Upload
others
View
27
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
www.snerdi.com.cn
Advanced Passive PWR Radwaste Minimization Technology
2019. 06. 19
Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research & Design Institute Co.LTD.
知识产权声明
本文件的知识产权属国家电力投资集团公司及其相关产权人所有,并含有其保密信息。对本文件
的使用及处置应严格遵循获取本文件的合同及约定的条件和要求。未经国家电力投资集团公司事
先书面同意,不得对外披露、复制。
Intellectual Property Rights Statement
This document is the property of and contains proprietary information owned by SPIC and/or its related
proprietor. You agree to treat this document in strict accordance with the terms and conditions of the
agreement under which it was provided to you. No disclosure or copy of this document is permitted
without the prior written permission of SPIC.
2
1. Overview of CAP1400 & Radwaste Minimization Principle
2. Waste Volume Reduction Process for SRTF
3. Future Development
Contents
1. Overview of CAP1400 & Radwaste Minimization Principle
2. Waste Volume Reduction Process for SRTF
3. Future Development
Contents
1. Overview of CAP1400 & Radwaste Minimization Principle
Based of domestic PWR nuclear power technology R&D and engineering experience
for 50 years in China, China’s safe construction and operation experience of 44 units
in 20 years, whole assimilation and absorption of AP1000 Technology by organizing
all related Chinese enterprises.
As an Advanced Passive PWR,
CAP1400 is a National Key
Project of China!
1. Overview of CAP1400 & Radwaste Minimization Principle
Major ConcernBetter Safety
Better Economy
Friendly Environment
1. Overview of CAP1400 & Radwaste Minimization Principle
Guide Target
US, URD 50m3/unit*yrRadwaste Package for 1000MW NPP
EU, EUR 50m3/unit*yrRadwaste Package for 1000MW NPP
China, HAD 401/08 Nuclear Facility Radwaste Minimization
Radwaste Package ALARA compared with Best Practice worldwide
Radwaste Minimization provide a measurable target for Friendly Environment PWR.
In order to achieve this goal,
Available & Economy
management is required.
1. Overview of CAP1400 & Radwaste Minimization Principle
Radwaste Minimization
Source
Control
Less fuel defect
Water chemical
control
Material control
Technology
Innovation
Less
maintenance
Less secondary
waste
Common mode
Radwaste
Reduction
Activity ALARA
Volume ALARA
Green
Manufacturing
Less
consumption
Less discharge
Exemption &
Clearance
Excluded from radiation
regulation
Recycling
Economy
Waste Reuse
Easy to
Decommission
Design Operation Decommission
1. Overview of CAP1400 & Radwaste Minimization Principle
2. Waste Volume Reduction Process for SRTF
3. Future Development
Contents
1. Overview of SRTF Waste Treatment Process
Chinese new nuclear power plants
follow the international nuclear power
waste treatment mode, simplifying the
nuclear island waste treatment process,
and treat the wastes (such as dry and
wet solid wastes) which are suitable for
central ized treatment in an Site
Radwaste Treatment Facility (SRTF)
s h a r e d b y t h e w h o l e p l a n t t o
complement the processing capabilities.
NI(Single Unit)
SRTF(Shared in Site)
Chemical liquid waste(heat pump evaporation+dry)
Spent resin、Spent filter、mixed waste(sorting、dry、super-
compaction、grouting)
◆ Complete waste treatment process
◆ Waste Volume Reduction
Interim storage、laundry
Gas waste(delay decay)
Liquid waste(filtration+flocculation+ion
exchange)
Solid waste(collection and 和temporary storage)
SRTF waste stream interface table
Waste stream
Producing
(collecting)
area
Transportation
destination
In-plant transfer
method
Normal condition
Spent filter NI Auxiliary building Shielded transfer cask
Spent resin NI Auxiliary building Shielded transfer cask
Chemical liquid waste NIRadioactive waste
buildingShielded transfer cask
HVAC filter NIRadioactive waste
buildingTransport truck
Compactable/ non-
Compactable wasteNI
Radioactive waste
buildingShielded transfer cask
Abnormal condition
Secondary circuit radioactive
sewageCI
Production wastewater
treatment building
Mobile treatment
device
1. Overview of SRTF Waste Treatment Process
Schematic diagram of waste treatment process
Spent filter
Spent resin
Chemical liquid
waste
HVAC filter
Compactable waste
Non-compactable
waste
receive &
transfer
pre-shred &
compact
Sort & pre-
compact
sort
vacuum dry
Evaporate &
In-drum dry
Super-compact
Overpack optimize
grout
Multi-drum dry
temporary storage
receive &
transfer
receive &
transfer
1. Overview of SRTF Waste Treatment Process
Main Waste Volume Reduction Process
2. Main Waste Volume Reduction Process for SRTF
Spent resin1 NI building Shielded transfer device Vacuum dryer
SRTF building
Disposal
Concrete HIC Grouting device Super-compactor
Interim storage
Spent
resin
2 Chemical liquid waste
2. Main Waste Volume Reduction Process for SRTF
NI building Shielded transfer
SRTF building
Disposal
Concrete HIC Super-compactor In-drum dryer
Interim storage Grouting device
Chemical liquid waste
Heat pump evaporator
3 Compactable waste
2. Main Waste Volume Reduction Process for SRTF
NI building Sorting box
SRTF building
Transport truck
Super-compactor 12-drum dryer
Grouting device
Interim storage
Disposal
Compactable waste
Waste volume reduction effect list
Waste streamVolume reduction ratio of
each step
Total volume reduction
ratio (in-plant package)
Spent resin
dry:1.5
super-compact:1.25
grout:0.75
1.41
Chemical liquid waste
evaporate & dry:100
super-compact:1
grout:0.75
75
HAVC filter
extrude & pre-compact:1.4
super-compact:5.7
grout:0.75
6
Compactable waste
sort & pre-compact:1.5
super-compact:4
grout:0.75
4.5
2. Main Waste Volume Reduction Process for SRTF
The waste package formed by SRTF has the characteristics of good volume reduction
effect and stable physical and chemical properties. It is suitable for near-surface disposal
and has a very positive effect on reducing the pressure and cost of radioactive waste
disposal in nuclear power plants
Cement
solidification
Super-
compaction
Spent resin processing
capacity(6 units)80m3
Volume increase ratio 约2.5 0.71
Waste package production per year 1000 drums* 285 drums*
Comparison of waste package produced by two resin
treatment processes
2. Main Waste Volume Reduction Process for SRTF
Note: * by 200L drum
SRTF adopts waste volume reduction process such as drying and compaction to control
the volume of solid waste generated by a single unit below 50 m3/a, meeting the
requirements of waste minimization according to URD.
2. Main Waste Volume Reduction Process for SRTF
Waste stream
Expected amount of
waste generated per year(6 units)
Primary treatment
Secondary treatment
Grout
Expected amount of 200L drums generated per year(6 units)
Volume reduction
ratio
Specific radioactivity of waste package
Spent filter 36Fill in 200L
drum× Y 36 1 2.97E+10Bq/kg
HVAC filter 118(13.3m3)
Pre-shred, pre-compact & fill in 160L
drum
Super-compact
y 19 6 1.94E+04Bq/kg
Compactable waste
780.9m3
Sort, pre-compact & fill in 160L
drum
Super-compact
Y 868 4.5 2.25E+05Bq/kg
Non-compactable
waste40.62 m3 Sort & fill in
200L drum× Y 214 0.95 9.5E+04Bq/kg
Spent resin 80.04 m3 DrySuper-
compactY 285 1.41 4.09E+10Bq/kg
Chemical liquid waste
124.46 m3 Evaporate & dry in drum
Super-compact
Y 4 75 1.08E+08Bq/kg
Expected amount of 200L drums generated by 6 units each year is about 1431 with an average of 239 drums per unit.Thus the expected volume of solid waste generated by a single unit is about 48m3/a.
Standards and specifications compliance
Meet all the National StandardsHAF401-1997 放射性废物安全监督管理规定
HAD003/06-1986 核电厂设计中的质量保证
HAD102/12-1990 核电厂辐射防护设计
HAD401/01-1990 核电厂放射性排出流和废物管理
HAD401/02-1997 核电厂放射性废物管理系统的设计
HAD401/04-1998 放射性废物的分类
HAD401/08-2016 核设施放射性废物最小化
GB 6249-2011 核电厂环境辐射防护规定
GB 9132-1988 低中水平放射性固体废物的浅地层处置规定
GB 9133-1995 放射性废物的分类
GB 9134-1988 轻水堆核电厂放射性固体废物处理系统技术规定
GB 9135-1998 轻水堆核电厂放射性废液处理系统技术规定
GB 11806-2004 放射性物质安全运输规程
GB 12711-1991 低、中水平放射性固体废物包装安全标准
GB 14500-2002 放射性废物管理规定
GB 14587-2011 轻水堆核电厂放射性废水排放系统技术规定
GB 14589-1993 核电厂低、中水平放射性固体废物暂时贮存技术规定
GB 16933-1997 放射性废物近地表处置的废物接收准则
GB 18871-2002 电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准
EJ 1042-2014 低、中水平放射性固体废物容器 钢桶
EJ 1186-2005 放射性废物体和废物包的特性鉴定
⚫ Waste package meets therequirements of standards andspecifications.
⚫ Final disposal with concrete highintegrity containers of 300-yearservice life .
⚫ Spent resin adopts a hotsuper-compaction process,and the volume reductionratio can reach 1.4.
⚫ Chemical liquid waste adoptsan evaporative drying process,and the volume reductionratio can reach 75.
Disposal( GB 9132 ,GB 12711)
Waste minimization( HAD 401/08)
1
3. SRTF Process Maturity & Equipment Development
Up to now SRTF engineering application conditions obtained
Process maturity2
3. SRTF Process Maturity & Equipment Development
SRTF of built NPPs Sanmen, Tianwan
SRTF of new NPPs Xiapu, Lufeng, Xudapu
The main process of CAP1400 SRTF is widely recognized and applied
in China.
Main Equipment R&D completed and Industry certificated by China National Science and Technology Major Project.
3. SRTF Process Maturity & Equipment Development
Spent Resin Vacuum Dryer Small-scale heat pump evaporator
Shield Transfer Device In-drum drying device
The goal of minimizing waste is that annual waste
package volume is no more than 50m3/yr.
The volume reduction processes of SRTF based on drying
and compaction have good waste reduction capacity and are
mature and reliable, meeting the requirements of standards
and specifications.
4. Conclusion
1. Overview of CAP1400 & Radwaste Minimization Principle
2. Waste Volume Reduction Process for SRTF
3. Future Development
Contents
3. Future Development
Further
Waste Minimization
Zero Discharge Disposal Safety
Source control
Radwast disposal and decommission
-Dispoal container R&D
-Disposal site design
-Design optimazation for docommission
NI radwaste system design
Site radwaste facility design
Tritium liquid treatment
Non-radwaste treatment(e.g. Boron)
Radwaste
Minimization
1. Liquid Radwaste minimization
2. Gaseous Radwaste minimization
3. Solid radwaste minimization
4. Total radwaste minimization
5. Economical efficiency
6. Dose-rate minimization
7. Automatic control optimization
8. Energy consumption optimization
9. Layout optimization
10. reliability optimization
3. Future Development
Further
Waste Minimization
Fluidized bed steam reforming
PVA Fenton
Plasma melting
Wet oxidation
Incinerator
New Technology
In the study
3. Future Development
EXAMPLE:
Fluidized bed steam reforming
Investment
SRTF Compared with new Tech (steam reforming)
4亿
3.5亿
SRTF current
SRTF new
Building AreaVR resin
6
1.4
VR DAW
25
4.5
Treat Oil
Yes
No
Waste Vol/un*a
48m3
31.8m3
Disposal Cost
17.5亿
11.5亿
3100m2
3000m2
Note: Based on 6 units & 60 years; disposal rate 100000RMB/m3
3. Future Development
Zero Discharge
New Multipurpose nuclear reactor (ex: Heating)• Closer to the city• Lower environmental release
Primary Effluent
DegasHoldup
Tank
Holdup Tank
Floor Drain
Filter+IX+Membrane
Filter+IX+Membrane
CVS Makeup
Primary Loop
Reuse Water Tank
SFP Makeup
Equipment Flush
✓ After treatment reuse water< 30Bq/L
✓ 100% water recycle in NPP✓ Zero Liquid Discharge to
environment✓ Tritium impoverishment rate >50
Tritiumseparation
3. Future Development
Disposal Safety
Longer Life, More Stability and Safer Drop simulation analysis and test
⚫ High performance concrete recipe
⚫ Container shielded surface dose rate ≤ 10mSv/h
as an Off-site container
⚫ Resistance to fall during transportation
⚫ Blocking nuclide diffusion
⚫ 300 year lifetime container provide safer condition and less requirement for disposal
site and engineering structures
⚫ Now Concrete HIC R&D completed and would be applied soon for China near-
surface disposal facility to improve disposal safety
Concrete High Integrity Container(HIC)
谢谢!THANK YOU !
www.snerdi.com.cn