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More from The Economist My Subscription Log in or register Subscribe World politics Business & finance Economics Science & technology Culture Blogs Debate Multimedia Print edition In this section Adrift Lost generations How much longer can they satay? No more emergencies Speak no evil Resurrection Là, tout n’est qu’ordre et beauté Apology: Cambodia May 16th 2015 | SINGAPORE | From the print edition Peopletrafficking in SouthEast Asia Adrift Thanks to a crackdown in Thailand, thousands of boat people are left out at sea FOR decades peopletraffickers have plied a lucrative trade on SouthEast Asian waters. On May 10th their grim business burst into the open—and on to an Indonesian beach. Panicked by a recent government crackdown in Thailand that has made it hard for smugglers to land there, criminals abandoned nearly 600 migrants in boats just off the northern coast of Sumatra. The men, women and children who splashed onto the sand were sick and exhausted, but lucky. Some 7,000 migrants are thought still to be trapped on vessels in the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea. Some are still in the charge of peoplesmugglers; others have been cast adrift. It is an emergency which the region’s bickering neighbours seem illequipped to resolve. Roughly half of SouthEast Asia’s boat people are economic migrants from Bangladesh. The other half are Rohingyas, a longpersecuted Muslim minority, originally from Bangladesh but whose home is now in coastal Rakhine state in northwestern Myanmar, where Rakhine officials and many from the Buddhist population are keen to get rid of them. Migrants pay up to $2,000 for a passage to smuggler camps in southern Thailand, from where they hope to sneak across the border into Malaysia, one of SouthEast Asia’s richest countries (and Muslim to boot). It is a long and dangerous journey. Some succumb to disease or abuse in Thai camps, where they are often held until friends or family cough up a ransom. Others are waylaid by slavers and forced to work on Thai fishing and shrimping boats. For years the trade has carried on under Thai officials’ noses. Bigwigs have, at the very least, turned a blind eye. In some places the police and navy may have helped traffickers to move people along. Yet the generals who have Tweet 7 Follow The Economist Latest updates » The Economist explains: Why the world is addicted to debt The Economist explains | 3 hours 14 mins ago Andrew Palmer on "Smart Money": The good that finance can do Prospero | May 17th, 11:41 May 16th 2015 edition: Pick of our week, in audio International | May 17th, 11:21 The week ahead: Unpredictable International | May 17th, 07:00 The Boston bombing trial: A death sentence Democracy in America | May 16th, 16:17 Islamic State seizes Ramadi: Thrown back Middle East and Africa | May 16th, 12:10 Egypt: Victor's justice Middle East and Africa | May 16th, 11:06 More latest updates » Most commented Comment (44) Timekeeper reading list Email Reprints & permissions Print Campus politics Are calls to boycott Israel antiSemitic? Russia's Frenchbuilt warships: Scrapping the Mistral deal 1 2 104 Like Print edition May 16th 2015 May 9th 2015 May 2nd 2015 Apr 23rd From the print edition May 16th 2015

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  • 5/17/2015 Adrift | The Economist

    http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21651286-thanks-crackdown-thailand-thousands-boat-people-are-left-out-sea-adrift 1/4

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    May16th2015|SINGAPORE| Fromtheprintedition

    PeopletraffickinginSouthEastAsia

    AdriftThankstoacrackdowninThailand,thousandsofboatpeopleareleftoutatsea

    FORdecadespeopletraffickershavepliedalucrativetradeonSouthEastAsianwaters.OnMay10ththeirgrimbusinessburstintotheopenandontoanIndonesianbeach.PanickedbyarecentgovernmentcrackdowninThailandthathasmadeithardforsmugglerstolandthere,criminalsabandonednearly600migrantsinboatsjustoffthenortherncoastofSumatra.Themen,womenandchildrenwhosplashedontothesandweresickandexhausted,butlucky.Some7,000migrantsarethoughtstilltobetrappedonvesselsintheBayofBengalandtheAndamanSea.Somearestillinthechargeofpeoplesmugglersothershavebeencastadrift.Itisanemergencywhichtheregionsbickeringneighboursseemillequippedtoresolve.

    RoughlyhalfofSouthEastAsiasboatpeopleareeconomicmigrantsfromBangladesh.TheotherhalfareRohingyas,alongpersecutedMuslimminority,originallyfromBangladeshbutwhosehomeisnowincoastalRakhinestateinnorthwesternMyanmar,whereRakhineofficialsandmanyfromtheBuddhistpopulationarekeentogetridofthem.

    Migrantspayupto$2,000forapassagetosmugglercampsinsouthernThailand,fromwheretheyhopetosneakacrosstheborderintoMalaysia,oneofSouthEastAsiasrichestcountries(andMuslimtoboot).Itisalonganddangerousjourney.SomesuccumbtodiseaseorabuseinThaicamps,wheretheyareoftenhelduntilfriendsorfamilycoughuparansom.OthersarewaylaidbyslaversandforcedtoworkonThaifishingandshrimpingboats.

    ForyearsthetradehascarriedonunderThaiofficialsnoses.Bigwigshave,attheveryleast,turnedablindeye.Insomeplacesthepoliceandnavymayhavehelpedtraffickerstomovepeoplealong.Yetthegeneralswhohave

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  • 5/17/2015 Adrift | The Economist

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    runThailandsinceacoupayearagohavesteppeduptheireffortstocombattheproblem.OnMay1sttheauthoritiesfound26bodiesatanabandonedtraffickingcampinthesouthernprovinceofSongkhla.Theyhavevowedtoclosetherest.EuropeancountrieshavethreatenedtobanimportsofseafoodunlessThailandstampsoutslavery.SanctionsloomshouldThailandgetanotherblackmarkintheAmericangovernmentsannualreviewofeffortstodealwithpeopletrafficking.

    ExpectingfirmeractionfromtheThaigovernment,somesmugglingnetworkshadalreadystartedtoprocessmigrantsonshipsservingasholdingpensfarfromshore.Butthatmadethejourneyevenmoretreacherous,justasthenumberofmigrantshasclimbed.AccordingtotheUN,about25,000peoplesetsailfromtheBayofBengalbetweenJanuaryandMarchthisyear,roughlydoubletherateofthetwopreviousyears.

    ThisispartlybecauselivingstandardsamongpersecutedRohingyasareworsening.Also,morefamiliesarechoosingtojoinmenwhohavealreadymadeittoMalaysia.Athirdofthemigrantsareundertheageof18,andoneinsevenisawoman.Boatsaregettingmorecrowded,withavesseltypicallycarryingover400people.TheUNguessesthat300peoplediedatseainthefirstthreemonthsoftheyear.

    Thaipolicesaythattheyhavefoundatleastsevenabandonedtraffickingcampsandhaverescuedover300migrants.Thegreatestworryisforthosestillatsea.NotlongafterthelandingsinIndonesiaanother1,000migrantsstreamedfromsmallfishingboatsontotheMalaysianresortislandofLangkawi.ButonMay14thMalaysianauthoritiessaidtheyhadturnedbackanothermigrantboatandwouldpreventanymoremigrantsfromlanding.OnMay12ththeIndonesiannavysaidthatithadescortedavesselcarrying500migrantsbackintointernationalwatersafterprovidingitwithmorefuelandsupplies.Noonewantstheexpenseofshelteringnewcomers,butRohingyasareespeciallyproblematicbecauseMyanmaroftenrefusestotakethemback.NeitherThailand,IndonesianorMalaysiahavesigneduptotheUNsrefugeeconvention.Thereislittlehandwringingabouttheboatpeople.

    ThecrackdownhasslowedthenumberofvesselsleavingfromBangladeshandMyanmar,atleastfornow.Yettheknottysocialandeconomicproblems(and,inthecaseofmanyRohingyas,theviolence)thatdrivemigrantstofleearestilltherealongwiththepervasivecorruptionencouragingthepeopletrafficking.Forallthetalkofdeepening

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    integrationamongSouthEastAsiannations,theirresponsetothecrisishasbeenpiecemeal.Thailandhasatleastnowcalledforaninternationalsummittodiscussregionalapproachestocombatingpeopletrafficking,totakeplaceonMay29th.Forsomeofthosenowafloat,thatwillbetoolate.

    Fromtheprintedition:Asia

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