Advocating for Social Sustainability

and Inclusive Growth: Emerging Ideas

Changing Realities

Francisco FilhoCatholic University of Brasilia and

International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth (IPC-IG)

Earth Condominium International Conference

17-19 May 2012

Gaia, Portugal – 18 May 2012

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Outline

First Section - Social Sustainability: Addressing the Poverty-Environment Nexus

Second Section - Inclusive Growth and Green Economy: The Role of Productive Inclusion

Third Section - Communicating for ChangeDelegates of the VietnamStudy

Tour on Social Inclusion of Ethnic Minorities visit favelas in Rio de

Janeiro, Brazil

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Social Sustainability

Key issues:Recognition of the interdependence of 4 components: Growth, Poverty, Environment and Gender. Acceptance that socially-blind policies are unlikely to be neither sustained nor sustainable. Clear focus on sustaining green economy in society: Focus on well-being and human development.

Learn more: IPC-IG Poverty in Focus Magazine on the Dimensions of Inclusive Development discusses the emerging concept of social sustainability and presents various perspectives from the Global South.

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Key issues:

Understanding the complex dynamics of resource use and depletion by the poor and the poorest.

Understanding the heterogeneity of the poor and the complexity of their interactions with the environment at local level.

Taking into account local consumption patterns and the values attached to them.

:

Poverty and the Environment

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Ali and Son (2007): (i) an increase in the average opportunities available to the population; and (ii) improvement in the equitability of the distribution of opportunities among the population.

Ianchovichina and Lundstrom (2009): “In short, inclusive growth is about raising the pace of growth and enlarging the size of the economy, while leveling the playing field for investment and increasing productive employment opportunities.”

Rauniyar and Kanbur (2010): “growth […] accompanied by lower income inequality, so that the increment of income accrues disproportionately to those with lower incomes.”

Habito (2010): “GDP growth that leads to significant poverty reduction.”

McKinley (2010): “(i) achieving sustainable growth that will create and expand economic opportunities, and (ii) ensuring broader access to these opportunities so that members of society can participate in and benefit from growth.”

Klasen (2010): “…in terms of outcome, inclusive growth could be termed ‘disadvantage-reducing’ growth.”

Inclusive Growth: Concepts and Definitions

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IPC-IG’s work on inclusive growth starts from the premise that societies based on equality tend to perform better in development and that long-term public investments on comprehensive social protection and promotion is a necessary condition to achieving sustainable and inclusive growth.

A debate from the Global SouthA policy debate that emerged in the South: India, China, Brazil, South Africa, Indonesia, Turkey

Inclusive growth seen as both an outcome and a process, requiring benefit-sharing and participation.

 

The Global South Context

IPC-IG’s approach

Learn more about IPC-IG’s work

on Inclusive Growth

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Inclusive Growth indicators in selected Emerging Economies

CountriesAnnual GDP growth 2002-2009

(% per year)

Change in the Gini index of the household per capita income in the

2000s (%)

Brazil 3.7 -9

Chile 4.2 -6

Colombia 4.4 -1

Mexico 2.8 -6

Peru 5.6 -13

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Inclusive Growth indicators in selected Emerging Economies

From 1996 to

most recent:

Gini Change

Poverty Change

Avg. GDP

growthArgentina 2008 -4% 23% 5%Brazil 2008 -9% -54% 6%China 2005 10% -44% 9%Egypt 2008 -16% -30% 3%India 2005 -1% -7% 6%Indonesia 2008 3% -27% 4%S. Africa 2005 4% -99% 3%Thailand 2004 -14% -34% 9%Turkey 2008 -13% -8% 4%Vietnam 2006 13% -51% 7%

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Inclusive Growth indicators in selected Emerging Economies

Argentina

Brazil

China

Egypt

India

Indonesia

S. Africa

Thailand

Turkey

Vietnam

-112%

-92%

-72%

-52%

-32%

-12%

8%

28%

-19% -14% -9% -4% 1% 6% 11% 16%

Pove

rty

(<2U

S$/d

ay)

Perf

orm

ance

Gini PerformanceBubble size: GDP growth

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Inclusive Growth and Green Economy

Policy questions:

How can investments in green economy help promote inclusive growth?

Is inclusive growth a necessary condition for a transition towards a green economy?

Key elements for discussion:

Productive Inclusion: Learn more here.

Integration of the economic/social/environment dimensions into policymaking

The role of public communications and adocacy for policy change

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Key components:

A framework of policy interventions aimed at promoting Social Inclusion via the generation of new employment opportunities for the poor and the vulnerable so as to ensure a sustained and inclusive growth process.

Focus on rural growth; family agriculture; extreme poverty eradication.

Addressing the structural factors that create and perpetuate inequality:The role of the State in expanding access to quality education; ensuring social transfers; affirmative actions; specific policies for ethnic minorities and forest peoples.

 

Productive Inclusion

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Innovative approaches in Brazil:

Food Acquisition Programme (PAA) - Agro-ecology component

National Biofuels Programme (PNB)

Productive Inclusion

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Key issues:

Agenda-Setting: The complexity of strategic engagement with stakeholders – Media, CSOs, Public Intellectuals

Positive payoffs to be maximized in the short term.

The local to the global: Supporting innovations and giving voice to change catalyzers.

Communications and Advocacy for Change

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Case studies:

Ongoing research at UCB: The environmental and the social in the Brazilian media.

Analysis of media coverage: Can the social help raise awareness of the environmental? Media and collective action: Has the coverage been supportive to individual or collective action? Green Economy and Sustainable Development: Differences in media perception and media friendliness

The case of green washing: Different patterns in Brazil and the US

 

Communications and Advocacy for Change

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Green Equity: Environmental Justice for more Inclusive Growth – Kishan Koday and Leisa Perch

Understanding the Socio-Environmental Policy Space – Leisa Perch Social Policies and the Fall in Inequality in Brazil: Achievements and

Challenges – Pedro Ferreira de Souza Development from Below: Social Accountability in Natural Resource

Management – Kishan Koday and Leisa Perch Dimensions of Inclusive Development – Leisa Perch and Gabriel Labbate Public Support to Food Security in India, Brazil and South Africa: Elements f

or a Policy Dialogue – Darana Souza and Danuta Chmielewska

The Consolidation of Social Assistance in Brazil and Its Challenges, 1988–2008 - Luciana Jaccoud, Patricia Dario El-Moor Hadjab, Juliana Rochet Chaibub

IPC-IG Knowledge Materials and References

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Obrigado!

francisco.filho@ipc-undp.org

+ 55 61 2105 5000

www.ipc-undp.org

@UNDP_IPC

Photos: Humanizing Development Global Photography Campaign,

IPC-IG