Toggles Lock button (the padlock) lets you lock and unlock layers

Chapter 5 96


Selecting artwork on layers and sublayers

When object selected on artboard:Layer highlighted in Layers panelIndicates Selected Art button appears

Selecting layer or sublayer in Layers panel does not select artwork

Changes to layers in Layers panel carries the art work with the layer

Chapter 5 97

Create and Modify LayersSelecting artwork on layers and sublayers

Duplicating artwork does not duplicate layer

Deleting or coping artwork on a sublayer, does delete or copy the sublayer

Selecting all artwork on a layer

Select All command selects every object on artboard

To select all artwork on a single layer or sublayer:Select the Click to target, drag to move button to left of Indicates Selection buttonOr click [Alt](Win) or [option](Mac)

Chapter 5 98


Click to target, drag to move appearance button

Indicates Selected Art button for Chair layer

Chapter 5 99

Manipulate Layered Artwork

Changing the order of layers and sublayers

All objects on a given layer are behind objects on layer above it and above those below it

Multiple objects within given layer overlap according to stacking order and repositioned according to standard stacking commands

To change position of layer or sublayer, drag it up or down in panel

When layer repositioned, sublayers move with it

Chapter 5 100


Merging layers

To consolidate multiple layers and sublayers:Select the layer

Press [Ctrl](Win) or (Mac) to select multiple layers

Apply Merge Selection command in the Layers panel menu

Condensing layers is process of dragging one layer into another

Repositioned layer becomes sublayer of layer it was dragged into

Chapter 5 101

Manipulate Layered ArtworkChanging the order of layers

Moving a layer in the Layers panel

Chapter 5 102


Defining sublayers

Whenever one or more objects on a layer you have sublayers

When first object placed on layer, triangle appears to left of layer name

Click triangle to expand layer and see sublayersClick again to collapse layer and hide sublayers

Chapter 5 103


Working with sublayers

When grouped artwork placed into a layer, sublayer is automatically created

Assigned name <Group>

Triangle appears on <Group> sublayer

Click to expose sublayers

Chapter 5 104

Manipulate Layered ArtworkA <Group> sublayer

Each object in a group is placed on its own sublayer

Chapter 5 105


Dragging objects between layers

To move sublayers simply drag and drop a sublayer from one layer to another

Drag artwork from one layer to another by dragging the Indicates Selected Art button

You can also cut and pasteYou can also use Send to Current Layer command

Chapter 5 106

Manipulate Layered ArtworkDragging a sublayer to another layer

Drag the Indicates Selected Art button to another layer

Chapter 5 107

Work with Layered Artwork

Using the View buttons in the Layers panel

View options in Layers panel make it easier to work with complex illustrations

Options are targeted, allowing you to apply specific viewing options to each layer

Toggles Visibility button allows easy change to view on artboard

Clicking button once hides all artwork on layerClicking button again shows all artwork on layer

Chapter 5 108


Using the View buttons in the Layers panel

Pressing [Alt](Win) or [option](Mac):Press once shows all layersClicking a second time hides all layers except layer you clicked

Pressing [Ctrl](Win) or (Mac) and click the button toggles between Outline and Preview modes

Pressing [Alt][Ctrl](Win) or [option][ ](Mac) and clicking button switches all other layers between Outline and Preview modes

Chapter 5 109


The chair layer is shown in Preview mode and all other layers shown in Outline mode

Chapter 5 110


Locating an object in the Layers panel

To locate an object, select an object on the Layers panel, use the Locate Object command

Reversing the order of layersSelect layers to be reversedPress [Shift] to select multiple contiguous layersClick the Layers panel list arrow Click Reverse Order

Chapter 5 111


Making layers nonprintable

It is possible to choose whether or not artwork is printed on each layer or combination of layers

Chapter 5 112

Create a Clipping Set

Working with clipping sets

Clipping set used to distinguish clipping paths used in layers from clipping paths used to mask nonlayered artwork

Clipping set refers to clipping mask and masked sublayers as a unit

Chapter 5 113


Working with clipping sets

The following rules apply to clipping sets:Clipping mask and objects to be masked must be in same layerSublayer must be in <Group> sublayer unless you first select layer that sublayer is inTop object in clipping set becomes mask for all objects below itA <Group> sublayer can be a clipping setDotted lines between sublayers indicate that they are included

Chapter 5 114


Flattening artwork

When Flatten Artwork command applied, all visible objects in artwork are consolidated in a single layer

Select the layer to consolidate the artworkIf layer is hidden

Choose to make the artwork visible or to delete the layer and artwork on it

Chapter 5 115

Chapter Summary

Lesson 1Create layers and sublayersSet layer optionsDuplicate layersSelect artwork on layers and sublayersSelect all artwork on a layer

Lesson 2Change the order of layers and sublayersMerge layersDefine sublayersWork with sublayersDrag objects between layers

Chapter 5 116

Chapter Summary

Lesson 3Use the View buttons in the Layers panelLocate an object in the Layers panelReverse the order of layersMake layers nonprintable

Lesson 4Work with clipping setsFlatten artwork

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ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR CS3 - WordPress.com · indent text box Space before paragraph text box Space after paragraph text box Right indent text box. Chapter 2 6 Create and Format Text Leading