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AdvancedCriminalHistory– Chapter4Wednesday,May31,2017
Baltimore,MD
2
RachelPierceSeniorEducationandSentencingPracticeSpecialist
PeterMadsenEducation andSentencingPracticeSpecialist
Presenters
www.ussc.gov (202)502‐4545 @theusscgov [email protected]
4
SessionObjectives
May17,2016
• Single‐Separatedeterminationregardingtreatmentofmultiplepriorsentences
• Revocationsofsupervision• “Overrides”ofcriminalhistory,e.g.,CareerOffender• Scenarios
Yes No
50% 50%
Scenario#1:DefendantwasgivenacivillawviolationticketforPossessionoflessthan10GramsofMarijuana.Isthisaconvictionthatresultsincriminalhistorypoints?
A. YesB. No
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CriminalHistoryExercise#2
ArrestDate02/07/05
02/07/07
Charge/Docket#SaleofHeroin,MontgomeryCountyDistrict Ct.Dayton,OH,
TraffickingCocaine,MontgomeryCountyDistrictCt.Dayton,OH,
Date/Sent.Imposed04/07/05:2yearsimprisonment
04/07/07:4yearsimprisonment
Yes No
50% 50%
Defendantpledguiltytoadrugconspiracythatoccurredfrom2009through2015.Defendanthastwopriorstateconvictionsfordrugtraffickingforwhichhewassentencedpriortotheinstantoffenseofconviction.
A. YesB. No
Yes No
50% 50%
Scenario#3:Defendantwassentencedto20yearsinprisonin2000.Hewaspardonedin2012andcompletedTSRin2015.Hewasarrestedandconvictedfordrugtraffickingin2017.Doesthepardonedconvictioncountforcriminalhistorypurposes?
A. YesB. No
10
CriminalHistoryExercise#4
ArrestDate:11/24/2007
Charge/Docket #Ct.1:Theft(Misd.);Ct.2:DWI(Felony)RutherfordCountyCriminalCourt,Murfreesboro,TN
Date/Sent. Imposed06/26/09:Ct.1:1yearjailCt.2:60daysjail,tobeservedconsecutivetooneanother
0 1 2 3
25% 25% 25% 25%
Howmanycriminalhistorypoints?
A. 0B. 1C. 2D. 3
12
www.ussc.gov (202)502‐4545 @theusscgov [email protected]
TreatmentofMultiplePriorSentences
§4A1.2(a)(2)
• Requiresadeterminationofwhethermultiplepriorsentencesarecounted“separately”orasa“singlesentence”
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Multiplepriorsentencesforoffensesseparatedbyan
interveningarrestarecountedseparately
§4A1.2(a)(2)
ThresholdDetermination:InterveningArrest
14Examples:SeparatedbyInterveningArrest
InterveningArrest
offensearrestedoffensearrested
offenseoffenseoffensearrested
Not anInterveningArrest
15
§4A1.2(a)(2)
AND
SingleSentenceCriteria
•Multiplepriorsentenceswillbetreatedasa“singlesentence”if
1. PriorsentencesareforoffensesNOT separatedbyaninterveningarrest
2. Theoffenseseither• Werenamedinthesamechargingdocument,or• Resultedinsentencesimposedonthesameday
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Impactofa“SingleSentence”
• Ifconcurrentsentences• Usethelongestsentence
• Ifconsecutivesentences• Usetheaggregatelengthofthesentences
§4A1.2(a)(2)
Ratherthanaddpointsforeachpriorsentence:
17
1mo.4mos.consec.9mos.consec.
“SingleSentence”
3pts.
Length PointAssignments
{ 1pt.2pts.2pts.5pts.14mos.
CountedSeparately
Example:PointAssignmentsand“Single”Sentences
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1mo.4mos.concur.9mos.concur.
“SingleSentence”
2pts.
Length PointAssignments
{ 1pt.2pts.2pts.5pts.9mos.
CountedSeparately
Example:PointAssignmentsand“Single”Sentences
19Examples:SeparatedbyInterveningArrest
InterveningArrestforThefts1&2
Theft1offenseArrestedTheft1Theft2offenseArrestedTheft2
Not anInterveningArrestforThefts1&2
Theft1offenseArrestedDUITheft2offenseArrestedThefts1&2
20
CriminalHistoryExercise#5
ArrestDate02/07/03(Age 18)
02/07/03(Age18)
Charge/Docket#Burglary,MontgomeryCountyDistrict Ct.Dayton,OH,Case#2003‐CR‐411
Burglary,MontgomeryCountyDistrictCt.Dayton,OH,Case#2003‐CR‐805
Date/Sent.Imposed04/07/03:4to15yrs.imprisonmentconsecutivetoCase#2003‐CR‐805
04/07/03:4to15yrs.imprisonmentconsecutivetoCase#2003‐CR‐411
Separate Single Theydonotscoreatall,astheyare
tooold
33% 33% 33%
Arethesesentencesscoredseparatelyorasasinglesentence?
A. SeparateB. SingleC. Theydonotscoreatall,as
theyaretooold
3 2 1 4 None
20% 20% 20% 20% 20%
Howmanycriminalhistorypoints?
A. 3B. 2C. 1D. 4E. None
23
CriminalHistoryExercise#6ArrestDate:*01/19/10(Age24)
11/25/11(Age24)
*Warrant issuedbythestateforattemptedmurderandpossessionofgunbyfelonon12/20/09
Charge/Docket#Feloninpossessionoffirearm,MiamiFL,U.S.DistrictCt.(SD/FL)
Feloninpossessionoffirearm,MiamiDadeCountyDistrictCourt,MiamiFlorida
Date/Sent. Imposed08/20/10:14monthsBOPcustody,2yrs.SR
01/14/12:6monthscustody DOC
Separate Single Theydonotscoreatall,astheyare
tooold
33% 33% 33%
Arethesesentencesscoreseparatelyorasasinglesentence?
A. SeparateB. SingleC. Theydonotscoreatall,as
theyaretooold
3 2 1 4 5 None
17% 17% 17% 17% 17% 17%
Howmanycriminalhistorypoints?
A. 3B. 2C. 1D. 4E. 5F. None
26
§4A1.1(e)
A“SingleSentence”ThatIncludesCrimesofViolence
•Whenmultiplepriorsentencesaretreatedasa“singlesentence,”§4A1.1(e)adds1pointforeachcrimeofviolencethatdidnotresultinadditionalpointsunder§4A1.1(a),(b),or(c)
27
CriminalHistoryExercise#7
ArrestDate:05/06/09(Age20)
05/06/09(Age20)
Charge/Docket #AggravatedRobbery(Case#09‐432);RutherfordCountyCriminalCourt,Murfreesboro,TN
AggravatedRobbery(Case#09‐433);RutherfordCountyCriminalCourt,Murfreesboro,TN
Date/Sent. Imposed06/26/09:1yearcustody,consecutivetoCase#09‐433
06/26/09:9months’custody,consecutivetoCase#09‐432
Separate Single Theydonotscoreatall,astheyare
tooold
33% 33% 33%
Arethesesentencescountedseparatelyorasasinglesentence?
A. SeparateB. SingleC. Theydonotscoreatall,as
theyaretooold
3 2 1 4 5 None
17% 17% 17% 17% 17% 17%
Howmanycriminalhistorypoints?
A. 3B. 2C. 1D. 4E. 5F. None
31
GeneralApproachinHandlingRevocations:
• Addtimeimposedatoriginalsentencingwithtimeimposeduponrevocation
• Revocationmayaffectthetimeperiodunderwhichsomesentencesarecounted
=
32
GeneralApproachinHandlingRevocations:
• Originalsentence3yrs.imprisonment,suspendeduponserviceof1yr.w/5yrs.probationtofollow
• Probationrevoked;6mos.imposed
1yr.originalsentence
+6mos.revocationsentence
1yr.6mos. = 3points
CriminalHistoryExercise#8
ArrestDate12/05/11(Age 21)
Charge/Docket#Consp.to commitpossessionofCDS(Cocaine)SecondJudicialDistrictCourtAlbuquerque,NewMexico
Date/Sent. Imposed11/07/11:Guilty2yearsdeferredadjudication,probationwithdrugtreatment
09/06/12:probationrevoked;guiltyandresentencedto180dayscustody
3 2 1 None
25% 25% 25% 25%
Howmanycriminalhistorypoints?
A. 3B. 2C. 1D. None
35
CriminalHistoryExercise#9
ArrestDate03/05/04(Age 22)
Charge/Docket#21U.S.C.§ 952and960,Importation ofMarijuana(felony)USBP(Calexico,CA)U.S.DistrictCourt(SD/CA)
Date/Sent.Imposed06/28/04:4monthsBOP,2yearsSR
11/10/04:SRviolation,warrantissued
05/29/05: SRrevoked,4monthsBOP,2yearsSRreimposed
3 2 1 None
25% 25% 25% 25%
Howmanycriminalhistorypoints?
A. 3B. 2C. 1D. None
37
CriminalHistoryExercise#10
ArrestDate01/10/04(Age21)
Charge/Docket #UnlawfulSale,ManufactureorDeliveryofaControlledSubstanceWithin1000feetofaplaceofworshipVolusiaCo.Cir.Ct.Deland,FL
Date/Sent. Imposed06/09/04:24monthsimprisonmentsuspended,3yearsprobation
05/17/05:Probationrevoked,sentencedtoFLDOCfor24months
3 2 1 None
25% 25% 25% 25%
Howmanycriminalhistorypoints?
A. 3B. 2C. 1D. None
0 1 2 3 4
20% 20% 20% 20% 20%
Scenario11:Howmanycriminalhistorypoints?A. 0B. 1C. 2D. 3E. 4
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§4A1.2(k)(2)Revocation May Affect Time Frame
• Forthepurposesofdeterminingtheapplicabletimeperiod,usethefollowing:
A. AnADULTTERMofimprisonmenttotalingMORETHAN13MONTHS– thedateoflastrelease fromincarceration
B. ACONFINEMENTSENTENCEforanoffenseCOMMITTEDPRIORTOTHEDEFENDANT’S18TH BIRTHDAY– thedateoflastrelease fromconfinement
C. INANYOTHERCASE– thedateoftheoriginalsentence
3 4 5 6 7
20% 20% 20% 20% 20%
Scenario#12:Howmanycriminalhistorypoints?A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 6E. 7
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§4A1.2, Application Note 11
Wherearevocationappliestomultiplesentences,andsuchsentencesarecountedseparately,addthetermofimprisonmentimposeduponrevocationtothesentencethatwillresultinthegreatestincreaseincriminalhistorypoints.
www.ussc.gov (202)502‐4545 @theusscgov [email protected]
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“Overrides”
434343
ChapterFour,PartB(Also§3A1.4‐ Terrorism)
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ChapterThreeandChapterFour“Overrides”
§3A1.4 Terrorism§§4B1.1‐ 4B1.2 CareerOffender§4B1.3 CriminalLivelihood§4B1.4 ArmedCareerCriminal§4B1.5 RepeatandDangerous
SexOffenderAgainstMinors
45
Career Offender Defendant
• DefendantchargedinfederalcourtwithPWIDMarijuana(atleast1,000kg‐ mandatory10‐life)
• Defendanthastwopriorconvictions:PWIDHeroinandPWIDCocaineatthestatelevel(withintherelevanttimeframesandcountedseparately‐ 2ptseach)
• OL29(BOL30+2(gun)‐3foracceptance)andCHCIII• (108‐135months)
• ApplicationofCareerOffenderguidelinewilloverride• OL37* (basedonstatmaxoflifeforinstantoffense)andCHCVI• (262‐327months)
*DecreaseforAcceptanceagain
46
Let’stakealookbackatthedefendantfromCriminalHistoryExercise#7
ArrestDate:05/06/09(Age20)
05/06/09(Age20)
Charge/Docket #AggravatedRobbery;RutherfordCountyCriminalCourt,Murfreesboro,TN
AggravatedRobbery;RutherfordCountyCriminalCourt,Murfreesboro,TN
Date/Sent. Imposed06/26/09:2yearscustody,concurrentwithallotherconvictions
06/26/09:1yearcustody,concurrentwithallotherconvictions
Yes No
50% 50%
CanthesecondrobberybeusedasapredicateforCareerOffender?
A. YesB. No
48
www.ussc.gov (202)502‐4545 @theusscgov [email protected]
CareerOffenderand18U.S.C.§ 924(c)
§4B1.1(c)
37(360‐life) 33(235‐293) 34(262‐327) Ihavenoidea
25% 25% 25% 25%
Whatisthedefendant’sfinaloffenselevelandcorresponding“otherwiseapplicableguidelinerange”?
A. 37(360‐life)B. 33(235‐293)C. 34(262‐327)D. Ihavenoidea
262‐327 322‐387 324‐405 MyheadisspinningHELP!
25% 25% 25% 25%
Whatistheresultingguidelinerange?
A. 262‐327B. 322‐387C. 324‐405D. MyheadisspinningHELP!
235‐293 360‐life 324‐405 322‐387
25% 25% 25% 25%
Whatisthedefendant’sguidelinerangepursuantto§4B1.1?
A. 235‐293B. 360‐lifeC. 324‐405D. 322‐387
